Method for rapidly switching assembly tools of side frames of internal combustion and electric locomotive frameworks

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly switching side frame assembly tools of an internal combustion and electric locomotive framework, and aims to solve the problems of poor compatibility, long switching time, high cost, difficulty in guaranteeing precision and the like of side frame tools due to large vehicle type difference in the prior art, a side frame tool assembly tire compatible with multiple vehicle types and positioning plates matched with different vehicle types are designed. X-direction positioning baffles and Y-direction positioning baffles are arranged on the universal platform, the positioning plates are integrated with rib plate positioning baffles, positioning is achieved by abutting against the positioning baffles, the positioning plates are attached to the universal platform in the Z direction, the universal platform does not move when vehicle types are switched, the positioning plates are directly replaced, and the universal platform is formed by installing and welding box beams through processing. The positioning plate is quenched and tempered by using No.45 steel, the position of the positioning baffle is determined according to the vehicle type, and the serial number of the vehicle type is etched; and the X-direction positioning baffle and the Y-direction positioning baffle are quenched and tempered by using No.45 steel and are fixed at the notch of the platform. According to the method, the production efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, and the tool precision and compatibility are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric locomotive manufacturing, and in particular to a method for rapid switching of tooling of a side frame assembly of a diesel and electric locomotive frame. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the railway transportation industry, the market demand for diesel and electric locomotives has become increasingly diversified. Different market demands have prompted the company to design and develop a variety of on-road, off-road, diesel and electric locomotives in recent years. The structures of the bogie frames and side frames of these locomotives vary from model to model, showing complex and diverse characteristics.

[0003] As the main component of the frame, the main structure of the side frame is mainly composed of internal ribs, internal and external vertical plates, and upper and lower covers. However, the side frames of different models vary in length, width, number of internal ribs, and position. For example, the difference in the length and width of the side frames of different models requires the size of the required tooling to be adjusted accordingly; the change in the number and position of internal ribs makes it challenging for the tooling to position these ribs.

[0004] In terms of tooling design, in the past, tooling for similar structural products mainly considered special tooling for large-volume products or the situation where two or three models use the same tooling tread. For special tooling, when the vehicle structure is very different and the precision requirements are high, it is basically a special mold designed for the side frames of different models. Although this method can meet the precision requirements of specific models, it has many disadvantages. On the one hand, when there are many models, the number of molds will increase significantly, resulting in high mold costs, and the storage of tooling requires a large factory area. On the other hand, when the model is switched, the completed model tooling on site needs to be returned to the tooling warehouse, and then the new tooling needs to be placed on site, and the accuracy of each positioning block needs to be reconfirmed. This process leads to long changeover time and low efficiency.

[0005] For tooling that achieves flexibility by partially replacing a small number of locating blocks, the locating blocks are easily loosened over time due to frequent disassembly and installation. This makes it impossible to meet the tooling precision requirements and affects product quality. Summary of the invention

[0006] According to the above technical problems that the existing diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assembly has poor vehicle compatibility, long switching time, high cost and difficult to ensure precision, a method for rapid switching of diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assembly is provided. The present invention realizes the compatibility of side frame tooling of various vehicle models. Different vehicle models share a common platform. A group (three pieces) of positioning plates are added between the common platform and the positioning block. The positioning block is installed on the positioning plate. The compatibility of tooling of different vehicle models is realized by installing the positioning plate, the number of molds is reduced, and the tooling storage area is reduced. X and Y positioning blocks are set on the common platform. The positioning plate is directly pressed against the positioning block and fixed with bolts to realize rapid switching of tooling of different vehicle models and improve production efficiency.

