A high crack resistance and antibacterial ceramic material and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ceramic materials, and specifically discloses a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material and its preparation method and application. A method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material comprises the following steps: 1) taking water, polysaccharide, and bauxite and mixing them evenly, and then dehydrating and thickening to obtain a first slurry; 2) mixing sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate, aminoethanesulfonic acid, a surfactant, and water evenly, and then introducing carbon dioxide gas, and continuing to stir evenly to obtain a second slurry; 3) slowly adding the first slurry to the second slurry under continuous stirring, and obtaining a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion; 4) drying the mixed slurry, freeze-drying it at low temperature, and then sintering it to obtain an interface material; 5) taking feldspar powder, clay, kaolin, alumina, interface material, zirconium oxide and other materials and mixing them evenly, adding water to mix, and then grouting into a mold, and then demolding and sintering to obtain it. The highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material prepared in the present application has the advantages of high strength, high toughness, and crack resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ceramic materials, and more specifically, to a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of engineering materials, ceramic materials are widely used in metallurgy, mechanical equipment, aerospace, chemical industry, energy and environmental protection, home decoration, bathroom supplies and other fields. In particular, they are indispensable for kitchen tableware, household items, sanitary appliances, etc. that are closely related to the public.

[0003] Traditional ceramics use metal oxides such as silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, etc. as the main raw materials, and are made after blanking and sintering. They have the advantages of high strength, high hardness, anti-oxidation, anti-corrosion, and wear resistance. However, the disadvantages of traditional ceramics are poor toughness, poor thermal shock resistance, and poor crack resistance. In addition, during the high-temperature sintering process, the ceramic raw materials will inevitably produce excessive grain growth during the densification process, thereby deteriorating the performance of the material.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of traditional ceramics in terms of anti-cracking performance, technicians have proposed some improvement plans. For example, the patent application document with application publication number CN109181372A discloses an anti-cracking ceramic coating, which comprises, by mass, 80-85 parts of fumed silica, 56-64 parts of epoxy resin curing agent, 20-28 parts of cesium hydroxide, 16-22 parts of silane coupling agent, 4-9 parts of surfactant, 10-15 parts of accelerator, 4-8 parts of antioxidant, 1-5 parts of modified filler, 15-21 parts of nano-ceramic powder, 23-28 parts of melamine, 4-10 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, 19-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 11-16 parts of succinic anhydride, 20-25 parts of hydrazine hydrate, 13-19 parts of ammonium oxalate, 13-19 parts of anti-cracking fiber, 23-28 parts of polyacrylic acid, and 28-36 parts of deionized water. The ceramic coating is applied to the ceramic surface to prevent the ceramic from cracking and extend the service life.

[0005] Another example is the patent application document with application publication number CN104355650A, which discloses a crack-resistant ceramic for nozzles, which is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-5 parts of tetra-needle zinc oxide whiskers, 1-2 parts of saltpeter, 2-3 parts of limestone, AlF2-3 parts of potassium feldspar, 25-29 parts of quartz, 13-18 parts of marble, 50-60 parts of kaolin, an appropriate amount of deionized water, 3-4 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate, an appropriate amount of ethanol, and 4-6 parts of additives. The ceramic is made by adding tetra-needle zinc oxide whiskers and using a reinforcing material in the form of needle-shaped fibers to increase the ceramic's anti-fragmentation and anti-quenching properties.

[0006] On the one hand, the method in the above document requires a coating process, which increases production costs, and the performance of the ceramic substrate itself is not improved; on the other hand, the bonding between the coating or reinforcing material and the ceramic substrate is weak, and the sintering process will introduce new defect sites, resulting in a small performance improvement. Therefore, how to start from the ceramic material itself and improve the anti-cracking performance of the ceramic material itself is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to further improve the toughness and crack resistance of ceramic materials, the present application provides a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material, using the following technical solution:

[0009] A method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material comprises the following steps:

[0010] 1) Mix water, polysaccharide and bauxite evenly, and then dehydrate and thicken to obtain the first slurry;

[0011] 2) Mixing sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate, aminoethanesulfonic acid, surfactant and water uniformly, then introducing carbon dioxide gas, and continuing to stir uniformly to obtain a second slurry;

[0012] 3) Slowly add the first slurry into the second slurry under continuous stirring, and obtain a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion;

[0013] 4) Drying the mixed slurry at 90-120°C for 10-20 minutes, and then freeze-drying it at low temperature, sintering, crushing and grinding it to obtain the interface material;

[0014] 5) Take 25-35 parts of feldspar powder, 10-20 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of alumina, 10-20 parts of interface material, 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 30-50 parts of zirconium oxide, 3-5 parts of aluminum powder, 2-3.5 parts of iron oxide, 0.15-0.3 parts of silver oxide, and 1-3 parts of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, then inject into the mold, demold, repair the blank, spray glaze, and fire it.

