Anchor cable anchoring device and method for coal mine soft rock roadway

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of anchoring, in particular to an anchor cable anchoring device and method for a coal mine soft rock roadway. Comprising a base plate, the base plate is detachably connected to the mine tunnel wall, steel cables which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are installed on the base plate through anchorage device clamping pieces, the steel cables which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are jointly and fixedly connected with wire bunching rings which are distributed in a linear array mode, the steel cables which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are jointly and fixedly connected with a guide block, and a cavity is formed in the guide block. A cavity is formed in the base plate, a sliding block is connected into the cavity in a sliding mode, the base plate is provided with metal pipes distributed in a linear array mode, the adjacent metal pipes are in threaded connection, and the part, close to the base plate, of the metal pipe is communicated with an external cement pump. The hard metal pipe drives the guide block to move, and in the process that the guide block drives the steel cable to move, the situation that when deformation occurs in the soft rock roadway, the guide block is blocked, the moving track is changed, then the steel cable is bent, and the anchoring effect is affected is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of anchoring technology, and in particular to an anchor cable anchoring device and method for soft rock tunnels in coal mines. Background Art

[0002] An anchor cable is an anchoring device used to reinforce and support the mine tunnel structure. The anchor cable anchoring device is generally composed of a guide block at the end, several steel cables in the middle, several wire rings arranged in a straight line along the steel cables, and a pad at the tail. The general steps for installing the anchor cable in the mine tunnel are to place the guide block and steel cable into the anchor hole through an external delivery mechanism, and then pour cement slurry twice. Finally, after the cement slurry is poured, the steel cable is pre-tensioned by a tensioning mechanism to enhance the structural strength of the coal mine tunnel.

[0003] Since soft rock tunnels are composed of rock layers with high water content, they are softer than hard rocks, which makes the interior of soft rock tunnels prone to deformation. As a result, after the guide block enters the anchor hole, the interior of the anchor hole is prone to deformation, which causes the guide block to be blocked in the anchor hole. When the steel cable encounters greater resistance, it is easy to bend. Once the steel cable bends, the tension of the steel cable itself will be reduced, thereby affecting the stability of the anchor cable after tensioning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the disadvantage that the steel cable bends when encountering large resistance, resulting in a decrease in the tension of the steel cable itself, which in turn affects the stability of the anchor cable after tensioning, the present invention provides an anchor cable anchoring device and method for soft rock tunnels in coal mines.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: an anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines, comprising a pad, the pad being detachably connected to the mine tunnel wall, the pad being installed with circumferentially evenly distributed steel cables through anchor clips, the circumferentially evenly distributed steel cables being commonly fixedly connected with a wire harness ring distributed in a linear array, the circumferentially evenly distributed steel cables being commonly fixedly connected with a guide block, a cavity being provided in the guide block, a slider being slidably connected in the cavity, the pad being provided with metal tubes distributed in a linear array, adjacent metal tubes being threadedly connected, the metal tubes near the pad being connected with an external cement pump, the metal tubes and the pad being slidably matched, the metal tubes distributed in a linear array respectively passing through adjacent wire harness rings, the cavity being connected with adjacent metal tubes, the wire harness ring and the guide block being slidably connected with adjacent metal tubes, the slider being rotatably connected with rotating plates which are symmetrically distributed and both penetrate the inner wall of the guide block, and a torsion spring being fixedly connected between the rotating plate and the slider.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner wall of the guide block is slidably connected to a symmetrically distributed sliding rod, an elastic part is fixed between the sliding rod and the guide block, the sliding rod is limited and matched with the adjacent rotating plate, and a symmetrically distributed limiting plate is slidably connected to a position near the adjacent metal tube in the guide block, an elastic part is fixed between the limiting plate and the guide block, the limiting plate is limited and matched with the adjacent sliding rod, and the metal tube near the guide block is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting holes, and the limiting holes are limited and matched with the adjacent limiting plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the back sides of the symmetrically distributed limiting plates are all fixedly connected with resistance plates, and the resistance plates are embedded in the guide blocks.

