Topology identification method and device based on communication state category and related product

Abstract

The application discloses a communication state category-based topology identification method and system and related products. The method comprises the following steps: a communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication state of a first smart power device; the communication intelligent gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first smart power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a characteristic identification request to the first smart power device based on the transmission strategy of the first smart power device; the first smart power device sends a characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway through a plurality of routing devices in turn; the communication intelligent gateway obtains the topology structure of the first smart power device based on the information carried in the characteristic identification response; and the communication intelligent gateway determines the topology structure of a target station area based on the topology structure of the first smart power device, wherein the target station area comprises a smart distribution transformer terminal and a plurality of smart power devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a topology identification method, system and related products based on communication status categories. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of smart grids, the technology of electricity consumption information collection systems is also constantly improving, and the success rate and accuracy of electricity consumption reading have also increased significantly. Furthermore, as electricity becomes increasingly important in the energy landscape, higher requirements are being placed on the accuracy and real-time nature of electricity consumption information collection in various parts of the power system. Currently, distribution networks of medium and high voltage levels of 10kV and above have basically achieved online real-time detection of operating information. However, due to their wide distribution and large number, low-voltage distribution networks have difficulty achieving full perception of electricity consumption information. At the same time, in recent years, to meet the needs of life and production, the number of electrical devices used by users in low-voltage substations has gradually increased, the variety of devices has gradually increased, the wiring has become complex, the operating modes have varied, and the corresponding relationships between households and transformers have become confusing. This has led to erroneous substation topology information and difficulty in fault location, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and large substation losses.

[0003] In the daily maintenance and management of low-voltage distribution networks, it is often the case that some smart power devices in the substation area cannot communicate, resulting in some smart power devices not receiving information during topology identification, which makes the anti-interference ability of the topology identification process poor and reduces the accuracy of topology identification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a topology identification method, system and related products based on communication status categories. By ensuring the reliability of the communication status of each smart power device, each smart power device can receive information during the topology identification process, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability of the topology identification process and increasing the accuracy of topology identification.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a topology identification method based on communication status categories, the method being applied to a topology identification system based on communication status categories, the system comprising: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal, and a plurality of intelligent power devices, the method comprising:

[0006] The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the multiple intelligent power devices;

[0007] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction;

[0008] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices;

[0009] The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal;

[0010] The first intelligent power device sends the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway;

[0011] The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal;

[0012] The communication intelligent gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device;

[0013] The communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device;

[0014] The first smart power device sequentially sends the characteristic identification response to the communication smart gateway through a multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is the smart distribution transformer terminal and the multi-level device among the multiple smart power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device;

[0015] The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device;

[0016] The communication intelligent gateway determines the topology of a target substation based on the topology of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a topology identification system based on communication status categories, characterized in that the system includes: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal, and a plurality of intelligent power devices;

[0018] The communication intelligent gateway is used to send a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the multiple intelligent power devices;

[0019] The intelligent distribution terminal is configured to obtain a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction.

[0020] The intelligent distribution terminal is configured to send the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the plurality of intelligent power devices.

[0021] The first intelligent power device is configured to generate a reply signal based on the state estimation signal.

[0022] The first intelligent power device is configured to send the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway.

[0023] The communication intelligent gateway is configured to classify a communication state of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal.

[0024] The communication intelligent gateway is configured to determine an information transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device based on a communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

[0025] The communication intelligent gateway is configured to send a characteristic identifier request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the characteristic identifier request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send a characteristic identifier of the first intelligent power device.

[0026] The first intelligent power device is configured to send the characteristic identifier response to the communication intelligent gateway through a plurality of routing devices in sequence, wherein the characteristic identifier response includes the characteristic identifier of the first intelligent power device, a time of arrival at each routing device, and a characteristic identifier of each routing device, wherein the plurality of routing devices are a plurality of devices in the intelligent distribution terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices that forward the characteristic identifier of the first intelligent power device for the first intelligent power device.

[0027] The communication intelligent gateway is configured to obtain a topology structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each routing device and the characteristic identifier of each routing device.

[0028] The communication intelligent gateway is configured to determine a topology structure of a target substation based on the topology structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

[0029] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, including a processor and a memory, the processor being connected with the memory, the memory being configured to store a computer program, and the processor being configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the method of the first aspect.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program causes a computer to execute the method in the first aspect.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer is operable to cause a computer to execute the method in the first aspect.

[0032] The embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of multiple intelligent power devices; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; the first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a reply signal to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device. A feature identification request is sent, where the feature identification request is used to request the first smart power device to send the feature identification of the first smart power device; the first smart power device sends a feature identification response to the communication smart gateway in sequence through a multi-level routing device, wherein the feature identification response includes the feature identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the feature identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among a smart distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power devices that forwards the feature identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device; the communication smart gateway obtains the topology of the first smart power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device; the communication smart gateway determines the topology of a target substation based on the topology of the first smart power device, wherein the target substation includes the smart distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power devices. First, the communication smart gateway classifies the communication status of the first smart power device based on the reply signal, and determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, so that each smart power device can communicate normally and ensure the reliability of communication between the smart power devices. Furthermore, data transmission is performed based on the transmission strategy of each smart power device, so that each smart power device can receive information during the topology identification process, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability during the topology identification process and increasing the accuracy of topology identification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a topology identification system based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A flowchart of a topology identification method based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an ant colony algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present application that is adaptively improved through pheromone volatilization factors;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a networking process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 A flowchart of another topology identification method based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a topological structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a packet format modeling provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of network layer modeling provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a first-level node model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a secondary node model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a terminal node model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of an OFDM sub-channel selection model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a time delay comparison provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a target area topology structure identification result provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 15 A flow chart of a communication status classification process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 16An overall flow chart of a topology identification method based on node communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. In addition, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0054] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, result, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0055] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the relevant technical terms involved in this application are first explained.

[0056] Substation: refers to a specific area powered by one or more transformers. The power facilities and users within this area are directly or indirectly powered by the transformer. It should be noted that the substation in this application is a low-voltage substation.

[0057] In this application, smart power equipment includes smart distribution terminals and smart meters. Each smart meter includes a meter box layer low-voltage monitoring unit. Each smart meter communicates through the meter box layer low-voltage monitoring unit. In this application, each smart power device can be regarded as a node. For the sake of ease of description, smart power devices and nodes can be used without distinction in this application.

