A monitoring and management system for parking lots

Abstract

The present invention discloses a monitoring and management system for parking lots, and specifically relates to the technical field of parking management. By calculating the congestion degree of a parking lot and comparing it with a threshold value, it can determine whether the current parking peak is reached, start a guidance service in advance, alleviate parking pressure, and improve user experience. It can not only navigate to vacant parking spaces, but also accurately match them according to vehicle sizes and parking space environments to ensure that parking spaces are free, and update information in time when the status changes, provide new parking spaces, and effectively solve the problems of insufficient parking efficiency and convenience in the existing parking lot technology; and by integrating an intelligent auxiliary decision-making module, it can predict the probability of vacant parking spaces at different time steps in the future, improve management efficiency and user experience, optimize operation strategies, and improve parking space utilization and turnover rates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parking management, and more particularly to a monitoring and management system for a parking lot. Background Art

[0002] In the patent document with publication number CN117576944A, a parking system and method for a parking lot are disclosed, which relates to the field of vehicle identification sensor technology. By comprehensively considering the vehicle size and available parking spaces, and analyzing the remaining safe parking length, width and number of parking spaces, a parking assessment coefficient is calculated, which is conducive to avoiding safety hazards caused by vehicles not meeting parking space requirements due to their size, and helps to ensure the safety of vehicles and their surroundings. The comprehensive analysis module combines the parking assessment coefficient and the safety assessment coefficient, comprehensively considering the vehicle's satisfaction with the parking space and the safety of the parking lot, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the parking quality of the parking lot, which is conducive to more accurately reflecting the overall situation of the parking lot, avoiding the limitations of a single indicator, so as to meet the unique parking needs of each vehicle, and helping to improve the service level of the parking lot and enhance the user's parking experience.

[0003] However, it still has many shortcomings in actual use, such as the problem of insufficient parking efficiency and convenience in the parking lot in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a parking lot to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a monitoring and management system for a parking lot, comprising:

[0006] The vehicle information collection module is used to collect vehicle information including vehicle size information, entry and exit time, parking waiting time, and departure waiting time;

[0007] The parking lot information monitoring module is used to monitor the parking lot operation information and mark the parking lot status information, including occupied and free parking spaces;

[0008] The parking scene analysis module is used to determine whether the current scene is in a parking peak scene. If it is in a parking peak scene, the parking guidance service instruction is started;

[0009] The parking guidance module is used to provide parking guidance information for vehicles, display available parking space information through a visual display platform, and provide navigation.

[0010] Preferably, the peak parking scene is determined in the following manner:

[0011] Get the total number of parking spaces and real-time free parking spaces in the parking lot, denoted as cz and ck respectively;

[0012] Get the real-time parking waiting time and real-time departure waiting time, recorded as td and lt respectively;

[0013] The parking lot congestion degree Pcd is calculated by the following formula;

[0014] Among them, max (·) is used to take the maximum value of the value in the brackets, Form (·) is used to perform linear normalization on the content in the brackets so that the value in the brackets is in the range of 0-1, td_avg and lt_avg represent the average parking waiting time and the average departure waiting time respectively; α and β are weight coefficients, which are used to adjust the impact of real-time parking waiting time and real-time departure waiting time on the congestion degree parameters, and are adjusted according to actual conditions;

[0015] When the parking lot congestion level Pcd exceeds the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding scene is in a parking peak scene.

[0016] Preferably, the method for obtaining the vacant parking space is:

[0017] Based on the vehicle size information and the free parking space information, obtain the free parking space corresponding to the vehicle;

[0018] Based on the free parking space information and environmental information, the free parking space is corrected in size to obtain the actual acceptable size information; based on the acceptable vehicle size information and the vehicle size information, the free and usable parking space of the vehicle is obtained.

[0019] Preferably, during the process of the vehicle selecting and heading for an available parking space, the parking space status is continuously monitored to ensure that the selected parking space is still available when the vehicle arrives; if the parking space status changes, the parking space information on the visual display platform is updated in a timely manner, and a new available parking space is provided for the vehicle.

