A locking assembly, a locking structure, a battery replacement structure and a new energy excavator

Abstract

The application discloses a locking assembly, a locking structure, a battery replacing structure and a new energy excavator. The locking assembly comprises a bottom plate, a pair of mutually opposite vertical plates, a lock catch, a long-strip-shaped flexible component and an elastic component. The two vertical plates are fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate in a perpendicular manner, and each of the two vertical plates is provided with a coaxially arranged hinge hole. The lock catch is a Z-shaped plate structure as a whole, the corner portion of the lower part of the lock catch is located between the two vertical plates, and the lock catch is hinged together with the two vertical plates through cooperation of the first pin shaft assembly and the two hinge holes. One end of the flexible component is connected at the tail portion of the lock catch, and the other end is vertically downwardly inserted into a through hole on the bottom plate. The elastic component is sleeved on the flexible component between the lock catch and the bottom plate. When the flexible component is pulled downward, the lock catch is reversely rotated to compress the elastic component. The upper corner of the lock catch is raised so that the lock catch is in an unlocked state. When the external force for pulling the flexible component downward is eliminated, the elastic component is reset to drive the lock catch to be positively rotated to a locked state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a locking assembly and a locking structure, and belongs to the technical field of new energy excavators. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the encouragement of relevant national policies and the requirements of some construction environments, various manufacturers have successively launched different models of electric excavators (hereinafter referred to as "electric excavators"), mainly including three forms of charging excavators, towed electric excavators and battery replacement excavators. The first two types of electric excavators have been put into market use in small batches, while the battery replacement excavator is currently in the development stage, and the main difficulties are concentrated in the fixing method of the battery pack and the reliability of the connection with the slewing platform.

[0003] The existing battery replacement structure is composed of a bottom support 1 and a frame 2, and the two are fixed and matched through a hydraulic oil cylinder and a positioning pin.

[0004] The locking and unlocking of the battery replacement box are mainly realized by an independent hydraulic system, which is mainly composed of a 24V motor pump, a hand control valve and six sets of telescopic oil cylinders. The six sets of telescopic oil cylinders are controlled by the hand control valve to lock and unlock.

[0005] When the frame 200 is installed with the bottom support 100, a lifting appliance is needed to lift the frame 200 to the upper part of the bottom support 100, and after the relative position is determined by the guide column and the positioning pin, the frame 200 is slowly lowered; after the frame 200 is installed in place, the hydraulic system controls the hydraulic oil cylinder, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder pushes the lock tongue to extend and is fixed with the fixed pad block on the frame.

[0006] However, the above technical solution has the following disadvantages:

[0007] 1. When the telescopic oil cylinder fails to retract, the battery replacement box cannot be lifted and dropped from the slewing platform, and since the space between the battery replacement box and the slewing platform is relatively small, it is also difficult to disassemble the oil cylinder from the bottom;

[0008] 2. After the system pressure relief due to the failure of the telescopic oil cylinder, the battery replacement box has a risk of falling;

[0009] 3. The force direction of the telescopic oil cylinder is perpendicular to the extension direction of the piston rod, and the risk of long-term use of the hydraulic cylinder oil leakage is relatively large. SUMMARY

[0010] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a locking assembly and a locking structure, which can realize self-locking through a spring, manual unlocking, and automatic unlocking by additionally installing a hydraulic oil cylinder.

[0011] The present application is implemented according to the following technical solutions:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present application provides a locking assembly, comprising:

[0013] a bottom plate;

[0014] a pair of vertical plates opposite to each other, fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate in a perpendicular manner, and each of the two vertical plates is provided with a hinge hole arranged coaxially;

[0015] a lock catch, which is a Z-shaped plate structure as a whole, and the lower corner part of the lock catch is located between the two vertical plates and is hinged with the two hinge holes through a first pin shaft assembly to connect the lock catch with the two vertical plates;

[0016] a flexible component in a long strip shape, one end of which is connected to the tail part of the lock catch, and the other end is vertically downwardly inserted into a through hole on the bottom plate;

[0017] a resilient component, which is sleeved on the flexible component between the lock catch and the bottom plate, and the downward pulling of the flexible component drives the lock catch to rotate reversely to compress the resilient component, the upward lifting of the upper corner part of the lock catch makes the lock catch in an unlocked state; when the external force of the downward pulling of the flexible component is removed, the resilient component resets to drive the lock catch to rotate forwardly to a locked state.

