Method, architecture, device and system for enhancing WTRU with multiple antennas

Abstract

A method implemented in a WTRU is described herein. The method may include transmitting capability information indicating a number of antenna groups and receiving configuration information indicating one or more codebooks. The method may include receiving scheduling information for transmission. The scheduling information may indicate (a) a codebook indicator and one transmission precoding matrix indicator (TPMI) or (b) a plurality of TPMIs. Each TPMI may be associated with a group of antennas. The method may include determining a codebook of the one codebook or the more than one codebook based on any one of the scheduling information and the configuration information. The method may include transmitting the transmission based on the determined codebook, and (a) the one TPMI or (b) the plurality of TPMIs.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Nos. 63 / 334,927 filed on April 26, 2022, 63 / 395,953 filed on August 8, 2022, and 63 / 445,674 filed on February 14, 2023, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to the fields of communications, software, and coding, including, for example, enhanced methods, architectures, devices, and systems for wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) with multiple transmit (Tx) antennas. Background Art

[0004] According to New Radio (NR) Release 17, a WTRU may support uplink transmission with up to four layers of transmission (eg, including four transmission ports, four power amplifiers) and single codeword transmission. The embodiments described herein are designed with the above-mentioned circumstances in mind. Summary of the invention

[0005] Methods, architectures, devices, and systems for a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) with multiple transmit (Tx) antennas are described herein. In one embodiment, a first method implemented in a WTRU is described herein. The first method may include transmitting capability information indicating the number of antenna groups and receiving configuration information indicating one codebook or more than one codebook. The first method may include receiving scheduling information for transmission. In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate: (a) a codebook indicator and a transmission precoding matrix indicator (TPMI) or (b) multiple TPMIs. In various embodiments, each TPMI may be associated with an antenna group. The first method may include determining a codebook in a codebook or more than one codebook based on either the scheduling information and the configuration information. The first method may include transmitting the transmission based on the determined codebook and (a) one TPMI or (b) multiple TPMIs.

[0006] In one embodiment, a second method implemented in a WTRU is described herein. The second method may include transmitting capability information indicating a single antenna group and receiving configuration information indicating more than one codebook. The second method may include receiving scheduling information for a transmission. In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate a codebook in the more than one codebook and a transmit precoding matrix indicator (TPMI). The second method may include transmitting the transmission based on the indicated codebook and the indicated TPMI.

[0007] In one embodiment, a third method implemented in a WTRU is described herein. The third method may include transmitting capability information indicating a number of antenna groups and receiving configuration information indicating a codebook. The third method may include receiving scheduling information for a transmission. In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate a plurality of transmit precoding matrix indicators (TPMIs). In various embodiments, each TPMI may be associated with an antenna group. The third method may include transmitting the transmission based on the indicated codebook and the indicated plurality of TPMIs.

[0008] In one embodiment, a WTRU is described herein that includes a processor, and a transmitter and a receiver (eg, a transceiver) operably coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to perform any one of the first method, the second method, and the third method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] A more detailed understanding may be obtained from the following detailed description given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. As with the detailed description, each of the figures in such drawings is an example. Therefore, the drawings (figures) and detailed description should not be considered limiting, and other equally effective examples are possible and possible. In addition, the same reference numerals ("labels") in the figures indicate the same elements, and wherein:

[0010] Figure 1A is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary communication system;

[0011] Figure 1B It shows that it can be Figure 1A A system diagram of an exemplary wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) for use within the communication system shown;

[0012] Figure 1C It shows that it can be Figure 1A A system diagram of an exemplary radio access network (RAN) and an exemplary core network (CN) used within the illustrated communication system;

[0013] Figure 1D It shows that it can be Figure 1A A system diagram of yet another exemplary RAN and yet another exemplary CN used within the illustrated communication system;

[0014] Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of a transmit processing chain in a WTRU;

[0015] Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of an antenna configuration that can be used to support up to 8Tx transmission;

[0016] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for codebook determination;

[0017] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for uplink codebook and precoding determination based on WTRU antenna layout;

[0018] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for codebook determination;

[0019] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for codebook and precoding determination by a WTRU based on the number of antenna groups;

[0020] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for codebook and precoding determination by a WTRU with a single antenna group;

[0021] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for codebook and precoding determination by a WTRU having more than one antenna group;

[0022] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for determining precoding information and transmission rank information based on receiving configuration information in a separate transmission;

[0023] Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for reducing channel state information overhead for a WTRU having multiple sets of transmit antennas; and

[0024] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for enabling dynamic transmit antenna configuration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the following detailed description, many specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments and / or examples disclosed herein. However, it will be understood that such embodiments and examples can be practiced without some or all of the specific details set forth herein. In other cases, well-known methods, programs, components and circuits are not described in detail to avoid blurring the following description. In addition, the embodiments and examples not specifically described herein can replace the embodiments and other examples explicitly, implicitly and / or inherently described, disclosed or otherwise provided (collectively referred to as "providing") herein to practice or practice in combination with them. Although various embodiments in which equipment, systems, devices, etc. and / or any of its elements perform operations, processes, algorithms, functions, etc. and / or any part thereof are described and / or claimed herein, it should be understood that any embodiment described and / or claimed herein assumes that any equipment, systems, devices, etc. and / or any of its elements are configured to perform any operations, processes, algorithms, functions, etc. and / or any part thereof.

[0026] Exemplary Communication System

[0027] The methods, devices, and systems provided herein are well suited for communications involving wired and wireless networks. Figures 1A to 1D An overview of various types of wireless devices and infrastructure is provided in which various elements of a network may utilize, perform, be arranged and / or adapted and / or configured in accordance with the methods, apparatus and systems provided herein.

[0028] Figure 1A is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary communication system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. The communication system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc. to multiple wireless users. The communication system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content by sharing system resources (including wireless broadband). For example, the communication system 100 may employ one or more channel access methods such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero tail (ZT) unique word (UW) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-s OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block filtered OFDM, filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), etc.

[0029] like Figure 1AAs shown, the communication system 100 may include wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a radio access network (RAN) 104 / 113, a core network (CN) 106 / 115, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110 and other networks 112, but it will be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and / or network elements. Each of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and / or communicate in a wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d (any of which may be referred to as a “station” and / or “STA”) may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals and may include (or be) a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smart phone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi-Fi device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable device, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in the context of an industrial and / or automated process chain), a consumer electronic device, a device operating on a commercial and / or industrial wireless network, etc. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be interchangeably referred to as a UE.

[0030] The communication system 100 may also include a base station 114a and / or a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to, for example, facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106 / 115, the Internet 110, and / or the network 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B (NB), an eNode-B (eNB), a Home Node-B (HNB), a Home eNode-B (HeNB), a gNode-B (gNB), a NR Node-B (NR NB), a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. While the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and / or network elements.

[0031] The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104 / 113, which may also include other base stations and / or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), a relay node, etc. The base station 114a and / or the base station 114b may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as a cell (not shown). These frequencies may be in a licensed spectrum, an unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of a licensed spectrum and an unlicensed spectrum. A cell may provide coverage of wireless services to a specific geographic area that may be relatively fixed or may vary over time. The cell may also be divided into cell sectors. For example, the cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Therefore, in one embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one transceiver for each sector of the cell. In one embodiment, the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, and may utilize multiple transceivers for each or any sector of the cell. For example, beamforming may be used to transmit and / or receive signals in a desired spatial direction.

[0032] The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).

[0033] More specifically, as described above, the communication system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, etc. For example, the base station 114a in the RAN 104 / 113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) which may use Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) to establish the air interface 116. WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA) and / or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA may include High Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High Speed ​​Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA).

[0034] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) which may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) and / or LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-APro).

[0035] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as New Radio (NR) to establish NR radio access over the air interface 116.

[0036] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may jointly implement LTE radio access and NR radio access, for example using dual connectivity (DC) principles. Thus, the air interface used by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and / or transmissions sent to / from multiple types of base stations (e.g., eNBs and gNBs).

[0037] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 IX, CDMA2000EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), etc.

[0038] Figure 1AThe base station 114b in the example may be, for example, a wireless router, a home Node-B, a home eNode B, or an access point, and may utilize any suitable RAT to facilitate wireless connectivity in a local area, such as a business location, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a road, and the like. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN). In an embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN). In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-a, LTE-a Pro, NR, etc.) to establish any small cell, pico cell, or femto cell. Figure 1A As shown, the base station 114b may be directly connected to the Internet 110. Therefore, the base station 114b may not need to access the Internet 110 via the CN 106 / 115.

[0039] The RAN 104 / 113 may be in communication with the CN 106 / 115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications and / or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput requirements, latency requirements, fault tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, etc. The CN 106 / 115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calls, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform high-level security functions, such as user authentication. Although Figure 1A Not shown, but it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 / 113 and / or the CN 106 / 115 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT or a different RAT as the RAN 104 / 113. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104 / 113, which may be utilizing an NR radio technology, the CN 106 / 115 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) that employs any of GSM, UMTS, CDMA 2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or Wi-Fi radio technologies.

[0040] The CN 106 / 115 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include a circuit-switched telephone network that provides plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and / or the Internet Protocol (IP) in the TCP / IP Internet protocol suite. The networks 112 may include wired and / or wireless communication networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. For example, the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may use the same RAT as the RAN 104 / 114 or a different RAT.

[0041] Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communication system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks via different wireless links). Figure 1A The illustrated WTRU 102c may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.

[0042] Figure 1B is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102. Figure 1B As shown, the WTRU 102 may include, among other things, a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit / receive element 122, a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display / touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and / or other elements / peripherals 138. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0043] The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, etc. The processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit / receive element 122. Although Figure 1B The processor 118 and the transceiver 120 are depicted as separate components, but it will be appreciated that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together, such as in an electronic package or chip.

[0044] The transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit or receive signals to or from a base station (e.g., base station 114a) via an air interface 116. For example, in one embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and / or receive RF signals. In an embodiment, for example, the transmit / receive element 122 may be a transmitter / detector configured to transmit and / or receive, for example, IR, UV, or visible light signals. In one embodiment, the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive both RF signals and optical signals. It will be appreciated that the transmit / receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive any combination of wireless signals.

[0045] Although the transmit / receive element 122 is Figure 1B Although depicted as a single element in the figure, the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit / receive elements 122. For example, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit / receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.

[0046] The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate signals to be transmitted by the transmit / receive element 122 and to demodulate signals received by the transmit / receive element 122. As described above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. Thus, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs (e.g., such as NR and IEEE 802.11).

[0047] The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to and may receive user input data from: a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, and / or a display / touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display unit). The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker / microphone 124, the keypad 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128. In addition, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in any type of suitable memory, such as a non-removable memory 130 and / or a removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in a memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).

[0048] The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134 and may be configured to distribute the power to and / or control power to other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, etc.

[0049] The processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to or in lieu of the information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) over the air interface 116 and / or determine its location based on the timing of receiving signals from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0050] The processor 118 may also be coupled to other components / peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and / or hardware modules / units that provide additional features, functionality, and / or wired or wireless connectivity. For example, the components / peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an electronic compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (e.g., for photos and / or videos), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands-free headset, module, a frequency modulation (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a virtual reality and / or augmented reality (VR / AR) device, an activity tracker, etc. Components / peripherals 138 may include one or more sensors, which may be gyroscopes, accelerometers, Hall effect sensors, magnetometers, orientation sensors, proximity sensors, temperature sensors, time sensors; geolocation sensors; altimeters, light sensors, touch sensors, magnetometers, barometers, gesture sensors, biometric sensors, and / or humidity sensors.

[0051] The WTRU 102 may include a full-duplex radio in which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for both uplink (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous. The full-duplex radio may include an interference management unit to reduce and / or substantially eliminate self-interference via hardware (e.g., choke) or signal processing via a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via the processor 118). In an embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio in which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for both uplink (e.g., for transmission) or downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous.

[0052] Figure 1C 1 is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 in accordance with an embodiment. As described above, the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, and 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.

[0053] The RAN 104 may include eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNode-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, for example, the eNode-B 160a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.

[0054] Each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, and 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, user scheduling in uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL), etc. Figure 1C As shown, eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with each other via an X2 interface.

[0055] Figure 1C The illustrated CN 106 may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) 166. While each of the foregoing elements is depicted as being part of the CN 106, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0056] The MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, and 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may serve as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation / deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, etc. The MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and / or WCDMA.

[0057] The SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNode Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to or from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring the user plane during inter-eNode-B handovers, triggering paging when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and storing the context of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.

[0058] The SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.

[0059] The CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices. For example, the CN 106 may include or may communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers.

[0060] Although the WTRU Figures 1A to 1D Although depicted as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments such a terminal may (eg, temporarily or permanently) employ a wired communications interface utilizing a communications network.

[0061] In a representative embodiment, other network 112 may be a WLAN.

[0062] A WLAN in infrastructure basic service set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) for a BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP. The AP may have access or an interface to another type of wired / wireless network that reaches a distribution system (DS) or loads traffic into and / or out of the BSS. Traffic originating from outside the BSS to a STA may be reached by the AP and may be delivered to the STA. Traffic originating from a STA to a destination outside the BSS may be sent to the AP to be delivered to the corresponding destination. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be sent by the AP, for example, where the source STA may send traffic to the AP, and the AP may deliver the traffic to the destination STA. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be considered and / or referred to as point-to-point traffic. Point-to-point traffic may be sent between a source STA and a destination STA using a direct link setup (DLS) (e.g., directly sent between them). In certain representative embodiments, the DLS may use 802.11e DLS or 802.11z tunnel DLS (TDLS). A WLAN using an independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and STAs (eg, all STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other. The IBSS communication mode may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad hoc" communication mode.

[0063] When using the 802.11ac infrastructure mode of operation or a similar mode of operation, the AP can send beacons on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel. The primary channel can be a fixed width (e.g., a 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a width dynamically set via signaling. The primary channel can be an operating channel of the BSS and can be used by STAs to establish a connection with the AP. In certain representative embodiments, carrier sense multiple access collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) can be implemented, for example, in an 802.11 system. For CSMA / CA, STAs (e.g., each STA), including the AP, can sense the primary channel. If the primary signal is sensed / detected by a particular STA and / or is determined to be busy, the particular STA can back off. One STA (e.g., only one station) can transmit in a given BSS at any given time.