[0058] Power Line Carrier Communication (PLC) is a communication method that uses power lines as an information transmission medium. It enables remote transmission of data and voice by loading high-frequency signals onto the power lines.

[0059] Communication Smart Gateway: This refers to the PLC communication smart gateway module, a hardware network device with serial and network interfaces. It is used to enable data exchange between PLCs, smart meters, inverters, robots, and other automation equipment, as well as data collection and reporting and system platform integration. In this application, the communication smart gateway is used to enable information exchange with intelligent distribution transformer terminals.

[0060] Intelligent distribution transformer supervisory terminal unit (TTU): installed on the transformer side of the substation, it collects operating information of distribution transformers, low-voltage circuit breakers / residual current protective devices, smart energy meters, etc., as well as user electricity consumption information. It completes functions such as distribution transformer meter monitoring, incoming and outgoing line switch / residual current protective device monitoring, status monitoring, load management, dynamic reactive power compensation, three-phase imbalance control, harmonic control, safety protection, interactive management, asset management, video surveillance, environmental monitoring and distributed power access management.

[0061] Low-voltage intelligent detection unit (Line Terminal Unit, LTU): Mainly used for status monitoring of key nodes (substation outlets, cable branches and meter boxes) of low-voltage distribution substation distribution lines. LTU supports electrical parameter measurement and electric energy metering (for calculation and analysis of line loss of substation line segments), automatic identification of electrical topology, active reporting of power outage and restoration alarms, access to switch quantity monitoring and local integration of acquisition terminals, and other functions. It can also be expanded according to actual on-site application scenarios. Local communication between LTU and the intelligent distribution transformer terminal (TTU) can be carried out using power line carriers or micro-power wireless modules. Among them, the low-voltage intelligent monitoring unit is divided into a feeder-level low-voltage monitoring unit and a meter-box-level low-voltage monitoring unit. The meter-box-level low-voltage monitoring unit is installed in the user's meter box, and the feeder-level low-voltage monitoring unit is installed at the low-voltage outlet of the distribution transformer room.

[0062] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a topology identification system based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application. The topology identification system based on communication status categories includes a communication intelligent gateway 101, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal 102, and multiple intelligent power devices 103.

[0063] The communication intelligent gateway 101 sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal 102, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication state of multiple intelligent power devices 103, wherein, Figure 1 The multiple smart power devices 103 in the figure are only for illustration and do not constitute a limit to the number of multiple smart power devices 103; the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 sends a state estimation signal to the first smart power device, wherein the first smart power device is any one of the multiple smart power devices 103; the first smart power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first smart power device sends a reply signal to the communication smart gateway 101; the communication smart gateway 101 classifies the communication status of the first smart power device based on the reply signal; the communication smart gateway 101 determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device; the communication smart gateway 101 sends a feature identification request to the first smart power device based on the transmission strategy of the first smart power device, and the feature The identification request is used to request the first smart power device to send the characteristic identification of the first smart power device; the first smart power device sends a characteristic identification response to the communication smart gateway 101 in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 and multiple smart power devices 103 that forwards the characteristic identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device; the communication smart gateway 101 obtains the topological structure of the first smart power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device; the communication smart gateway 101 determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first smart power device, wherein the target substation includes the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 and multiple smart power devices 103.

[0064] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of multiple intelligent power devices; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; the first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a reply signal to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device. A feature identification request is sent, where the feature identification request is used to request the first smart power device to send the feature identification of the first smart power device; the first smart power device sends a feature identification response to the communication smart gateway in sequence through a multi-level routing device, wherein the feature identification response includes the feature identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the feature identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among a smart distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power devices that forwards the feature identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device; the communication smart gateway obtains the topology of the first smart power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device; the communication smart gateway determines the topology of a target substation based on the topology of the first smart power device, wherein the target substation includes the smart distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power devices. First, the communication smart gateway classifies the communication status of the first smart power device based on the reply signal, and determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, so that each smart power device can communicate normally and ensure the reliability of communication between the smart power devices. Furthermore, data transmission is performed based on the transmission strategy of each smart power device, so that each smart power device can receive information during the topology identification process, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability during the topology identification process and increasing the accuracy of topology identification.

[0065] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart of a topology identification method based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. The method includes but is not limited to steps 201-211:

[0066] 201: The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal.

[0067] It should be noted that before step 201, it is also necessary to collect the number and geographical location information of the smart power equipment in the substation. Among the power consumption information collection and communication technologies, the power line carrier communication technology is currently widely used. With the continuous advancement of the construction of the power consumption information system, the number of smart meters and collection terminals has increased significantly, resulting in a very poor communication environment for carrier communication. The widespread application of power electronic devices and frequency conversion equipment has made the magnetic environment of the low-voltage distribution network more and more complex, resulting in unstable communication performance between the collector and the concentrator. Due to interference and attenuation on the power line, micro-power wireless technology has begun to emerge. Wireless communication effectively avoids interference and attenuation on the power line, but wireless communication is easily affected by environmental interference, and the signal attenuation is large when penetrating walls and buildings. From this point of view, the combination of power line carrier and micro-power wireless communication can accurately collect information on low-voltage substation smart power equipment. This application uses a dual-mode communication module of low-voltage power line carrier communication and micro-power wireless communication (hereinafter referred to as the dual-mode module) to collect the number and geographical location information of smart power equipment in the substation.

[0068] Specifically, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices all use dual-mode modules. The intelligent distribution transformer terminal initiates the acquisition information signal through the dual-mode module, which is then transmitted downlink via power line carrier communication and wireless communication. If the carrier signal is received first, the lower-level intelligent power device will feedback data via carrier communication; if not, it will feedback data via wireless communication. The feedback data primarily contains the intelligent power device's serial number, which is uniquely set when the intelligent detection unit leaves the factory. Lower-level nodes all use dual-mode modules to forward the acquisition information signal sent by the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, while simultaneously transmitting data using the aforementioned method until the entire substation's intelligent power devices are traversed. The intelligent distribution transformer terminal processes the collected data and calculates the number and geographic location of the intelligent power devices in the substation.

[0069] For example, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal. The state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of multiple smart power devices. When the communication status of the smart power devices needs to be classified, the state estimation instruction is manually set, and then the communication intelligent gateway sends the state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal. In addition, the state estimation instruction can be sent at preset intervals.

[0070] 202: The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction.

[0071] 203: The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device.