[0008] Furthermore, a grouting pipe is fixedly connected to and communicated with the metal tube near the guide block, and the grouting pipe is communicated with the anchor hole of the mine tunnel wall. A sliding frame that cooperates with the grouting pipe seal is slidably connected to the metal tube near the guide block, and an elastic part is fixed between the sliding frame and the adjacent metal tube.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes sealing plates that are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction and in a linear array. The circumferentially uniformly distributed sealing plates are all slidably connected to the adjacent wiring rings. Elastic parts are fixed between the sealing plates and the adjacent wiring rings, and the sealing plates are squeezed and fitted with the adjacent metal tubes.

[0010] Furthermore, the wiring ring is provided with circumferentially evenly distributed through holes, the through holes of the wiring ring are located on the side of the adjacent sealing plate close to the pad, a resistance rod is slidably connected in the through holes of the wiring ring, and an elastic part is fixed between the resistance rod and the adjacent wiring ring.

[0011] Furthermore, a bracket is also included, which is arranged on one side of the base plate, and a shell is fixedly connected to the bracket. The shell is connected to an external cement pump, and the shell is penetrated by the adjacent metal pipe. The metal pipe is provided with one-way holes distributed in a linear array and all connected to the shell, a one-way valve is provided at one end of the metal pipe close to the shell, and a one-way valve is provided in the one-way hole of the metal pipe, and symmetrically distributed motors are fixedly connected to the bracket, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a delivery wheel, and the symmetrically distributed delivery wheels are all in transmission cooperation with the adjacent metal pipes.

[0012] Furthermore, a first liquid sac and a second liquid sac are fixedly connected to one side of the backing plate close to the guide block, the first liquid sac and the second liquid sac are connected through a catheter, and the outer diameter of the first liquid sac is larger than the diameter of the anchor hole.

[0013] Furthermore, an observation hole is provided on the pad, and the observation hole is located between the first liquid sac and the second liquid sac, and the observation hole is located on the upper side of the first liquid sac.

[0014] Furthermore, a cable anchoring method for a soft rock roadway in a coal mine is provided, based on the above-mentioned cable anchoring device for a soft rock roadway in a coal mine, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] Step 1: The output shaft of the motor drives the adjacent delivery wheels to rotate, delivering the metal tube. The metal tube drives the guide block to move and penetrate into the anchor hole. The guide block drives the parts on it to move through the steel cable;

[0016] Step 2: Inject cement slurry into the metal pipe through an external cement pump. The cement slurry flows along the metal pipe into the cavity and pushes the slider to move, causing the rotating plate to lose contact with the guide block. The rotating plate rotates and expands, and then a gap is formed between the guide block and the slider. The cement slurry is discharged through the gap and grouting is performed once in the anchor hole.

[0017] Step 3: The rotating plate moves to gradually compress the elastic part of the sliding rod, and the sliding rod moves and gradually loses its limit with the adjacent limit plate, causing the elastic part of the limit plate to pop out, causing the symmetrically distributed limit plates to move in opposite directions, and the limit plates drive the adjacent resistance plates to move;

[0018] Step 4: The limiting plate moves until it loses its limit with the adjacent limiting hole, and the metal pipe is gradually pulled out of the anchor hole. During the movement of the metal pipe, the anchor hole is grouted twice;

[0019] Step 5: After grouting is completed, the metal tube is pulled out. When the metal tube moves until it loses contact with the adjacent circumferentially distributed blocking plates, the elastic parts of the blocking plates pop out and drive them to move. The circumferentially evenly distributed blocking plates block the hole in the middle of the cable ring. The cement slurry squeezes the circumferentially evenly distributed resistance rods and causes them to move away from the axis of the metal tube.

[0020] Step 6: During the grouting process of the anchor hole, the first liquid sac and the second liquid sac are closely attached to the surrounding of the anchor hole. When the cement flows and squeezes the first liquid sac, the first liquid sac is compressed and contracts, and the liquid inside is injected into the second liquid sac through the catheter, causing the second liquid sac to expand.

[0021] Step 7: When the anchor hole is filled with cement slurry, the cement slurry overflows along the observation hole on the upper side. At this time, the external cement pump is turned off, and the adjacent delivery wheel is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the motor. All metal pipes are taken out and split and collected. The steel cable is pre-tensioned by the external tensioning equipment, and then the above steps are repeated to anchor the anchor cables at other locations in the mine.