[0064] A high throughput (HT) STA may communicate using a 40 MHz wide channel, for example, via a combination of a primary 20 MHz channel and adjacent or non-adjacent 20 MHz channels to form a 40 MHz wide channel.

[0065] Very high throughput (VHT) STA can support 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz and / or 160MHz wide channels. 40MHz and / or 80MHz channels can be formed by combining continuous 20MHz channels. 160MHz channels can be formed by combining 8 continuous 20MHz channels, or by combining two discontinuous 80MHz channels, which can be referred to as 80+80 configuration. For 80+80 configuration, data can be passed through a fragment parser after channel coding, which can divide the data into two streams. Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing and time domain processing can be performed on each stream respectively. The stream can be mapped to two 80MHz channels, and the data can be transmitted by the transmitting STA. At the receiver of the receiving STA, the above-mentioned operation of the 80+80 configuration can be reversed, and the combined data can be sent to the media access control (MAC) layer, entity, etc.

[0066] 802.11af and 802.11ah support operating modes below 1 GHz. The channel operating bandwidth and carrier are reduced in 802.11af and 802.11ah relative to those channel operating channels and carriers used in 802.11n and 802.11ac. 802.11af supports 5MHz, 10MHz and 20MHz bandwidths in TV white space (TVWS) spectrum, and 802.11ah supports 1MHz, 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz and 16MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to a representative embodiment, 802.11ah can support meter type control / machine type communication (MTC), such as MTC devices in macro coverage. MTC devices may have certain capabilities, for example, limited capabilities, including support for (e.g., only support for) certain and / or limited bandwidths. MTC devices may include batteries with battery life above a threshold (e.g., to maintain very long battery life).

[0067] A WLAN system that can support multiple channels and channel bandwidths (such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11af, and 802.11ah) includes a channel that can be designated as a primary channel. The primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the maximum common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and / or limited by the STA that supports the minimum bandwidth operating mode among all STAs operating in the BSS. In the example of 802.11ah, for STAs (e.g., MTC-type devices) that support (e.g., only support) a 1MHz mode, the primary channel may be 1MHz wide, even if the AP and other STAs in the BSS support 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, 16MHz, and / or other channel bandwidth operating modes. Carrier sensing and / or network allocation vector (NAV) settings may depend on the state of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, due to a STA (which only supports a 1MHz operating mode) transmitting to the AP, the entire available band may be considered busy even if most of the band remains idle and may be available.

[0068] In the United States, the available frequency band that can be used by 802.11ah is 902MHz to 928MHz. In South Korea, the available frequency band is 917.5MHz to 923.5MHz. In Japan, the available frequency band is 916.5MHz to 927.5MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.11ah is 6MHz to 26MHz, depending on the country code.

[0069] Figure 1D1 is a system diagram showing the RAN 113 and the CN 115 according to an embodiment. As described above, the RAN 113 may employ NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 113 may also be in communication with the CN 115.

[0070] The RAN 113 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 113 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, the gNBs 180a, 180b may utilize beamforming to transmit signals to and / or receive signals from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. Thus, for example, the gNB 180a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation techniques. For example, the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be located on an unlicensed spectrum, while the remaining component carriers may be located on a licensed spectrum. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement coordinated multi-point (CoMP) techniques. For example, the WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from the gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and / or gNB 180c).

[0071] The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with a scalable digital architecture. For example, the OFDM symbol spacing and / or the OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and / or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframes or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of various or scalable lengths (e.g., including different numbers of OFDM symbols and / or lasting different lengths of absolute time).

[0072] The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and / or a non-standalone configuration. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without also accessing other RANs (e.g., such as the eNode Bs 160a, 160b, 160c). In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may use one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as mobility anchors. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band. In a non-standalone configuration, the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate / connect with the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating / connecting with another RAN, such as the eNode-B 160a, 160b, 160c. For example, the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c may implement the DC principle to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously. In a non-standalone configuration, the eNode-B 160a, 160b, 160c may serve as a mobility anchor for the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, and the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and / or throughput to serve the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0073] Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, user scheduling in UL and / or DL, support for network slicing, dual connectivity, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data towards a user plane function (UPF) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards an access and mobility management function (AMF) 182a, 182b, etc. Figure 1D As shown, gNB180a, 180b, and 180c can communicate with each other through the Xn interface.

[0074] Figure 1DThe illustrated CN 115 may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one session management function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and at least one data network (DN) 185a, 185b. Although each of the foregoing elements is depicted as part of the CN 115, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0075] The AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via the N2 interface and may serve as a control node. For example, the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, supporting network slicing (e.g., handling different protocol data unit (PDU) sessions with different requirements), selecting a specific SMF 183a, 183b, managing registration areas, terminating NAS signaling, mobility management, etc. The AMF 182a, 182b may use network slicing, for example, to customize CN support for the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c based on the type of service the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c is utilizing. For example, different network slices may be established for different use cases, such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for MTC access, etc. The AMF 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 113 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies (such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro) and / or non-3GPP access technologies (such as Wi-Fi).

[0076] The SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to the AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via the N11 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to the UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via the N4 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b, and configure the routing of traffic through the UPF 184a, 184b. The SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions such as managing and allocating UE IP addresses, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notification, etc. The PDU session type may be IP-based, non-IP-based, Ethernet-based, etc.

[0077] The UPF 184a, 184b may be connected via the N3 interface to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, e.g., to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. The UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, providing mobility anchoring, etc.

[0078] The CN 115 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 115 may include or may communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. In one embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to local data networks (DNs) 185a, 185b via the UPF 184a, 184b via the N3 interface to the UPF 184a, 184b and the N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b.

[0079] Given that Figures 1A to 1D and Figures 1A to 1D 102a to 102d, base stations 114a to 114b, eNode-Bs 160a to 160c, MMEs 162, SGWs 164, PGWs 166, gNBs 180a to 180c, AMFs 182a to 182b, UPFs 184a to 184b, SMFs 183a to 183b, DNs 185a to 185b, and / or any other elements / devices described herein. A simulation device may be one or more devices configured to simulate one or more or all of the functions described herein. For example, a simulation device may be used to test other devices and / or simulate network and / or WTRU functions.

[0080] The simulation device can be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a laboratory environment and / or an operator network environment. For example, one or more simulation devices can perform one or more or all functions when fully or partially implemented and / or deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network to test other devices within the communication network. One or more simulation devices can perform one or more or all functions when temporarily implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. The simulation device can be directly connected to another device for testing purposes, and / or can use over-the-air wireless communication to perform testing.

[0081] One or more simulation devices can perform one or more (including all) functions when not implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. For example, the simulation device can be used in a test scenario in a test laboratory and / or a wired and / or wireless communication network that is not deployed (e.g., tested) to implement testing of one or more components. One or more simulation devices can be test equipment. The simulation device can use direct RF connection and / or wireless communication via RF circuits (e.g., which can include one or more antennas) to transmit and / or receive data.

[0082] Throughout the embodiments described herein, the terms "base station", "network" and "gNB" are collectively referred to as "network" and can be used interchangeably to designate any network element, such as a network element that acts as a serving base station. The embodiments described herein are not limited to gNBs and are applicable to any other type of base station.

[0083] Throughout the embodiments described herein, (e.g., configuration) information may be described as being received by the WTRU from the network, such as through system information or via any kind of protocol message. Although not explicitly mentioned throughout the embodiments described herein, the same (e.g., configuration) information may be pre-configured in the WTRU (e.g., via any kind of pre-configuration method, such as via factory settings) so that the (e.g., configuration) information can be used by the WTRU without being received from the network.

[0084] Throughout the embodiments described herein, the terms "grant information," "downlink control information (DCI)," and "scheduling information" may be used interchangeably to specify information indicating the scheduling of (e.g., upcoming) transmissions. The embodiments described herein are not limited to DCI indicating the scheduling of transmissions, and any other type of information indicating the scheduling of transmissions may be applicable to the embodiments described herein.

[0085] Throughout the embodiments described herein, the terms "subset of antennas," "antenna subset," "group antenna," and "antenna group" may be used interchangeably.

[0086] For simplicity, the embodiments described herein are directed to scheduled uplink transmissions (e.g., physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions). The embodiments described herein are not limited to scheduled uplink transmissions and may be applicable to any other type of scheduled transmission that may be performed by a WTRU, such as (e.g., scheduled) sidelink transmissions.

[0087] Example of a transport processing chain

[0088] Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of a transmission processing chain in a WTRU. As shown at 21, the process may start with applying forward error correction coding and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) appending. For example, the process may generate at least one codeword at a time. The encoded bit sequence may be scrambled and modulated according to, for example, a configured modulation format, such as any of quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc. In a WTRU with multiple transmitter antennas, the sequence of modulation symbols may be mapped to multiple parallel layers, as shown at 22. The generated layers may be precoded according to the conditions of the wireless channel, as shown at 23, and mapped to their corresponding antenna ports, as shown at 24. As shown at 25, a (e.g., appropriate) waveform may be generated according to a set power through power control and transmitted over the air, as shown at 26. For (e.g., each) transmission, one or more reference signals may be generated, for example in parallel with the above process, and the one or more reference signals may be mapped together with the modulated data symbols, as shown at 20.

[0089] According to Release 17 NR specifications, a WTRU may support (e.g., perform) uplink transmissions with the following functionality:

[0090] Up to 4 layers of transmission,

[0091] 4 transmission ports,

[0092] 4 power amplifiers (Pa),

[0093] Single codeword transmission,

[0094] DFT-s-OFDM and conventional OFDM (cyclic prefix CP-OFDM dependent).

[0095] In Release 18 MIMO, to enhance coverage, reliability, and throughput, for example, for categories of WTRUs, enhancements to uplink transmissions may be considered. For example, in NR Release 18, any of the Uplink Demodulation Reference Signal (UL DMRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), and Transmit Precoding Matrix Indication (TPMI) (e.g., including codebooks) may be enhanced to enable 8Tx UL operation to support 4 or more layers per WTRU in the UL for any of Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), Fixed Wireless Access (FWA), Vehicles, and Industrial Devices. In NR Release 17, the WTRU may receive information indicating the TPMI in the scheduling DCI and may use it to determine the precoding matrix to use for transmission.

[0096] For example, a WTRU configured for 8Tx operation may have a higher power rating than Power Class 3 (PC3), and a wider range of PA ratings, e.g.

[0097] FR2 of FWA: EIRPmin = 40 to 55dBm per band

[0098] FR2 of VEH (PC2): EIRPmin = 29 to 43dBm per band

[0099] HP - Non-Handheld / Industrial (PC4) FR2: EIRPmin = 34 to 43 dBm per band Overview

[0100] This document describes a codeword layer mapping measurement method for 8Tx WTRU. For example, this document describes different examples of layer mapping for single codeword and two codewords.

[0101] Methods for precoding codebook determination and indication for 8Tx WTRUs are described herein. For example, different examples of codebook determination for taking into account different potential WTRU Tx architectures that may not be disclosed (eg, indicated) by a WTRU vendor (eg, manufacturer) are described herein.

[0102] Methods for channel state information (CSI) indication and overhead management for 8Tx WTRUs are described herein. For example, embodiments described herein may allow for reducing downlink control information (DCI) overhead by exploiting the (eg, relatively) static nature of 8Tx WTRUs.

[0103] Methods for power control of 8Tx WTRUs are described herein. For example, embodiments described herein may allow support for full power mode.

[0104] Throughout the embodiments described herein, the terms “antenna panel,” “antenna group,” and “antenna port group” may be used interchangeably.

[0105] Example of a procedure for codeword layer mapping measurements

[0106] In NR Release 17, the layer mapping for downlink transmission may be based on either single codeword transmission or dual codeword transmission. For example, for uplink transmission, codeword-to-layer mapping may be defined for single codeword transmission. For WTRUs with more than one antenna, both single codeword and dual codeword may be used.

[0107] Example of single codeword operation

[0108] In one embodiment, the WTRU may map the modulation symbols of a codeword to the (e.g., configured) number of layers in an arbitrary order. For example, the WTRU may map the modulation symbols d (0) 's is assigned to layer x (k) 's to start the mapping process. For example, for either of 6 and 8 Tx antennas, the layer-to-codeword mapping can be defined as,

[0109]

[0110] in, and This may be referred to herein as the number of modulation symbols per layer.

[0111] In one embodiment, the WTRU may apply different permutations of modulation symbols for layer mapping, where the order may change from time to time. The benefit of inter-layer randomization may be to balance potential differences in signal quality between layers. For example, the WTRU may apply inter-layer randomization as part of the codeword to layer mapping. For example, the inter-layer (e.g., randomization, permutation) function may follow a predefined function, such as any of a periodic function, pseudo-random, etc. For example, the inter-layer randomizer may be characterized by (e.g., associated with) a parameter set P, which may represent (e.g., include) one or more parameters, such as any of a seed, a period, etc.

[0112] In one embodiment, to help the gNB correctly reconstruct the order of transmitted symbols for demodulation, descrambling and decoding, the parameter set P may be known to the gNB.

[0113] In a first example, the WTRU may send information indicating parameter set P to the gNB, where the information may be conveyed via another transmission, such as any earlier transmission, a transmission on another channel (e.g., a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)), etc.

[0114] In a second example, the WTRU may receive information indicating parameter set P through either an implicit indication or an explicit indication from the gNB.

[0115] For example, the WTRU may detect (e.g., determine) the parameter set P through a dynamic indication (e.g., a scheduling DCI). The received indication may be explicit, such as explicit received information indicating a received index, etc. In another example, the received indication may be implicit, such as an index based on any of the lowest scheduled resource block (RB) for transmission, a hybrid automatic repeat request identifier (HARQ ID), a redundancy version (RV), etc.

[0116] In another example, the WTRU may determine parameter set P based on one or more system parameters (e.g., any of a cell index, a frame number, a time slot number, a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI), a synchronization signal block resource indicator (SSBRI), etc.).