[0072] Exemplarily, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, where the first intelligent power device is any one of multiple intelligent power devices. It should be noted that the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends the state estimation signal to each intelligent power device via the power line step by step. For ease of description, this application only uses the first intelligent power device as an example.

[0073] 204: The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal.

[0074] It should be noted that the reply signal may include the identification of the first intelligent power device (ie, the self-number mentioned above, which is not specifically distinguished in this application).

[0075] 205: The first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway.

[0076] It should be noted that the first intelligent power device will send a reply signal upward step by step, and then summarize the reply signal through the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, and then send the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway.

[0077] 206: The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal.

[0078] Exemplarily, the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first smart power device based on the reply signal, including: if the communication intelligent gateway does not receive the reply signal, the communication status category of the first smart power device is blocked; if the communication intelligent gateway receives the reply signal, the arrival time of the reply signal is obtained; if the arrival time is greater than the preset time, the communication status category of the first smart power device is unreliable; if the arrival time is less than the preset time, the communication status category of the first smart power device is reliable.

[0079] Furthermore, if the communication status category of the first smart power device is a blocked state or an unreliable state, the communication smart gateway resends the state estimation instruction, repeats steps 201-206, and redetermines the communication status of the first smart power device. If the communication status category of the first smart power device determined again is still a blocked state or an unreliable state, its communication status category is confirmed; if the communication status category of the first smart power device determined again is a reliable state, the communication status category of the first smart power device is changed from a blocked state or an unreliable state to a reliable state.

[0080] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, if the communication intelligent gateway does not receive the reply signal, the communication state category of the first intelligent power device is blocked state; if the communication intelligent gateway receives the reply signal, the arrival time of the reply signal is obtained; if the arrival time is greater than the preset time, the communication state category of the first intelligent power device is unreliable state; if the arrival time is less than the preset time, the communication state category of the first intelligent power device is reliable state. The arrival time of the reply signal is used to classify the communication state of the first intelligent power device, which ensures more accurate classification, so as to facilitate subsequent determination of different data transmission strategies for intelligent power devices of different communication state categories. Further, the state estimation instruction can be issued once every interval of the preset time interval, specifically, it can be issued once every five minutes, which can realize real-time perception of the communication state category of the intelligent power device.

[0081] 207: The communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

[0082] Optionally, if the communication state category of the first intelligent power device is unreliable state, the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power device, including: dividing the initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device into a plurality of sub-channels based on a preset parameter; sending a test signal with a preset power to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power can enable the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel; determining the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each sub-channel based on the test signal; determining the target sub-channel based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel; and taking the transmission of the characteristic identifier request through the initial path and in the target sub-channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

[0083] For the first intelligent power device with unreliable state category, the communication is unreliable, and there are many factors for the transmission timeout of the reply signal (i.e. the arrival time is greater than the preset time), mainly the excessive noise and interference of the communication line, or the insufficient transmission power of the signal sending end. Based on this, the present application proposes an OFDM target sub-channel selection strategy, which reduces the influence of line noise and interference on the carrier signal through reasonable target sub-channel selection, and improves the reliability and effectiveness of information transmission by concentrating power through the target sub-channel.

[0084] Specifically, the initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device is divided into multiple sub-channels based on preset parameters. The initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device is an initial path for signal transmission from the first intelligent power device to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal determined based on power line communication carrier technology. A test signal of preset power is sent to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel, wherein the information receiving device can be an intelligent distribution transformer terminal. SNR0 Each sub-channel sends the same test signal, and this redundant transmission method increases the anti-interference ability of the data. A test signal of preset power is sent to the information receiving device through each sub-channel, and the transmission power strength of the test signal increases from low to high until the information receiving device can receive the test signal of each sub-channel, that is, the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel.

[0085] Furthermore, based on the test signal, the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each sub-channel is determined, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel can be determined by formula (1):

[0086] SNR i =|H(i)| 2 / σ2 formula (1)

[0087] Where i represents the i-th subchannel in multiple subchannels, H(i) represents the frequency response of the i-th subchannel, σ 2 is the noise of the ith subchannel.

[0088] Based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each subchannel, a target subchannel is determined. Specifically, the difference between the SNR of each subchannel and a preset SNR is determined, and the subchannel corresponding to the maximum difference is selected as the target subchannel. The information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device is to transmit a feature identification request through an initial path and in the target subchannel. Furthermore, the feature identification request is centralized for power transmission via the target subchannel. In this application, this transmission strategy may be referred to as an OFDM subchannel selection strategy.

[0089] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device is divided into multiple sub-channels based on preset parameters; a test signal of preset power is sent to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel; based on the test signal, the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each sub-channel is determined; based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel, the target sub-channel is determined; and the characteristic identification request is transmitted through the initial path and in the target sub-channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device. For the first intelligent power device whose communication status category is an unreliable node, the communication reliability of the first intelligent power device will be ensured by determining the corresponding information transmission strategy. In addition, the difference between the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel and the preset signal-to-noise ratio is determined, and the sub-channel corresponding to the maximum difference is used as the target sub-channel to ensure that the determined target sub-channel has a larger signal-to-noise ratio, reduce the impact of noise on the transmitted signal, and further ensure the communication reliability of the first intelligent power device.

[0090] Optionally, if the communication status category of the first smart power device is a blocked state, the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, including: issuing networking instructions to the first smart power device through the intelligent distribution and transformation terminal; obtaining multiple networking paths corresponding to the networking instructions received by the first smart power device; determining the target networking path based on the delay, communication rate and number of smart power devices passed by each networking path; using the target networking path as the information transmission path for the first smart power device; and using the characteristic identification request transmitted through the target networking path and in the idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device.

[0091] For the first smart power device whose communication status category is blocked, since the low-voltage substation topology is unknown, the power line network cannot be reasonably configured using relevant information. Under the condition of knowing the geographical location of each smart power device, selecting reasonable relay nodes and conducting reliable networking are the key to ensuring the reliability of power line communication.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present application, a method for determining a target networking path by using an ant colony algorithm adaptively improved by a pheromone volatility factor is provided, including: Figure 3 As shown, including but not limited to steps 301-311:

[0093] 301: Initialization parameters.

[0094] Determine the starting node (i.e., smart distribution terminal), target node (i.e., first smart power device), maximum number of iterations Nmax, pheromone concentration volatility coefficient ρ, pheromone heuristic factor α, starting point expected heuristic factor β, etc.

[0095] 302: Path selection, probabilistic search.

