Method and device for inversion of hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data

Abstract

The present application discloses a method and device for inverting hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data, which relates to the field of hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion. The vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer is calculated according to the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer are determined according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration. The ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species can be accurately calculated on the basis of simultaneously considering the influence of physical diffusion and chemical consumption. In addition, in the present invention, a more realistic average concentration of OH radicals in the daytime boundary layer is obtained based on the calculation of the vertical distribution data of the target hydrocarbon species, and the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species in the study area is more accurately inverted and calculated on the basis of considering the entrainment contribution flux at the top of the boundary layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion, and in particular to a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method and device based on vertical observation data. Background Art

[0002] Hydrocarbon species are important components of volatile organic compounds in the ambient atmosphere. They are chemically active and mainly come from direct emissions from ground sources such as motor vehicles, factory exhaust and vegetation. After entering the atmosphere, they undergo oxidation reactions with atmospheric oxidants such as OH radicals, NO3 radicals and ozone and are quickly removed. They play an important regulatory role in the composition and changes of atmospheric oxidizability. Their oxidation degradation products are also important precursors of secondary pollutants such as ozone and secondary organic aerosols, playing an important role in the generation of secondary pollution in the regional atmosphere. In addition, many hydrocarbon components are also significantly toxic, irritating, teratogenic and carcinogenic, which can pose a serious threat to human health. Up to now, most hydrocarbon components in the ambient atmosphere are mainly emitted by anthropogenic sources, and their emission intensity is closely related to human activities. The emission intensity during the daytime period is much greater than that at night. For natural source emissions, their emission intensity generally has a strong dependence on light and temperature, and the emission intensity during the daytime is also much higher than that at night. Therefore, accurately calculating the emission flux of hydrocarbon species in the region during the day is an important basis for compiling a more accurate dynamic emission inventory of hydrocarbon species and formulating refined secondary pollution prevention and control strategies.

[0003] In addition to compiling source emission inventories and using the eddy covariance method for direct measurement, the emission flux of hydrocarbon species in the region is currently mainly calculated based on vertical observation data of hydrocarbon species in a certain height space. For the inversion calculation of the daytime emission flux of vertical observation data of hydrocarbon species, the mixing layer gradient method and the boundary layer budget method are currently mainly used. The mixing layer gradient method calculates the ground emission flux based on the vertical distribution gradient of hydrocarbon species in the convective mixing layer, but its calculation process does not consider the important influence of chemical consumption on the vertical gradient change of hydrocarbon species, especially for hydrocarbon species with higher activity. Therefore, the emission flux results of hydrocarbon species calculated during the daytime period using the mixing layer gradient method have great uncertainty. The boundary layer budget method calculates the emission flux of ground sources based on the budget balance principle of hydrocarbon species concentration in the entire atmospheric boundary layer. However, due to the limitations of existing observation technology, it is usually difficult to obtain continuous observation data of hydrocarbon species concentration at the entire daytime boundary layer height. Therefore, it is necessary to use a suitable method to obtain the vertical distribution change of hydrocarbon species at the entire boundary layer height based on the existing observation data at the height. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and device for inverting the emission flux of hydrocarbon species based on vertical observation data, which can accurately invert and calculate the ground emission flux and change law of hydrocarbon species during the daytime period based on the vertical observation data of hydrocarbon species within a certain spatial height range.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for inverting hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data, comprising:

[0007] Obtain daytime vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements and daytime boundary layer height observation data within a preset vertical height space in the study area; the preset vertical height is less than the daytime boundary layer height;

[0008] According to the vertical observation data of meteorological elements, data preprocessing is performed on the vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration to obtain the preprocessed vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration; the vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration refers to the daytime vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration; the vertical observation data of meteorological elements refers to the daytime vertical observation data of meteorological elements;

[0009] The vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer is calculated based on the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer are determined based on the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration; the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration refers to the concentration relationship between the observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration; the diffusion dilution influence parameter refers to the influence of atmospheric diffusion dilution on the concentration change during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; the chemical consumption influence parameter refers to the exposure amount of OH free radicals during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer;

[0010] The vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals are calculated according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day; the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species refers to the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on the vertical scale; the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals refers to the average concentration of the OH free radicals on the vertical scale;

[0011] According to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of the OH radicals, the surface emission flux of the hydrocarbon species is inverted to obtain the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the surface deposition flux and the total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species;

[0012] The ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species is calculated according to the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the ground deposition flux and the total chemical consumption.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion device based on vertical observation data, comprising:

[0014] A vertical observation data acquisition module is used to obtain daytime vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements in a preset vertical height space of the study area and daytime boundary layer height observation data; the preset vertical height is less than the daytime boundary layer height;

[0015] The data quality control and screening module is used to perform data preprocessing on the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration according to the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements, and obtain the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after preprocessing; the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the meteorological elements;

[0016] A data fitting module, for calculating the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and determining the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration; the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration refers to the concentration relationship between the observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration; the diffusion dilution influence parameter refers to the influence of atmospheric diffusion dilution on the concentration change during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; the chemical consumption influence parameter refers to the exposure amount of OH free radicals during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer;

[0017] The species concentration calculation module in the boundary layer is used to calculate the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day; the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species refers to the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on the vertical scale; the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals refers to the average concentration of the OH free radicals on the vertical scale;

[0018] An inversion module is used to perform a surface emission flux inversion of hydrocarbon species according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals, and obtain the horizontal transport flux, boundary layer top entrainment flux, ground deposition flux and total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species;

[0019] The surface emission flux calculation module is used to calculate the surface emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species according to the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the surface deposition flux and the total chemical consumption.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for inverting hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data.