[0020] Preferably, the monitoring and management system for the parking lot includes an intelligent auxiliary decision-making module.

[0021] The intelligent auxiliary decision-making module is used to obtain the current cumulative parking curve of the parking lot, and based on the current cumulative parking curve and the parking space prediction model, obtain the probability of at least one vacant parking space appearing within different prediction steps, and display the probability on the interface of the parking lot management system or provide it to the user as a reference.

[0022] Preferably, the probability is obtained in the following manner:

[0023] Step S21, by statistically analyzing historical data, the distribution of vehicle parking time is calculated, and a cumulative probability distribution curve is drawn, where the horizontal axis represents the parking time, and the vertical axis represents the proportion of vehicles whose parking time does not exceed the time interval;

[0024] Step S22: updating parking lot status data in real time and drawing a parking time distribution curve of the current vehicle;

[0025] Step S23: Building a parking space prediction model based on machine learning, the parking space prediction model can output the predicted number of vacant parking spaces in the future short time scale;

[0026] Step S24: input real-time data and prediction step length, use the trained parking space prediction model, output the predicted number of free parking spaces in the future short time scale, and calculate the probability of at least one free parking space appearing in different prediction step lengths.

[0027] Preferably, the process of acquiring the parking space prediction model is as follows:

[0028] Data preparation: Organize historical data and real-time data, including vehicle parking duration, parking lot occupancy rate, and time characteristics. The time characteristics include at least the day of the week, time period, and holidays.

[0029] Model selection: Build an initial parking space prediction model based on machine learning algorithms;

[0030] Model training: Use historical data to train the initial parking space prediction model so that the parking space prediction model can learn the relationship between the parking lot status and the number of free parking spaces. During the training process, adjust the parking space prediction model parameters to improve the prediction accuracy and output the trained parking space prediction model.

[0031] Preferably, the present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a parking lot, further comprising:

[0032] In the parking lot information monitoring module, the parking lot operation data is obtained through the monitoring equipment, and the parking lot operation data also includes: gate operation data, parking status information and channel occupancy information;

[0033] The area division module is used to divide the collected data into several time areas according to the time period and number them. There are n time areas, and i represents the sequential number of the time area;

[0034] The gate operation data analysis module is used to analyze the gate operation data in each time period and obtain the gate control reliability index;

[0035] The parking status information analysis module is used to analyze the parking status information and channel occupancy information in each time zone to obtain the parking standard evaluation index;

[0036] The intelligent alarm module is used to warn of abnormal parking lot information, including a real-time alarm unit and a performance risk alarm unit. The real-time alarm unit is used to notify managers and users about blocked entrances and exits and abnormal parking; the performance risk alarm unit issues risk warnings to managers based on the gate control reliability index and the parking specification evaluation index.

[0037] Preferably, the gate control reliability index is obtained in the following manner:

[0038] By analyzing the barrier operation information in the i-th time zone, we can obtain the barrier recognition accuracy ds, the average license plate information recognition speed dv, the average response speed dx and the barrier fault information. The barrier fault information includes: the number of abnormal barrier freezes q and the cumulative freeze duration T d ;

[0039] The gate control reliability index is calculated by the following formula:

[0040] Among them, dv_y represents the preset license plate information recognition speed, and dx_y represents the preset response speed.

[0041] Preferably, the parking specification evaluation index is obtained in the following manner:

[0042] Assume that among the parking behaviors in the i-th time zone, there are m abnormal parking behaviors, and the abnormal parking behaviors refer to parking behaviors that occupy more than half of the parking lot road width or the adjacent parking space area;

[0043] Get the cumulative parking space area loss and channel loss area in the i-th time zone, denoted as A s , A t ;

[0044] Use A ta Represents the total area of ​​all available parking spaces in the area, used to normalize the area loss;

[0045] The parking standard evaluation index is calculated by the following formula:

[0046] Among them, k represents the adjustment coefficient of the number of abnormal parking behaviors, which is used to control the influence of m on the evaluation index and is determined according to actual conditions.