[0096] Specifically, M ants are released to the starting node, the tabu list is initialized, and the starting node is added to the tabu list. The next node j is found according to the path selection probability formula, and it is judged whether the node j meets the preset condition. If it meets the condition, the node j is added to the tabu list, and the path length is updated. The cycle is repeated until the ant reaches the destination or a deadlock state occurs.

[0097] The path selection probability formula (2) is:

[0098]

[0099] Wherein, α represents the pheromone heuristic factor, reflecting the importance of the pheromone concentration in path selection; β represents the expected heuristic factor, reflecting the importance of heuristic information in path selection; allowed k represents the set of next nodes j that can be selected by the ant at the current node i; τ i,j (t) represents the pheromone concentration of path <i,j>; η i,j (t) represents the heuristic information of path <i,j>, η i,j The expression is:

[0100]

[0101] Wherein, V ij represents the communication rate between path <i,j>, D ij represents the communication delay between path <i,j>, the larger the value, the better the communication condition, and the greater the probability of being selected as a relay node.

[0102] 303: Judge whether the next node j is the target node.

[0103] 304: If yes, update the pheromone concentration.

[0104] Specifically, the pheromone increment is updated first. When a generation of ants completes the search, the ants that do not walk to the target node are discarded. The optimal ant is strengthened according to formula (3) to increase the pheromone increment on the path.

[0105]

[0106] Wherein, Δτ i,j (t) represents the pheromone increment of path <i,j>, Q is the pheromone strength, L k is the number of hops of the kth ant on the path in this iteration.

[0107] After the pheromone increment is updated, the pheromone concentration is updated according to the pheromone volatility factor improved based on the adaptive mechanism. The pheromone concentration update formula (4) is as follows:

[0108] τ i,j (t+1)=[1-ρ(t+1)]*τ i,j (t)+Δτ i,j (t+1) Formula (4)

[0109] Among them, τ i,j (t+1) is the t+1th iteration path<i,j> The pheromone concentration is , the pheromone concentration volatility coefficient is , and the t+1th iteration path is<i,j> For pheromone increment.

[0110] Furthermore, the path from the initial node to the target node is obtained.

[0111] If not, the process returns to step 302 to continue searching for nodes at the next level until the target node is determined.

[0112] 305: Update path pheromone volatility factor.

[0113] Adopting an adaptive update strategy for the pheromone volatility factor ρ can ensure the global search capability in the early stage of the algorithm, improve the convergence speed in the middle and late stages of the algorithm, and ensure the diversity of paths while improving the convergence speed. The pheromone volatility factor ρ decreases monotonically with the increase of the number of iterations. After decreasing to the minimum value, it no longer decreases. The calculation method is shown in the following formula (5):

[0114]

[0115] Among them, ρ min is the minimum value of ρ, N max is the maximum number of iterations, N is the current number of iterations. By limiting the upper and lower limits of pheromone concentration, the algorithm can be prevented from falling into the local optimal solution and the convergence speed of the algorithm can be accelerated.

[0116] 306: Determine whether the path from the initial node to the target node is an optimal path.

[0117] 307: If yes, update the optimal path pheromone.

[0118] If not, execute step 310.

[0119] 308: Whether it is the global optimal path.

[0120] 309: If yes, update the global optimal path pheromone.

[0121] 310: Determine whether the number of iterations has been reached.

[0122] 311: If yes, output the optimal path.

[0123] If not, return to step 302 until the optimal path is output.

[0124] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, by setting an adaptive update strategy for the pheromone volatility factor, that is, the pheromone volatility factor ρ decreases monotonically with the increase of the number of iterations, and when it decreases to the minimum value, it no longer decreases, which can ensure the global search capability of the algorithm in the early stage, improve the convergence speed of the algorithm in the middle and late stages, and ensure the diversity of paths while improving the convergence speed. By limiting the upper and lower limits of the pheromone volatility factor, it can avoid the algorithm from falling into the local optimal solution and accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm.

[0125] In the present application, the target networking path can be determined by the optimized ant colony algorithm (ie, the ant colony algorithm adaptively improved by the pheromone volatilization factor).

[0126] Specifically, a two-dimensional geographic location map of multiple smart power devices and smart distribution transformer terminals is obtained, and a networking instruction is issued to the first smart power device based on the smart distribution transformer terminal. The networking instruction can be used to search for the smart power devices in the next level of the smart distribution transformer terminal step by step based on the optimized ant colony algorithm. Specifically, the networking instruction is issued to multiple third smart power devices in the first level through the smart distribution transformer terminal, where the first level is the level below the smart distribution transformer terminal. After receiving the networking instruction, the multiple third smart power devices enable the data forwarding function and transmit it to the next level of smart power devices until the search instruction is transmitted to the first smart power device (i.e., the target node with a blocked communication status). After receiving the networking instruction, the target node with a blocked communication status record the arrival delay and communication rate of each path, select the networking path corresponding to the maximum delay and minimum communication rate, and upload it to the smart distribution transformer terminal, which then uploads it to the PLC gateway.

[0127] Specifically, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal is used as the starting node, the first intelligent power device is used as the target node, and a networking instruction is sent from the starting node to the target node. Specifically, based on the method described in step 302, paths from the starting node to multiple third intelligent power devices in the first layer (also referred to as nodes in the first layer) are determined to obtain multiple first paths.

[0128] After receiving the networking instruction, multiple third-level smart power devices in the first layer calculate the communication delay and rate from themselves to the smart distribution transformer terminal and feed it back to the smart distribution transformer terminal. The smart distribution transformer terminal selects a target third-level smart power device based on the path probability selection formula, adds the target third-level smart power device to the taboo table, and updates the pheromone table. Specifically, based on the two-dimensional geographic location map, the time delay and communication rate for each third-level smart power device to receive the networking instruction are determined. Specifically, the time delay is determined based on the distance between each third-level smart power device and the smart distribution transformer terminal and the propagation speed.

[0129] Based on the latency and communication rate of each third smart power device receiving the networking instruction, as well as the preset maximum latency and minimum communication rate, a target third smart power device is determined from the plurality of third smart power devices. Specifically, a determination is made as to whether the first path corresponding to each third smart power device meets a preset condition. If the preset condition is met, the third smart device corresponding to the first path meeting the preset condition is selected as the target third smart power device. In other words, the target third smart power device is determined from the plurality of third smart power devices based on the preset conditions.