[0022] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data.

[0023] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] The present application provides a method and device for inverting the emission flux of hydrocarbon species based on vertical observation data. The vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer is calculated according to the preprocessed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer are determined according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration, and then the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species is calculated. The present invention can accurately calculate the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species on the basis of simultaneously considering the influence of physical diffusion and chemical consumption; in addition, in the present invention, a more realistic average concentration of OH radicals in the daytime boundary layer is obtained based on the calculation of the vertical distribution data of the target hydrocarbon species, and the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species in the study area is more accurately inverted and calculated on the basis of considering the contribution flux of the entrainment at the top of the boundary layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data in one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for inverting hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A technical roadmap for inversion of hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of calculating the parameters [OH]Δt and A between the ground and a height of 320m during the daytime period based on vertical gradient observation of a meteorological tower provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of parameterized characterization of the vertical diffusion and dilution effects of hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer based on vertical gradient observations of a meteorological tower provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of parameterized characterization of the influence of chemical consumption of hydrocarbon species in the vertical direction in the daytime boundary layer based on vertical gradient observation of a meteorological tower provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of vertical distribution profiles of observed and calculated values ​​of isoprene concentration in the daytime boundary layer based on vertical gradient observation of a meteorological tower provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of functional modules of a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion device based on vertical observation data provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0037] The hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to Figure 1In the application environment shown. Among them, the terminal communicates with the server through the network. The data storage system can store the data that the server needs to process. The data storage system can be set up separately, integrated on the server, or placed on the cloud or other servers. The terminal can send the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements in the preset vertical height space in the study area and the daytime boundary layer height observation data to the server. After the server receives the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements in the preset vertical height space in the study area and the daytime boundary layer height observation data, the server performs data preprocessing on the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration according to the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements to obtain the preprocessed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; calculate the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer according to the preprocessed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and determine the diffusion and dilution of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration. The fitting results of the influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters; the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals are calculated according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day; the ground emission flux of the hydrocarbon species is inverted according to the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after pretreatment, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of the OH radical, and the horizontal transport flux, boundary layer top entrainment flux, ground deposition flux and total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species are obtained; the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species is calculated according to the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the ground deposition flux and the total chemical consumption. The server can feed back the obtained ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species to the terminal. In addition, in some embodiments, the hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data can also be implemented independently by a server or a terminal. For example, the terminal can directly perform emission flux inversion processing on the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements in a preset vertical height space within the study area, as well as the daytime boundary layer height observation data. The server can also obtain the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements in a preset vertical height space within the study area, as well as the daytime boundary layer height observation data from the data storage system, and perform emission flux inversion processing.

[0038] The terminals may be, but are not limited to, various desktop computers, laptops, smart phones, tablet computers, IoT devices and portable wearable devices. IoT devices may be smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart car-mounted devices, etc. Portable wearable devices may be smart watches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc. The server may be implemented as an independent server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers, or a cloud server.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data is provided. The method is executed by a computer device, and can be executed by a computer device such as a terminal or a server alone, or by a terminal and a server together. In the embodiment of the present application, the method is applied to Figure 1 The server in is taken as an example to illustrate, including the following steps 101 to 106.

[0040] Step 101, obtaining daytime vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements and daytime boundary layer height observation data within a preset vertical height space within the study area; the preset vertical height is less than the daytime boundary layer height.

[0041] Step 102, preprocess the target hydrocarbon species concentration vertical observation data according to the meteorological element vertical observation data to obtain the preprocessed target hydrocarbon species concentration vertical observation data. The target hydrocarbon species concentration vertical observation data refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; the meteorological element vertical observation data refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the meteorological element.

[0042] Step 103, calculating the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and determining the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration; the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration refers to the concentration relationship between the observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration; the diffusion dilution influence parameter refers to the influence of atmospheric diffusion dilution on the concentration change during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; the chemical consumption influence parameter refers to the exposure amount of OH free radicals during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer.

[0043] Step 104, calculate the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day; the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species refers to the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on the vertical scale; the vertical average concentration of OH radicals refers to the average concentration of the OH radicals on the vertical scale.

[0044] Step 105, performing a surface emission flux inversion of hydrocarbon species based on the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals, and obtaining the horizontal transport flux, boundary layer top entrainment flux, surface deposition flux and total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species.

[0045] Step 106, calculating the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species according to the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the ground deposition flux and the total chemical consumption.