[0047] Preferably, the present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a parking lot, further comprising a parking lot satisfaction evaluation module,

[0048] The parking lot satisfaction evaluation module is used to obtain the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient corresponding to the user, including:

[0049] The predicted arrival time of the user at the parking lot is obtained as the prediction step length, and the probability that there is at least one free parking space when the user arrives at the parking lot is recorded as , where yt represents the prediction step length and “1” means there is at least one free parking space;

[0050] The gate control reliability index, parking specification evaluation index and the probability that there is at least one vacant parking space when the user arrives at the parking lot are jointly analyzed, and the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient Ft is calculated by the following formula;

[0051] Among them, qi represents the weight coefficient of the i-th time zone, and the ratio of the number of vehicle inflows in the i-th time zone to the cumulative number of vehicle inflows represents the weight coefficient qi;

[0052] The user determines whether to go to the corresponding parking lot based on the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient.

[0053] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0054] (1) The present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a parking lot. By calculating the parking lot congestion degree Pcd and comparing it with a threshold, the system can timely determine whether the parking lot is currently in a parking peak scenario. This function enables the system to start parking guidance service instructions in advance during peak hours, effectively alleviating parking pressure and improving user experience. The parking guidance module not only provides the function of navigating to an empty parking space, but also can accurately match the vehicle size information and the environmental information of the empty parking space to ensure that the selected parking space is still empty when the vehicle arrives. When the parking space status changes, the information can be updated in time and a new empty and usable parking space can be provided again, effectively solving the problems of insufficient parking efficiency and convenience in the prior art.

[0055] (2) The monitoring and management system for a parking lot provided by the present invention can obtain a curve graph of the current accumulated parking space of vehicles in the parking lot by integrating an intelligent auxiliary decision-making module, and based on the curve graph and a parking space prediction model, predict the probability of at least one vacant parking space appearing in different time steps in the future, which helps to improve the management efficiency of the parking lot and the user's parking experience, optimize the operation strategy of the parking lot, and improve the utilization rate and turnover rate of parking spaces.

[0056] (3) The present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a parking lot, which takes into account the gate control reliability index of the parking lot, the parking specification evaluation index and the probability that there is at least one vacant parking space when a user arrives at the parking lot, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the parking lot satisfaction coefficient of the parking lot, which is conducive to more accurately reflecting the overall situation of the parking lot, avoiding the limitations of a single indicator, and helping to improve the service level of the parking lot and enhance the user's parking experience; through the early warning terminal, early warning prompts are issued for situations where parking requirements are not met. The integration of functions makes the overall function of the system more complete and can meet more diversified parking lot management needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the parking lot monitoring and management system based on the parking guidance module of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the operation of the parking space prediction model of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the parking lot monitoring and management system based on the intelligent alarm module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0061] At the same time, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

[0062] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present application, its application, or uses.

[0063] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0064] Example 1, see Figure 1 The parking lot monitoring and management system structure block diagram based on the parking guidance module, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following Figure 1 A monitoring and management system for a parking lot is shown, comprising:

[0065] The vehicle information collection module is used to collect vehicle information including vehicle size information, entry and exit time, parking waiting time, and departure waiting time;

[0066] The parking lot information monitoring module is used to monitor the parking lot operation information and mark the parking lot status information, the parking lot status information includes occupied and idle; the parking lot operation information includes: the total number of parking spaces in the parking lot, real-time idle parking spaces, real-time parking waiting time, and real-time departure waiting time;

[0067] The parking scene analysis module is used to determine whether the current scene is in a parking peak scene. If it is in a parking peak scene, the parking guidance service instruction is started;

[0068] The parking guidance module is used to provide parking guidance information for vehicles, display available parking space information through a visual display platform, and provide navigation.