[0007] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A method for quickly switching tooling of a diesel or electric locomotive frame side frame assembly, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Analyze the side frame dimensions of the vehicle models to be compatible, and ensure that the tire pair can be compatible with the maximum length, width and height of all products;

[0010] Step 2: Integrate the rib plate positioning block of each vehicle model on a positioning plate, and switch the rib plate positioning block by switching the positioning plate to solve the problem of tooling flexibility for different vehicle model groups;

[0011] Step 3: Set X and Y directional positioning blocks on the universal platform, install the positioning plate on the universal platform, and determine its X, Y, and Z directional positioning dimensions. The Z directional positioning plate is directly attached to the universal platform, and the X and Y directional positioning plates are directly close to the X and Y directional positioning blocks to achieve rapid switching of the positioning plates, thereby solving the problem of rapid switching of tooling positioning blocks for side frame assemblies of different vehicle models;

[0012] Step 4: When production needs to switch production models, the universal platform does not move, and the positioning plate on the tread is directly replaced to achieve the purpose of quickly and accurately switching the assembly tooling.

[0013] Furthermore, the universal platform is a welded box beam, which is heat treated and machined after welding to form a small platform with a T-slot plate, which serves as a basic platform for flexible chemical equipment and is used to install positioning plates of different vehicle models and universal tightening devices and clamping devices.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning plate is made of 45 steel plate machined and tempered. The position of the positioning block is determined according to the size of the internal rib plate of the side frame of each vehicle model, and a positioning hole is processed to install the positioning block of the positioning rib plate. The positioning plates of different vehicle models are different. The positioning plates of each vehicle model are composed of three base plates, rib plate positioning blocks and tightening screws at both ends.

[0015] Furthermore, each positioning plate is etched with the name of the vehicle model and serial number for quick identification.

[0016] Furthermore, the X- and Y-axis positioning blocks are made of machined and tempered No. 45 steel plates, and the sunken positioning grooves are processed on the basic platform. The X- and Y-axis positioning blocks are placed in the grooves and clamped, and fastened with bolts. There is one X-axis positioning block and six Y-axis positioning blocks.

[0017] Furthermore, when switching between different vehicle models, the three positioning plates of the vehicle model are placed in order on the basic platform, close to the X and Y positioning blocks, fit with the platform, and the fixing bolts are tightened to complete the rapid switching of the positioning blocks of the side frame components of different vehicle models.

[0018] Furthermore, according to the length, width and height of the positioning plate, a tool storage rack is manufactured so that positioning plates of different vehicle models can be stored in upper and lower layers, thereby minimizing the area occupied by tool storage.

[0019] Furthermore, a buffer gasket is provided between the positioning plate and the universal platform, thereby reducing the wear of the two during installation and use.

[0020] Furthermore, the edges of the X- and Y-axis positioning blocks are chamfered to facilitate the close proximity and installation of the positioning plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The present invention provides a method for quickly switching tooling of a diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assembly, which realizes the rapid switching of tooling of different models. By setting X and Y directional positioning blocks on a universal platform, the positioning plate is directly close to the positioning block and fixed with bolts. When switching models, there is no need to adjust the tooling in a cumbersome manner like the traditional replacement method, which greatly shortens the changeover time and improves production efficiency.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a method for quickly switching the side frame assembly of a diesel or electric locomotive frame, which reduces the number of dies and designs a side frame assembly compatible with multiple vehicle models. Different vehicle models share a common platform, and only the positioning plate needs to be replaced, thereby avoiding the need to manufacture a large number of special dies for each vehicle model, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the dies.

[0024] 3. The method for quickly switching tooling of a diesel or electric locomotive frame side frame assembly provided by the present invention reduces the tooling storage area. Since the number of molds is reduced and the tooling storage rack is manufactured according to the size of the positioning plate, positioning plates of different vehicle models can be stored in the upper and lower layers, saving the plant area required for tooling storage and further reducing costs.

[0025] 4. The invention provides a method for rapid switching of the side frame assembly tooling of a diesel and electric locomotive frame, which realizes the compatibility of the side frame tooling of various models. By analyzing the external dimensions of the side frame of the model to be compatible, it is ensured that the tire assembly can be compatible with the maximum length, width and height of all products. At the same time, the rib plate positioning block of each model is integrated on a positioning plate, which solves the problem of flexibility of the assembly tooling of different models and improves the compatibility of the tooling with the side frames of different models.