[0018] In some embodiments, the tail part of the lock catch is hinged with a mounting plate, and the flexible component is connected with the mounting plate; the mounting plate is composed of a support plate and a pair of side plates opposite to each other and vertically fixed on the support plate, and the upper end surface of the resilient component abuts against the support plate; each of the two side plates and the tail part of the lock catch is provided with a hinge hole arranged coaxially, and the lock catch is hinged with the two side plates through a second pin shaft assembly cooperating with the three hinge holes; the center area of the bottom surface of the support plate is fixed with an ear ring for connecting the flexible component.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second pin shaft assembly includes a T-shaped bolt and a split pin, the T-shaped bolt is inserted into the hinge holes of the two side plates and the lock catch at the same time, and the split pin is inserted into the T-shaped bolt to limit the axial position of the T-shaped bolt.

[0020] In some embodiments, the flexible component passing through the through hole on the bottom plate is divided into two strands, one strand of flexible component I is connected with a power component, and the downward pulling of the flexible component through the movement of the power component drives the lock catch to rotate reversely; the other strand of flexible component II is led to a position that can be touched by hand as a safety device, and when the power component fails, the lock catch is unlocked by pulling the flexible component by hand.

[0021] In some embodiments, the power component is a hydraulic oil cylinder, and a fixed pulley is arranged below the through hole on the bottom plate, and the flexible component I is connected with the piston rod of the horizontally placed hydraulic oil cylinder after being turned from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction through the fixed pulley.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first pin shaft assembly comprises a pin shaft with a baffle on the end face and a screw, the pin shaft is inserted into the hinge hole of the two vertical plates and the lock catch, and the baffle abuts against one of the vertical plates; the baffle is provided with a mounting hole, the vertical plate is provided with a threaded hole coaxially arranged with the mounting hole, and the screw is screwed into the threaded hole through the mounting hole, so as to fix the baffle on the vertical plate.

[0023] In some embodiments, the upper part of the lock catch is in the shape of a "goose head", and the mouth of the "goose head" is a gradually changing structure extending horizontally outward and gradually narrowing from inside to outside; the tail of the lock catch is provided with a notch facing the elastic part, for increasing the reverse rotation path of the lock catch.

[0024] In the second aspect, the application provides a locking structure comprising two locking assemblies described above; the two locking assemblies are arranged oppositely on the base plate; when the locking structure is in the locked state, the upper extension ends of the two lock catches are butted together, so as to limit the pre-locking part between the base and the two lock catches; when the locking structure is in the unlocked state, the upper extension ends of the two lock catches are raised and separated, so that the pre-locking part can be separated from the two lock catches.

[0025] In some embodiments, the top surface of the upper extension area of the two lock catches is provided as an outwardly convex arc surface, and the bottom surface of the pre-locking part is fixed with an angular part which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, so as to separate the two lock catches by extruding the outwardly convex arc surfaces on both sides with the falling angular part; after the pre-locking part falls onto the base, the two lock catches are reset under the action of the respective elastic parts, and the locking structure is self-locked.

[0026] In the third aspect, the application provides a battery replacement structure comprising a bottom support and a frame; the bottom support is provided with a plurality of locking structures described above, for fixing the frame on the bottom support.

[0027] In the fourth aspect, the application provides a new energy excavator comprising the battery replacement structure described above.

[0028] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The locking assembly is self-locked by a spring, and the force receiving parts are mainly the lock catch and the pin shaft;

[0030] 2. The hydraulic oil cylinder only provides the tension required by the compression spring, and the piston rod is not subjected to shear force;

[0031] 3. When the hydraulic oil cylinder fails, it can be manually unlocked without disassembling the oil cylinder;

[0032] 4. The technical solution can completely separate from the hydraulic oil cylinder and achieve locking and unlocking by manual means. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are part of this specification, serve to further understand the present application, and the schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof serve to explain the present application, but do not constitute undue limitation on the present application. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0034] In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing battery replacement structure;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the locking assembly of the present application as a whole;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the locking assembly of the present application without a spring;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the locking assembly of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the locking structure of the present application in a locked state;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the locking structure of the present application in an unlocked state;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the unlocking movement of the locking structure of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the locking structure of the present application.