[0022] Beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses a rigid metal tube to drive the guide block to move. In the process of the guide block driving the steel cable to move, deformation in the soft rock tunnel is avoided, which may cause the guide block to be blocked and cause the movement trajectory to change, thereby causing the steel cable to bend and affecting the anchoring effect.

[0023] 2. The present invention increases the contact area between the rotating plate and the cement slurry by rotating the rotating plate, thereby increasing the resistance between the slider and the cement slurry, thereby avoiding a large displacement of the guide block and the slider during the subsequent pre-tensioning of the steel cable, thereby affecting the anchoring effect;

[0024] 3. The present invention increases the resistance between the cable tie ring and the cement slurry by inserting the resistance rod into the cement slurry, thereby increasing the stability of the steel cable and reducing the impact of deformation of the soft rock tunnel on the steel cable.

[0025] 4. The present invention seals the anchor hole by the first liquid bag and the second liquid bag to prevent the operator from stopping grouting when the cement slurry flows out from the bottom of the anchor hole, but the upper side of the anchor hole has not been filled with cement slurry, thereby causing gaps in the anchor hole and affecting the anchoring effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cable tie ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the slider of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the guide block of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the guide block and the slider of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the metal tube of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the limiting plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding frame of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the resistance rod of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blocking plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the pad of the present invention.

[0038] Markings in the figure are: 101-pad, 102-steel cable, 103-wire ring, 104-guide block, 1041-cavity, 105-slider, 106-metal tube, 107-rotating plate, 2-sliding rod, 201-limiting plate, 202-limiting hole, 3-resistance plate, 4-grouting pipe, 401-sliding frame, 5-sealing plate, 6-resistance rod, 7-bracket, 701-shell, 702-motor, 703-delivery wheel, 8-first liquid capsule, 801-second liquid capsule, 9-observation hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not limit the present invention.

[0040] Since soft rock tunnels are composed of rock layers with high water content, they are softer than hard rocks, which makes the interior of soft rock tunnels prone to deformation. If the soft rock tunnels are deformed, their anchor holes will squeeze the steel cables and block the guide blocks, hindering the movement of the steel cables. When the steel cables encounter greater resistance, they are prone to bending. Once the steel cables bend, the tension of the steel cables themselves will be reduced, thereby affecting the stability of the anchor cables after tensioning.

[0041] Example 1: An anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines, such as Figures 1-6As shown, it includes a pad 101, which is detachably connected to the mine wall. The pad 101 is installed with a number of steel cables 102 evenly distributed in the circumference through an anchor clip. The several steel cables 102 evenly distributed in the circumference are commonly fixed with a wire harness ring 103 distributed in a straight array. The several steel cables 102 evenly distributed in the circumference are commonly fixed with a guide block 104. The left end of the guide block 104 is frustum-shaped and the diameter of the left end is smaller than that of the right end, which is used to guide the movement of the steel cable 102. A cavity 1041 is provided in the right part of the guide block 104, and a slider 105 is slidably connected in the cavity 1041. The pad 101 is provided with a number of metal tubes 106 distributed in a straight array. A hole is provided in the middle of the wire harness ring 103. The aperture of the hole in the wire harness ring 103 is larger than that of the right end. The outer diameters of the metal tubes 106 are the same, and adjacent metal tubes 106 are threadedly connected. The metal tube 106 on the right is connected to an external cement pump, and the external cement pump is electrically connected to a remote control terminal, wherein the remote control terminal is not shown in the figure. The metal tubes 106 and the pad 101 slide together, and the metal tubes 106 distributed in a linear array pass through the holes of adjacent wire rings 103 respectively. The cavity 1041 is connected to the adjacent metal tubes 106, and the wire rings 103 and the guide blocks 104 are slidingly connected to the adjacent metal tubes 106 respectively. The slider 105 is rotatably connected to the rotating plates 107 that are symmetrically distributed and penetrate the inner wall of the guide block 104. A torsion spring is fixed between the rotating plate 107 and the slider 105. The initial state of the torsion spring is to store force, and at this time the rotating plate 107 is placed horizontally.