[0046] By implementing the above-mentioned steps 101 to 106, the present invention constructs a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data based on the balance theory of the income and expenditure contribution of hydrocarbon species in the boundary layer. The method can use the hydrocarbon species observation data at a limited height to calculate and obtain the vertical distribution profile of the target hydrocarbon species concentration in the entire daytime boundary layer on the basis of simultaneously considering the effects of physical diffusion and chemical consumption; obtain a more realistic average concentration of OH radicals in the daytime boundary layer based on the vertical distribution data of the hydrocarbon species; and more accurately invert and calculate the ground emission flux of hydrocarbon species in the target area on the basis of considering the entrainment contribution flux at the top of the boundary layer.

[0047] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, step 101 is a step for acquiring vertical observation data, which includes observations of target hydrocarbon species concentrations and meteorological elements, providing vertical observation data of hydrocarbon species concentrations and meteorological elements within a certain vertical height space (e.g., 0-320m) for subsequent data quality control and screening (data preprocessing) and subsequent calculations of species concentrations within the boundary layer.

[0048] The preset height space refers to the vertical space distance between the ground and a certain point in the sky, which is much smaller than the maximum height of the daytime boundary layer. In this embodiment, taking an observation experiment based on a meteorological tower as an example, sampling pipelines are built at six heights of the meteorological tower, namely, 5m, 47m, 102m, 200m, and 320m, and the maximum observation height is 320m.

[0049] The observation of hydrocarbon species concentration is carried out by using a single or combined technical method, which can observe and obtain vertical gradient observation data of hydrocarbon species concentration in a certain vertical height space. In this embodiment, it refers to the continuous observation data of olefin and aromatic hydrocarbon species concentration at the above six heights obtained by measuring using a proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS for short), and the time resolution of the observation data can be less than 10s.

[0050] The hydrocarbon species mainly include non-methane components such as alkanes, olefins, and aromatics. In this embodiment, it refers to aromatic hydrocarbon components such as benzene, toluene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, styrene, and olefin components such as isoprene and monoterpene obtained by proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry.

[0051] Meteorological element observation is to use a single or combined technology to obtain vertical observation data of meteorological elements such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, etc. in a certain vertical height space, as well as boundary layer height observation data. Taking the observation experiment based on a meteorological iron tower as an example, meteorological element measurement instruments are placed at 13 heights of the meteorological iron tower to continuously measure and record the observation data of temperature, humidity and air pressure; cloud height meters are used to continuously measure and record boundary layer height data.

[0052] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the data quality control and screening steps include hydrocarbon species concentration quality control and flux inversion period screening, which can provide time periods and high-quality vertical observation data sets that meet the requirements of hydrocarbon species ground emission flux inversion for species concentration calculations in the daytime boundary layer and hydrocarbon species emission flux calculations.

[0053] The quality control of hydrocarbon species concentration includes abnormal data removal and meteorological influence calibration, providing accurate vertical observation data for flux inversion period screening.

[0054] Abnormal data removal is to remove negative values, zero values, abnormal maximum or minimum values, or other types of abnormal data points of hydrocarbon species concentration observations from the entire observation data set based on the observation technology or the operating characteristics of the overall observation system. Taking the hydrocarbon species concentration data obtained by using PTR-ToF-MS and pipeline drainage on a certain meteorological tower as an example, the observed hydrocarbon species concentration is continuous in time, and when switching between different heights, the sample gas between pipelines at different heights will cross-interfere, resulting in the need to delete the hydrocarbon species concentration data before and after the pipeline switching.

[0055] Meteorological influence calibration is to calibrate the concentration of hydrocarbon components using vertical observation data of meteorological elements to the response characteristics of the corresponding observation technology of specific hydrocarbon species for sampling to changes in atmospheric temperature, humidity, air pressure and other meteorological elements, and eliminate the impact of changes in meteorological elements in time and vertical space on the observation data of hydrocarbon species concentration. Taking the isoprene concentration observed by PTR-ToF-MS as an example, when the ambient atmospheric humidity changes, the response factor of PTR-ToF-MS to isoprene will also change. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the response relationship of the PTR-ToF-MS instrument signal to the change of sample gas humidity under laboratory conditions, and use this to perform humidity calibration on the hydrocarbon species concentration observed by PTR-ToF-MS.

[0056] After conducting quality control on the observation data of hydrocarbon species concentrations, it is necessary to further screen the time periods that meet the requirements for flux inversion, including eliminating precipitation effects and transport effects.

[0057] Among them, the elimination of precipitation effects is based on the precipitation record data during the vertical observation experiment. The hydrocarbon species and meteorological element observation data on the observation day when the precipitation event occurred are deleted from the corresponding vertical observation data set. The data during this period are not suitable for calculating the ground emission flux of hydrocarbon species.

[0058] The elimination of transport effects is to identify whether significant pollutant transport processes occur in the boundary layer and free troposphere atmosphere based on the vertical distribution or daily variation characteristics of the concentrations of hydrocarbon species or other chemical components during the vertical observation experiment, and delete the hydrocarbon species and meteorological element observation data on the observation day when significant pollutant horizontal transport events occur from the corresponding vertical observation data set.