[0117] For example, for a WTRU with 8Tx, inter-layer randomization may be handled as follows:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Wherein p may be based on any of a cell index, a frame number, a timeslot number, a C-RNTI, a SSBRI, an index of the lowest scheduled RB for transmission, a HARQ ID, a RV, etc., and wherein "mod" represents a modulo function.

[0121] Example of dual codeword operation

[0122] In one embodiment, the WTRU may reuse the same codeword to layer mapping as used for downlink transmissions in NR Release 17. In case the WTRU uses dual codewords for uplink transmissions, the uplink scheduling DCI may be enhanced (e.g., extended), such as DCI formats 0_0, 0_1, 0_2. In NR Release-17, the following DCI information (e.g., fields) may be available as part of the scheduling configuration that may be relevant to (e.g., applicable to) the operation of single codeword transmissions:

[0123] MCS information: Modulation and coding scheme indicating modulation, coding rate and transport block size, e.g. 5 bits.

[0124] NDI information: A new data indicator indicating whether a scheduling grant may be associated with a new transmission or a retransmission, for example, 1 bit.

[0125] RV information: indicates the redundancy version used for the scheduled transmission, for example, 2 bits.

[0126] UL-SCH information: indicates that the grant may be used for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), for example, 1 bit.

[0127] Priority indication information: indicates the priority of the scheduled transmission, such as Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC). If configured, it is not indicated, such as 1 bit.

[0128] Hybrid-ARQ process number information: indicates the Hybrid-ARQ process number used for scheduling (re)transmission, for example, 4 bits.

[0129] DAI information: Downlink allocation index.

[0130] CBGTI information: a code block group transmission indicator indicating a code block group for retransmission, for example, 6 bits.

[0131] In one embodiment, the WTRU may receive (e.g., enhanced) DCI information having (e.g., including, indicating) one or more of the following enhancements for operation using more than one codeword for uplink transmission. For example, the (e.g., enhanced) DCI information may include a per-codeword indication and / or an indication based on a single codeword.

[0132] In a first example of per-codeword indication, the (e.g., enhanced) DCI information may include two new data indicator (NDI) information elements, e.g., 2 bits, independently indicating the NDI of the (e.g., each) codeword. For example, the first NDI information element may indicate a new data indicator for the first codeword, and the second NDI information element may indicate a new data indicator for the second codeword.

[0133] In a second example of per-codeword indication, the (e.g., enhanced) DCI information may include two RV information elements, e.g., 4 bits, independently indicating the RV of the (e.g., each) codeword. For example, the first RV information element may indicate a redundant version of the first codeword, and the second RV information element may indicate a redundant version of the second codeword.

[0134] In a third example of per-codeword indication, the (eg, enhanced) DCI information may include two UL-SCH information elements, eg, 2 bits, respectively indicating whether the UL-SCH is suitable for use with the grant.

[0135] In a third example of per codeword indication, the (eg, enhanced) DCI information may include two Hybrid-ARQ process number information elements, eg, 8 bits, indicating a Hybrid-ARQ process number for each codeword.

[0136] In a fourth example of per-codeword indication, the (e.g., enhanced) DCI information may include two code block group transmission indicator (CBGTI) information elements, e.g., 12 bits, indicating a CBG transmission order for each codeword.

[0137] In a first example based on a single indication, the (eg, enhanced) DCI information may include a single modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information element, eg, 5 bits, indicating (eg, determining) the modulation and coding schemes of the two codewords.

[0138] In a second example based on a single indication, the (eg enhanced) DCI information may include a single priority indication information element, eg 1 bit, indicating the priority of the scheduled transmission.

[0139] In a third example based on a single indication, the (eg, enhanced) DCI information may include a single DAI information element indicating a downlink allocation index.

[0140] For example, in a single codeword uplink transmission, the WTRU may receive information indicating a single TPMI and SRI value to select either a precoding matrix and number of layers, respectively, for uplink transmission, and to indicate either an antenna port and beam (e.g., to be used) for the scheduled uplink transmission, respectively.

[0141] For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating more than one TPMI, where, for example, a first TPMI may be used to precode a first codeword and a second TPMI may be used to precode a second codeword. For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating more than one SRI, where, for example, a first SRI may be used to indicate a beam related to (e.g., associated with) transmission of a first codeword and a second SRI may be used to indicate a beam related to (e.g., associated with) transmission of a second codeword.

[0142] Example of determining the number of codewords

[0143] For example, for UL transmission, the number of codewords (CWs) may be determined based on the determined number of layers, where the number of layers may be referred to as a transmission rank. For example, when the transmission rank is 3 (eg, R=3), the number of layers used for UL transmission may be 3.

[0144] In one embodiment, for a (e.g., given) transmission level that may be determined for UL transmission, the number of codewords may be determined based on any of: (i) WTRU coherence capability, (ii) the number of antenna panels that may be used simultaneously for UL transmission, (iii) the codebook subsets that may be used and configured arbitrarily, and (iv) the mode of operation (e.g., single transmission reception point (TRP) or multiple TRPs).

[0145] In a first example, for a (e.g., given) transmission level that may be determined for an UL transmission, the number of codewords may be determined based on a WTRU coherence capability. For example, one or more WTRU coherence capabilities may be used, and one of the one or more WTRU coherence capabilities may be any of indicated (e.g., by information received by the WTRU), reported (e.g., indicated in information transmitted by the WTRU), or determined by the WTRU, where the WTRU coherence capability may be referred to as a WTRU transmit antenna coherence capability. For example, the WTRU coherence capability may include any of "nonCoherent", "partialAndNonCoherent", and "fullyAndPartialAndNonCoherent". For example, in a case where the WTRU transmits information indicating a first WTRU coherence capability (e.g., "fullyAndPartialAndNonCoherent"), a first number of CWs (e.g., 1 CW) may be used for a (e.g., given) transmission level (e.g., R=5). For example, in the event that the WTRU transmits information indicating a second WTRU coherence capability (eg, “nonCoherent”), a second number of CWs (eg, 2 CWs) may be used for a (eg, given) transmission rank (eg, R=5).

[0146] In a second example, for a (e.g., given) transmission level that may be determined for an UL transmission, the number of codewords may be determined based on the number of antenna panels that may be used simultaneously for the UL transmission. For example, in a case where the WTRU uses a single antenna panel for UL transmission with a (e.g., given) transmission level (e.g., R=5), a first number of CWs (e.g., 1 CW) may be used for the UL transmission. For example, in a case where the WTRU uses more than one antenna panel for UL transmission with a (e.g., given) transmission level (e.g., R=5), a second number of CWs (e.g., 2 CWs) may be used for the UL transmission. For example, information indicating the number of antenna panels used for UL transmission with a given transmission level may be transmitted (e.g., reported) by the WTRU, wherein the information may indicate any of: (i) the number of antenna panels used for (e.g., each) transmission level, (ii) the (e.g., preferred) number of CWs used for (e.g., each) transmission level, and a group-based antenna coherence indication (e.g., indicating how many antenna groups may be fully coherent).

[0147] In a third example, for a (e.g., given) transmission level that may be determined for an UL transmission, the number of codewords may be determined based on a codebook subset that may be arbitrarily used or configured. For example, one or more codebook subsets may be used. For example, a WTRU may be configured to use one of the codebook subsets for UL transmission, where (e.g., each) codebook subset may be associated with a plurality of CWs for UL transmission. For example, the codebook subset may be configured via higher layer signaling per WTRU (e.g., where the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating the codebook subset), any of a bandwidth part (BWP), a carrier, a frequency band (e.g., FR1, FR2), and a cell. For example, a codebook subset may be dynamically indicated for (e.g., each) UL transmission via received L1 signaling information (e.g., a DCI for an UL grant may include information indicating a codebook subset). For example, the codebook subset may be implicitly determined based on a WTRU coherence capability that may be arbitrarily indicated and reported.

[0148] In a fourth example, for a (e.g., given) transmission level that may be determined for an UL transmission, the number of codewords may be determined based on an operating mode (e.g., a single TRP or multiple TRPs). For example, one or more operating modes may be used for UL transmissions (e.g., based on the number of TRPs involved). For example, the WTRU may determine the number of CWs to use for UL transmissions based on the operating modes that may be used. For example, in a case where the WTRU is configured or operated with a single TRP operating mode, a single CW (e.g., 1 CW) may be used. For example, in a case where the WTRU is configured or operated with multiple TRP operating modes, more than one CW (e.g., 2 CWs) may be used. For example, an operating mode may be determined or indicated based on the number of CORESETPoolIds that may be configured for physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring (e.g., via configuration information that may be received).

[0149] For example, the number of codewords may be used interchangeably with codeword to layer mapping. For example, in the case where two CWs are used for UL transmission, if the WTRU is configured with a first codebook subset, a first CW to layer mapping may be used for (e.g., a given) level, and if the WTRU is configured with a second codebook subset, a second CW to layer mapping may be used for (e.g., a given) level.

[0150] In one example, for R=3, where the WTRU is configured with the first codebook subset, the first CW may be mapped to (e.g., associated with) the first layer and the second layer, and the second CW may be mapped to (e.g., associated with) the third layer. Otherwise, the first CW may be mapped to (e.g., associated with) the first layer, and the second CW may be mapped to (e.g., associated with) the second layer and the third layer.

[0151] Table 1 shows an example of a condition-based mapping (e.g., association) of CWs to layers. For example, conditions #1 and #2 may be determined based on any of the following: (i) WTRU coherence capability, (ii) the number of antenna panels that may be used simultaneously for UL transmission, (iii) the codebook subsets that may be used and configured arbitrarily, and (iv) the mode of operation.

[0152]

[0153] Table 1: Example of CW to layer mapping for conditional based Tx level.

[0154] In one embodiment, the number of layers of (e.g., each) CW may be determined based on the transmission level indicated for each TRP. For example, in the case where UL transmission is for multiple TRPs, (e.g., each) TRP may transmit information indicating the transmission level used for UL transmission, and the total UL transmission level may be determined based on the aggregate number of transmission levels indicated from one or more TRPs.

[0155] Example of precoding codebook determination and indication

[0156] Figure 3 31, 32, 33 are diagrams showing examples of antenna configurations that may be used to support up to 8Tx transmissions. For example, based on any of its RF structure, its capability reporting, virtualization capabilities, etc., the WTRU may support one or more codebooks for uplink precoding. For example, based on its reported (e.g., transmitted) capabilities (e.g., information), the WTRU may receive information indicating the use of a particular codebook for TPMI.

[0157] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for codebook determination and interpretation of TPMI. For example, the WTRU may send first information 41 to assist the gNB in ​​configuring an uplink codebook. For example, the first information 41 may indicate any of coherence capabilities, virtualization capabilities, antenna (e.g., panel) configurations, power ratings (e.g., capabilities), etc. For example, the WTRU may receive second information 42 indicating one or more (e.g., valid) codebooks (e.g., to be used for UL transmissions). For example, the WTRU may receive third information 43 (e.g., scheduling DCI) including TPMI information. The third information 43 may indicate activation of one of the valid codebooks. For example, the WTRU may interpret the TPMI based on the activated codebook and may use it to transmit an uplink transmission 44, such as in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

[0158] Example of precoding codebook determination based on antenna structure

[0159] For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its (e.g., generic) antenna structure for use by the gNB in ​​properly selecting and configuring the codebook. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating whether its antenna structure may be based on a cross-polarization array (e.g., Figure 3 "a)" in ), arrays of uniform linear arrays (e.g., Figure 3 "b)" in ) or a single uniform line array (e.g. Figure 3 "c)" in ), etc. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating the number of antennas, panels, etc.

[0160] In one embodiment, the WTRU may transmit information indicating one or more (e.g., capability) parameters that are representative of (e.g., reflective of, indicative of) a WTRU antenna (e.g., panel) configuration (e.g., a base antenna (e.g., panel) configuration) that may be used to determine one or more of a plurality of UL codebooks for uplink transmission. For example, the plurality of UL codebooks may be any of predefined, predetermined, preconfigured in the WTRU, and indicated by configuration information that the WTRU may receive.

[0161] In a first example, one or more capability parameters may indicate the number of dimensions (which may be referred to herein as D) of UL precoder generation that the WTRU may support (eg, implement).

[0162] For example, where the number of dimensions (e.g., being reported) is 1, any one of the UL codebooks based on one (e.g., single) dimension for precoder generation and the corresponding TPMI index (e.g., Figure 3 ” or “c)” in “b)” or “c)”), any of a non-Kronecker type codebook, a linear type codebook, etc. For example, the gNB may transmit information indicating any of a non-Kronecker type codebook and a linear type codebook to be used by the WTRU.

[0163] For example, where the number of dimensions (e.g., being reported) is two, the WTRU may determine (e.g., construct, configure, indicate, use) any one of the UL codebooks and corresponding TPMI indices based on the availability of two dimensions for precoder generation (e.g., Figure 3 ”a) in “a)”), a Kronecker type codebook including at least two dimensions (such as a horizontal component and a vertical component), etc. For example, the gNB may transmit information indicating the determined Kronecker type codebook (e.g., including at least two dimensions (such as a horizontal component and a vertical component)) to be used by the WTRU.

[0164] For example, where the number of dimensions (e.g., being reported) is greater than or equal to 2, any one of an UL codebook and a corresponding TPMI index based on the availability of at least two dimensions for precoder generation may be determined (e.g., constructed, configured, indicated, used) for the WTRU.

[0165] For example, for any number of dimensions, a UL precoder (eg, corresponding to a TPMI index) may be determined (eg, constructed) based on a function of D components, each of which represents a separate beam (eg, a precoder domain).

[0166] For example, for an arbitrary number of dimensions, an UL precoder (e.g., corresponding to more than one TPMI index) may be determined (e.g., constructed) based on a function of the D components and based on one or more mappings (e.g., associations) between one TPMI index and a subset of the D components, each of which represents a separate beam (e.g., precoder domain). For example, in the event that UL grant information indicating an UL grant is received, the more than one TPMI index associated with the UL precoder may be indicated by information received by the WTRU. For example, the one or more mappings (e.g., associations) between one TPMI index and a subset of the D components may be any of preconfigured, predefined, determined, and indicated by configuration information received by the WTRU.