[0043] The drawings are identified as follows: lock catch 1, pin shaft 2, vertical plate 3, bottom plate 4, mounting plate 5, T-shaped bolt 6, split pin 6-1, elastic component 7, flexible component 8, flexible component II 8-1, flexible component I 8-2, fixed pulley 9, power component 10.

[0044] It should be noted that these drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] As shown in Figure 2 , a locking assembly includes a bottom plate 4, a pair of mutually opposed vertical plates 3, a lock 1, a long strip-shaped flexible component 8 and a resilient component 7; the pair of mutually opposed vertical plates 3 are fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate 4 in a manner perpendicular to the bottom plate 4, and each of the two vertical plates 3 is provided with a coaxially arranged hinge hole; the lock 1 is a Z-shaped plate structure as a whole, the corner portion of the lower part of the lock 1 is located between the two vertical plates 3, and the lock 1 is hinged together with the two vertical plates 3 through the cooperation of the first pin shaft assembly and the two hinge holes; the long strip-shaped flexible component 8 is connected at one end to the tail portion of the lock 1 and vertically downwardly penetrates into the through hole on the bottom plate 4 at the other end; the resilient component 7 is sleeved on the flexible component 8 between the lock 1 and the bottom plate 4, and the lower pulling of the flexible component 8 drives the lock 1 to rotate reversely to compress the resilient component 7, the upward lifting of the upper corner of the lock 1 makes the lock 1 in an unlocked state; after the external force pulling the flexible component 8 downward is eliminated, the resilient component 7 resets to drive the lock 1 to rotate forwardly to a locked state.

[0049] Further solutions are shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the tail of the lock 1 is hinged with a mounting plate 5, and the flexible component 8 is connected with the mounting plate 5; the mounting plate 5 is composed of a support plate and a pair of mutually opposed side plates vertically fixed thereon, and the upper end surface of the resilient component 7 abuts against the support plate; each of the two side plates and the tail of the lock 1 is provided with a coaxially arranged hinge hole, and the lock 1 is hinged together with the two side plates through the cooperation of the second pin shaft assembly and the three hinge holes; the center area of the bottom surface of the support plate is fixed with an ear ring for connecting the flexible component 8.

[0050] In a preferred solution, the resilient component 7 can adopt a spring, and the spring is in a natural state, and the lock 1 is in a locked state.

[0051] Further options, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second pin assembly includes a T-pin 6 and a cotter pin 6-1. The T-pin 6 is inserted into the hinge holes of the two side plates and the latch 1. The cotter pin 6-1 is inserted into the T-pin 6 to axially limit the T-pin 6.

[0052] It should be noted that the second pin assembly is not limited to the T-pins and cotter pins mentioned above; it can also be bolts and nuts.

[0053] Further options, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the first pin assembly includes a pin 2 with a baffle on the end face and a screw. The pin 2 is inserted into the hinge holes of the two upright plates 3 and the latch 1. The baffle abuts against one of the upright plates 3. The baffle is provided with a mounting hole. The upright plate 3 is provided with a threaded hole arranged coaxially with the mounting hole. The screw passes through the mounting hole and is tightened in the threaded hole, thereby fixing the baffle to the upright plate 3.

[0054] Further options, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the upper part of the latch 1 is in the shape of a "goose head". The beak of the "goose head" structure is a gradually changing structure that extends horizontally outward and is wider in the middle and narrower in the middle. The tail of the latch 1 is provided with a notch facing the elastic component 7 to increase the reverse rotation path of the latch 1.

[0055] Further options, such as Figure 7 As shown, the flexible component 8 passing through the through hole on the base plate 4 is divided into two strands. One strand, flexible component I 8-2, is connected to the power component 10. The movement of the power component 10 pulls down the flexible component 8, thereby causing the latch 1 to rotate in the opposite direction. The other strand, flexible component II 8-1, serves as a safety guide to a position that can be touched by hand. In the event of a failure of the power component 10, the latch 1 can be unlocked by pulling the flexible component 8.

[0056] In a further embodiment, the power component 10 is a hydraulic cylinder, and a fixed pulley 9 is provided below the through hole on the base plate 4. The flexible component I8-2 extends horizontally after being turned from the vertical direction by the fixed pulley 9 and is connected to the piston rod of the horizontally placed hydraulic cylinder.