[0059] Among them, the significant horizontal transport process of pollutants refers to the presence of an abnormally high value of air mass with hydrocarbon species concentration in the free troposphere atmosphere immediately above the boundary layer above the study area, which can enter the interior of the boundary layer through vertical atmospheric movement or during the expansion of the boundary layer, thereby affecting the balance of payments of hydrocarbon species in the boundary layer. In this embodiment, taking isoprene concentration as an example, when the vertical distribution characteristics of isoprene concentration in the atmospheric boundary layer change from a negative gradient vertical distribution structure to a positive gradient vertical distribution structure or to a complex vertical layered structure, it indicates that the concentration of hydrocarbon species in the boundary layer during the observation period is affected by a significant horizontal transport process, and the observation data of the day need to be eliminated from the entire observation data set.

[0060] When there is a significant pollutant transport process in the free troposphere, the emission flux calculation of hydrocarbon species cannot be carried out due to the lack of vertical observation data of relevant chemical components in the free troposphere; or, an abnormally high value of hydrocarbon species concentration appears in the boundary layer above the study area, resulting in a vertical distribution structure in which the hydrocarbon species concentration increases with increasing altitude. When there is a significant pollutant transport process in the free troposphere, the vertical average concentration of OH radicals in the boundary layer cannot be effectively calculated, resulting in the inability to carry out the emission flux calculation of hydrocarbon species.

[0061] Therefore, step 102, based on the vertical observation data of meteorological elements, performs data preprocessing on the vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration to obtain the preprocessed vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration, specifically includes:

[0062] (21) Eliminating abnormal values ​​in the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration to obtain the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after elimination.

[0063] (22) Utilizing the response characteristics of the target hydrocarbon species concentration observation technology to the change of meteorological elements and the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements, the meteorological impact calibration is performed on the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after elimination to obtain the calibrated vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration.

[0064] (23) Deleting the precipitation-affected observation data from the calibrated vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration to obtain the vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration after the precipitation effect has been deleted; the precipitation-affected observation data refers to the target hydrocarbon species concentration observation data on the observation day when the precipitation event occurs.

[0065] (24) Deleting the transport impact observation data in the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after the precipitation impact is deleted, and obtaining the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after the preprocessing; the transport impact observation data refers to the target hydrocarbon species concentration observation data on the observation day when a significant horizontal transport event of pollutants occurs; the occurrence of a significant horizontal transport event of pollutants refers to the occurrence of an abnormal air mass with a target hydrocarbon species concentration in the atmosphere of the free troposphere above the daytime boundary layer, and the abnormal air mass enters the free troposphere through the vertical movement of the atmosphere or the expansion process of the boundary layer.

[0066] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, after the data quality control and flux inversion period are determined, the species concentration calculation in the daytime boundary layer is carried out, including the characterization of vertical changes of hydrocarbon species, the calculation of vertical average concentration of hydrocarbon species concentration, and the calculation of vertical average concentration of OH radicals. According to the vertical observation data set provided by the data quality control and screening step that meets the requirements of hydrocarbon species emission flux calculation, the concentration distribution of hydrocarbon species in the vertical direction in the boundary layer is parameterized, and the average concentration of hydrocarbon species and OH radicals on the vertical scale in the daytime boundary layer is provided for the calculation of hydrocarbon species emission flux.

[0067] Among them, the characterization of vertical changes of hydrocarbon species is mainly the parameterization of vertical gradient of concentration, which includes parameterization of diffusion dilution effect and parameterization of chemical consumption effect. The parameterization of vertical gradient of concentration is based on the vertical observation data of hydrocarbon species to parameterize the change between the observed concentration of hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration, as shown in formula (1).

[0068]

[0069] The left side of the equation in formula (1) is Indicates hydrocarbon species R At height h The right side of the equation in formula (1) is Indicates hydrocarbon species R At ground level S The concentration observation data on A h Indicates hydrocarbon species R Transmission from ground to altitude h The role of atmospheric diffusion and dilution in the concentration change during the process, dimensionless units; Indicates hydrocarbon species R Transmission from ground to altitude h The exposure of OH radicals during the process is used to characterize the role of chemical consumption in the change of hydrocarbon species concentration between the two altitudes; k OH-R Indicates hydrocarbon species R The reaction rate constant with OH radicals.

[0070] The parameter A in formula (1) h and Through the height h The ratio of the observed concentration of all hydrocarbon species at each time during the day to their observed concentration on the ground is obtained by fitting using formula (2).

[0071]

[0072] Formula (2) is obtained by replacing the right-hand side of Formula (1) with By using formula (2), we can fit the A at each observation height at different times during the day. h and , providing data support for the parameterized characterization of diffusion dilution effects and chemical consumption effects. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, based on the mean value of hydrocarbon species concentration during the day in the flux inversion period of a meteorological tower during the entire observation experiment, the fitting is performed using formula (2) to obtain the peaks between 5m and 320m. for , A 320m It is 0.86.