[0167] In a second example, one or more capability parameters may indicate a number of WTRU panels (which may be referred to herein as P) that the WTRU may support (e.g., implement). For clarity, the embodiments described herein have a number of WTRU panels (P) that may be up to P=2. Numbers of WTRU panels greater than two (e.g., P>2) may be applicable to the embodiments described herein.

[0168] In the case where the WTRU includes one panel (e.g., if, for example, P being reported is equal to 1), any of the UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index that is not based on a (e.g., specific) beam (e.g., precoder field) distance (e.g., gap) may be determined (e.g., constructed, configured, indicated, used) for the WTRU. For example, the gNB may transmit information indicating the determined UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index.

[0169] In the case where the WTRU includes more than one panel (e.g., if, for example, P being reported is greater than or equal to 2), any of the UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index may be determined (e.g., constructed, configured, indicated, used) based on the availability of two WTRU panels for the WTRU to communicate with the gNB (in the uplink). For example, the UL codebook may include a first sub-codebook (e.g., sub-codebook 1 corresponding to the first WTRU panel) and a second sub-codebook (e.g., sub-codebook 2 corresponding to the second WTRU panel).

[0170] In one example, the WTRU may receive UL grant information (e.g., DCI) indicating at least two TPMI indexes, wherein a first TPMI index of the at least two TPMI indexes may be indicated based on a first subcodebook, and a second TPMI index of the at least two TPMI indexes may be indicated based on a second subcodebook. In one example, the WTRU may receive information indicating at least one inter-panel TPMI index (e.g., a value) (e.g., in the UL grant information), wherein the at least one inter-panel TPMI index (e.g., a value) may be applied between the indicated two TPMIs (e.g., the first TPMI and the second TPMI). The accuracy of indicating a beam (e.g., a precoder) for a PUSCH may be improved, for example, based on a combination between the first TPMI, the second TPMI, and the inter-panel TPMI.

[0171] In a third example, for example, in terms of a (e.g., geographical) distance between (e.g., any) two UL antenna ports that the WTRU may support (e.g., implement), the one or more capability parameters may indicate a level of regularity (e.g., uniformity) between the UL antenna ports. For example, the level of regularity (e.g., uniformity) may be predefined based on a level number L, where L may be any integer between 0 and a maximum level number, which may be referred to herein as L. max .

[0172] For example, when the number of levels (eg, being reported) equals the maximum number of levels (eg, if L=L max ), any one of the UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index may be determined (e.g., constructed, configured, indicated, used) for the WTRU based on the availability of equal distance between the two UL antenna ports (e.g., associated with a uniform (e.g., linear) array). For example, the gNB may transmit information indicating any one of the determined UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index.

[0173] For example, in the case where the number of levels (e.g., being reported) is equal to zero (e.g., if L=0), any of the UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index may be determined (e.g., constructed, configured, indicated, used) for the WTRU without the availability of equal distance between the two UL antenna ports. For example, any of the UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index may be determined for (e.g., each) precoder (e.g., TPMI) generation in a random sampling manner. For example, the random sampling manner may be applied (e.g., performed) in a restricted beam (e.g., spatial) domain, for example, based on the WTRU panel coverage (if P>=2 is reported, etc.).

[0174] For example, if the level number (e.g., being reported) is between zero and the maximum level number (e.g., if 0 <L<L max ) can be based on L = L max Any combination between the case where L=0 and the case where L=0 (or a mixed subset based on the TPMI) determines (eg, constructs, configures, indicates, uses) any one of the UL codebook and the corresponding TPMI index for the WTRU.

[0175] For example, as described herein, transmitting (e.g., reporting) one or more (e.g., capability) parameters indicating (e.g., representing, reflecting) the antenna (e.g., panel) structure of the WTRU can improve uplink performance by allowing the WTRU to apply a flexible (e.g., scalable) UL codebook determination (e.g., construction, generation).

[0176] Example of coherence-based precoding codebook determination

[0177] For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its coherence capability, such as for selection of a precoder subset by the gNB. For example, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., report) information indicating more than one coherence capability. In one embodiment, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its coherence capability based on a configured codebook. For example, in the case where the WTRU is configured with a Kronecker-based codebook, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., report) information indicating one type of coherence capability, and in the case where the WTRU is configured with a codebook corresponding to an array of uniform linear arrays, the WTRU may transmit information indicating another type of coherence capability. In one embodiment, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its coherence capability for either CW and panel. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating partial coherence for a single CW transmission, and information indicating full coherence for two CW transmissions. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating partial coherence for two panel transmissions, and information indicating full coherence for each panel transmission.

[0178] In one embodiment, the WTRU may transmit information indicating one or more (e.g., capability) parameters indicating (e.g., representing, reflecting) coherence capabilities across any antenna and panel of the WTRU, which may be used to determine one or more of a plurality of UL codebooks and for selecting any of a precoder subset by the gNB. For example, the plurality of UL codebooks may be any of predefined, predetermined, preconfigured in the WTRU, and indicated by configuration information that may be received by the WTRU.

[0179] For example, a WTRU may transmit information indicating more than one coherence capability, such as for a codebook based WTRU transmission scheme.

[0180] In one embodiment, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its coherence capability based on the configured UL codebook. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating one type of coherence capability if the WTRU is configured with a first (e.g., Kronecker-based) codebook, and transmit information indicating another type of coherence capability if the WTRU is configured with a second codebook (e.g., corresponding to an array-type antenna structure, such as a uniform linear array, etc.).

[0181] In one embodiment, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its coherence capability for each CW and for each WTRU panel.

[0182] In a first example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating “partial coherence” for a single CW transmission (e.g., case 1) and “full coherence” for two CW transmissions (e.g., case 2):

[0183] The WTRU may receive, for example, (e.g., configuration) information indicating whether a single CW may be used or two CWs may be used for subsequent UL transmissions. For example, in response to receiving the (e.g., configuration) information, a UL codebook to be applied to subsequent UL transmissions may be selected (e.g., modified, updated).

[0184] For example, where a single CW transmission mode is indicated (e.g., via received information), the WTRU may determine (e.g., be constructing) a first UL codebook based on partial coherence (e.g., where one or more TPMIs of the first UL codebook may be generated based on the availability of partial coherence).

[0185] For example, where two CW transmission modes are indicated (e.g., via received information), the WTRU may determine (e.g., be constructing) a second UL codebook based on full coherence (e.g., where one or more TPMIs of the second UL codebook may be generated based on the availability of full coherence).

[0186] In a second example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating “partial coherence” for (simultaneous) multi-panel (SMP) transmission operations and “full coherence” for per-panel UL transmission operations:

[0187] The WTRU may receive, for example, (e.g., configuration) information indicating whether the SMP transmission mode or the non-SMP transmission mode may be used (e.g., applied) for subsequent UL transmissions. In response to receiving the (e.g., configuration) information, the UL codebook to be applied to the subsequent UL transmission may be selected (e.g., changed).

[0188] For example, when the SMP transmission mode is arbitrarily indicated and enabled (e.g., via received information), the WTRU may determine (e.g., be constructing) a first UL codebook based on partial coherence (e.g., where one or more TPMIs of the first UL codebook may be generated based on the availability of partial coherence).

[0189] For example, in the event that a non-SMP (e.g., per-panel UL) transmission mode is arbitrarily indicated and enabled (e.g., by receiving information), the WTRU may determine (e.g., being constructed) a second UL codebook based on full coherence (e.g., where one or more TPMIs of the second UL codebook may be generated based on the availability of full coherence).

[0190] For example, transmitting information indicating one or more (e.g., capability) parameters that indicate (e.g., represent, reflect) the coherence capability of any antennas and panels across the WTRU can improve uplink performance by allowing the WTRU to apply a flexible (e.g., scalable) UL codebook determination (e.g., construction, generation).

[0191] Example of precoding codebook determination based on virtualization

[0192] For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its virtualization capabilities, such as how combining on different or the same polarization may be performed. For example, in a case where the WTRU is configured to apply a Kronecker-based precoder, the WTRU may receive information indicating the configuration of an 8-port SRS and the definition of virtualization. For example, the SRS configuration may be enhanced (e.g., extended) to include virtualization information. In another example, the WTRU may receive information indicating the configuration for an 8-port SRS, and the virtualization may be based on (e.g., determined by) a WTRU implementation. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its virtualization capabilities.

[0193] For example, a WTRU may include one or more polarized antenna elements, which may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. For example, (e.g., each) antenna panel may be (e.g., defined as) a rectangular array of M rows and N columns of antenna elements. The total number of antenna elements may be calculated as M*N*P, where P may be the number of polarizations (e.g., 2 if dual polarization).

[0194] For example, the WTRU may apply a linear combination vector across a group of antenna elements along either the vertical dimension or the horizontal dimension so that the group of antenna elements may be mapped to (e.g., associated with) a single antenna port. This mapping (e.g., association) operation may be referred to herein as port virtualization. For example, the linear combination may include an angular component so that the antenna port may transmit at an effective fixed tilt angle. For example, for a general array, the array of antenna ports may be referred to herein as VxHy, where x may be the number of vertical antenna ports and y may be the number of horizontal antenna ports, for a total of x*y antenna ports. For example, an array of four vertical antenna elements may be virtualized as one antenna port tilted 100 degrees downward. This configuration may be referred to herein as (M, N, P) = (4, 1, 1), which may be virtualized as a V1H1 antenna port. The same array may be virtualized as different combinations of V and H. For example, for the same array, the WTRU may virtualize antenna elements in pairs as a V2H1 configuration, where one (e.g., each) antenna port may be a linear combination of two antenna elements. For example, in case one antenna element is virtualized for each antenna port, the WTRU may obtain (eg, at most) V*H=M*N*P antenna ports.

[0195] For example, the WTRU may apply a precoder across antenna ports, where the precoder may be (e.g., defined as) a linear combination of signals from different antenna ports. The precoder may be represented by a complex vector, and the number of rows of the vector may be equal to the number of transmit antenna ports. In the case of supporting more than one layer, the precoder may be a matrix (e.g., represented by the above matrix) whose number of columns may be equal to the number of layers.

[0196] In Release 17 NR, the network can precode downlink transmissions for a two-dimensional antenna port array. For such a two-dimensional antenna array, a Kronecker-based precoding codebook can be defined as a function of the number of vertical antenna ports x and horizontal antenna ports y. For example, the codebook may include one or more precoders, one index per codebook, thereby identifying an (e.g., precoder) entry in the codebook. For example, a first linear combination vector can be used across horizontal antenna ports, and a second linear combination vector can be used across vertical antenna ports. The precoder can be determined (e.g., constructed) based on the Kronecker product of the horizontal linear combination vector and the vertical linear combination vector, and the precoder can be identified by an index. In another example, a precoder can be identified by more than one index, where (e.g., each) index can identify a horizontal linear combination vector and a vertical linear combination vector, respectively.

[0197] For example, different numbers of vertical antenna ports and horizontal antenna ports may produce different angular resolutions in either the vertical domain or the horizontal domain. In the downlink, the VxHy parameter may be indicated to the WTRU via information indicating the CSI reporting configuration. For example, the parameter may remain static (e.g., due to a fixed transmitter).

[0198] This document describes reporting capabilities for supporting different antenna virtualizations by a WTRU.

[0199] In Release 17 NR, the Kronecker codebook may not be used for the uplink. For example, depending on the WTRU location and direction of movement relative to the network, the WTRU may determine different (e.g., optimal) VxHy antenna port combinations, which may depend on either the WTRU panel and the receive TRP. For example, the WTRU may determine the precoder for the uplink based on the downlink Kronecker-based codebook.

[0200] In one embodiment, the WTRU may transmit capability information indicating virtualization capabilities to the network. The capability information may indicate one or more of the following:

[0201] In a first example, the capability information may indicate the size of its antenna array, such as any of the number of vertical antenna elements, the number of horizontal network elements, and the number of polarizations (eg, M, N, and P).

[0202] In a second example, the capability information may indicate one or more virtualization configurations (eg, VxHy).

[0203] In a third example, the capability information may indicate the number of ports supported (e.g., up to eight).

[0204] In a fourth example, the capability information may indicate a dynamic virtualization switching capability (e.g., indicating whether VxHy may be dynamically switched). For example, the capability information may include a flag indicating whether the two antenna port configurations may be switched within a delay that satisfies a condition (e.g., less than a threshold T). For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating the condition (e.g., threshold T) from the network as part of the CSI report configuration (e.g., information indicating the same).

[0205] In a fifth example, the capability information may indicate a panel index for each of any one of the antenna array and the VxHy configuration.

[0206] In a sixth example, the capability information may indicate support for a Kronecker-based codebook.

[0207] For example, after sending information indicating its ability to support a Kronecker-based codebook, the WTRU may (e.g., desire) to use either a Kronecker-based or a non-Kronecker-based codebook for scheduling. For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating a CSI reporting configuration for an uplink transmission with a flag, and the WTRU may determine to use a Kronecker-based codebook for uplink transmission based on the flag. For example, in the case where the flag indicates off, the WTRU may use a non-Kronecker-based codebook. For example, in the case where the flag indicates on, the WTRU may use a Kronecker-based codebook. In another example, the WTRU may receive information indicating a dynamic flag as part of a grant information (e.g., DCI).

[0208] For example, the network may generate a code point table based on the capability information, where (e.g., each) code point may be associated with a VxHy configuration. For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating the code point table. For example, the WTRU may switch the VxHy configuration for uplink transmission based on receiving information indicating an index from the code point table (e.g., through grant information (e.g., DCI)). For example, the WTRU may transmit first information indicating capabilities of V1H2 and V2H1. The WTRU may receive second information indicating a code point table, where index 0 may indicate V1H2 and index 1 may indicate V2H1. For example, the WTRU may receive grant information indicating a PUSCH grant with index 0 from the code point, and the WTRU may determine a codebook for a precoder (e.g., a Kronecker-based codebook for a V2H1 port) based on the code point. For example, the WTRU may determine a TPMI indicating a precoder from the V2H1 codebook.

[0209] For example, the WTRU may determine a VxHy configuration based on received information indicating a UL transmission configuration indication (TCI). For example, the WTRU may receive UL TCI information that may include (e.g., indicate) any of a quasi co-location (QCL) relationship of a reference signal (RS) with a determined VxHy and an explicit indication of VxHy to be used with the UL TCI. For example, the UL TCI may be configured to be QCL'd with an SRS using V2H1. VxHy may correspond to a new QCL type (e.g., Type-VH) for UL TCI, where a target RS may be (e.g., deemed to be) QCL'd Type-VH with a source RS, provided that the antenna port of the target RS is virtualized using the same VxHy configuration as the source RS.