[0057] It should be noted that the power component 10 is not limited to the hydraulic cylinder mentioned above; it can also be an electric telescopic rod, as long as it is a component that can provide reciprocating motion.

[0058] The flexible component 8 can be a flexible rope, one end of which is wound and fixed on the ear ring of the support plate, and the flexible rope passing through the through hole on the bottom plate 4 is divided into two strands, one of which is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the guide wheel 9, and the flexible rope is pulled back by the retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, the spring is compressed, and the lock catch 1 rotates around the pin shaft 2; the other strand of the rope is led to a position easy to be pulled by hand as a safety rope, and when the hydraulic cylinder fails to retract, the lock can be unlocked by pulling the rope.

[0059] It should be noted that the above-mentioned locking assembly can be used alone to lock some components. Of course, it can also be used in pairs.

[0060] The following gives a preferred application embodiment of the above-mentioned locking assembly:

[0061] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , a locking structure includes two of the above-mentioned locking assemblies; the two locking assemblies are arranged opposite on the base plate; when the locking structure is in the locked state, the upper extension ends of the two lock catches are butted together, thereby limiting the pre-locking component between the base and the two lock catches; when the locking structure is in the unlocked state, the upper extension ends of the two lock catches are raised and separated, so that the pre-locking component can be separated from the two lock catches.

[0062] The following gives the working process of the above-mentioned locking structure:

[0063] As shown in Figure 5 , at this time, the springs in the locking assemblies on both sides are in a natural state, and when the power components 10 (i.e. hydraulic cylinders) on both sides are retracted at the same time, the flexible ropes on both sides are pulled, the springs are compressed, and the lock catches on both sides rotate around the pin shaft, and the locking structure is opened, as shown in Figure 6 . When the battery frame falls down until it is completely in contact with the base plate, the lock catches on both sides reset under the action of the springs, causing the lock catches on both sides to contact and the locking structure to be self-locked.

[0064] When one or both of the hydraulic cylinders fails to retract, the flexible component II 8-1 can be pulled to unlock, as shown in Figure 7 .

[0065] Further, as shown in Figure 8 , the top surface of the upper extension area of the two lock catches is provided with an outward convex arc surface, and the bottom surface of the pre-locking component is fixed with an angular component which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the two lock catches are separated by the angular component falling down to press the two outward convex arc surfaces; when the locking component falls onto the base, the two lock catches reset under the action of the respective elastic components, and the locking structure is self-locked.

[0066] As can be seen from the above, the locking structure of the above-mentioned scheme can be completely separated from the hydraulic cylinder, and locking is achieved through a mechanical structure. To achieve this function, an angle-shaped component is added to the bottom of the battery frame, as shown in Figure 8 When the battery frame falls down, the angle-shaped component will squeeze the two closed locks apart. When the battery frame completely falls down, the locks on both sides are reset under the action of the spring, and the locking structure is self-locked.

[0067] In summary, the locking assembly is self-locked through a spring, and the force receiving components are mainly the locks and the pin shaft. The hydraulic cylinder only provides the tension required for the compression spring, and the piston rod is not subjected to shear force. When the hydraulic cylinder fails, it can be manually unlocked without disassembling the cylinder. The technical scheme can completely separate from the hydraulic cylinder and achieve locking and unlocking through a manual mode.

[0068] The battery replacement structure provided by the present application will be described below. The battery replacement structure described below can be mutually corresponding with the locking structure described above.

[0069] The battery replacement structure provided by the present application can include a bottom support and a frame. A plurality of the above-mentioned locking structures are installed on the bottom support for fixing the frame on the bottom support.

[0070] The beneficial effects achieved by the battery replacement structure provided by the present application are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the locking structure provided by the present application, and thus will not be described here.

[0071] The new energy excavator provided by the present application will be described below. The new energy excavator described below can be mutually corresponding with the battery replacement structure described above.

[0072] The new energy excavator provided by the present application can include the battery replacement structure as described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0073] The beneficial effects achieved by the new energy excavator provided by the present application are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the battery replacement structure provided by the present application, and thus will not be described here.

[0074] It should be noted that the above-mentioned new energy excavator can be a crawler excavator, a wheel excavator, or other forms of excavators.

[0075] In the specification provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some examples, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail in order not to obscure the understanding of the present specification.

[0076] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, while certain embodiments described herein include certain features that are not included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are also meant to be within the scope of the application and form different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the features can be used in combination as appropriate based on the technical solutions known and the technical problems to be solved by the present application.