[0130] Among them, the preset condition can be expressed by formula (6):

[0131]

[0132] Among them, D[R(E i ,E j )] represents node E i to E j The delay, D max1 Indicates the first maximum delay, V[R(E i ,E j )] represents node E i to E j The communication rate, V min1 Indicates the first minimum communication rate, E i and E j is a node in the substation, that is, an intelligent power device in the substation, where node E i to E j There are no relay nodes in between.

[0133] If the first smart power device exists in the target third smart power device, the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued by the smart distribution transformer terminal, that is, the target node receives the networking instruction, corresponding to E in step 304. j As the target node, the pheromone concentration and pheromone volatility factor are updated based on the steps recorded in step 305, and E j Added to the taboo list.

[0134] If the first smart power device does not exist in the target third smart power device, the target third smart power device issues a networking instruction to each of the plurality of third smart power devices in the next level corresponding to the target third smart power device, until the target third smart power device in the last level includes the first smart power device, and the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued by the smart power distribution terminal. Specifically, based on the method described in step 302, the path of the target third smart power device to the plurality of third smart power devices (also referred to as nodes in the second level) in the next level corresponding to the target third smart power device is determined, and a plurality of second paths are obtained. Then, the new target third smart power device is determined based on the above method until the target third smart power device in the last level includes the first smart power device. That is, the target node receives the networking instruction. It should be noted that in this application, all smart power devices in the communication state category of the blocked state in the substation should be traversed until each smart power device in the communication state category of the blocked state receives the networking instruction.

[0135] Specifically, a plurality of networking paths corresponding to the networking instruction received by the first smart power device are obtained, wherein each networking path passes through a plurality of smart power devices. Based on the time delay, communication rate and number of smart power devices passed through of each networking path, a target networking path is determined. Specifically, for the first networking path, a plurality of smart power devices passed through by the first networking path are determined, and the time delay and communication rate corresponding to each smart power device passed through by the first networking path are obtained, to obtain the total time delay and total communication rate of the first networking path. The first networking path is any one of the plurality of networking paths. The path with the smallest total time delay, the fastest total communication rate and the smallest number of hops among the plurality of networking paths is taken as the target networking path. The target networking path is taken as the information transmission path of the first smart power device; and the transmission of the characteristic identifier request through the target networking path and in the idle channel is taken as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device, which can be referred to as the networking strategy based on power line carrier in this application.

[0136] Further, the smart power distribution terminal is denoted as node E0, the first smart power device is denoted as node E dThe method comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of nodes through which a first networking path passes, acquiring a time delay and a communication rate corresponding to each smart power device through which the first networking path passes, and obtaining a total time delay and a total communication rate of the first networking path. The first networking path is any one of a plurality of networking paths. The path with the smallest total time delay, the fastest total communication rate and the smallest number of hops is taken as a target networking path, and global pheromone updating is performed according to the optimal path. The target networking path is taken as the information transmission path of the first smart power device. The optimization objective function can be represented by formula (7), wherein the optimization objective function is the communication rate of the node E0 to the node E d The smallest number of hops passed, and the constraint condition is that the communication rate of the node E0 to the node E d The communication time delay should be less than a second maximum time delay D max2 , and the communication rate of the node E0 to the node E d should be greater than a second minimum communication rate V min2 ; in addition, since the node E0 to the node E d cannot directly communicate, at least one relay node should exist between the two nodes, wherein the second maximum time delay is greater than the first maximum time delay, and the second minimum communication rate is greater than the first minimum communication rate.

[0137]

[0138] wherein D[R(E0,E d )] represents the time delay of the node E0 to the node E d , D max2 represents the second maximum time delay, V[R(E0,E d )] represents the communication rate of the node E0 to the node E d , V min2 represents the second minimum communication rate, and |E0-E d | represents the number of relay nodes between the node E0 to the node E d .

[0139] Optionally, if the communication state of the first smart power device is a reliable state, the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device is determined based on the communication state category corresponding to the first smart power device, which comprises: taking the transmission of a feature identifier request through an initial path and in an idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device. That is, signal transmission is performed through power line carrier technology.

[0140] Furthermore, if the communication status of the first smart device is unreliable or blocked, and the transmission strategy determined based on the above method still cannot effectively transmit signals, an OFDM subchannel selection strategy is combined with a networking strategy. Specifically, after the networking strategy is completed, the OFDM subchannel selection strategy is adopted to further ensure communication reliability. This OFDM subchannel selection strategy ensures communication reliability. For communication nodes in extremely poor channel environments, combining these two strategies ensures reliable communication.

[0141] For example, Figure 4 As shown, if the first smart power device is a third-level node, the networking of the third-level node is taken as an example for explanation. Based on the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, a networking instruction is issued to the first smart power device; the second-level node receives the networking instruction, and determines the second-level target node that meets the preset conditions, updates the taboo table, and updates the pheromone concentration; the second-level target node forwards the networking instruction to the third-level node, and determines the third-level target node that meets the preset conditions, updates the taboo table, and updates the pheromone concentration; if the third-level target node includes the first smart power device, the first smart power device receives the networking instruction, updates the taboo table, and updates the pheromone concentration; traverses all smart power devices in the target area whose communication status category is blocked; and completes the networking of the target area.

[0142] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, a two-dimensional geographic location map of multiple smart power devices and a smart distribution transformer terminal is obtained; networking instructions are respectively issued to multiple third smart power devices in the first layer through the smart distribution transformer terminal, wherein the first layer is the next layer of the smart distribution transformer terminal; based on the two-dimensional geographic location map, the delay and communication rate for each third smart power device to receive the networking instruction are determined; based on the delay and communication rate for each third smart power device to receive the networking instruction, as well as the preset maximum delay and minimum communication rate, a target third smart power device is determined from the multiple third smart power devices; if the first smart power device exists among the target third smart power devices, the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued based on the smart distribution transformer terminal; if the first smart power device does not exist among the target third smart power devices, the target third smart power device respectively issues networking instructions to multiple third smart power devices in the next layer corresponding to the target third smart power device, until the target third smart power device in the last layer includes the first smart power device, and the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued based on the smart distribution transformer terminal. When the communication status of the first smart power device is blocked, the initial path is no longer used for signal transmission, but the target networking path is reselected for information transmission. Specifically, based on the optimized ant colony algorithm, multiple networking paths are found for the smart distribution transformer terminal to issue networking instructions to the first smart power device. In addition, in each step of the networking process, the target third smart power device is selected according to the preset constraints to ensure that the delay and communication rate of the selected node (i.e., the target third smart power device) meet the preset conditions. While ensuring the communication reliability, the communication rate is also improved.