[0210] In one embodiment, the WTRU may determine a VxHy configuration (e.g., its selection) based on any of WTRU measurements and conditions. For example, the WTRU may determine a (e.g., preferred) VxHy configuration based on measurements made on one or more DL RSs, where the WTRU may change its VxHy configuration at different time instances. For example, taking into account reciprocity, the same configuration used to receive DL RSs may be used for SRS transmissions.

[0211] For example, a WTRU may receive a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) where a receive antenna port is virtualized as V1H1 and receive the same CSI-RS at a separate time instance where the receive antenna port is virtualized as V2H1. For example, the WTRU may measure the received signal quality of two CSI-RS (e.g., each of the two CSI-RS). For example, the WTRU may determine that the received signal quality on V2H1 may be higher than that on V1H1. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating a CSI report, which may include a VxHy configuration for (e.g., each) CSI resource indicator (CRI) and an associated signal quality (e.g., any of a reference signal received power (RSRP), a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a signal-to-interference noise ratio (SINR)).

[0212] In another example, (e.g., each) CRI may be associated with a WTRU VxHy configuration such that the WTRU may implicitly indicate the VxHy configuration via the CRI (e.g., transmitting information indicating the CRI). For example, the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating a CSI-RS configuration, wherein (e.g., each) CRI may include the VxHy configuration used by the WTRU upon reception (e.g., associated with the VxHy configuration).

[0213] In another example, the WTRU may cycle through different VxHy configurations. For example, the WTRU may receive a CSI-RS with two repetitions (e.g., two transmissions), and the WTRU may receive a first repetition (e.g., a first transmission) using one VxHy configuration and a second repetition (e.g., a second transmission) using a second configuration. For example, where more than one virtualization is supported (e.g., available), the WTRU may cycle through a pattern of VxHy that may be pre-configured (e.g., cyclic or sequential).

[0214] In one embodiment, the WTRU may receive information indicating an SRS configuration with more than one VxHy configuration. For example, the WTRU may semi-statically or dynamically select a configuration for SRS transmission.

[0215] For example, for aperiodic SRS (A-SRS), the WTRU may receive information indicating a trigger command, which may include an indication of a VxHy configuration to be used.

[0216] In another example, a VxHy configuration may be activated for each SRS resource set so that the WTRU may determine to use it for any SRS resource contained in the resource set. The WTRU may receive information (e.g., a MAC control element (MAC-CE)) indicating activation of a configuration. In another example, the WTRU may transmit information, such as a MAC-CE, indicating activation of a VxHy configuration.

[0217] In another example, more than one VxHy configuration may be included in one SRS resource set, and the WTRU may determine the VxHy configuration based on the SRS resource index.

[0218] In another example, the WTRU may transmit an SRS configuration with a dynamically switched VxHy configuration. For example, a first repetition (e.g., transmission) may be mapped to (e.g., associated with) a first VxHy configuration (e.g., VIH2), and a second repetition (e.g., transmission) may be mapped to (e.g., associated with) a second VxHy configuration (V2H1).

[0219] For example, (eg, each) configuration may be associated with multiple SRS antenna ports. For example, any SRS resource with 8 antenna ports may use one VxHy configuration, while other number (eg, size) of antenna port configurations may use another VxHy configuration.

[0220] For example, the WTRU may determine a VxHy configuration and may transmit information indicating the determined VxHy configuration to the network. For example, the WTRU may (e.g., expect) to receive grant information indicating an uplink grant and a TPMI from a codebook having the determined VxHy configuration. For example, the WTRU may (e.g., semi-statically) receive configuration information indicating a codebook configuration (e.g., either Kronecker or non-Kronecker) for codebook selection and TPMI indication. For example, the WTRU may determine a precoding codebook based on the number of antenna ports, the VxHy configuration, and any of the SRI. For example, a Kronecker-based codebook may be used (e.g., only) for 8 antenna port precoders, and other antenna ports may use other codebooks (e.g., as defined in NR Release 17). For example, in the case where the WTRU receives grant information indicating an uplink grant for 8 antenna ports for PUSCH transmission, the WTRU may determine to use a precoder based on a Kronecker codebook from the 8 antenna ports, and the WTRU may determine the parameters of the codebook (e.g., VxHy) based on the SRI indicated in the grant information, in the case where (e.g., each) SRI is associated with VxHy. For example, in the case where the SRI (e.g., only) indicates the number of ports, the WTRU may receive additional information indicating the VxHy parameters so that the WTRU may index (e.g., determine, select) the TPMI from the correct codebook. For example, in the case where the WTRU receives grant information indicating an uplink grant with a 4-port SRI, the WTRU may receive additional flag information indicating whether to use a Kronecker-based or non-Kronecker-based codebook.

[0221] Example of dynamic activation of precoding codebook

[0222] In one embodiment, the WTRU may support (e.g., use, operate) one or more codebooks for uplink precoding based on a set of WTRU reported capabilities (e.g., any of RF / antenna / panel structure, coherence capabilities, virtualization capabilities, etc.). In one embodiment, the WTRU may determine the codebook for uplink precoding using one or more of the following three examples:

[0223] In a first example, (eg, in addition to transmitting information indicating the (eg, supported) capabilities), the WTRU may transmit information indicating support for a codebook for (eg, each supported) capability.

[0224] In a second example, the WTRU may (e.g., only) transmit information indicating its (e.g., implementation-based) capabilities, such as any of antenna structure, coherence, virtualization, etc., from which the supported codebooks may be implicitly determined.

[0225] In a third example, the WTRU may (e.g., only) transmit information indicating the codebooks it supports for uplink transmission. For example, the WTRU may not transmit information indicating its (e.g., implementation-based) capabilities, such as any of antenna structure, coherence, virtualization.

[0226] In one embodiment, (e.g., each) codebook may be used for a subset of the indicated (e.g., reported) capabilities. For example, the WTRU may be able to support fully coherent codebooks for a first subset of panels (e.g., one panel), and partially coherent codebooks for transmission from a second subset of panels (e.g., two panels). In another example, the WTRU may support a first number of SRS ports on one panel (e.g., associated with a first codebook), and a second number of SRS ports on another panel (e.g., associated with a second codebook).

[0227] In one embodiment, based on the transmitted (eg, reported) capability information, the WTRU may receive either semi-static information or dynamic information indicating the use of a (eg, specific) codebook to interpret the received TPMI.

[0228] In a first example, the WTRU may receive (eg, via RRC signaling) (eg, semi-static) information indicating a radio resource control (RRC) configuration. For example, the RRC configuration may (eg, semi-statically) indicate one of the supported codebooks to be used.

[0229] In a second example, the WTRU may receive (e.g., dynamic) information indicating activation of a codebook for interpreting the TPMI. For example, the WTRU may receive any of a MAC CE and a DCI to activate one or more codebooks for use by the WTRU. For example, the WTRU may receive (e.g., additional) information, such as a DCI field in a scheduling DCI indicating selection (e.g., activation) of a (e.g., specific) codebook. For example, the activated codebook based on the received information may remain valid until another dynamic information is received indicating deactivation of the selected codebook and selection of any of a different codebook. In another example, the activated codebook may expire after a validity period. For example, the validity period may be any of fixed (e.g., pre-configured) and configured based on any of received configuration information, WTRU capabilities, WTRU mobility, etc. For example, after the codebook may have expired, a default codebook may be used.

[0230] Figure 5 is a diagram showing an example of a method for UL codebook and precoding determination based on WTRU antenna layout.

[0231] As shown at 51, the WTRU may transmit capability information, for example including antenna layout information. For example, the capability information may indicate the WTRU's ability to support at least one codebook for transmission (e.g., either uplink and sidelink). The capability information may be indicated implicitly and / or explicitly.

[0232] For example, the capability information may indicate the number of antenna groups (which may be referred to herein as Ng). For example, (e.g., each, one or more) antenna groups may be associated with a coherence capability. For example, the capability information may indicate, for (e.g., each) antenna group, a coherence capability associated with the antenna group.

[0233] In one example, the WTRU may explicitly indicate which types of codebooks may be supported. For example, the WTRU (e.g., capability information transmitted by the WTRU) may indicate whether codebooks based on NR Release 15 DL codebooks, and / or based on NR Release 15 UL codebooks, and / or subsets thereof, etc. may be supported. For example, the WTRU may explicitly indicate (e.g., in the capability information) the number of antenna groups Ng.

[0234] In another example, the WTRU may implicitly indicate the number of codebooks and / or antenna groups. In one example, the WTRU may indicate the number of antenna groups Ng as an implicit indication of the codebook type (e.g., capability information indicating the number of antenna groups may (e.g., implicitly) indicate the type of the codebook). In another example, the indication of the number of codebooks and / or antenna groups may be based on a coherence capability indication (e.g., information). For example, the WTRU may indicate the use of a first class (e.g., type) of codebooks by indicating its full coherence capability, and may indicate the use of a second class (e.g., type) of codebooks by indicating its partial coherence or incoherence capability. For example, a first class (e.g., type) of codebooks may be associated with full coherence capability, and a second class (e.g., type) of codebooks may be associated with partial coherence and / or incoherence capability. For example, the capability information (e.g., transmitted by the WTRU) may include additional information about (e.g., indicating) the WTRU's support parameters for the (e.g., implicitly) indicated class. The additional information may include information related to parameterization of the codebook, for example, any of an oversampling rate, the number of horizontal and vertical beams, and the like.

[0235] As indicated at 52, the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating a codebook or more than one codebook (eg, based on the transmitted capability information).

[0236] As shown at 53, the WTRU may receive scheduling information for transmission (e.g., either uplink or sidelink), such as PUSCH scheduling. For example, depending on the type of codebook and the number of antenna groups, the scheduling information may indicate (i) a codebook indicator and a TPMI, and (ii) any one of a plurality of TPMIs, where, for example, each TPMI may be associated with an antenna group.

[0237] In a first example, for example, when the number of antenna groups is one, the scheduling information may indicate a codebook indicator and one TPMI.

[0238] In a second example, the scheduling information may indicate multiple TPMIs. For example, (eg, each) TPMI may be associated with an antenna group. For example, in the case where the number of antenna groups is (eg, strictly) greater than one, the scheduling information may indicate multiple TPMIs.

[0239] As shown at 54, the WTRU may perform (e.g., make) transmissions based on a codebook or a codebook in more than one codebook and (a) a TPMI or (b) multiple TPMIs that may have been indicated by the scheduling information. The codebook used to perform the transmission may be the codebook indicated by any of the configuration information and the codebook indicator.

[0240] In various embodiments, the configuration information may indicate more than one codebook. For example, a codebook indicator (eg, indicated by the scheduling information) may indicate a codebook among the indicated more than one codebooks to be used, for example, for the scheduled transmission.

[0241] In various embodiments, in the case where the number of antenna groups is one, one codebook or a codebook among more than one codebooks (eg, used to perform transmission) may have been indicated in the configuration information.

[0242] In various embodiments, the configuration information may indicate a single (eg, configured) codebook. For example, transmission may be performed based on a single (eg, configured) codebook and multiple TPMIs (eg, multiple TPMIs are associated with the single configured codebook).

[0243] Example of CSI indication and overhead management

[0244] For example, a WTRU with many antennas may be used in any fixed wireless access and customer premises equipment. Given the relatively static nature of the wireless channel, such as in fixed wireless access, the indication of CSI and some other scheduling information in favor of dynamic indications may be avoided. For example, CSI and other scheduling information may be distributed over any of the RRC, MAC CE, and DCI (e.g., information) indications. At a high level, the information that may be indicated (e.g., transmitted) to the WTRU may be divided into two groups: a slowly varying component and a rapidly varying component.

[0245] In one embodiment, the WTRU may receive a first set of (eg, CSI and scheduling) information via either RRC and MAC CE configurations and a second set of information via a dynamic (eg, information) indication (eg, transmission).

[0246] For example, the WTRU may determine any of rank information, MCS information, and antenna port indication based on a first set of information received through any of RRC and MAC CE signaling, and the WTRU may determine other information such as any of TPMI, time domain resource allocation (TDRA), etc. through a second set (e.g., scheduling DCI) of information. Separating the transmission of indications of rank information and precoding information may allow for a reduction in the overhead of TPMI indication, where, for example, precoding information and rank information may be indicated by the same received TPMI.

[0247] In NR Release 17, uplink precoding can be based on single-level precoding with limited resolution. Supporting higher resolution codebooks can increase the CSI payload that can be carried in the DCI.

[0248] In a first example, the WTRU may receive first information indicating a slower varying component (e.g., coarse resolution) in the CSI, such as a wideband precoder, beam information, etc., via a first indication (e.g., a first transmission), and receive second information indicating a faster varying component (e.g., fine resolution) in the CSI, such as subband coefficients, via a second indication (e.g., a second transmission). Separating the slower varying component indication and the faster varying component indication in two different information transmissions may allow support for CSI for higher resolution codebooks, such as Type II CSI, and keep the generated overhead limited. For example, the first information may be based on (e.g., transmitted via) any of RRC and MAC CE signaling, and the second information may be received using any of MAC CE and DCI indications.

[0249] In a second example, the WTRU may not receive information indicating estimated CSI. For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating a change from a most recently reported (e.g., transmitted) value, such as a differential indication of the CSI. The differential indication may allow for exploitation of the relatively static nature of the channel so that the impact of PDCCH misses and error propagation may remain limited. For example, the WTRU may use a differential indication of a subset of CSI elements (e.g., receive information indicating the differential indication). For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating a set of incremental corrections in beam combining coefficients (e.g., instead of the actual (e.g., full) values).