[0077] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed with the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any skilled person in the art can make minor changes or modifications to the above technical content with the above prompts without departing from the technical solution of the present application, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A locking assembly, characterized by It comprises: a bottom plate; a pair of vertical plates opposite to each other, fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate in a perpendicular manner, and each of the two vertical plates is provided with a coaxially arranged hinge hole; a lock catch, which is a Z-shaped plate structure as a whole, the upper part of which is a "goose head" structure, the mouth of which is a gradually changing structure extending outward and horizontally, the corner of the lower part is located between the two vertical plates, and the lock catch is hinged with the two vertical plates through the cooperation of the first pin shaft assembly and the two hinge holes; a flexible component in the shape of a long strip, one end of which is connected to the tail of the lock catch, and the other end is vertically downwardly inserted into a through hole in the bottom plate; a resilient component, which is sleeved on the flexible component between the lock catch and the bottom plate, and the tail of the lock catch is provided with a notch towards the resilient component, for increasing the reverse rotation path of the lock catch; the downward pulling of the flexible component drives the reverse rotation of the lock catch to compress the resilient component, the upward lifting of the upper corner of the lock catch makes the lock catch in an unlocked state; after the external force of the downward pulling of the flexible component is eliminated, the resilient component resets to drive the lock catch to rotate forward to a locked state.

2. The locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail of the lock catch is hinged with a mounting plate, and the flexible component is connected with the mounting plate; the mounting plate is composed of a support plate and a pair of side plates opposite to each other and vertically fixed on the support plate, and the upper end surface of the resilient component abuts against the support plate; each of the two side plates and the tail of the lock catch is provided with a coaxially arranged hinge hole, and the lock catch is hinged with the two side plates through the cooperation of the second pin shaft assembly and the three hinge holes; the center area of the bottom surface of the support plate is fixed with an ear ring for connecting the flexible component.

3. The locking assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second pin shaft assembly comprises a T-shaped bolt and a split pin, the T-shaped bolt is inserted into the hinge holes of the two side plates and the lock catch at the same time, and the split pin is inserted into the T-shaped bolt to axially limit the T-shaped bolt.

4. The locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible component passing through the through hole in the bottom plate is divided into two strands, one strand of the flexible component I is connected with a power component, the downward pulling of the flexible component by the movement of the power component drives the reverse rotation of the lock catch; the other strand of the flexible component II is led to a position which can be touched by hand as a safety, and when the power component fails, the lock catch is unlocked by pulling the flexible component by hand.

5. The locking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: the power component is a hydraulic cylinder, a fixed pulley is arranged below the through hole in the bottom plate, and the flexible component I is connected with the piston rod of the horizontally placed hydraulic cylinder after being turned from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction through the fixed pulley.

6. The locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first pin shaft assembly comprises a pin shaft with a baffle on the end surface and a screw, the pin shaft is inserted into the hinge holes of the two vertical plates and the lock catch, and the baffle abuts against one of the vertical plates. The baffle is provided with a mounting hole, the vertical plate is provided with a threaded hole coaxially arranged with the mounting hole, and the screw is screwed in the threaded hole through the mounting hole, thereby fixing the baffle on the vertical plate.

7. A locking structure, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises two locking assemblies according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the two locking assemblies are oppositely arranged on a base plate; When the locking structure is in a locked state, the upper extension ends of the two locks are butted together, thereby limiting the pre-locking part between the base and the two locks; When the locking structure is in an unlocked state, the upper extension ends of the two locks are raised and separated, so that the pre-locking part can be separated from the two locks.

8. The locking structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top surface of the upper extension area of the two locks is provided as an outwardly convex arc surface, and the bottom surface of the pre-locking part is fixed with an angular part with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, so as to separate the two locks by extruding the two outwardly convex arc surfaces with the falling angular part; after the pre-locking part falls on the base, the two locks are reset under the action of the respective elastic parts, and the locking structure is self-locked.

9. A battery replacement structure, characterized in that: The battery replacement structure comprises a bottom support and a frame; The bottom support is provided with a plurality of locking structures according to claim 7 or 8, which are used to fix the frame on the bottom support.

10. A new energy excavator, characterized in that: The new energy excavator comprises the battery replacement structure according to claim 9.

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