[0073] The parameterization of the diffusion dilution effect is to use a suitable fitting method according to the actual situation to obtain the A at each observation height obtained by formula (2). h The data were further fitted to obtain the A at different times in the daytime boundary layer. h The parameterization scheme that varies with height is shown in formula (3).

[0074]

[0075] Among them, the right side of the equation in formula (3) is represents the A in the daytime boundary layer obtained using a suitable fitting method h Parameterization scheme that varies with height. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, based on the average value of hydrocarbon species concentration between 12:00 and 14:00 during the daytime in the flux inversion period of a meteorological tower during the entire observation experiment, the data between different heights and 5m are fitted to the A values ​​at 4 heights using formula (2). Assuming that the A value at 5m is 1, the exponential fitting method is used to obtain the calculated values ​​of A at 5 heights. .

[0076] The parameterized characterization of the chemical consumption effect is to use an appropriate fitting method according to the actual situation to obtain the chemical consumption effect at each observation height through formula (2). The data were further fitted to obtain the data at different times in the daytime boundary layer. The parameterization scheme that varies with height is shown in formula (4).

[0077]

[0078] The right side of the equation in formula (3) represents the A in the daytime boundary layer obtained using a suitable fitting method h Parameterization scheme that varies with height. Figure 6As shown in the figure, based on the average value of hydrocarbon species concentration between 12:00 and 14:00 during the daytime in the flux inversion period of a meteorological tower during the entire observation experiment, the data between different heights and 5m are fitted to the four heights using formula (2). Value, assuming 5m height The value is 0, and then the exponential fitting method is used based on the calculated values ​​of A at 5 heights to obtain .

[0079] Therefore, step 103, calculating the concentration vertical gradient relationship of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer according to the pre-processed target hydrocarbon species concentration vertical observation data, and determining the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer according to the concentration vertical gradient relationship, specifically includes:

[0080] (31) Calculate the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer based on the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, that is, formula (1).

[0081] (32) The ratio between the observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration is determined based on the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration, i.e., formula (2).

[0082] (33) The diffusion dilution influence parameter and the chemical consumption influence parameter at the corresponding height are obtained by fitting the ratio relationship at different times at the same height.

[0083] (34) The diffusion dilution influence parameter and the chemical consumption influence parameter at each height are fitted respectively to obtain the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameter and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influence parameter, namely, formula (3) and formula (4).

[0084] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, when considering the vertical distribution changes of hydrocarbon species concentrations in the boundary layer, the current existing inversion methods are mainly based on the vertical distribution characteristics of hydrocarbon species at existing observation heights, and use a certain mathematical method to directly perform fitting calculations, without considering the impact of physical diffusion and chemical consumption processes in the actual ambient atmosphere on the vertical distribution changes of hydrocarbon species concentrations. This may lead to a large deviation between the vertical distribution profile of hydrocarbon species concentrations obtained by fitting and the actual situation. In the present invention, it is possible to use hydrocarbon species observation data at a limited height to calculate and obtain the vertical distribution profile of the target hydrocarbon species concentration in the entire daytime boundary layer on the basis of considering the effects of physical diffusion and chemical consumption. Specifically, based on the concentration data of hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day, formula (3) and formula (4) are used to calculate the vertical distribution profile of the target hydrocarbon species concentration.R The parameterization scheme for the vertical profile of concentration in the daytime boundary layer is shown in equation (5).

[0085]

[0086] Using formula (5) and the isoprene concentration measured at a height of 5 m, the vertical distribution profile of isoprene concentration in the boundary layer between 12:00 and 14:00 during the day can be calculated, as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0087] The vertical average concentration of hydrocarbon species is calculated by using the vertical profile of hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer provided by formula (5) to calculate its average concentration on the vertical scale.

[0088] When evaluating the chemical consumption of hydrocarbon components in the daytime boundary layer, the existing methods generally assume the concentration of OH radicals in the boundary layer, or calculate the average OH radical concentration in the boundary layer based on numerical models, which lacks effective verification of the concentration level of OH radicals in the real ambient atmosphere. In the present invention, a more realistic average concentration of OH radicals in the daytime boundary layer is obtained based on the vertical distribution data of hydrocarbon species. Specifically, the vertical average concentration of OH radicals is calculated by calculating the average concentration of OH radicals on the vertical scale in the boundary layer, using formula (6) for calculation.

[0089]

[0090] The left side of equation (6) express t The average concentration of OH radicals on the vertical scale in the boundary layer at time t; the right side of equation (6) It is calculated using formula (4) t The exposure of OH radicals in the process of hydrocarbon species from the ground to the top of the boundary layer under the action of turbulent vertical transport at any time; the right-hand side term of the equation express t The turbulent transport time from the ground to the top of the boundary layer H at time t can be calculated using the dynamic time warping method (DTW) based on the potential temperature or absolute humidity at two target heights, or it can be calculated based on the ground sensible heat flux and potential temperature.

[0091] Therefore, step 104, calculating the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day, specifically includes:

[0092] (41) The vertical profile of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer is calculated based on the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the daytime, i.e., formula (5).