[0015] Preferably, the step 1) further includes at least one of the following technical features:

[0016] 11) The mass ratio of water, polysaccharide and bauxite is 1:(0.05-1):(0.3-0.5);

[0017] 12) The polysaccharide is one or more of carrageenan, sodium alginate, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, and agar.

[0018] Preferably, the step 2) further includes at least one of the following technical features:

[0019] 21) The mass ratio of the sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate, aminoethanesulfonic acid, surfactant and water is (0.06-0.1):(0.05-0.075):(0.01-0.02):(0.015-0.03):1;

[0020] 22) The surfactant is an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt;

[0021] 23) The carbon dioxide content in the second slurry is 5-10%.

[0022] Preferably, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is one of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0023] Preferably, the step 3) further includes at least one of the following technical features:

[0024] 31) The slowly adding is adding at a speed of 500-800 mL / min;

[0025] 32) while slowly adding the first slurry, a stabilizer is also added, and the stabilizer includes calcium chloride;

[0026] 33) The mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry is 1:(0.25-0.3).

[0027] Preferably, in step 4), the average particle size of the interface material is 200-500 μm.

[0028] Preferably, in step 5), the sintering temperature is 1250-1290°C.

[0029] Preferably, in step 5), the firing shrinkage is less than 1.15%.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present application provides a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material, which is prepared using the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material, wherein the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material is used in toilets, wash basins, bathtubs, stove tops, and dining table tops.

[0032] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present application uses polysaccharides and bauxite to make a first slurry with a certain viscosity, and then uses sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate and a surfactant as a stabilizing system to prepare a second slurry, and then adds the first slurry to the second slurry in an appropriate proportion, so that the carbon dioxide gas forms a bubble system evenly in the mixed slurry. After pre-drying and freeze-drying, inorganic particles such as bauxite will move to the outer interface of the bubble during the drying process to form a porous interface material. Thereafter, the interface material is mixed with the ceramic matrix component and fired, which can make the components fully compatible during the firing process, and enhance the bonding force between the interfaces of different materials through the three-dimensional interlocking effect, greatly improving the toughness and crack resistance of the ceramic material.

[0034] 2. The polylauryl methacrylate added to the second slurry of the present application can form an oil-water interface wetting effect at the interface of the carbon dioxide bubble, and the sepiolite can further inhibit the fluidity of the liquid and the carbon dioxide gas. The two cooperate with each other to improve the stability of the bubble system, so that the formed interface material has a better bridging effect. In addition, the addition of polysaccharides and aminoethanesulfonic acid, with the help of the weakly acidic system environment, can assist in maintaining the stability of the gas-liquid equilibrium through hydrogen bonding, and after the subsequent introduction of the stabilizer, the strengthening and toughening effects of the interface material are further improved.

[0035] 3. The preparation method of the present application is used to prepare ceramic materials. During the raw material mixing process, other particle components can enter and fill into the porous structure of the interface material. During the firing process, a series of solid solution, crystal growth, and densification occur, while excessive grain growth is suppressed. The resulting highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material has excellent anti-cracking performance, and after the addition of silver oxide, it can inhibit the growth of microorganisms and play a very good antibacterial and sterilization effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a data chart of the bending strength of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present application.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a fracture toughness data graph of the high crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a SEM image of the interface material structure of Example 3 of the present application.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a TEM image of the interface material structure of Example 3 of the present application.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a SEM image of the cross-sectional structure of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of Example 1 of the present application.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a SEM image of the cross-sectional structure of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of Example 2 of the present application.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a SEM image of the cross-sectional structure of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of Example 3 of the present application.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a SEM image of the cross-sectional structure of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of Comparative Example 1 of the present application.