[0143] Furthermore, multiple networking paths corresponding to the networking instructions received by the first smart power device are obtained; a target networking path is determined based on the latency, communication rate, and number of smart power devices passed through each networking path; the target networking path is used as the information transmission path for the first smart power device; and the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device is to transmit a feature identification request through the target networking path in an idle channel. That is, the path with the smallest total latency, the fastest total communication rate, and the fewest smart power devices passed through among the multiple networking paths is used as the target networking path. While ensuring the communication reliability of the first smart power device, the communication rate is also increased, providing a guarantee for improving the efficiency of topology identification.

[0144] 208: The communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device.

[0145] Among them, the characteristic identification request is used to request the first smart power device to send the characteristic identification of the first smart power device, and the characteristic identification request also includes a signal representing the target substation. Specifically, the communication intelligent gateway issues a characteristic identification request, and after the intelligent distribution transformer terminal receives the instruction, it modulates the substation characteristic identification signal and the A-phase line characteristic identification signal (hereinafter referred to as the characteristic identification signal) to the selected OFDM subcarrier using QAM modulation according to the optimal route and OFDM subchannel selection strategy planned by the substation intelligent device networking algorithm. First, it is sent to the smart power devices at the downstream communication nodes of the A-phase line. After 30 seconds, the smart distribution transformer terminal sends the substation characteristic identification signal and the B-phase line characteristic identification signal to the smart power devices at the downstream communication nodes of the B-phase line. The above operation is repeated until the characteristic identification signal is sent to the C-phase line, and until a characteristic identification request is sent to each smart power device.

[0146] 209: The first intelligent power device sends a characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing devices.

[0147] The characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the smart distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device.

[0148] After receiving the feature identification request, the smart power device at each node transmits a feature identification response to the higher-level node. Each time the feature identification response reaches a higher-level node, the smart power device at each node records the information carried in the feature identification response and generates an arrival identifier based on the smart power device's own identification signal. The arrival identifier may also include the time of arrival at the smart power device. The feature identification response includes the feature identification signal sent by the higher-level node and the smart power device's own identification signal (consisting of a unique factory serial number).

[0149] After the intelligent distribution transformer terminal receives the characteristic feedback identification signal of the intelligent power equipment, it uploads it to the communication intelligent gateway. The communication intelligent gateway compares and analyzes the characteristic identification responses uploaded by each intelligent power equipment. If the characteristic identification response returned by the lower-level node corresponds to the characteristic identification signal sent by the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, it can be identified that this node belongs to the equipment in the target substation, and the substation equipment identification is completed.

[0150] Furthermore, 30 seconds after the communication intelligent gateway receives all characteristic identification responses, each node intelligent detection unit uploads the arrival identification, wherein the arrival identification is the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device.

[0151] 210: The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topology structure of the first smart power device based on the time of arrival of each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device.

[0152] The hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing device and the first smart power device is determined based on the time of arrival of each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device; and the topology structure of the first smart power device is obtained based on the hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing device and the first smart power device.

[0153] 211: The communication intelligent gateway determines the topology structure of the target substation based on the topology structure of the first smart power device, wherein the target substation includes a smart distribution transformer terminal and a plurality of smart power devices.

[0154] Based on the method of determining the topology structure of the first smart power device, the topology structure of each smart power device in the target substation is determined, and the communication intelligent gateway integrates the topology structure of the smart power device to form the entire topology structure of the target substation.

[0155] For example, as shown in Figure 5 , the process of topology identification includes: the communication intelligent gateway sends a characteristic identifier request; the smart distribution transformer terminal issues a characteristic identifier request, specifically, as shown in Figure 6 , the smart distribution transformer terminal is Figure 6 Node 1 requests to pass through each level until it reaches the end node (such as Figure 6 Nodes 4, 5, and 6 as shown); each level of smart power device receives the characteristic identifier request; after receiving the characteristic identifier request, each level of smart power device generates a characteristic identifier response and sends it to Node 1 through the power line, the smart distribution transformer terminal receives the characteristic identifier response and uploads it to the communication intelligent gateway, and each level of node records the transmission path of the characteristic identifier response and generates an arrival identifier, i.e. the time of arrival of each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device. When Node 1 receives all the characteristic identifier responses, it uploads them to the communication intelligent gateway, which compares the characteristic identifier request and the characteristic identifier response, and for signals with the same phase data written into the substation, it is determined to belong to the target substation, such as Figure 6Nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 shown belong to the same substation. 30 seconds after node 1 receives all feature identification responses, each smart power device uploads its arrival identification to the communication smart gateway. Node 1 aggregates the arrival identifications and uploads them to the communication smart gateway. The communication smart gateway compares the arrival identifications to identify the hierarchy of smart power devices in the target substation, obtaining the target substation's topology. For example, in the example above, node 4 sends a feature identification response and records the arrival identification as a1. The feature identification response passes through node 2, recording the arrival identification as a2. Finally, the feature identification response reaches node 1, recording the arrival identification as a3. Based on the information carried by a1, a2, and a3, namely, the time of arrival at each routing device and the feature identification of each routing device, including the time of arrival at node 4 and its feature identification, the time of arrival at node 2 and its feature identification, and the time of arrival at node 1 and its feature identification, the communication smart gateway identifies the topological structure of the branch as 1-2-4 based on the order of arrival times and feature identifications.

[0156] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication state of the plurality of intelligent power devices; the intelligent distribution terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the intelligent distribution terminal sends the state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the plurality of intelligent power devices; the first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first intelligent power device sends the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication state of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a characteristic identifier request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the characteristic identifier request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the characteristic identifier of the first intelligent power device; the first intelligent power device sends a characteristic identifier response to the communication intelligent gateway through the multi-level routing device in turn, wherein the characteristic identifier response includes the characteristic identifier of the first intelligent power device, the time of reaching each level of routing device, and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is the multi-level device in the intelligent distribution terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices that forwards the characteristic identifier of the first intelligent power device for the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway obtains the topology structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device; and the communication intelligent gateway determines the topology structure of the target substation based on the topology structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices. First, by classifying the communication state of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal through the communication intelligent gateway, and determining the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power device, the communication between each intelligent power device can be normal, and the reliability of the communication between the intelligent power devices is ensured. Further, data transmission is performed based on the transmission strategy of each intelligent power device, so that each intelligent power device can receive information in the topology identification process, the anti-interference performance in the topology identification process is enhanced, and the accuracy of topology identification is increased.