[0042] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the guide block 104 is slidably connected with a sliding rod 2 symmetrically distributed up and down, and an elastic member is fixed between the sliding rod 2 and the guide block 104, wherein the elastic member of the sliding rod 2 is a tension spring and is initially stretched to store force, and the sliding rod 2 is limitedly matched with the adjacent rotating plate 107. When the rotating plate 107 is inserted into the guide block 104, the rotating plate 107 squeezes the adjacent sliding rod 2, so that the elastic member of the sliding rod 2 cannot shrink and reset. When the rotating plate 107 gradually moves and loses contact with the guide block 104, the elastic member of the sliding rod 2 shrinks, and the right side of the inner wall of the guide block 104 is slidably connected with a limiting plate 201 symmetrically distributed up and down, and a rectangular hole is provided on the limiting plate 201. An elastic part is fixed between the limiting plate 201 and the guide block 104. The elastic part of the limiting plate 201 is a compression spring and is initially compressed to store force. The limiting plate 201 is limited in cooperation with the adjacent sliding rod 2. Initially, the sliding rod 2 is inserted into the rectangular hole of the adjacent limiting plate 201 to prevent the elastic part of the limiting plate 201 from popping out. The metal tube 106 near the guide block 104 is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting holes 202. The limiting holes 202 are limited in cooperation with the adjacent limiting plate 201. The limiting plate 201 is initially inserted into the adjacent limiting hole 202. When the limiting plate 201 loses contact with the adjacent limiting hole 202, the guide block 104 and the adjacent metal tube 106 lose their limit.

[0043] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the back sides of the upper and lower symmetrically distributed limit plates 201 are fixed with resistance plates 3 , which are extended to increase the resistance of the guide block 104 when it moves, and the resistance plates 3 are embedded in the guide block 104 .

[0044] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a grouting pipe 4 is fixedly connected to and communicated with the metal tube 106 on the left. The lower side of the grouting pipe 4 is tilted to the right to reduce the backflow of cement slurry. The grouting pipe 4 is communicated with the anchor hole of the mine tunnel wall. A sliding frame 401 is slidably connected to the metal tube 106 on the left and cooperates with the grouting pipe 4 to seal it. A hole is provided on the upper side of the sliding frame 401. When the hole of the sliding frame 401 is aligned with the grouting pipe 4, the cement slurry enters the grouting pipe 4 through the hole of the sliding frame 401. An elastic part is fixed between the sliding frame 401 and the adjacent metal tube 106. The elastic part of the sliding frame 401 is a tension spring.

[0045] When the operator needs to use this device to anchor the mine tunnel, the operator places the guide block 104 into the anchor hole drilled in advance, and the operator uses external equipment to deliver several metal pipes 106 to the left into the anchor hole (when the left end of the left metal pipe 106 moves to contact the left side of the anchor hole, the pad 101 fits with the opening of the anchor hole, and the operator fixes the pad 101 at the opening of the anchor hole with bolts, so that the center of the pad 101 is aligned with the axis of the anchor hole). The leftmost metal pipe 106 moves to the left. During the process, the guide block 104 is driven to move to the left through the limiting hole 202 and the limiting plate 201, and the guide block 104 drives several steel cables 102 to move to the left, and the steel cables 102 drive several cable rings 103 to move to the left. During the movement of the steel cables 102, the guide block 104 is driven to move through the hard metal tube 106 to avoid deformation in the soft rock tunnel that blocks the movement of the guide block 104, causing the movement trajectory of the guide block 104 to change, thereby causing the steel cables 102 to bend and affecting the anchoring effect.