[0250] In a third example, the WTRU may determine CSI information by receiving two DCIs. For example, the WTRU may receive a first DCI and a second DCI, wherein the WTRU may receive the first DCI at a higher frequency (e.g., more frequently) than the second DCI. For example, the first DCI may include scheduling information indicating a faster change, such as any of TDRA, W2, etc., and the second DCI may include slower changing information indicating any of rank, W1, etc., associated with a slower changing CSI. In another example, the WTRU may receive a first DCI that schedules a first uplink transmission having a fixed length, and a second DCI that schedules a second uplink transmission having a variable length that may be indicated by the first DCI. For example, the WTRU may receive (e.g., only receive) the second DCI in the event that the channel-related information is updated.

[0251] In one embodiment, the set of Tx antennas of the WTRU may be grouped into one or more subsets. The grouping of the Tx antennas may be fixed, for example, based on the WTRU implementation. For example, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., capability) information to the gNB indicating the grouping of the Tx antennas in different subsets. The (e.g., capability) information may indicate any of the number of subsets, the number of Tx antennas per subset, coherence capability, power capacity, virtualization capability, etc. For example, the WTRU may receive configuration information (e.g., any of semi-static configuration information and dynamic configuration information) for uplink transmission based on the (e.g., capability) information transmitted to the gNB.

[0252] In one embodiment, the WTRU may use more than one antenna subset for uplink transmission. For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating one or more (e.g., multiple groups) of transmission configuration parameters, such as any one of a transmission rank, precoding, and beam indication corresponding to (e.g., each) subset.

[0253] In a first example, a WTRU may receive (e.g., be indicated by) more than one set of uplink transmission information, where one set (e.g., each set) of uplink transmission information may apply to at least one subset. For example, a WTRU having 8Tx antennas that may be divided into two subsets of 4Tx antennas may receive a separate uplink transmission configuration (e.g., information) for each subset, which configuration corresponds to, for example, a 4Tx uplink transmission operation. The configuration information received (e.g., uplink transmission) for each subset may include any of TPMI, SRI, etc., which may determine the overall transmission using 8Tx. For example, the WTRU may determine the uplink precoder for the subset (e.g., each subset) using a 4Tx codebook, such as a legacy NR Release 17 UL 4Tx codebook. For example, the WTRU may receive two sets of uplink transmission information (e.g., any of TPMI and SRI) in a scheduling DCI (e.g., uplink grant information).

[0254] The second (e.g., group) uplink transmission information may be, for example, conditioned on the first (e.g., group) uplink transmission information. For example, the first TPMI may indicate an index into a complete codebook from N_TPMI (where N_TPMI may be referred to as the number of TPMIs), and the second TPMI may indicate an index into a subset from N_TPMI. Conditioning the second (e.g., group) uplink transmission information on the first (e.g., group) uplink transmission information may allow the payload of the second TPMI to be reduced to fewer bits than the first TPMI by limiting the second TPMI selection from fewer precoders. For example, the WTRU may determine the subset by receiving (e.g., RRC) configuration information in a DCI or by (e.g., dynamically) receiving information indicating a codebook subset restriction. For example, a subset may be restricted to a single (e.g., second) TPMI (e.g., index) that may be associated with a first TPMI (e.g., index).

[0255] In a second example, the WTRU may receive (e.g., be indicated by) information indicating only one set of transmission configuration parameters per transmission, where the transmission configuration parameters may include any of rank, precoding, and SRI indications. For example, a WTRU with 8Tx antennas that may be divided into two subsets of 4Tx antennas may receive information indicating a single transmission configuration to be applied (e.g., only applied) to a subset of the Tx antennas.

[0256] For example, the WTRU may receive a dynamic indication (eg, information) via either a MAC CE and a DCI to determine (eg, indicate) a subset of Tx antennas that precoding information may be targeted at (eg, associated with).

[0257] For example, the WTRU may alternately apply received indications (e.g., information indicating a single set of transmission configuration parameters) based on a time reference, for example, based on one or more of: (i) a time slot number (e.g., any of odd, even, etc.), (ii) a configurable counter, (iii) a timer, and / or a time-based pattern. The configurable counter may be configured based on, for example, any of channel conditions, bandwidth portions, etc. For example, the timer may indicate that the next T seconds of (e.g., all) dynamic indications may be applied to a subset index. For example, the time-based pattern may cycle through (e.g., all) subsets (e.g., the WTRU may determine that a first dynamic indication may be applied to a first subset i, and then the next (e.g., second) dynamic indication may be applied to a second subset i+1, and so on).

[0258] For example, the WTRU may alternately apply received indications (e.g., information indicating a single set of transmission configuration parameters) based on any of the transmission parameters and changes in the transmission parameters (e.g., any of the scheduled bandwidth, demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration, bandwidth part, etc.).

[0259] In a third example, a WTRU may receive information indicating (e.g., indicated by) only one set of transmission configuration parameters (e.g., any of rank, precoding, and SRI indication) per transmission, where the same precoder and any of beam indication may be used for (e.g., all) Tx subsets simultaneously. For example, a WTRU with 8Tx antennas that may be divided into two subsets of 4Tx antennas may receive information indicating a single transmission configuration to be applied to both subsets of Tx antennas simultaneously, e.g., the same rank, precoder, and beam.

[0260] In a fourth example, the WTRU may receive information indicating (e.g., indicated by) only one (e.g., first) set of transmission configuration parameters (e.g., any one of rank, precoding, and SRI indication) that may be applied to (e.g., may be associated with) a first Tx subset, and the WTRU may determine a second set of transmission configuration parameters (e.g., any one of rank, precoding, and SRI indication) for a second Tx subset based on the first indication (e.g., of the first set of transmission configuration parameters) of the first Tx subset.

[0261] For example, the WTRU may determine the second TPMI based on any preconfigured and WTRU-determined association between (e.g., each) TPMI index in the codebook and the second TPMI index. For example, the WTRU may receive (e.g., first precoding) information indicating a first TPMI (which may be referred to as TPMI1) for a first 4Tx antenna (e.g., associated therewith). For example, the first TPMI may be linked to a second TPMI (which may be referred to as TPMI2) (e.g., associated therewith). The association between the first TPMI and the second TPMI may be any of preconfigured and received in the association information (e.g., from the gNB). For example, in the event that the WTRU receives information indicating the first TPMI of the first subset, the WTRU may determine to apply the second TPMI to the second subset of the 4Tx antennas. The linking (e.g., association) between the TPMIs may be based on the channel quality reported by the WTRU...). For example, a first TPMI may be linked to (e.g., associated with) a second TPMI if a first quality metric associated with the first TPMI (e.g., based on a previous transmission of the WTRU of the first TPMI) and a second quality metric associated with the second TPMI (e.g., based on a previous transmission of the WTRU of the second TPMI) satisfy a quality condition (e.g., TPMI1 and TPMI2 may be PMIs reported with the highest and second highest channel quality indicators (CQIs), respectively, or SRI1 and SRI2 may be SRIs with the highest and second highest RSRPs, etc.). For example, association information indicating that the second TPMI may be associated with the first TPMI may be transmitted by the gNB to the WTRU in any configuration information. In the embodiments described herein, the terms "first TPMI", "TPMI1", "first TPMI index" may be used interchangeably to refer to a first TPMI among a plurality of TPMIs in a codebook. In the embodiments described herein, the terms "second TPMI", "TPMI2", "second TPMI index" may be used interchangeably to refer to a second TPMI among a plurality of TPMIs in a codebook.

[0262] For example, the first antenna subset may correspond to a first antenna polarization and the second antenna subset may correspond to a second antenna polarization. The WTRU may receive information indicating a first TPMI. The WTRU may determine that the first TPMI may be applicable to the first subset and the first TPMI multiplied by a co-phasing factor may be applicable to the second subset. For example, the WTRU may determine a value of the co-phasing factor. In another example, the WTRU may receive information indicating a co-phasing factor with the first TPMI (e.g., together) in either a DCI and a MAC-CE. For example, the WTRU may determine the co-phasing factor from a codebook of scaling factors (e.g., a QPSK discrete set). For example, the WTRU may determine the co-phasing factor based on either of its capabilities and antenna configuration.

[0263] In NR Release 17, the TPMI may be used as an indication of uplink transmission rank and uplink precoding. Embodiments described herein may allow for a reduction in CSI payload. For example, a WTRU may receive first configuration information indicating uplink transmission rank information. The first configuration information may indicate any of a maximum transmission rank and one or more (e.g., specific) transmission ranks. For example, the WTRU may receive second information indicating a precoding or beam (e.g., an indication) corresponding to (e.g., associated with) the indicated uplink transmission rank information. For example, the first configuration information and the second information may be received in separate transmissions.

[0264] In one embodiment, the received uplink transmission level information may be valid until a second configuration information indicating another uplink transmission level information may be received, or may be valid for a duration that may be determined (e.g., defined) by any one of a counter and another transmission event (e.g., radio link failure (RLF) etc.).

[0265] In one embodiment, the WTRU may receive (e.g., via any of RRC, MAC CE, DCI, etc.) first configuration information (e.g., any of semi-static configuration information and dynamic configuration information) indicating a (e.g., specific) transmission level. For example, the WTRU may receive, e.g., via any of MAC CE and DCI, second (e.g., dynamic) configuration information indicating a precoding or beam (e.g., indicating), wherein the indicated precoder or beam may correspond to (e.g., be associated with) the configured (e.g., indicated) transmission level.

[0266] For example, the WTRU may be either pre-configured or semi-statically configured by receiving information indicating a (e.g., specific) number of any of the available precoding and beam options for (e.g., each) level. For example, the WTRU may have a first number (which may be referred to herein as N1) of precoding or beam options for a first level (which may be referred to herein as Level 1), a second number (which may be referred to herein as N2) of precoding or beam options for a second level (which may be referred to herein as Level 2), and so on, so that as the number of antennas of the WTRU may increase, the growth of the CSI payload may remain limited. For example, for a (e.g., given) code point indicated in a received DCI, the WTRU may apply different beams or precodings according to the configured levels. For example, the WTRU may have the same number (N1=N2=…=N) of Tx precoding and / or beam options for (e.g., all) transmission levels.

[0267] For example, an 8Tx WTRU may receive configuration information indicating operation with two layers and four layers (e.g., only). In the case where N2 and N4 precoding options are supported for the configured layers, the length of the DCI code point used to indicate precoding information may be lower than log2(N2+N4), for example because other level options are not supported. Similarly, for beam or SRI indication, the DCI size may be lower than Example of supporting full power mode

[0268] In NR Release 16, two full power operation modes may allow full power transmission to support partially coherent and non-coherent WTRUs. In the first mode (which may be referred to herein as Mode 1), the gNB may transmit (e.g., only) information indicating the TPMI that may have (e.g., all) non-zero elements. In the second mode (which may be referred to herein as Mode 2), depending on the WTRU structure, the WTRU may transmit information indicating a subset of precoders that may be used by the gNB to support full power operation.

[0269] For example, in a WTRU with multiple (eg, large numbers) antennas, the RF and antenna structures may be more complex and may be architecturally different from each other.

[0270] In a first example, to support full power uplink transmissions, the WTRU may transmit additional (e.g., capability) information indicating, for example, any of an ability to support multiple antenna configurations, a virtualization capability (e.g., to support multiple antenna configurations), an RF architecture, a power rating capability, etc. For example, the WTRU may report (e.g., transmit) information (e.g., indication) of any of a panel, polarization, TRP, codebook, CW, etc.

[0271] In a second example, based on its reported (eg, indicated) capabilities, the WTRU may receive information indicating support for unequal power allocation for each of any of CW, panel, TRP, etc.

[0272] In one embodiment, the WTRU may use dual-level precoding, such as W=W1W2, where W1 and W2 may represent wideband (e.g., long-term) and subband (e.g., short-term) precoding, respectively. For example, the WTRU may support full power transmission in Mode 2 and may transmit information indicating more than one set of precoder groups to indicate its full power capability.

[0273] In a first example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating a first subset and a second subset of precoders, wherein the first subset may be obtained (e.g., selected) from a codebook for a W1 precoder and the second subset may be obtained (e.g., selected) from a W2 precoder. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating one or more associations between members of the first subset of precoders and members of the second subset of precoders.

[0274] In a second example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating a single precoder group (G), where (e.g., each) member of group G may represent (e.g., each) a joint selection taken from W1 and W2. For example, the indicated member of group G(1) may represent the union (e.g., association) of W1(2) and W2(1), which may indicate that the joint selection of W1(2) and W2(1) may be used as one of the precoder options to deliver full power.

[0275] In one embodiment, a WTRU with 8 Tx antennas may be configured to operate using a fewer number of Tx antennas. For example, the WTRU may receive any semi-static configuration information and dynamic configuration information indicating operation using an indicated number of Tx antennas.

[0276] In a first example, the WTRU may receive information indicating to change its Tx configuration according to its reported capabilities. For example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating its maximum deliverable power for (eg, each) Tx configuration.

[0277] In a second example, the WTRU may dynamically switch between 4Tx and 8Tx antennas based on its reported capabilities. For example, the WTRU may use different Tx configurations for transmissions on different channels based on its expected reliability. In another example, the WTRU may transmit information indicating a request for a specific Tx configuration to achieve (e.g., obtain) an operational goal (e.g., satisfy a condition), such as any of higher reliability, lower power consumption, etc. For example, the WTRU may receive information indicating the use of a first transmission antenna configuration (e.g., 4Tx) for a first type of transmission (e.g., PUSCH transmission without UCI) and a second transmission antenna configuration (e.g., 8Tx) for a second type of transmission (e.g., any of PUCCH transmission, SRS transmission, and PUSCH transmission with UCI). For example, the information indicating the Tx reconfiguration may be received as part of a scheduling DCI. For example, the information indicating the Tx reconfiguration may be explicitly included in a DCI field (e.g., the scheduling information for the transmission may indicate the use of a transmission antenna configuration for transmission). In another example, the indication for Tx reconfiguration may be implicitly determined from the antenna port indication field in the received DCI (e.g., the scheduling information may indicate one or more antenna ports, and the WTRU may determine to use a transmit antenna configuration associated with the indicated one or more antenna ports).

[0278] For example, in a situation where a WTRU is instructed to change its Tx configuration (eg, from a first Tx configuration to a second Tx), a power imbalance may be experienced.

[0279] For example, to address power imbalance, in the event that the WTRU switches from a first Tx configuration to a second Tx configuration, the WTRU may dynamically change its antenna port virtualization to deliver the expected power.