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a SEM image of the cross-sectional structure of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of Comparative Example 2 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0046] The present application provides a method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0047] A method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material comprises the following steps:

[0048] 1) Mix water, polysaccharide and bauxite evenly, and then dehydrate and thicken to obtain the first slurry;

[0049] 2) Mixing sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate, aminoethanesulfonic acid, surfactant and water uniformly, then introducing carbon dioxide gas, and continuing to stir uniformly to obtain a second slurry;

[0050] 3) Slowly add the first slurry into the second slurry under continuous stirring, and obtain a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion;

[0051] 4) Drying the mixed slurry at 90-120°C for 10-20 minutes, and then freeze-drying it at low temperature, sintering, crushing and grinding it to obtain the interface material;

[0052] 5) Take 25-35 parts of feldspar powder, 10-20 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of alumina, 10-20 parts of interface material, 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 30-50 parts of zirconium oxide, 3-5 parts of aluminum powder, 2-3.5 parts of iron oxide, 0.15-0.3 parts of silver oxide, and 1-3 parts of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, then inject into the mold, demold, repair the blank, spray glaze, and fire it.

[0053] Preferably, the step 1) further includes at least one of the following technical features:

[0054] 11) The mass ratio of water, polysaccharide and bauxite is 1:(0.05-0.1):(0.3-0.5);

[0055] 12) The polysaccharide is one or more of carrageenan, sodium alginate, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, and agar.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of water, polysaccharide and bauxite can be 1:0.05:0.3, 1:0.05:0.5, 1:0.05:0.4, 1:0.05:0.3, 1:0.06:0.3, 1:0.1:0.3, 1:0.1:0.5, 1:0.1:0.35, and 1:0.75:0.35.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, the polysaccharide can be carrageenan, sodium alginate, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose or agar. Optionally, the polysaccharide is composed of carrageenan and sodium alginate in a mass ratio of 1:0.2.

[0058] Preferably, step 2) further includes at least one of the following technical features:

[0059] 21) The mass ratio of the sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate, aminoethanesulfonic acid, surfactant and water is (0.06-0.1):(0.05-0.075):(0.01-0.02):(0.015-0.03):1;

[0060] 22) The surfactant is an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt;

[0061] 23) The carbon dioxide content in the second slurry is 5-10%.

[0062] In some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of the sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate, aminoethanesulfonic acid, surfactant, and water can be 0.06:0.05:0.01:0.015:1, 0.1:0.075:0.02:0.03:1, 0.06:0.075:0.02:0.03:1, 0.06:0.05:0.02:0.03:1 、0.06:0.05:0.01:0.03:1、0.1:0.05:0.01:0.015:1、0.1:0.075:0.01:0.015:1、0.1:0.075:0.02:0.015:1、0.06:0.05:0.02:0.015:1、0.06:0.05:0.01:0.03:1.

[0063] In some specific embodiments, the content of carbon dioxide in the first slurry may be 5-7%, 7-8.5%, 8.5-10%. Optionally, the content of carbon dioxide in the first slurry may be 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%.

[0064] Preferably, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is one of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. In some specific embodiments, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt can be dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. Optionally, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is composed of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 0.25:1.

[0065] Preferably, the step 3) further includes at least one of the following technical features:

[0066] 31) The slow addition is added at a speed of 50-100 mL / min;

[0067] 32) while slowly adding the first slurry, a stabilizer is also added, and the stabilizer includes calcium chloride;

[0068] 33) The mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry is 1:(0.25-0.3).

[0069] In some specific embodiments, the slow addition may be at a rate of 500 mL / min, 550 mL / min, 600 mL / min, 650 mL / min, 700 mL / min, 750 mL / min, or 800 mL / min.

[0070] Preferably, the stabilizer is composed of calcium chloride, triethanolamine and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:1.5.

[0071] Preferably, the stabilizer is added in an amount of 0.35-0.5% by weight of the first slurry. In some embodiments, the stabilizer is added in an amount of 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, or 0.5% by weight of the first slurry.

[0072] In some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry may be 1:0.25, 1:0.27, 1:0.28, or 1:0.3.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, the sintering in step 4) may be performed at a temperature of 800°C, 900°C, or 950°C.