[0046] When the guide block 104 moves to the left until it is in contact with the left side of the anchor hole, the operator injects cement slurry into the metal pipe 106 on the right side through an external cement pump. The cement slurry flows into the cavity 1041 through the metal pipes 106 distributed in a linear array. Then the cement squeezes the slider 105 and causes it to move to the left. The slider 105 drives the two rotating plates 107 to move to the left. As the slider 105 moves to the left, the rotating plates 107 gradually lose contact with the guide block 104. When the rotating plates 107 lose contact with the guide block 104, the torsion spring of the rotating plate 107 rotates and drives it to flip (the torsion spring of the rotating plate 107 is initially in a stored force state), causing the two rotating plates 107 to flip around their rotating connection in the direction away from the guide block 104. The contact area between the rotating plates 107 and the cement slurry increases, thereby increasing the resistance between the slider 105 and the cement slurry, thereby avoiding a large displacement of the guide block 104 and the slider 105 when the steel cable 102 is pre-tensioned subsequently, thereby affecting the anchoring effect.

[0047] In the process of the rotating plate 107 losing contact with the guide block 104, the rotating plate 107 moves to the left, causing the elastic part of the sliding rod 2 to be gradually compressed (the elastic part of the sliding rod 2 is initially stretched), and the sliding rod 2 moves to the left and gradually loses its limit with the adjacent limit plate 201 (the sliding rod 2 is initially inserted into the rectangular hole of the limit plate 201). When the sliding rod 2 loses its limit with the adjacent limit plate 201, the elastic part of the limit plate 201 pops out (the elastic part of the limit plate 201 is initially compressed and stored), causing the symmetrically distributed limit plates 201 to move backwards, and the limit plates 201 drive the adjacent resistance plates 3 to move. When the rotating plate 107 is in contact with the guide block 10 After losing contact, a gap is generated between the guide block 104 and the slider 105, and the cement slurry in the cavity 1041 is discharged to the right side of the rotating plate 107 through the gap between the guide block 104 and the slider 105. As the cement slurry is discharged, a first grouting is performed in the anchor hole. The cement slurry moves to the right until it contacts the resistance plate 3, increasing the contact area between the resistance plate 3 and the cement slurry, thereby increasing the resistance between the guide block 104 and the cement slurry. The limit plate 201 gradually loses its limit with the adjacent limit hole 202. After the first grouting, when the cement slurry is initially set but not completely set, the operator performs a second grouting through the external cement pump and the metal pipe 106.

[0048] When the limiting plate 201 loses its limit with the adjacent limiting hole 202, during the secondary grouting process, the operator gradually pulls out the linearly distributed metal pipe 106 through external equipment, and the metal pipe 106 performs secondary grouting while moving to the right, so that the cement slurry is evenly filled in each section of the anchor hole.

[0049] During the grouting process of the metal pipe 106 on the left, when the space on the left side of the guide block 104 is filled with cement slurry, the resistance of the cement slurry flowing into the cavity 1041 increases, and the cement slurry pushes the sliding frame 401 to move to the left, causing the elastic part of the sliding frame 401 to stretch, and then the cement is injected into the anchor hole through the grouting pipe 4, and the anchor hole is evenly grouted as the metal pipe 106 moves.

[0050] When the metal tube 106 on the left moves out of the anchor hole, the operator separates and collects the several metal tubes 106 that are threaded together, and then the operator pre-tensions the steel cable 102 through external tensioning equipment. The operator then repeats the above steps to anchor the cables at other locations.

[0051] Example 2: Based on Example 1, Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, it also includes a number of sealing plates 5 that are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction and in a linear array. The circumferentially uniformly distributed sealing plates 5 are all slidably connected to adjacent wiring rings 103. The wiring rings 103 are approximately truncated cone-shaped, and the diameter of the wiring rings 103 close to the guide block 104 is smaller than its diameter in the direction away from the guide block 104. An elastic member is fixed between the sealing plate 5 and the adjacent wiring rings 103. The elastic member of the sealing plate 5 is a compression spring and is initially in a compressed and force-storing state. The sealing plate 5 is squeezed and fitted with the adjacent metal tube 106. When the metal tube 106 is located in the hole of the adjacent wiring ring 103, the sealing plate 5 is located in the adjacent wiring ring 103. When the metal tube 106 loses contact with the hole of the adjacent wiring ring 103, the elastic member of the sealing plate 5 drives it to pop out, so that the hole of the wiring ring 103 is blocked by the four adjacent sealing plates 5.