[0093] (42) Calculate the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on a vertical scale based on the vertical profile of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer to obtain the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species.

[0094] (43) Based on the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters, the OH radical exposure of the target hydrocarbon species in the process of reaching the top of the daytime boundary layer from the ground under the action of turbulent vertical transport at time t is calculated.

[0095] (44) The average concentration of OH radicals on the vertical scale in the boundary layer is calculated based on the exposure of the target hydrocarbon species to OH radicals in the process of reaching the top of the daytime boundary layer under the action of turbulent vertical transport at time t, and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals is obtained, that is, formula (6).

[0096] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, in the hydrocarbon species emission flux step, the vertical observation data of hydrocarbon species provided by the data quality control and screening step and the species concentration calculation step in the boundary layer, as well as the average concentration of hydrocarbon species and OH radicals on the vertical scale in the boundary layer are used to carry out the inversion of the ground emission flux of hydrocarbon species, specifically including the inversion of the horizontal transport flux of hydrocarbon species, the entrainment flux at the top of the boundary layer, the ground deposition flux and the total chemical consumption.

[0097] The inversion of hydrocarbon species surface emission flux is based on the mass balance theory of hydrocarbon species in the boundary layer, assuming t At a time in an area of Hydrocarbon species in the region R The mass balance of hydrocarbon species R The emission flux can be calculated using formula (7).

[0098]

[0099] The left side term of equation (7) is express t Hydrocarbon species at the moment R The first term on the right side of equation (7) is express t Hydrocarbon species at various heights in the boundary layer at each moment R The integral of the concentration change, H express t The boundary layer height at time, expresst Time altitude h Hydrocarbon species R In the actual ambient atmosphere, it is assumed that hydrocarbon species R The concentration budget of is in a steady state, that is .

[0100] The second term on the right side of equation (7) express t Hydrocarbon species at various heights in the boundary layer at each moment R Horizontal transport flux; express t Time altitude h The horizontal wind speed on express t Time altitude h Hydrocarbon species in the direction parallel to the wind direction R In actual calculations, the average wind speed and hydrocarbon species in the boundary layer can be used. R The average concentration of horizontal transport flux The simplified calculation is shown in formula (8).

[0101]

[0102] In formula (8), the right side of the equation is express t The average vertical wind speed in the boundary layer at time express t The vertical average concentration of hydrocarbon species at time, Represents the average background concentration of hydrocarbon species.

[0103] The third term on the right side of equation (7) express t Hydrocarbon species at the moment R The entrainment flux at the top of the boundary layer is calculated using formula (9).

[0104]

[0105] The right side term of equation (9) express t The growth rate of the boundary layer height at the time can be expressed by the difference between the boundary layer heights at adjacent times. express t Hydrocarbon species at the height close to the top of the boundary layer at any time R The average concentration of

[0106] At present, the existing inversion methods generally ignore the entrainment flux of hydrocarbon species at the top of the boundary layer when using the boundary layer budget method to calculate the emission flux of hydrocarbon species, which further leads to the calculation deviation of the hydrocarbon species flux. In the present invention, on the basis of considering the entrainment contribution flux at the top of the boundary layer, the ground emission flux of hydrocarbon species in the target area is more accurately inverted and calculated.

[0107] The fourth term on the right side of equation (7) express t Hydrocarbon species at the moment R The ground subsidence flux can be obtained by consulting literature.

[0108] The fifth term on the right side of equation (7) express t Hydrocarbon species in the boundary layer at time R Total chemical consumption, express t Hydrocarbon species at the moment R At height h During the daytime, hydrocarbon species are mainly consumed by reactions with O3 and OH radicals, which can be calculated using formula (10).

[0109]

[0110] In formula (10), express t Time altitude h The OH radical concentration on express t Time altitude h O3 concentration on Indicates hydrocarbon species R The reaction rate constant between hydrocarbon species and O3 molecules. During the daytime, since the reaction rate between hydrocarbon species and O3 molecules is much lower than the reaction rate between hydrocarbon species and OH radicals, only the chemical consumption between hydrocarbon species and OH radicals can be considered. In the actual calculation process, the OH radical and hydrocarbon species provided by the boundary layer species concentration calculation step can be used. R The average concentration on the vertical scale in the boundary layer is the total chemical consumption term The simplified calculation is shown in formula (11).

[0111]

[0112] Substituting the results of formula (8)-formula (11) into formula (7), the hydrocarbon species at the spatial regional scale of interest can be calculated: R exist t The ground emission flux at the time.

[0113] Therefore, step 105, based on the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of the OH radicals, the surface emission flux of the hydrocarbon species is inverted to obtain the horizontal transport flux, boundary layer top entrainment flux, surface deposition flux and total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species, specifically including:

[0114] (51) Calculating the integral of the change in the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer at time t based on the preprocessed vertical observation data of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species.

[0115] (52) Calculate the horizontal transport flux of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daily boundary layer at time t based on the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the average value of the wind speed in the daily boundary layer at time t on the vertical scale.