[0280] For example, in the event that information indicating the WTRU's dynamic antenna port virtualization capability has been reported (e.g., transmitted by the WTRU), the WTRU may receive either semi-static information and dynamic information, e.g., as part of a scheduling DCI, indicating the use of its virtualization capability.

[0281] In another example, the WTRU may apply virtualization without having reported (eg, transmitted) information indicating the WTRU's dynamic antenna port virtualization capability and may transmit information to the network indicating that virtualization is applied to the transmission.

[0282] Figure 66 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method 600 for codebook determination. The method may be implemented in a WTRU. As shown at 610, the WTRU may transmit capability information indicating the WTRU's ability to support multiple codebooks for uplink precoding. As shown at 620, the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating that one or more codebooks of the multiple codebooks are to be used for uplink transmissions. As shown at 630, the WTRU may receive grant information for uplink transmissions. As shown at 640, the WTRU may transmit an uplink transmission based on a codebook of the one or more codebooks.

[0283] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate any of an antenna structure, a coherence capability, and a virtualization capability. In various embodiments, the antenna structure may be any of an array of a cross-polarized array, a uniform linear array, and a single uniform linear array.

[0284] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate any of a number of dimensions for uplink precoder generation, a number of antenna panels, a number of antenna ports, a level of regularity between antenna ports, and the like.

[0285] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate more than one coherence capability. For example, the capability information may indicate a first coherence capability and a second coherence capability. In various embodiments, the first coherence capability may be associated with the use of a first parameter of the WTRU. In various embodiments, the second coherence capability may be associated with the use of a second parameter of the WTRU. In various embodiments, the first parameter of the WTRU may be any one of a first codebook, a first antenna panel, and a first codeword. In various embodiments, the second parameter of the WTRU may be any one of a second codebook, a second antenna panel, and a second codeword.

[0286] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate any of the following: (i) vertical dimension of the antenna array, (ii) horizontal dimension of the antenna array, (iii) number of polarizations, (iv) one or more virtualization configurations, (v) dynamic virtualization switching capability, (vi) panel index for each virtualization configuration, support for Kronecker-based codebook.

[0287] In various embodiments, one or more codebooks of a plurality of codebooks may be used to interpret the TPMI.

[0288] In various embodiments, the WTRU may receive first information indicating a codebook of one or more codebooks to be activated for an uplink transmission (not shown).

[0289] In various embodiments, the grant information may indicate a codebook of the one or more codebooks to be activated for uplink transmission.

[0290] In various embodiments, the WTRU may receive second information (not shown) indicating a plurality of codebooks for uplink precoding.

[0291] In various embodiments, uplink transmissions may be transmitted using more than one codeword.

[0292] In various embodiments, antennas may be grouped into subsets of antennas.

[0293] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate a subset of antennas.

[0294] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate the number of subsets of antennas and the number of antennas in each antenna subset.

[0295] In various embodiments, uplink transmissions may be transmitted using more than one antenna subset.

[0296] In various embodiments, third information (not shown) indicating one or more sets of transmission configuration parameters may be received.

[0297] In various embodiments, the third information may indicate more than one set of transmission configuration parameters. In various embodiments, each set of transmission configuration parameters may be associated with at least one antenna subset.

[0298] In various embodiments, the third information may indicate a first set of transmission configuration parameters and a second set of transmission configuration parameters. The second set of transmission configuration parameters may be conditioned on the first set of transmission configuration parameters.

[0299] In various embodiments, the third information may indicate a single set of transmission configuration parameters. In various embodiments, the single set of transmission configuration parameters may be applied to a single antenna subset. In various embodiments, the single set of transmission configuration parameters may be applied to different antenna subsets for different uplink transmissions. In various embodiments, the single set of transmission configuration parameters may be applied to all antenna subsets for uplink transmissions.

[0300] In various embodiments, the third information may indicate an uplink transmission level, and the grant information may indicate any one of a precoding and a beam associated with the indicated uplink transmission level.

[0301] In various embodiments, a set of transmission configuration parameters may include any of a transmission rank, a precoding indication, and a beam indication.

[0302] In various embodiments, the third information may be included in any one of the configuration information and the authorization information.

[0303] Figure 77 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method 700 for codebook and precoding determination by a WTRU based on the number of antenna groups. The method 700 may be implemented in a WTRU. As shown at 710, the WTRU may transmit capability information indicating the number of antenna groups. As shown at 720, the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating a codebook or more than one codebook (e.g., based on the transmitted capability information). As shown at 730, the WTRU may receive scheduling information for transmission. The scheduling information may indicate: (a) a codebook indicator and a TPMI or (b) multiple TPMIs, wherein each of the multiple TPMIs may be associated with one of the antenna groups. As shown at 740, the WTRU may determine a codebook or a codebook from the more than one codebook based on either the scheduling information and the configuration information. As shown at 750, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., perform) a transmission based on the determined codebook and (a) the one TPMI or (b) the multiple TPMIs.

[0304] In various embodiments, the configuration information may indicate more than one codebook, and the codebook indicator may indicate a codebook among the more than one codebooks.

[0305] In various embodiments, the configuration information may indicate one codebook, the codebook may be determined as one codebook, and a plurality of TPMIs may be associated with the one codebook.

[0306] In various embodiments, a group of antennas in the antenna group may be associated with a coherence capability.

[0307] In various embodiments, the coherence capabilities associated with the antenna groups may be implicitly or explicitly indicated in the capability information.

[0308] In various embodiments, the transmission may include an uplink transmission.

[0309] In various embodiments, the uplink transmission may include a physical uplink shared channel transmission.

[0310] In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate one TPMI in the case where the number of antenna groups is 1. The scheduling information may indicate one TPMI based on (eg, under the condition that) the number of antenna groups is 1.

[0311] In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate one codebook in the case where the number of antenna groups is 1. The scheduling information may indicate one codebook based on (eg, under the condition that) the number of antenna groups is 1.

[0312] In various embodiments, the configuration information may indicate more than one codebook in the case where the number of antenna groups is 1. The configuration information may indicate more than one codebook based on (eg, under the condition that) the number of antenna groups is 1.

[0313] In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate multiple TPMIs in the case where the number of antenna groups is greater than 1. The scheduling information may indicate multiple TPMIs based on (eg, under the condition that) the number of antenna groups is greater than 1.

[0314] In various embodiments, when the number of antenna groups is greater than 1, the configuration information may indicate one codebook (eg, as a single configured codebook). The configuration information may indicate one codebook based on (eg, under the condition that) the number of antenna groups is greater than 1.

[0315] Figure 8 8 is a diagram illustrating an example method 800 for codebook and precoding determination by a WTRU having a single antenna group. The method 800 may be implemented in a WTRU. As shown at 810, the WTRU may transmit capability information indicating the single antenna group. As shown at 820, the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating more than one codebook (e.g., based on the transmitted capability information). As shown at 830, the WTRU may receive scheduling information for transmission. The scheduling information may indicate a codebook and a TPMI in more than one codebook. As shown at 840, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., perform) a transmission based on the (e.g., indicated) codebook and the (e.g., indicated) TPMI.

[0316] In various embodiments, a single antenna group may be associated with a coherence capability.

[0317] In various embodiments, the coherence capability may be implicitly or explicitly indicated in the capability information.

[0318] In various embodiments, each of the more than one codebook may be associated with support for a single antenna group.

[0319] Fig. 9 9 is a diagram illustrating an example method 900 for codebook and precoding determination by a WTRU having more than one antenna group. The method 900 may be implemented in a WTRU. As shown at 910, the WTRU may transmit capability information indicating a number of antenna groups, where the number may be greater than one. As shown at 920, the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating a codebook (e.g., based on the transmitted capability information). As shown at 930, the WTRU may receive scheduling information for transmission. The scheduling information may indicate a plurality of TPMIs, where each of the plurality of TPMIs may be associated with a group of antennas (e.g., one of the antenna groups). As shown at 940, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., perform) a transmission based on the (e.g., indicated) codebook and the (e.g., indicated) plurality of TPMIs.

[0320] In various embodiments, a group of antennas in the antenna group may be associated with a coherence capability.

[0321] In various embodiments, the coherence capability may be implicitly or explicitly indicated in the capability information.

[0322] In various embodiments, a (eg, indicated) codebook may be associated with support for more than one set of antennas.

[0323] Fig.10 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method 1000 for determining precoding information and transmission rank information based on receiving configuration information in a separate transmission. The method 1000 may be implemented in a WTRU. As shown at 1010, the WTRU may receive first (e.g., configuration) information indicating one or more transmission ranks. As shown at 1020, the WTRU may receive second (e.g., scheduling) information for a transmission, wherein the second (e.g., scheduling) information may include precoding information associated with the indicated one or more transmission ranks, and wherein the first (e.g., configuration) information and the second (e.g., scheduling) information may be received in a separate transmission. As shown at 1030, the WTRU may perform a transmission based on the precoding information and based on the associated indicated one or more transmission ranks.

[0324] In various embodiments, the one or more transmission levels may include a maximum transmission level.

[0325] In various embodiments, the first (eg, configuration) information may indicate one or more modulation and coding schemes, and the transmission may be performed according to the one or more modulation and coding schemes.

[0326] In various embodiments, the first (eg, configuration) information may indicate one or more antenna ports, and transmission may be performed according to the one or more antenna ports.

[0327] In various embodiments, the first (eg, configuration) information may indicate one or more codebooks, and transmission may be performed according to the one or more codebooks.

[0328] In various embodiments, the second (eg, scheduling) information may indicate one or more TPMIs associated with the indicated one or more transmission ranks, and transmission may be performed according to the one or more TPMIs.

[0329] In various embodiments, the first (e.g., configuration) information may indicate a codebook, and the second (e.g., scheduling) information may indicate a plurality of TPMIs associated with the codebook and associated with the indicated one or more transmission levels. Transmission may be performed according to the indicated codebook and the indicated plurality of TPMIs.

[0330] In various embodiments, the first (eg, configuration) information may indicate a plurality of codebooks, and the scheduling information may indicate a codebook in the indicated plurality of codebooks. The transmission may be performed according to the indicated codebook.

[0331] In various embodiments, the first (eg, configuration) information may be received in any one of an RRC message and a MAC CE.

[0332] In various embodiments, the second (eg, scheduling) information may be received in downlink control information.

[0333] In various embodiments, the transmission may be an uplink transmission.

[0334] In various embodiments, the uplink transmission may be any of a PUSCH and a PUCCH transmission.

[0335] Fig.11 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method 1100 for reducing channel state information overhead for a WTRU having multiple groups of transmit antennas. The method 1100 may be implemented in a WTRU. As shown at 1110, the WTRU may receive first precoding information associated with (e.g., applied to) a first group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas, wherein the WTRU may include multiple transmit antennas, the multiple transmit antennas may be grouped into at least a first group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas and a second group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas. As shown at 1120, the WTRU may determine second precoding information to be used for a second group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas based on an association between the first precoding information and the second precoding information. As shown at 1130, the WTRU may perform a transmission using the first group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas and the second group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas, wherein the transmission may be performed based on the first precoding information for the first group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas and based on the determined second precoding information for the second group (e.g., group) of transmit antennas.

[0336] In various embodiments, the WTRU may transmit capability information indicating a first set (eg, group) of transmit antennas and a second set (eg, group) of transmit antennas (not shown).

[0337] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate any of the number of groups (eg, groups) of transmit antennas, the number of transmit antennas per group (eg, group), coherence capability, power capacity, and virtualization capability.

[0338] In various embodiments, the first precoding information may indicate a first TPMI.

[0339] In various embodiments, the association between the first precoding information and the second precoding information may be preconfigured in the WTRU.

[0340] In various embodiments, the WTRU may receive association information (not shown) indicating an association between the first precoding information and the second precoding information.

[0341] In various embodiments, the first precoding information may indicate a first TPMI, and the association information may indicate that the second TPMI may be associated with the first TPMI.

[0342] In various embodiments, determining the precoding information may include determining the second TPMI based on the association information.

[0343] In various embodiments, the association information may indicate an associated TPMI for each TPMI of the codebook.

[0344] In various embodiments, the association between the first precoding information and the second precoding information may be based on a channel quality associated with a previous transmission performed based on the first precoding information and the second precoding information.

[0345] In various embodiments, the transmission may be an uplink transmission.

[0346] In various embodiments, the uplink transmission may be any of a PUSCH and a PUCCH transmission.

[0347] Fig.12 1 is a diagram illustrating an example method 1200 for enabling dynamic transmit antenna configuration. The method 1200 may be implemented in a WTRU. As shown at 1210, the WTRU may transmit capability information indicating a capability for supporting multiple transmit antenna configurations. As shown at 1220, the WTRU may transmit a request for a transmit antenna configuration from a plurality of transmit antenna configurations. As shown at 1230, the WTRU may receive scheduling information for a transmission. As shown at 1240, the WTRU may determine to transmit using the requested transmit antenna configuration based on the scheduling information. As shown at 1250, the WTRU may perform the transmission based on the requested transmit antenna configuration.

[0348] In various embodiments, the plurality of transmit antenna configurations may include different transmit antenna configurations having different numbers of transmit antennas.

[0349] In various embodiments, the multiple transmit antenna configurations may include different transmit antenna configurations for different transmissions on different channels having different expected reliabilities.

[0350] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate a virtualization capability for supporting multiple transmit antenna configurations.

[0351] In various embodiments, the capability information may indicate a maximum transmit power for each of the plurality of transmit antenna configurations.

[0352] In various embodiments, a request for a transmit antenna configuration may be transmitted for obtaining an operational objective.

[0353] In various embodiments, operational goals may include any of higher reliability and lower power consumption.

[0354] In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate a requested transmit antenna configuration associated with the transmission.

[0355] In various embodiments, the scheduling information may indicate one or more antenna ports associated with the transmission.

[0356] In various embodiments, the determination to transmit using the requested transmit antenna configuration may be based on the indicated one or more antenna ports associated with the transmission.

[0357] In various embodiments, the transmission may be an uplink transmission.

[0358] In various embodiments, the transmit antenna configuration may include (eg, be associated with) eight transmit antennas, and the transmission may be any of a PUCCH transmission, an SRS transmission, and a PUSCH transmission including uplink control information.