[0157] In the embodiment of the present application, simulation modeling and result analysis are also provided.

[0158] Based on the OPNET simulation platform, the transmission link model, the device model, and the channel environment model are self-defined in combination with the characteristics of the low-voltage substation.

[0159] First, the transmission information modeling is performed. The packet format of power line carrier communication is applicable to various forms such as IE8021.15.6 and IEC61850-9. This application follows the above form to perform packet format modeling, as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0160] Where Address is the destination address; Condition is the device status information; Shebeiid is the unique identification number of each device in the substation; Xweizhi and yweizhi are the geographical locations of the devices in the substation. Condition is used to describe the device status information. It is a random number. When the value is greater than a predetermined threshold, it indicates that the device has a problem. Shebeiid is used to address the device when the problem occurs.

[0161] Next, perform device modeling.

[0162] 1 Network layer modeling

[0163] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the network layer consists of a distribution network terminal node: node-3; three low-voltage substations (node-0, node-9, node-15, and their surrounding secondary devices. Node-0 corresponds to secondary devices including node-4, node-5, node-6, node-7, and node-8; node-9 corresponds to secondary devices including node-10, node-11, node-12, node-13, and node-14; and node-15 corresponds to secondary devices including node-15, node-16, node-17, node-18, and node-19); and two remote area devices: node-2 and node-1. The primary nodes are connected via a bus and send data to the bus link; the terminal nodes receive and send data.

[0164] 2-node model

[0165] (1) Level 1 node model

[0166] There are two formats of messages in this simulation. The transmission channel frequency range is divided into four channels with equal intervals of 4MHz-50MHz for multiplexing. The function of the first-level node is to select the appropriate data transmission method according to the different channel conditions in the downlink, and to aggregate the data and send it to the terminal node in the uplink. At the same time, the channel state estimation information is collected on the bus link. If the channel state is not good, the transmission power is concentrated on a sub-channel to transmit the signal, sacrificing channel resources to ensure that the device status information can accurately reach the terminal node. The first-level node model is shown in the figure below. Figure 9 shown. Figure 9Includes: Sink, Bus_Rx, Gen, Tx_Proc, Bus_Rx, P_3, Pt_0, Pr_0, Pt_1, Pr_1, Pt_2, Pr_2, Pt_3, Pr_3, Pt_4, Pr_4.

[0167] (2) Secondary node model

[0168] The secondary node transmits the most basic message information, uploading its own device ID, status information, etc. to the primary node. It consists of a pair of transceivers, a packet generation process, and a packet processing process. Figure 10 Includes: P_0, P_1, Pr_0, Pt_0.

[0169] (3) Terminal node model

[0170] The first-level device and the terminal node are connected by a bus link with a link rate of 9600bps. The device and the second-level device use a point-to-point link transmission with a rate of 4800bps. The terminal node model is modeled as follows Figure 11 The terminal node model is relatively simple. p_1 generates a signal to rx_proc and sends it to the bus link to classify the communication status. Figure 12 Includes: P_1, Rx_Proc, Bus_Rx, Bt_0.

[0171] Simulation result analysis: This application uses the OPNET simulation platform to simulate the OFDM sub-channel selection strategy based on the above-mentioned model. This application uses 32-channel OFDM sub-channels for simulation. The 32-channel OFDM simulation modeling image is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the gen node is responsible for generating the signal and passing it to the network layer tx_proc node. At the same time, the tx_proc node processes the signal and then selects the subcarrier for transmission.

[0172] At the same time, the communication delay from node tx_proc to node bus_tx is recorded and compared with the communication delay from node tx_proc to node bus_tx without adopting OFDM subchannel selection strategy. The results are as follows: Figure 13 As shown. The definition of delay is the equivalent of the delay signal-to-noise ratio, which is used to represent the channel signal-to-noise ratio. Figure 13 It can be seen that under the same delay conditions, the OFDM sub-channel selection strategy (i.e. Figure 13 The OFDM sub-channel selection strategy is adopted) than the OFDM sub-channel selection strategy is not adopted (i.e. Figure 13 The OFDM sub-channel selection strategy is not adopted in the protocol, which has lower delay and ensures the reliability of communication.

[0173] Based on the above topology identification scheme, the OPNET simulation platform is used to realize the identification of the low-voltage area topology structure, such as Figure 14 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the X coordinate of the setting node and the vertical axis represents the Y coordinate of the setting node. Figure 14 The geographical location information and topological structure information of the low-voltage substation equipment are reflected. The simulation results show that the low-voltage substation topology identification scheme proposed by the present invention has high accuracy and good reliability.

[0174] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 15 As shown, a flow chart of communication status classification is also provided, including but not limited to:

[0175] The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal;

[0176] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction;

[0177] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device;

[0178] The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal;

[0179] The first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway;

[0180] The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal;

[0181] If the communication intelligent gateway does not receive a reply signal, it will resend the status estimation signal and classify the node communication status;

[0182] If the communication intelligent gateway receives a reply signal and the arrival time is greater than the preset time, it will resend the status estimation signal to classify the node communication status;

[0183] If the communication intelligent gateway receives a reply signal and the arrival time is less than the preset time, the node communication status is classified;

[0184] Finally, the node communication status is classified into reliable state, unreliable state or blocked state.

[0185] It should be noted that the specific determination method has been described in detail in steps 201-206, and this application will not repeat it here.

[0186] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 16 As shown, a general flow chart of a topology identification method based on node communication state categories is also provided, including but not limited to the steps of:

[0187] Statistics on the number and geographical location of smart power devices.

[0188] It should be noted that the smart power equipment includes the aforementioned smart distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power equipment. In the embodiment of the present application, the smart power equipment can be regarded as a node.

[0189] The communication status of the nodes is classified into reliable state, unreliable state and blocked state.

[0190] For reliable conditions, conventional power line carrier communication is used as the information transmission strategy; for unreliable conditions, OFDM subchannel selection is used as the information transmission strategy; for blocked conditions, power line carrier-based networking is used as the information transmission strategy. This ensures that all smart power devices in the target substation area can achieve reliable communication via power line carrier.

[0191] Finally, topology identification is performed based on power line carrier communication.

[0192] It should be noted that the specific determination method in this embodiment has been described in detail in steps 201-211, and this application will not repeat it here.