[0116] (53) The entrainment flux of the target hydrocarbon species at the top of the boundary layer at time t is determined based on the growth rate of the daytime boundary layer height at time t and the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at the height close to the top of the daytime boundary layer at time t.

[0117] (54) Determining the ground deposition flux of the target hydrocarbon species according to the type of the target hydrocarbon species.

[0118] (55) The total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer at time t is calculated based on the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at time t and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals at time t.

[0119] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, for step 106, the integral of the change in concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer at time t, the horizontal transport flux of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer at time t, the boundary layer top entrainment flux of the target hydrocarbon species at time t, the ground deposition flux of the target hydrocarbon species and the total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer at time t calculated in step 105 are substituted into formula (7) to obtain the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species.

[0120] The present application also provides an application scenario, which applies the above-mentioned hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data. Specifically: the hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data provided in this embodiment can be applied in the compilation scenario of a dynamic emission inventory of hydrocarbon species. The scenario includes the steps of determining the inventory boundary, determining the key emission sources, determining the emission factors, determining the emission amounts, and determining the accounting methods. The hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data provided in this embodiment belongs to the accounting method determination step.

[0121] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a device for implementing the above-mentioned hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion based on vertical observation data. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above-mentioned method, so the specific limitations in the embodiments of one or more hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion devices based on vertical observation data provided below can be referred to the limitations of the hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data above, and will not be repeated here.

[0122] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion device based on vertical observation data is provided, comprising:

[0123] The vertical observation data acquisition module M1 is used to obtain the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements in the preset vertical height space of the study area and the daytime boundary layer height observation data; the preset vertical height is less than the daytime boundary layer height.

[0124] The data quality control and screening module M2 is used to perform data preprocessing on the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration according to the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements, and obtain the preprocessed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration. The vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the meteorological elements.

[0125] The data fitting module M3 is used to calculate the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and determine the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration; the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration refers to the concentration relationship between the observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration; the diffusion dilution influence parameter refers to the influence of atmospheric diffusion dilution on the concentration change during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; the chemical consumption influence parameter refers to the exposure amount of OH free radicals during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer.

[0126] The species concentration calculation module M4 in the boundary layer is used to calculate the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals based on the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day; the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species refers to the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on the vertical scale; the vertical average concentration of OH radicals refers to the average concentration of the OH radicals on the vertical scale.

[0127] The inversion module M5 is used to invert the ground emission flux of hydrocarbon species based on the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals, and obtain the horizontal transport flux, boundary layer top entrainment flux, ground deposition flux and total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species.

[0128] The ground emission flux calculation module M6 is used to calculate the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species according to the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the ground deposition flux and the total chemical consumption.

[0129] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server or a terminal. The internal structure diagram thereof may be as follows: Fig. 9 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store hydrocarbon species emission flux data. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data is implemented.

[0130] Those skilled in the art will understand that Fig. 9 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0131] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0132] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0134] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0135] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data, characterized in that: include: Obtain daytime vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements within a preset vertical height space within the study area, as well as daytime boundary layer height observation data; The preset vertical altitude is less than the daytime boundary layer altitude; According to the vertical observation data of meteorological elements, data preprocessing is performed on the vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration to obtain the preprocessed vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration; the vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration refers to the daytime vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration; the vertical observation data of meteorological elements refers to the daytime vertical observation data of meteorological elements; The vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer is calculated based on the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer are determined based on the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration; the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration refers to the concentration relationship between the observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration; the diffusion dilution influence parameter refers to the influence of atmospheric diffusion dilution on the concentration change during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; the chemical consumption influence parameter refers to the exposure amount of OH free radicals during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; The vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals are calculated according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day; the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species refers to the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on the vertical scale; the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals refers to the average concentration of the OH free radicals on the vertical scale; According to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of the OH radicals, the surface emission flux of the hydrocarbon species is inverted to obtain the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the surface deposition flux and the total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species; The ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species is calculated according to the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the ground deposition flux and the total chemical consumption.

2. The hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the vertical observation data of meteorological elements, the vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration is preprocessed to obtain the preprocessed vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration, which specifically includes: Eliminating abnormal values ​​in the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration to obtain the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after elimination; Using the response characteristics of the target hydrocarbon species concentration observation technology to the change of meteorological elements and the meteorological element vertical observation data, the meteorological impact calibration is performed on the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after elimination to obtain the calibrated vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; Deleting the precipitation-affected observation data in the calibrated target hydrocarbon species concentration vertical observation data to obtain the target hydrocarbon species concentration vertical observation data after the precipitation effect is deleted; the precipitation-affected observation data refers to the target hydrocarbon species concentration observation data on the observation day when the precipitation event occurs; The transport impact observation data in the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after the precipitation impact is deleted is deleted to obtain the preprocessed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; the transport impact observation data refers to the target hydrocarbon species concentration observation data within the observation day when a significant horizontal transport event of pollutants occurs; the occurrence of a significant horizontal transport event of pollutants refers to an event in which an abnormal air mass with a target hydrocarbon species concentration appears in the atmosphere of the free troposphere above the daytime boundary layer, and the abnormal air mass enters the free troposphere through the vertical movement of the atmosphere or the expansion process of the boundary layer.