[0074] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present application are all commercially available.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] The method for preparing the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0077] 1) adding 10 kg of water, 0.5 kg of polysaccharide and 5 kg of bauxite into a stirring kettle and mixing them evenly, and then dehydrating and thickening the mixture to obtain a first slurry, the viscosity of which is 3000 mPa·s; the polysaccharide is carrageenan;

[0078] 2) 1 kg of sepiolite, 500 g of polylauryl methacrylate, 0.1 kg of aminoethanesulfonic acid, 300 g of surfactant and 10 kg of water were added into a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly at a stirring speed of 1500 rpm, and then vacuum degassing was performed first, and then carbon dioxide gas was introduced and stirred evenly to obtain a second slurry, wherein the carbon dioxide content in the second slurry was 5%; the surfactant was dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide; the average particle size of the sepiolite was 50 μm;

[0079] 3) slowly adding the first slurry into the second slurry at a stirring speed of 300 rpm at a rate of 800 mL / min, and obtaining a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion; the mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry is 1:0.25;

[0080] 4) drying the mixed slurry at 90° C. for 20 min, freeze-drying the mixed slurry at low temperature, sintering at 800° C., crushing and grinding the mixed slurry to obtain an interface material having an average particle size of 500 μm;

[0081] 5) Take 25kg of feldspar powder, 10kg of clay, 10kg of kaolin, 20kg of alumina, 20kg of interface material, 5kg of magnesium oxide, 30kg of zirconium oxide, 5kg of aluminum powder, 3.5kg of iron oxide, 0.15kg of silver oxide, and 1kg of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, and then use a high-pressure grouting machine to slurry into the mold at a working pressure of 4500psi. After demolding, repair the blank, then dry it in a baking room, repair it again, spray glaze after passing the inspection, put it into the kiln and fire it at 1250℃ for 15h. The temperature difference during the firing process is less than 5℃. After unloading the porcelain and passing the inspection, a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material is obtained.

[0082] The highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this embodiment uses a gypsum mold for a toilet base, and the firing shrinkage rate of the obtained toilet base is less than 1.15%.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] The method for preparing the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0085] 1) Add 10 kg of water, 1 kg of polysaccharide and 3 kg of bauxite into a stirring kettle and mix them evenly, then dehydrate and thicken to obtain a first slurry, the viscosity of the first slurry is 4000 mPa·s; the polysaccharide is carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0086] 2) 0.6 kg of sepiolite, 750 g of polylauryl methacrylate, 0.2 kg of aminoethanesulfonic acid, 150 g of surfactant and 10 kg of water were added into a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly at a stirring speed of 1500 rpm, and then vacuum degassing was first performed, and then carbon dioxide gas was introduced and stirred evenly to obtain a second slurry, wherein the carbon dioxide content in the second slurry was 10%; the surfactant was tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide; the average particle size of the sepiolite was 50 μm;

[0087] 3) slowly adding the first slurry into the second slurry at a stirring speed of 300 rpm at a rate of 500 mL / min, and obtaining a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion; the mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry is 1:0.3;

[0088] 4) drying the mixed slurry at 120° C. for 10 min, freeze-drying the mixed slurry at low temperature, sintering at 950° C., crushing and grinding the mixed slurry to obtain an interface material having an average particle size of 200 μm;

[0089] 5) Take 35kg of feldspar powder, 20kg of clay, 5kg of kaolin, 30kg of alumina, 10kg of interface material, 15kg of magnesium oxide, 50kg of zirconium oxide, 3kg of aluminum powder, 2kg of iron oxide, 0.3kg of silver oxide, and 3kg of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, and then use a high-pressure grouting machine to slurry into the mold at a working pressure of 4500psi. After demolding, repair the blank, then dry it in a baking room, repair it again, spray glaze after passing the inspection, put it into a kiln and fire it at a temperature of 1290℃ for 15h. The temperature difference during the firing process is less than 5℃. After unloading the porcelain and passing the inspection, a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material is obtained.