[0069] It needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention that the method for determining the parking peak scene is:

[0070] Get the total number of parking spaces and real-time free parking spaces in the parking lot, denoted as cz and ck respectively;

[0071] Get the real-time parking waiting time and real-time departure waiting time, recorded as td and lt respectively;

[0072] The parking lot congestion degree Pcd is calculated by the following formula;

[0073] Among them, max (·) is used to take the maximum value of the value in the brackets, Form (·) is used to perform linear normalization on the content in the brackets so that the value in the brackets is in the range of 0-1, td_avg and lt_avg represent the average parking waiting time and the average departure waiting time respectively; α and β are weight coefficients, which are used to adjust the impact of real-time parking waiting time and real-time departure waiting time on the congestion degree parameters, and are adjusted according to actual conditions;

[0074] When the parking lot congestion level Pcd exceeds the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding scene is in a parking peak scene.

[0075] It needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention that the method for obtaining the vacant parking space is:

[0076] Based on the vehicle size information and the free parking space information, obtain the free parking space corresponding to the vehicle;

[0077] Based on the free parking space information and environmental information, the free parking space is corrected in size to obtain the actual acceptable size information; based on the acceptable vehicle size information and the vehicle size information, the free and usable parking space of the vehicle is obtained.

[0078] What needs to be further explained in the embodiments of the present invention is that, in the process of the vehicle selecting and heading for an available parking space, the parking space status is continuously monitored to ensure that the selected parking space is still available when the vehicle arrives; if the parking space status changes (i.e., occupied by other vehicles), the parking space information on the visualization display platform is updated in a timely manner, and a new available parking space is provided for the vehicle.

[0079] It needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention that the process of obtaining the idle and usable parking space includes:

[0080] Step S1, preliminary screening of vacant parking spaces: preliminary screening is performed based on the vehicle size information (including vehicle length and width) acquired by the vehicle information acquisition module and the vacancy status information of each parking space in the current parking lot provided by the parking lot information monitoring module; all parking spaces marked as "vacant" and whose sizes preliminarily meet or exceed the vehicle size requirements are screened out as a preliminarily screened set of vacant parking spaces;

[0081] Step S2, taking parking space environment information into consideration to make size correction: for each initially screened vacant parking space, further consider the environment information of the vacant parking space, such as obstacles next to the parking space, occupancy of adjacent parking spaces, and width restrictions of parking space entrances and exits; based on the environment information, correct the actual available size of the vacant parking space to obtain actual acceptable size information;

[0082] Step S3, accurately matching vehicle size with parking space size: accurately matching the vehicle size information with the corrected acceptable size information of the parking space, that is, selecting parking spaces whose vehicle size can fully fit in or is slightly smaller than the acceptable size of the parking space as the final set of available parking spaces;

[0083] Step S4, optimizing the selection of available parking spaces: In the final set of available parking spaces, other factors are further considered, such as the distance of the parking space from the entrance or exit of the parking lot and the degree of congestion in the area where the parking space is located, so as to optimize the convenience and efficiency of vehicle parking.

[0084] Summary: By calculating the parking lot congestion degree Pcd and comparing it with the threshold, it is possible to promptly determine whether the current parking scene is at a peak. This function enables the system to start parking guidance service instructions in advance during peak hours, effectively alleviating parking pressure and improving user experience; the parking guidance module not only provides the function of navigating to vacant parking spaces, but also can accurately match the vehicle size information and the environmental information of the vacant parking spaces to ensure that the selected parking space is still vacant when the vehicle arrives, and can update the information in time when the parking space status changes and provide new vacant and available parking spaces. This intelligent guidance service greatly improves parking efficiency and convenience.

[0085] Background: In a traditional parking lot management system, when a user plans to park in a parking lot, he or she can usually only rely on real-time parking space status information to make decisions. However, in a scenario where the vehicle has not yet arrived at the parking lot and the status of the free parking spaces in the parking lot fluctuates frequently, this decision-making method that relies on real-time information has obvious problems. Since the number of free parking spaces in a parking lot may change significantly in a short period of time, users may encounter a situation where the parking spaces are occupied on the way to the parking lot, which not only wastes the user's time, but may also have a negative impact on the operational efficiency of the parking lot. Based on this, the technical solution described in Example 2 is proposed.