[0193] See Figure 17 , Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 17 The electronic device 1700 shown may be the above-mentioned topology identification system based on communication status categories. Figure 17 The electronic device 1700 shown includes a communication interface 1701, a processor 1702, a memory 1703, and a bus 1704. The communication interface 1701, the processor 1702, and the memory 1703 are connected to each other via the bus 1704.

[0194] Among them, the processor 1702 can integrate the functions of the above-mentioned communication intelligent gateway, intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power devices. Specifically, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the multiple smart power devices; the smart distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the smart distribution transformer terminal sends the state estimation signal to the first smart power device, wherein the first smart power device is any one of the multiple smart power devices; the first smart power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first smart power device sends the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first smart power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a special information to the first smart power device based on the transmission strategy of the first smart power device. A feature identification request, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first smart power device to send the feature identification of the first smart power device; the first smart power device sends the feature identification response to the communication smart gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the feature identification response includes the feature identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is the smart distribution transformer terminal and the multi-level device among the multiple smart power devices that forwards the feature identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device; the communication smart gateway obtains the topological structure of the first smart power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device; the communication smart gateway determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first smart power device, wherein the target substation includes the smart distribution transformer terminal and the multiple smart power devices.

[0195] Memory 1703 may be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). Memory 1703 may store programs. When the program stored in memory 1703 is executed by processor 1702, processor 1702 and communication interface 1701 are used to perform the various steps of the topology identification method based on communication state categories in the embodiment of the present application.

[0196] The processor 1702 can adopt a general central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a graphics processing unit (GPU) or one or more integrated circuits to execute relevant programs to implement the functions required to be performed by each system in the topology identification system based on communication status categories, or to execute the topology identification method based on communication status categories of the embodiment of the method of the present application.

[0197] It should be understood that the electronic devices in this application may include smartphones (such as Android phones, iOS phones, Windows Phone phones, etc.), tablet computers, PDAs, laptops, mobile Internet devices (MIDs) or wearable devices. The above electronic devices are only examples and are not exhaustive, including but not limited to the above electronic devices. In actual applications, the above electronic devices may also include: smart car terminals, computer equipment, etc.

[0198] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement some or all steps of any of the topology identification methods based on communication status categories as described in the above method embodiments.

[0199] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program is operable to enable a computer to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the topology identification methods based on communication status categories as described in the above method embodiments.

[0200] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of actions, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0201] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0202] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0203] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0204] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software program modules.

[0205] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a memory and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0206] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program. The program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, and the memory can include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0207] The above has carried out the detailed introduction to the embodiment of the application, the principle and implementation mode of the application have been described in the application by applying specific examples; the above embodiment explanation is only for helping understanding the method of the application and its core idea; at the same time, for the general technical personnel in the art, according to the idea of the application, the specific implementation mode and application range will have the change; on the basis of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the application.

Claims

1. A topology identification method based on communication status category, characterized in that: The method is applied to a topology identification system based on communication status categories, the system comprising: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal, and a plurality of intelligent power devices, the method comprising: The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the multiple intelligent power devices; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; The first intelligent power device sends the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; The communication intelligent gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device; The communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; The first smart power device sequentially sends the characteristic identification response to the communication smart gateway through a multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is the smart distribution transformer terminal and the multi-level device among the multiple smart power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device; The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device; The communication intelligent gateway determines the topology of a target substation based on the topology of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal, including: If the communication intelligent gateway does not receive the reply signal, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is blocked; If the communication intelligent gateway receives the reply signal, obtaining the arrival time of the reply signal; If the arrival time is greater than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is an unreliable state; If the arrival time is less than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is a reliable state.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that If the communication status category of the first smart power device is the unreliable state, the communication smart gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, including: Dividing an initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device into a plurality of sub-channels based on preset parameters; Sending a test signal of preset power to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel; Determining a signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each subchannel based on the test signal; Determine a target subchannel based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each subchannel; The feature identification request is transmitted through the initial path and in the target sub-channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that If the communication status category of the first smart power device is the blocked state, the communication smart gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, including: issuing a networking instruction to the first smart power device through the smart distribution transformer terminal; Acquire multiple networking paths corresponding to the networking instruction received by the first smart power device; Determine the target networking path based on the latency, communication rate, and number of smart power devices passed through each networking path; Using the target networking path as the information transmission path of the first smart power device; The characteristic identification request is transmitted through the target networking path and in an idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Issuing the networking instruction to the first smart power device based on the smart distribution transformer terminal includes: Obtaining a two-dimensional geographical location map of the multiple smart power devices and the smart distribution transformer terminal; issuing the networking instructions to a plurality of third smart power devices in a first level respectively through the smart distribution transformer terminal, wherein the first level is a level below the smart distribution transformer terminal; Determining, based on the two-dimensional geographic location map, a time delay and a communication rate for each third smart power device to receive the networking instruction; Determining a target third smart power device from the plurality of third smart power devices based on a time delay and a communication rate at which each third smart power device receives the networking instruction, and a preset maximum time delay and a minimum communication rate; If the first smart power device exists in the target third smart power device, the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued by the smart distribution transformer terminal; If the first smart power device does not exist in the target third smart power device, the target third smart power device will respectively issue the networking instruction to multiple third smart power devices in the next layer corresponding to the target third smart power device, until the target third target smart power device in the last layer includes the first smart power device, and the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued based on the smart distribution transformer terminal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: If the communication state of the first smart power device is the reliable state, determining the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first smart power device includes: The characteristic identification request is transmitted through an initial path and in an idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topology of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device, including: Determining a hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing devices and the first intelligent power device based on a time of arrival at each level of routing devices and a characteristic identifier of each level of routing devices; Based on the hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing device and the first smart power device, a topology structure of the first smart power device is obtained.

8. A topology identification system based on communication status categories, characterized in that: The system includes: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution and transformation terminal, and a plurality of intelligent power equipment; The communication intelligent gateway is used to send a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the multiple intelligent power devices; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal is configured to obtain a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal is configured to send the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the plurality of intelligent power devices; The first intelligent power device is configured to generate a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; The first intelligent power device is configured to send the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; The communication intelligent gateway is configured to classify the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; The communication intelligent gateway is configured to determine an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on a communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; The communication intelligent gateway is configured to send a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; The first intelligent power device is configured to send the characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through a multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the multi-level device among the multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device; The communication intelligent gateway is used to obtain the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device; The communication intelligent gateway is used to determine the topology of a target substation based on the topology of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, wherein the processor is connected to the memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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