[0090] The highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this embodiment uses a gypsum mold for a toilet base, and the firing shrinkage rate of the obtained toilet base is less than 1.15%.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] The method for preparing the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0093] 1) Add 10 kg of water, 0.65 kg of polysaccharide and 5 kg of bauxite into a stirring kettle and mix them evenly, then dehydrate and thicken to obtain a first slurry, the viscosity of the first slurry is 3500 mPa·s; the polysaccharide is composed of carrageenan and sodium alginate in a mass ratio of 1:0.2;

[0094] 2) 0.85 kg of sepiolite, 600 g of polylauryl methacrylate, 0.15 kg of aminoethanesulfonic acid, 300 g of a surfactant, and 10 kg of water were added into a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly at a stirring speed of 1500 rpm, and then vacuum degassing was performed, and then carbon dioxide gas was introduced and stirred evenly to obtain a second slurry, wherein the carbon dioxide content in the second slurry was 8.5%; the surfactant was composed of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 0.25:1; the average particle size of the sepiolite was 50 μm;

[0095] 3) slowly adding the first slurry into the second slurry at a stirring speed of 300 rpm at a rate of 500 mL / min, and obtaining a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion; the mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry is 1:0.25;

[0096] 4) drying the mixed slurry at 120° C. for 10 min, freeze-drying the mixed slurry at low temperature, sintering at 900° C., crushing and grinding the mixed slurry to obtain an interface material having an average particle size of 350 μm;

[0097] 5) Take 30kg of feldspar powder, 15kg of clay, 10kg of kaolin, 30kg of alumina, 20kg of interface material, 15kg of magnesium oxide, 40kg of zirconium oxide, 3.5kg of aluminum powder, 3kg of iron oxide, 0.3kg of silver oxide, and 2kg of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, and then use a high-pressure grouting machine to slurry into the mold at a working pressure of 4500psi. After demolding, repair the blank, then dry it in a baking room, repair it again, spray glaze after passing the inspection, put it into a kiln and fire it at a temperature of 1290℃ for 15h. The temperature difference during the firing process is less than 5℃. After unloading the porcelain and passing the inspection, a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material is obtained.

[0098] The highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this embodiment uses a gypsum mold for a toilet base, and the firing shrinkage rate of the obtained toilet base is less than 1.15%.

[0099] Comparative Example 1

[0100] The preparation method of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0101] Take 25kg of feldspar powder, 10kg of clay, 10kg of kaolin, 20kg of alumina, 10kg of sepiolite, 10kg of bauxite, 5kg of magnesium oxide, 30kg of zirconium oxide, 5kg of aluminum powder, 3.5kg of iron oxide, 0.15kg of silver oxide, and 1kg of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, and then use a high-pressure grouting machine to grout into the mold at a working pressure of 4500psi. After demolding, repair the blank, then dry it in a baking room, repair it again, spray glaze after passing the inspection, put it into a kiln and fire it at a temperature of 1250℃ for 15h. The temperature difference during the firing process is less than 5℃. After unloading the porcelain and passing the inspection, a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material is obtained.

[0102] The high crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material in this comparative example uses a gypsum mold for a toilet base, and the resulting molded part is a toilet base.

[0103] Comparative Example 2

[0104] The preparation method of the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material of this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0105] 1) Add 10 kg of water, 0.5 kg of polysaccharide and 5 kg of bauxite into a stirring kettle and mix them evenly, then dehydrate and thicken to obtain a first slurry, the viscosity of the first slurry is 3000 mPa·s; the polysaccharide is carrageenan.

[0106] 2) adding 1 kg of sepiolite and 10 kg of water into a high-speed mixer and mixing them at a stirring speed of 1500 rpm to obtain a second slurry;

[0107] 3) slowly adding the first slurry into the second slurry at a stirring speed of 300 rpm at a rate of 800 mL / min, and obtaining a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion; the mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry is 1:0.25;

[0108] 4) Drying the mixed slurry at 90° C. for 20 min, and then freeze-drying the mixed slurry at low temperature, sintering, crushing, and grinding the mixed slurry to obtain an interface material, wherein the average particle size of the interface material is 500 μm;

[0109] 5) Take 25kg of feldspar powder, 10kg of clay, 10kg of kaolin, 20kg of alumina, 20kg of interface material, 5kg of magnesium oxide, 30kg of zirconium oxide, 5kg of aluminum powder, 3.5kg of iron oxide, 0.15kg of silver oxide, and 1kg of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, and then use a high-pressure grouting machine to slurry into the mold at a working pressure of 4500psi. After demolding, repair the blank, then dry it in a baking room, repair it again, spray glaze after passing the inspection, put it into the kiln and fire it at 1250℃ for 15h. The temperature difference during the firing process is less than 5℃. After unloading the porcelain and passing the inspection, a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material is obtained.