[0086] Embodiment 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a parking lot, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that the monitoring and management system for a parking lot includes an intelligent auxiliary decision module,

[0087] The intelligent auxiliary decision-making module is used to obtain the current cumulative parking curve of the parking lot, and based on the current cumulative parking curve and the parking space prediction model, obtain the probability of at least one vacant parking space appearing within different prediction steps, and display the probability on the interface of the parking lot management system or provide it to the user as a reference.

[0088] What needs to be further explained in the embodiments of the present invention is that the prediction step refers to the length of time that the parking space prediction model predicts forward when performing time series prediction (depending on the frequency of changes in the parking lot state and the accuracy of the prediction requirements). The prediction step determines how far into the future the model needs to predict. The embodiments of the present invention do not limit the prediction step. For example, the prediction step is 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, and 20 minutes. Perhaps the prediction step can be set according to the time when the user arrives at the parking lot.

[0089] In the embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to further explain that Figure 2 The parking space prediction model operation flow chart, the probability is obtained as follows:

[0090] Step S21, by statistically analyzing historical data, the distribution of vehicle parking time is calculated, and a cumulative probability distribution curve is drawn, where the horizontal axis represents the parking time, and the vertical axis represents the proportion of vehicles whose parking time does not exceed the time interval (i.e., the cumulative probability);

[0091] Explanation: Obtain historical vehicle parking records from the parking lot management system, including the timestamps of vehicle entry and exit. For each record, calculate the parking duration. Group the parking duration data (e.g., by 5-minute, 10-minute, etc. intervals) and count the number of vehicles in each group.

[0092] Step S22: updating parking lot status data in real time and drawing a parking time distribution curve of the current vehicle;

[0093] Explanation: Use IoT sensors to obtain parking lot status data in real time, including the occupancy status of each parking space and the timestamps of vehicle entry / exit, calculate the parking time of vehicles currently in the parking lot, draw a distribution curve of the current parking time, and display the current parking lot utilization;

[0094] Step S23: Building a parking space prediction model based on machine learning, the parking space prediction model can output the predicted number of vacant parking spaces in the future short time scale;

[0095] Step S24: input real-time data and prediction step length (e.g., 5 minutes or 10 minutes in the future), use the trained parking space prediction model, output the predicted number of free parking spaces in the future short time scale, and calculate the probability of at least one free parking space appearing in different prediction step lengths.

[0096] Explanation: The acquisition process of the parking space prediction model is as follows:

[0097] Data preparation: Organize historical data and real-time data, including vehicle parking duration, parking lot occupancy rate, and time characteristics (such as day of the week, time period, and holidays);

[0098] Model selection: Select a suitable machine learning algorithm to build an initial parking space prediction model, such as a neural network, support vector machine, or random forest. In the embodiment of the present invention, a neural network is selected;

[0099] Model training: Use historical data to train the parking space prediction model so that the parking space prediction model can learn the relationship between the parking lot status and the number of free parking spaces. During the training process, adjust the parking space prediction model parameters to improve the prediction accuracy and output the trained parking space prediction model.

[0100] Furthermore, the prediction result of the parking space prediction model is the number of vacant parking spaces under the prediction step, and the true value is the real data used to compare with the prediction result during the training process of the machine learning model; the loss function of the parking space prediction model is the mean square error or mean absolute error between the true value and the prediction result. The embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations on this, and it is sufficient to reflect the difference between the output of the parking space prediction model and the actual number of vacant parking spaces.

[0101] Explanation: The probability of having at least one free parking space within different prediction steps is obtained by simulating multiple predictions and counting the number of times free parking spaces are found: specifically, a simulation number (such as 100 times) can be set, and real-time data and prediction step length can be used for prediction each time. The number of times a free parking space is found is counted, and then the ratio of this number to the total number of simulations is calculated as the probability of finding a free parking space within the prediction step.

[0102] Summary: Example 2 of the present invention proposes a parking lot monitoring and management system based on intelligent assisted decision-making. By integrating an intelligent assisted decision-making module, it can obtain the current cumulative parking curve of vehicles in the parking lot, and based on the curve and the parking space prediction model, predict the probability of at least one vacant parking space appearing in different time steps in the future, which helps to improve the parking lot management efficiency and user parking experience, optimize the parking lot operation strategy, and improve the utilization rate and turnover rate of parking spaces.