[0359] In various embodiments, the transmit antenna configuration may include (eg, be associated with) four transmit antennas, and the transmission may be a PUSCH transmission without uplink control information.

[0360] In various embodiments, the scheduling information may be received in downlink control information.

[0361] Although not explicitly described, the present embodiments may be used in any combination or sub-combination. For example, the present principles are not limited to the variations described, and any arrangement of variations and embodiments may be used.

[0362] In addition, any features, variations, or embodiments described with respect to the method are compatible with an apparatus including a device for processing the disclosed method, an apparatus including a circuit (including any of a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, a processor, and a memory configured to process the disclosed method), a computer program product including program code instructions, and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing the program instructions.

[0363] Although features and elements are provided above in a specific combination, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. The present disclosure is not limited in terms of the specific embodiments described in the present application, which are intended to be illustrations of various aspects. Without departing from its spirit and scope, many modifications and changes can be made, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any element, action or instruction used in the description of the present application should not be interpreted as being critical or necessary to the present invention, unless explicitly provided as such. In addition to those listed herein, functionally equivalent methods and devices within the scope of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art according to the preceding description. Such modifications and changes are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present disclosure is limited only by the terms of the appended claims and the full scope of equivalents given by such claims. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods or systems herein.

[0364] For simplicity, the foregoing embodiments are discussed with respect to terminology and structure of devices with infrared capabilities (i.e., infrared transmitters and receivers). However, the embodiments discussed are not limited to these systems, but can be applied to other systems using other forms of electromagnetic waves or non-electromagnetic waves (such as sound waves).

[0365] It will also be understood that the terms used herein are used only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the term "video" or the term "image" may mean any of a snapshot, a single image, and / or a plurality of images displayed over a certain time basis. As another example, when referred to herein, the term "user equipment" and its abbreviation "UE", the term "remote" and / or the term "head-mounted display" or its abbreviation "HMD" may mean or include (i) a wireless transmit and / or receive unit (WTRU); (ii) any of many embodiments of a WTRU; (iii) a device with wireless capabilities and / or wired capabilities (e.g., wearable) that is configured with some or all of the structure and functionality of a WTRU; (iii) a device with wireless capabilities and / or wired capabilities that is configured with less than all of the structure and functionality of a WTRU; or (iv) a similar device. References herein to Figures 1A to 1D Details of an exemplary WTRU are provided, which may be representative of any WTRU set forth herein. As another example, various disclosed embodiments herein are described above and below as utilizing a head-mounted display. Those skilled in the art will recognize that devices other than head-mounted displays may be utilized, and some or all of the present disclosure and various disclosed embodiments may be modified accordingly without undue experimentation. Examples of such other devices may include drones or other devices configured to stream information to provide an adapted reality experience.

[0366] In addition, the methods provided herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware that is incorporated into a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of computer-readable media include electronic signals (transmitted via a wired or wireless connection) and computer-readable storage media. Examples of non-temporary computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks and digital versatile disks (DVDs). A processor associated with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.

[0367] Variations of the methods, devices, and systems provided above are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. In view of the various embodiments that may be applied, it should be understood that the embodiments shown are merely examples and should not be considered to limit the scope of the appended claims. For example, the embodiments provided herein include handheld devices that may include or be used with any suitable voltage source (such as a battery, etc.) that provides any suitable voltage.

[0368] In addition, in the embodiments provided above, processing platforms, computing systems, controllers, and other devices including processors are mentioned. These devices may include at least one central processing unit ("CPU") and memory. According to the practice of those skilled in the art of computer programming, references to actions and symbolic representations of operations or instructions may be performed by various CPUs and memories. Such actions and operations or instructions may be referred to as "execution," "computer execution," or "CPU execution."

[0369] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the actions and symbolic representations of operations or instructions include manipulation of electrical signals by the CPU. The electrical system represents data bits, which may cause the final conversion or reduction of electrical signals and maintain the data bits in memory locations in the storage system, thereby reconfiguring or otherwise changing the operation of the CPU and other processing of signals. The memory locations where the data bits are maintained are physical locations having specific electrical, magnetic, optical, or organic properties that correspond to or represent the data bits. It should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned platforms or CPUs, and other platforms and CPUs may support the provided methods.

[0370] The data bits may also be maintained on a computer-readable medium, including a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and any other volatile (e.g., random access memory (RAM)) or non-volatile (e.g., read-only memory (ROM)) mass storage system readable by a CPU. The computer-readable medium may include cooperating or interconnected computer-readable media that reside only on a processing system or distributed among multiple interconnected processing systems that may be local or remote to the processing system. It should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned memories, and other platforms and memories may support the provided methods.

[0371] In an illustrative embodiment, any operations, processes, etc. described herein may be implemented as computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable instructions may be executed by a processor of a mobile unit, a network element, and / or any other computing device.

[0372] There is little difference between hardware and software implementations of various aspects of the system. The use of hardware or software is usually (but not always, as in some cases, the choice of hardware or software may become important) a design choice that represents a cost-efficiency trade-off. There may be various vehicles (e.g., hardware, software, and / or firmware) with which the processes and / or systems and / or other technologies described herein can be implemented, and the preferred vehicle may change with the context in which the processes and / or systems and / or other technologies are deployed. For example, if the implementer determines that speed and accuracy are most important, then the implementer may select a primary hardware and / or firmware vehicle. If flexibility is most important, then the implementer may select a primary software implementation. Alternatively, the implementer may select some combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware.

[0373] The foregoing detailed description has been described various embodiments of the apparatus and / or process by using block diagrams, flow charts and / or examples. Insofar as such block diagrams, flow charts and / or examples include one or more functions and / or operations, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that each function and / or operation within such block diagrams, flow charts or examples can be implemented individually and / or collectively by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware or indeed any combination thereof. In an embodiment, several parts of the subject matter described herein may be implemented via an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP) and / or other integrated formats. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that all or part of some aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein may be equivalently implemented in an integrated circuit, as one or more computer programs running on one or more computers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems), as one or more programs running on one or more processors (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more microprocessors), as firmware or almost as any combination thereof, and according to the present disclosure, designing circuit systems and / or writing codes for software and / or firmware will be completely within the skill range of those skilled in the art. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms of the subject matter described herein can be distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that the illustrative examples of the subject matter described herein apply regardless of the particular type of signal-bearing medium used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of signal-bearing media include, but are not limited to, the following: recordable media such as floppy disks, hard drives, CDs, DVDs, digital tapes, computer memory, etc.; and transmission media such as digital and / or analog communication media (e.g., fiber optic cables, waveguides, wired communication links, wireless communication links, etc.).

[0374] Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is common in the art to describe devices and / or processes in the manner set forth herein, and thereafter use engineering practices to integrate such described devices and / or processes into data processing systems. That is, at least a portion of the devices and / or processes described herein can be integrated into a data processing system by a reasonable amount of experimentation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that a typical data processing system can typically include a system unit housing, a video display device, a memory such as volatile and non-volatile memory, a processor such as a microprocessor and a digital signal processor, a computing entity such as an operating system, a driver, a graphical user interface, and an application, one or more interactive devices such as a touch pad or screen, and / or a control system including a feedback loop and a control motor (e.g., feedback for sensing position and / or velocity; a control motor for moving and / or adjusting components and / or quantities). A typical data processing system can be implemented using any suitable commercially available components, such as components typically found in data computing / communication and / or network computing / communication systems.

[0375] The subject matter described herein sometimes illustrates different parts that are included in different other parts or connected with different other parts.It should be understood that the architecture of such depiction is only an example, and many other architectures that realize the same function can actually be implemented.In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of parts for realizing the same function is effectively "associated" so that the desired function can be realized.Therefore, any two parts that are combined to realize a specific function in this article can be regarded as "associated" with each other so that the desired function is realized regardless of the architecture or the intermediate parts.Similarly, any two parts that are so associated can also be regarded as "operably connected" or "operably connected" to realize the desired function, and any two parts that can be so associated can also be regarded as "operably connected" to realize the desired function.The specific example of operably connectable includes (but is not limited to) parts that can be matched physically and / or physically interact, and / or parts that can be wirelessly interacted and / or wirelessly interacted, and / or parts that can be logically interacted and / or parts that can be logically interacted.

[0376] With respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those skilled in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural where appropriate to the context and / or application. For clarity, the various singular / plural arrangements may be expressly set forth herein.

[0377] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in general, the terms used herein and particularly in the appended claims (e.g., the bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended to be "open" terms (e.g., the term "comprising" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," etc.). Those skilled in the art will further understand that if a specific number of an introduced claim statement is intended, such intent will be expressly stated in the claim, and in the absence of such a statement, no such intent is present. For example, where only one item is intended, the term "single" or similar language may be used. To aid understanding, the following appended claims and / or the description herein may include the use of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce multiple claim statements. However, the use of such phrases should not be interpreted as implying that a claim recitation introduced by the indefinite article "a" or "an" will limit any particular claim including such introduced claim recitation to embodiments including only one such recitation, even if the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and an indefinite article such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and / or "an" should be interpreted as meaning "at least one" or "one or more"). The same is true for the use of definite articles to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of introduced claim recitations is explicitly recited, one skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted as meaning at least the recited number (e.g., merely reciting "two recitations" without other modifiers means at least two recitations or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those cases where a convention similar to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, generally, such construction is intended to represent the convention that one skilled in the art would understand (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include, but is not limited to, systems having only A, only B, only C, both A and B, both A and C, both B and C, and / or both A, B, and C, etc.). In those cases where a convention similar to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, generally, such meaning is intended in the sense that one skilled in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include, but is not limited to, systems having only A, only B, only C, both A and B, both A and C, both B and C, and / or both A, B, and C, etc.). One skilled in the art would further understand that any transitional words and / or phrases (whether in the specification, claims, or drawings) that actually give two or more alternatives should be understood to contemplate the possibility of including one of the items, either of the items, or both of the items. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B."Furthermore, as used herein, the term "any" followed by a plurality of items and / or a listing of items in a plurality of categories is intended to include "any," "any combination," "any plurality," and / or "any combination of plurality," either alone or in combination with other items and / or items in other categories. Furthermore, as used herein, the term "set" is intended to include any number of items, including zero. Additionally, as used herein, the term "number" is intended to include any number, including zero. And as used herein, the term "plurality" is intended to be synonymous with "multiple."

[0378] In addition, where features or aspects of the disclosure are described in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group.

[0379] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, for any and all purposes, such as in providing a written description, all ranges disclosed herein also encompass any and all possible sub-ranges and combinations of sub-ranges thereof. Any listed range can be easily identified as fully describing and capable of decomposing the same range into at least equal halves, one-third, one-quarter, one-fifth, one-tenth, etc. As a non-limiting example, each range discussed herein can be easily decomposed into a lower third, a middle third, and an upper third, etc. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, all languages ​​such as "at most", "at least", "greater than", "less than", etc. include the enumerated numbers, and refer to the ranges that can be subsequently subdivided into sub-ranges as discussed above. Finally, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the range includes each individual member. Therefore, for example, a group with 1 to 3 units refers to a group with 1, 2 or 3 units. Similarly, a group with 1 to 5 units refers to a group with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 units, and so on.

[0380] Furthermore, the claims should not be read as limited to the order or elements provided unless otherwise stated. In addition, the use of the term "means for..." in any claim is intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112, or means-plus-function claim format, and any claim without the term "means for..." is not intended to be so.

Claims

1. A method implemented in a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising: transmitting capability information indicating the number of antenna groups; receiving configuration information indicating a codebook or more than one codebook; receiving scheduling information for transmission, wherein the scheduling information indicates: (a) a codebook indicator and a transmit precoding matrix indicator (TPMI) or (b) a plurality of TPMIs, wherein each of the plurality of TPMIs is associated with one of the antenna groups; Determine the one codebook or a codebook among the more than one codebooks based on any one of the scheduling information and the configuration information; as well as The transmission is transmitted based on the determined codebook and (a) the one TPMI or (b) the plurality of TPMIs.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates more than one codebook, and wherein the codebook indicator indicates the codebook among the more than one codebooks. 3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the configuration information indicates the one codebook, wherein the codebook is determined to be the one codebook, and wherein the plurality of TPMIs are associated with the one codebook.

4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an antenna group of the antenna groups is associated with a coherence capability.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the coherence capability associated with the antenna group is implicitly or explicitly indicated in the capability information.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transmission is an uplink transmission.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the uplink transmission is a physical uplink shared channel transmission. 8 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the scheduling information indicates the one TPMI based on the number of the antenna group being one. 9 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the scheduling information indicates the one codebook based on the number of the antenna groups being one.

10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the configuration information indicates more than one codebook based on the number of the antenna group being one.

11. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the scheduling information indicates the plurality of TPMIs based on the number of the antenna groups being greater than one.

12. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the configuration information indicates the one codebook based on the number of the antenna groups being greater than one.

13. A method implemented in a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising: transmitting capability information indicating a single antenna group; receiving configuration information indicating more than one codebook; receiving scheduling information for transmission, wherein the scheduling information indicates a codebook of the more than one codebooks and a transmit precoding matrix indicator (TPMI); and The transmission is transmitted based on the codebook and the TPMI.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the single antenna group is associated with a coherence capability.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the coherence capability is implicitly or explicitly indicated in the capability information.

16. The method of any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein each of the more than one codebooks is associated with support of the single antenna group.

17. A method implemented in a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising: transmitting capability information indicating a number of antenna groups, wherein the number is greater than one; receiving configuration information indicating a codebook; receiving scheduling information for transmission, wherein the scheduling information indicates a plurality of transmit precoding matrix indicators (TPMIs), and wherein each of the plurality of TPMIs is associated with one of the antenna groups; as well as The transmission is transmitted based on the codebook and the plurality of TPMIs.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein an antenna group of the antenna groups is associated with a coherence capability.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the coherence capability is implicitly or explicitly indicated in the capability information.

20. The method of any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the codebook is associated with support for more than one of the antenna groups.

21. A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), comprising a circuit, the circuit including any of a transmitter, a receiver, a processor and a memory, the wireless transmit / receive unit being configured to perform the method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 20.

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