[0026] 5. The present invention provides a method for quickly switching tooling for a diesel or electric locomotive frame side frame assembly, in which a rib plate locating stop is integrated on a locating plate, instead of directly installing the locating stop on a tooling body, thereby avoiding the problem of loosening of the locating stop caused by frequent replacement of the locating stop, thereby improving tooling accuracy and ensuring product quality.

[0027] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the technical field of electric locomotive manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A top view of a method and device structure for quickly switching tooling of a diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a front view of the structure of a method and device for rapid switching of tooling of a diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of etching a positioning plate in a method for rapid switching of tooling of a diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. X-axis positioning block; 2. Universal platform; 3. Y-axis positioning block; 4. Positioning plate; 5. Clamping device; 6. Clamping device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0038] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a method for quickly switching tooling of a diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assembly includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Analyze the side frame dimensions of the vehicle models to be compatible, and ensure that the tire pair can be compatible with the maximum length, width and height of all products;

[0042] Step 2: Integrate the rib plate positioning block of each vehicle model on a positioning plate 4, and switch the rib plate positioning block by switching the positioning plate 4 to solve the problem of tooling flexibility for different vehicle model groups;

[0043] Step 3: Set the X and Y direction positioning blocks 1 / 3 on the universal platform 2, install the positioning plate 4 on the universal platform 2, and determine its X, Y, and Z direction positioning dimensions, wherein the Z direction positioning plate 4 is directly attached to the universal platform 2, and the X and Y direction positioning plates 4 are directly close to the X and Y direction positioning blocks 1 / 3, so as to realize the rapid switching of the positioning plates 4, thereby solving the problem of rapid switching of the tooling positioning blocks of the side frame groups of different vehicle models;

[0044] Step 4: When the production model needs to be switched, the universal platform 2 does not move, and the positioning plate 4 on the tread is directly replaced, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly and accurately switching the assembly tooling.

[0045] Furthermore, the universal platform 2 is a welded box beam, which is heat treated and machined after welding to form a small platform with a T-slot plate, which serves as a basic platform for flexible chemical equipment and is used to install positioning plates 4 of different vehicle models and universal tightening devices 5 and clamping devices 6.

[0046] Furthermore, the positioning plate 4 is installed on the universal platform 2, and its X, Y, and Z positioning dimensions need to be determined. For Z-direction positioning, the positioning plate 4 can be directly fitted with the universal platform 2. For X and Y-direction positioning, since it is time-consuming and error-prone to directly use a tape measure to measure the dimensions to determine the position of the positioning plate 4, an X and Y-direction positioning stop 1 / 3 is set on the universal platform 2. When the positioning plate 4 is installed, the positioning plate 4 is directly close to the X and Y-direction positioning stop 1 / 3 to achieve rapid positioning.

[0047] Furthermore, the positioning plate 4 is made of 45 steel plate machined and tempered. The position of the positioning block is determined according to the size of the internal rib plate of the side frame of each vehicle model, and a positioning hole is processed to install the positioning block of the positioning rib plate. The positioning plates 4 of different vehicle models are different. The positioning plate 4 of each vehicle model is composed of three bottom plates, a rib plate positioning block and tightening screws at both ends.

[0048] Furthermore, the positioning plate 4 is installed on the universal platform 2 according to the design requirements, ensuring that the positioning plate 4 is tightly attached to the X and Y direction positioning blocks 1 / 3 and fits well with the platform. During the installation process, pay attention to aligning the positioning holes on the positioning plate 4 with the corresponding positioning blocks to facilitate the subsequent installation of the positioning blocks of the positioning rib plate.

[0049] Furthermore, each positioning plate 4 is etched with a name of the vehicle model and a serial number for quick identification.

[0050] Furthermore, the X and Y direction positioning blocks 1 / 3 are made of 45 steel plate machined and tempered, and the sunken positioning grooves are processed on the basic platform. The X and Y direction positioning blocks 1 / 3 are placed in the grooves and clamped, and fastened with bolts. There is one X direction positioning block 1 and six Y direction positioning blocks 3.