[0103] Example 3, see Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a parking lot, which is different from the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 in that it also includes:

[0104] In the parking lot information monitoring module, the parking lot operation data is obtained through the monitoring equipment, and the parking lot operation data also includes: gate operation data, parking status information and channel occupancy information;

[0105] The area division module is used to divide the collected data into several time areas according to the time period and number them. There are n time areas, and i represents the sequential number of the time area;

[0106] The gate operation data analysis module is used to analyze the gate operation data in each time period and obtain the gate control reliability index;

[0107] The parking status information analysis module is used to analyze the parking status information and channel occupancy information in each time zone to obtain the parking standard evaluation index;

[0108] Intelligent alarm module, used to warn of parking lot abnormal information, including real-time alarm unit and performance risk alarm unit. The real-time alarm unit is used to notify managers and users about entrance and exit congestion and abnormal parking;

[0109] Explanation: If the entrance and exit passages are occupied for a long time or the speed of traffic slows down significantly, it is considered that there is a congestion; abnormal parking is detected by analyzing the parking status information. If the vehicle is parked in a non-designated area or violates the parking rules (such as reverse parking, parking on the line, occupying the parking lot passage), it is considered that there is an abnormal parking situation;

[0110] The performance risk warning unit issues a risk warning to the manager based on the gate control reliability index and the parking specification evaluation index.

[0111] Explanation: If the gate control reliability index is lower than the preset threshold, or the parking standard assessment index is continuously high (indicating that irregular parking occurs frequently), it indicates that the parking lot has potential performance risk or management risk, and an early warning notification is issued to the manager. These early warning notifications help managers to discover and solve problems in a timely manner, thereby improving the operation efficiency and safety of the parking lot;

[0112] When the gate control reliability index is lower than the set threshold, it will remind the manager that the gate may be faulty or abnormal and needs to be repaired or replaced in time;

[0113] When the parking standard assessment index is lower than the threshold, it prompts the manager that there is an abnormality in the parking operation and may need to strengthen the parking standard management, such as increasing monitoring efforts, setting clearer parking signs, and handling abnormal vehicles occupying the road to ensure that the passage is unobstructed.

[0114] What needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention is that when dividing, the difference in the parking lot congestion level in the time zone is considered to minimize the difference in the parking lot congestion level in each time zone, and the average parking lot congestion level corresponding to each time zone is recorded.

[0115] It needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention that the gate control reliability index is obtained in the following manner:

[0116] By analyzing the barrier operation information in the i-th time zone, we can obtain the barrier recognition accuracy ds, the average license plate information recognition speed dv, the average response speed dx and the barrier fault information. The barrier fault information includes: the number of abnormal barrier freezes q and the cumulative freeze duration T d ;

[0117] The gate control reliability index is calculated by the following formula:

[0118] Among them, dv_y represents the preset license plate information recognition speed, and dx_y represents the preset response speed.

[0119] It needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention that the parking standard evaluation index is obtained in the following manner:

[0120] Assume that among the parking behaviors in the i-th time zone, there are m abnormal parking behaviors, and the abnormal parking behaviors refer to parking behaviors that occupy more than half of the parking lot road width or the adjacent parking space area;

[0121] Get the cumulative parking space area loss and channel loss area in the i-th time zone, denoted as A s , A t ;

[0122] Explanation: Due to abnormal parking behavior, some parking spaces may not be effectively used. The sum of the areas of unusable parking spaces is calculated to obtain the parking space area loss. Abnormal parking behavior may also occupy or block the passages in the parking lot, affecting the normal passage of vehicles. The sum of the areas of blocked or occupied passages is calculated to obtain the passage loss area.

[0123] Use A ta Represents the total area of ​​all available parking spaces in the area, used to normalize the area loss;

[0124] The parking standard evaluation index is calculated by the following formula:

[0125] Among them, k represents the adjustment coefficient of the number of abnormal parking behaviors, which is used to control the influence of m on the evaluation index and is determined according to actual conditions.