[0110] The high crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material in this comparative example uses a gypsum mold for a toilet base, and the resulting molded part is a toilet base.

[0111] Performance testing

[0112] According to the preparation method of the high crack resistance and antibacterial ceramic material of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the samples were prepared and cut into 3×4×45 mm 3 The standard size test strips were tested, and the edges of the test strips were polished and chamfered to reduce the error caused by machining. The bending strength of the samples was then tested by a universal testing machine using a four-point bending method. The test conditions were: upper span 20 mm, lower span 40 mm, and a cross speed of 0.5 mm / min. The examples and comparisons were tested 5 times to take the average value. The test results are shown in the figure. Figure 1 shown.

[0113] Take the sample prepared above, use a microhardness tester to measure the Vickers hardness under a load of 98N, and calculate the fracture toughness. The calculation formula is: K=0.016 (E / H) 0.5 (P / C 0.75 ), where E is the Young's modulus of the ceramic material (GPa), H is the Vickers hardness, P is the load (N), and C is half of the average crack length. The examples and comparisons were measured 5 times and the average values ​​were taken. The test results are shown in Figure 2 shown.

[0114] The interface material of Example 3 was taken and the micro-nano morphology was observed using a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope. The specific results are as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 The highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were fractured by liquid nitrogen, polished, and then the cross-sectional morphology was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The results are as follows: Figure 5-9 shown.

[0115] It can be seen that the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material prepared in the present application has high bending strength and fracture toughness, is not easy to crack, and from the microscopic morphology it can also be seen that it has a uniform and stable sintered structure and has good overall performance. It is suitable for the production of bathroom products such as kitchen countertops, washbasins, bathtubs, and toilets.

[0116] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Mixing water, polysaccharide and bauxite in a mass ratio of 1:(0.05-0.1):(0.3-0.5) uniformly, and then dehydrating and thickening to obtain a first slurry; the polysaccharide is one or more of carrageenan, sodium alginate, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose and agar; 2) Mixing sepiolite, polylauryl methacrylate, aminoethanesulfonic acid, surfactant and water in a mass ratio of (0.06-0.1):(0.05-0.075):(0.01-0.02):(0.015-0.03):1, then introducing carbon dioxide gas, and continuing to stir to obtain a second slurry; the surfactant is an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt; the content of carbon dioxide in the second slurry is 5-10%; 3) slowly adding the first slurry into the second slurry under continuous stirring, and obtaining a mixed slurry after uniform dispersion; while slowly adding the first slurry, a stabilizer is also added, and the amount of the stabilizer added is 0.35-0.5% of the mass of the first slurry; the stabilizer is composed of calcium chloride, triethanolamine, and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:1.5; 4) drying the mixed slurry at 90-120° C. for 10-20 min, freeze-drying at low temperature, sintering, crushing and grinding to obtain an interface material; the average particle size of the interface material is 200-500 μm; 5) Take 25-35 parts of feldspar powder, 10-20 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of alumina, 10-20 parts of interface material, 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 30-50 parts of zirconium oxide, 3-5 parts of aluminum powder, 2-3.5 parts of iron oxide, 0.15-0.3 parts of silver oxide, and 1-3 parts of colorant, mix them evenly, add water and mix, then inject into the mold, demold, repair the blank, spray glaze, and fire it.

2. The method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is one of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

3. The method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 3) further includes at least one of the following technical features: 31) The slowly adding is adding at a speed of 500-800 mL / min; 32) The mass ratio of the first slurry to the second slurry is 1:(0.25-0.3).

4. The method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5), the sintering temperature is 1250-1290°C.

5. The method for preparing a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5), the firing shrinkage is less than 1.15%.

6. A highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material, characterized in that: The method is prepared by any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Application of a highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material, characterized in that: The highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the highly crack-resistant and antibacterial ceramic material according to claim 6 is used for toilets, wash basins, bathtubs, stove tops, and dining table tops.

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