3. The hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer is calculated according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer are determined according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration, specifically including: Calculating the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; Determining a ratio relationship between an observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height within the daytime boundary layer and a ground concentration based on the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration; The diffusion dilution influencing parameter and the chemical consumption influencing parameter at the corresponding height are obtained by fitting the ratio relationship at different times at the same height; The diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the chemical consumption influencing parameters at each height are fitted respectively to obtain the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters.

4. The hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals are calculated according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day, specifically including: Calculating the vertical profile of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the daytime; Calculating the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on a vertical scale based on the vertical profile of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer, and obtaining the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species; According to the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters, the exposure amount of OH radicals in the process of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to the top of the daytime boundary layer under the action of turbulent vertical transport at time t is calculated; The average concentration of OH radicals on the vertical scale in the boundary layer is calculated based on the exposure amount of OH radicals in the process of the target hydrocarbon species reaching the top of the daytime boundary layer from the ground under the action of turbulent vertical transport at time t, and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals is obtained.

5. The hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface emission flux of hydrocarbon species is inverted according to the vertical observation data of the pre-treated target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of the OH radicals, and the horizontal transport flux, boundary layer top entrainment flux, ground deposition flux and total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species are obtained, specifically including: Calculating the integral of the change in the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer at time t according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species; Calculating the horizontal transport flux of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daily boundary layer at time t according to the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at time t and the average value of the wind speed in the daily boundary layer at time t on a vertical scale; Determine the boundary layer top entrainment flux of the target hydrocarbon species at time t according to the growth rate of the daytime boundary layer height at time t and the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at the height close to the daytime boundary layer top at time t; determining a land deposition flux of the target hydrocarbon species according to the type of the target hydrocarbon species; The total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer at time t is calculated according to the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at time t and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals at time t.

6. The hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the ground emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species is: ； in, express t Moment Target Hydrocarbon Species R The ground emission flux; express t Target hydrocarbon species at various altitudes in the daytime boundary layer at time R The integral of the concentration change; H express t The daytime boundary layer height at time; express t Time altitude h Target hydrocarbon species R Observed concentration of express t Target hydrocarbon species at various altitudes in the daytime boundary layer at time R Horizontal transport flux; express t Time altitude h Horizontal wind speed on express t Time altitude h Target hydrocarbon species in the direction parallel to the wind direction R concentration gradient; represents the entrainment flux at the top of the boundary layer of the target hydrocarbon species R at time t; express t Moment Target Hydrocarbon Species R The land subsidence flux; express t Target hydrocarbon species in the daytime boundary layer R Total chemical consumption; express t Moment Target Hydrocarbon Species R At height h Chemical consumption on.

7. A hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion device based on vertical observation data, characterized in that: include: A vertical observation data acquisition module is used to obtain daytime vertical observation data of target hydrocarbon species concentration and meteorological elements in a preset vertical height space of the study area and daytime boundary layer height observation data; the preset vertical height is less than the daytime boundary layer height; The data quality control and screening module is used to perform data preprocessing on the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration according to the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements, and obtain the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration after preprocessing; the vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration; the vertical observation data of the meteorological elements refers to the daytime vertical observation data of the meteorological elements; A data fitting module, for calculating the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, and determining the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influence parameters and the chemical consumption influence parameters of the target hydrocarbon species at each height in the daytime boundary layer according to the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration; the vertical gradient relationship of the concentration refers to the concentration relationship between the observed concentration of the target hydrocarbon species at any height in the daytime boundary layer and the ground concentration; the diffusion dilution influence parameter refers to the influence of atmospheric diffusion dilution on the concentration change during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; the chemical consumption influence parameter refers to the exposure amount of OH free radicals during the transmission of the target hydrocarbon species from the ground to any height in the daytime boundary layer; The species concentration calculation module in the boundary layer is used to calculate the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals according to the fitting results of the diffusion dilution influencing parameters and the fitting results of the chemical consumption influencing parameters and the concentration data of the target hydrocarbon species observed on the ground during the day; the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species refers to the average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species on the vertical scale; the vertical average concentration of OH free radicals refers to the average concentration of the OH free radicals on the vertical scale; An inversion module is used to perform a surface emission flux inversion of hydrocarbon species according to the pre-processed vertical observation data of the target hydrocarbon species concentration, the vertical average concentration of the target hydrocarbon species and the vertical average concentration of OH radicals, and obtain the horizontal transport flux, boundary layer top entrainment flux, ground deposition flux and total chemical consumption of the target hydrocarbon species; The surface emission flux calculation module is used to calculate the surface emission flux of the target hydrocarbon species according to the horizontal transport flux, the boundary layer top entrainment flux, the surface deposition flux and the total chemical consumption.

8. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the hydrocarbon species emission flux inversion method based on vertical observation data as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for inverting hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for inverting hydrocarbon species emission flux based on vertical observation data described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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