[0126] It needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention that the monitoring and management system for parking lot further includes a parking lot satisfaction evaluation module.

[0127] The parking lot satisfaction evaluation module is used to obtain the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient corresponding to the user, including:

[0128] The predicted arrival time of the user at the parking lot is obtained as the prediction step length, and the probability that there is at least one free parking space when the user arrives at the parking lot is recorded as , where yt represents the prediction step length and “1” means there is at least one free parking space;

[0129] The gate control reliability index, parking specification evaluation index and the probability that there is at least one vacant parking space when the user arrives at the parking lot are jointly analyzed, and the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient Ft is calculated by the following formula;

[0130] Among them, qi represents the weight coefficient of the i-th time zone, and the ratio of the number of vehicle inflows in the i-th time zone to the cumulative number of vehicle inflows represents the weight coefficient qi.

[0131] What needs to be further explained in the embodiment of the present invention is that the user determines whether to choose to go to the corresponding parking lot based on the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient.

[0132] Summary: The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention takes into account the gate control reliability index of the parking lot, the parking specification evaluation index and the probability that there is at least one vacant parking space when the user arrives at the parking lot, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the parking lot satisfaction coefficient of the parking lot, which is conducive to more accurately reflecting the overall situation of the parking lot, avoiding the limitation of a single indicator, and helping to improve the service level of the parking lot and enhance the user's parking experience; through the early warning terminal, early warning prompts are given for situations where parking requirements are not met. The integration of functions makes the overall function of the system more complete and can meet more diversified parking lot management needs.

[0133] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot, characterized in that: include: The vehicle information collection module is used to collect vehicle information including vehicle size information, entry and exit time, parking waiting time, and departure waiting time; The parking lot information monitoring module is used to monitor the parking lot operation information and mark the parking lot status information, including occupied and free parking spaces; The parking lot operation information includes: total parking spaces in the parking lot, available parking spaces, real-time parking waiting time, and real-time exit waiting time; The parking scene analysis module is used to determine whether the current scene is in a parking peak scene. If it is in a parking peak scene, the parking guidance service instruction is started; the parking guidance module is used to provide parking guidance information for vehicles, display the available parking space information through a visual display platform, and provide navigation; The intelligent auxiliary decision-making module is used to obtain the current cumulative parking curve of the parking lot, and obtain the probability of at least one free parking space appearing in different prediction steps based on the current cumulative parking curve and the parking space prediction model, and display the probability on the interface of the parking lot management system or provide it to the user as a reference; the probability is obtained in the following way: Step S21, by statistically analyzing historical data, the distribution of vehicle parking time is calculated, and a cumulative probability distribution curve is drawn, where the horizontal axis represents the parking time, and the vertical axis represents the proportion of vehicles whose parking time does not exceed the time interval; Step S22: updating parking lot status data in real time and drawing a parking time distribution curve of the current vehicle; Step S23: building a parking space prediction model based on machine learning, the parking space prediction model can output the predicted number of free parking spaces in the future short time scale; the acquisition process of the parking space prediction model is: sorting historical data and real-time data, including vehicle parking time, parking lot occupancy rate, and time characteristics, the time characteristics at least include day of the week, time period, and holidays; building an initial parking space prediction model based on a machine learning algorithm; using historical data to train the initial parking space prediction model, so that the parking space prediction model can learn the relationship between the parking lot status and the number of free parking spaces, and during the training process, adjusting the parking space prediction model parameters to improve the prediction accuracy, and outputting the trained parking space prediction model; Step S24: input real-time data and prediction step length, use the trained parking space prediction model, output the predicted number of free parking spaces in the future short time scale, and calculate the probability of at least one free parking space appearing in different prediction step lengths.

2. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the parking peak scenario is as follows: Get the total number of parking spaces and real-time free parking spaces in the parking lot, denoted as cz and ck respectively; Get the real-time parking waiting time and real-time departure waiting time, recorded as td and lt respectively; The parking lot congestion degree Pcd is calculated by the following formula; Among them, max (·) is used to take the maximum value of the value in the brackets, Form (·) is used to perform linear normalization on the content in the brackets so that the value in the brackets is in the range of 0-1, td_avg and lt_avg represent the average parking waiting time and the average departure waiting time respectively; α and β are weight coefficients, which are used to adjust the impact of real-time parking waiting time and real-time departure waiting time on the congestion degree parameters, and are adjusted according to actual conditions; When the parking lot congestion level Pcd exceeds the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding scene is in a parking peak scene.

3. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the idle parking space is as follows: Based on the vehicle size information and the free parking space information, obtain the free parking space corresponding to the vehicle; Based on the free parking space information and environment information, the free parking space is corrected in size to obtain the actual acceptable size information; Based on the acceptable vehicle size information and the vehicle size information, an available parking space for the vehicle is obtained.

4. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of the vehicle selecting and heading for an available parking space, the parking space status is continuously monitored to ensure that the selected parking space is still available when the vehicle arrives; if the parking space status changes, the parking space information on the visual display platform is updated in a timely manner, and a new available parking space is provided for the vehicle.

5. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: In the parking lot information monitoring module, the parking lot operation data is obtained through the monitoring equipment, and the parking lot operation data also includes: gate operation data, parking status information and channel occupancy information; The area division module is used to divide the collected data into several time areas according to the time period and number them. There are n time areas, and i represents the sequential number of the time area; The gate operation data analysis module is used to analyze the gate operation data in each time period and obtain the gate control reliability index; The parking status information analysis module is used to analyze the parking status information and channel occupancy information in each time zone to obtain the parking standard evaluation index; The intelligent alarm module is used to warn of abnormal parking lot information, including a real-time alarm unit and a performance risk alarm unit. The real-time alarm unit is used to notify managers and users about blocked entrances and exits and abnormal parking; the performance risk alarm unit issues risk warnings to managers based on the gate control reliability index and the parking specification evaluation index.

6. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gate control reliability index is obtained as follows: By analyzing the barrier operation information in the i-th time zone, we can obtain the barrier recognition accuracy ds, the average license plate information recognition speed dv, the average response speed dx and the barrier fault information. The barrier fault information includes: the number of abnormal barrier freezes q and the cumulative freeze duration T d ; The gate control reliability index is calculated by the following formula: Among them, dv_y represents the preset license plate information recognition speed, and dx_y represents the preset response speed.

7. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot according to claim 6, characterized in that: The parking specification evaluation index is obtained as follows: Assume that among the parking behaviors in the i-th time zone, there are m abnormal parking behaviors, and the abnormal parking behaviors refer to parking behaviors that occupy more than half of the parking lot road width or the adjacent parking space area; Get the cumulative parking space area loss and channel loss area in the i-th time zone, denoted as A s , A t ; Use A ta Represents the total area of ​​all available parking spaces in the area, used to normalize the area loss; The parking standard evaluation index is calculated by the following formula: Among them, k represents the adjustment coefficient of the number of abnormal parking behaviors, which is used to control the influence of m on the evaluation index and is determined according to actual conditions.

8. A monitoring and management system for a parking lot according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a parking lot satisfaction assessment module. The parking lot satisfaction evaluation module is used to obtain the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient corresponding to the user, including: The predicted arrival time of the user at the parking lot is obtained as the prediction step length, and the probability that there is at least one free parking space when the user arrives at the parking lot is recorded as , where yt represents the prediction step length, and "1" means there is at least one free parking space; The gate control reliability index, parking specification evaluation index and the probability that there is at least one vacant parking space when the user arrives at the parking lot are jointly analyzed, and the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient Ft is calculated by the following formula; Among them, qi represents the weight coefficient of the i-th time zone, and the ratio of the number of vehicle inflows in the i-th time zone to the cumulative number of vehicle inflows represents the weight coefficient qi; The user determines whether to go to the corresponding parking lot based on the parking lot satisfaction evaluation coefficient.

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