[0051] Furthermore, when switching between different vehicle models, the three positioning plates 4 of the vehicle model are placed in order on the basic platform, close to the X and Y positioning blocks 1 / 3, fit with the platform, and tighten the fixing bolts to complete the rapid switching of the positioning blocks of the side frames of different vehicle models.

[0052] Furthermore, keep the universal platform 2 stationary, directly replace the positioning plate 4 on the tread, place the three positioning plates 4 corresponding to the new model in sequence on the basic platform, close to the X and Y positioning blocks 1 / 3, fit with the platform, and then tighten the fixing bolts to complete the rapid switching of the positioning gears of the side frame components of different models.

[0053] Furthermore, according to the length, width and height of the positioning plate 4, a tool storage rack is manufactured so that positioning plates 4 of different vehicle models can be stored in upper and lower layers, thereby minimizing the area occupied by tool storage.

[0054] Furthermore, a buffer gasket is provided between the positioning plate 4 and the universal platform 2, so as to reduce the wear of the two during installation and use and extend the service life of the tooling.

[0055] Furthermore, the edges of the X- and Y-axis positioning blocks are chamfered to facilitate the close proximity and installation of the positioning plate 4, thereby improving the convenience and accuracy of installation.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid switching of tooling for a diesel or electric locomotive frame side frame assembly, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Analyze the side frame dimensions of the vehicle models to be compatible, and ensure that the tire pair can be compatible with the maximum length, width and height of all products; Step 2: Integrate the rib plate positioning block of each vehicle model on a positioning plate, and switch the rib plate positioning block by switching the positioning plate to solve the problem of tooling flexibility for different vehicle model groups; Step 3: Set X and Y directional positioning blocks on the universal platform, install the positioning plate on the universal platform, and determine its X, Y, and Z directional positioning dimensions. The Z directional positioning plate is directly attached to the universal platform, and the X and Y directional positioning plates are directly close to the X and Y directional positioning blocks to achieve rapid switching of the positioning plates, thereby solving the problem of rapid switching of tooling positioning blocks for side frame assemblies of different vehicle models; Step 4: When production needs to switch production models, the universal platform does not move, and the positioning plate on the tread is directly replaced to achieve the purpose of quickly and accurately switching the assembly tooling.

2. A method for rapid switching of tooling for diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal platform is a welded box beam, which is heat treated and machined after welding to form a small platform with a T-slot plate, which serves as the basic platform of flexible chemical equipment and is used to install positioning plates of different models and universal tightening devices and clamping devices.

3. A method for rapid switching of tooling for a diesel or electric locomotive frame side frame assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate is made of 45 steel plate machined and tempered. The position of the positioning block is determined according to the size of the internal rib plate of the side frame of each vehicle model, and a positioning hole is processed to install the positioning block of the positioning rib plate. The positioning plates of different vehicle models are different. The positioning plates of each vehicle model are composed of three bottom plates, rib plate positioning blocks and tightening screws at both ends.

4. A method for rapid switching of tooling for diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assemblies according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each locator plate is etched with the name of the vehicle model and serial number for quick identification.

5. A method for rapid switching of tooling for diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X and Y direction positioning blocks are made of 45 steel plate machined and tempered, and the sunken positioning grooves are processed on the basic platform. The X and Y direction positioning blocks are placed in the grooves and clamped, and fastened with bolts. There is one X direction positioning block and six Y direction positioning blocks.

6. A method for rapid switching of tooling for diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that: When switching between different models, place the three positioning plates of the model in order on the basic platform, close to the X and Y positioning blocks, fit with the platform, tighten the fixing bolts, and complete the rapid switching of the positioning blocks of the side frame components of different models.

7. A method for rapid switching of tooling for diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the length, width and height of the positioning plate, the tooling storage rack is manufactured so that the positioning plates of different models can be stored in the upper and lower layers, minimizing the area occupied by the tooling storage.

8. A method for rapid switching of tooling for diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer gasket is provided between the positioning plate and the universal platform to reduce the wear of the two during installation and use.

9. A method for rapid switching of tooling for diesel and electric locomotive frame side frame assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the X and Y directional positioning blocks are chamfered to facilitate the close proximity and installation of the positioning plate.

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