[0052] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, a plurality of through holes evenly distributed circumferentially are provided in the cable ring 103. The through hole of the cable ring 103 is located on the right side of the adjacent sealing plate 5. A resistance rod 6 is slidably connected in the through hole of the cable ring 103. The resistance rod 6 is used to increase the resistance between the cable ring 103 and the cement. An elastic member is fixed between the resistance rod 6 and the adjacent cable ring 103, wherein the elastic member is a compression spring.

[0053] During the process of the metal tube 106 moving to the right, when the left metal tube 106 moves to lose contact with the adjacent circumferentially distributed sealing plate 5, the elastic part of the sealing plate 5 pops out and drives it to move (the initial state of the elastic part of the sealing plate 5 is compressed and stored), and the circumferentially evenly distributed sealing plate 5 blocks the hole in the middle of the cable ring 103. Then the metal tube 106 is located on the right side of the adjacent sealing plate 5. At this time, there is no cement slurry blocking the left side of the left metal tube 106 temporarily. The cement slurry is discharged between the circumferentially distributed resistance rods 6 through the holes of the left metal tube 106. The cement slurry squeezes the circumferentially evenly distributed resistance rods 6 and makes them move away from the axis of the metal tube 106. The resistance rods 6 are inserted into the cement slurry of the single grouting, increasing the resistance between the cable ring 103 and the cement slurry, increasing the stability of the steel cable 102, and reducing the impact of squeezing the steel cable 102 when the soft rock tunnel is deformed.

[0054] In this embodiment, the external cement pump is not directly connected to the metal pipe 106. The external cement pump is connected to the metal pipe 106 through the shell 701 placed on the bracket 7. In this embodiment, the metal pipe 106 is not delivered through external equipment, but is delivered through the delivery wheel 703.

[0055] Example 3: Based on Example 2, Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, it also includes a bracket 7, which is installed in the mine wall. The bracket 7 is set on the right side of the pad 101. The shell 701 is connected to the external cement pump, and the external cement pump is electrically connected to the remote control terminal. The shell 701 is penetrated by the adjacent metal pipe 106. The metal pipe 106 is provided with one-way holes distributed in a linear array and all connected to the shell 701. A one-way valve is provided at the right end of the metal pipe 106. The one-way valve is provided in the one-way hole of the metal pipe 106. When the cement slurry flows from the shell 701 into the adjacent metal pipe 106, the one-way valve is provided. 6, the one-way valve of the one-way hole on the metal tube 106 flows, and when the cement slurry flows from right to left, the one-way valve of the metal tube 106 flows. Two symmetrically distributed motors 702 are fixed on the bracket 7, both of which are electrically connected to the remote control terminal. The output shaft of the motor 702 is fixed with a delivery wheel 703. The symmetrically distributed delivery wheels 703 are all in transmission cooperation with adjacent metal tubes 106. One of the metal tubes 106 is initially located between the two delivery wheels 703, and the rotation of the two delivery wheels 703 is used to drive the adjacent metal tubes 106 to move.

[0056] like Figure 2 and Figure 12As shown, the left side of the pad 101 is fixedly connected with a first liquid sac 8 and a second liquid sac 801. The first liquid sac 8 and the second liquid sac 801 are connected by a conduit. When the cement slurry squeezes the first liquid sac 8, the first liquid sac 8 squeezes the liquid inside it into the second liquid sac 801, causing the second liquid sac 801 to expand and seal the anchor hole. The outer diameter of the first liquid sac 8 is larger than the diameter of the anchor hole and is used to seal the anchor hole.

[0057] like Figure 12 As shown, an observation hole 9 is provided on the pad 101, which is located between the first liquid sac 8 and the second liquid sac 801, and the observation hole 9 is located on the upper side of the first liquid sac 8, so that the cement slurry will not overflow until the upper part of the anchor hole is filled with cement slurry.

[0058] When the operator places the metal tube 106 into the anchor hole, the operator turns on the two motors 702 through the external remote control terminal. The output shafts of the two motors 702 rotate toward each other. The output shafts of the motors 702 drive the adjacent delivery wheels 703 to rotate. The two delivery wheels 703 rotate toward each other to deliver the metal tube 106.

[0059] When the metal tube 106 needs to be taken out, the operator controls the output shafts of the two motors 702 to reverse through the external remote control terminal. The output shaft of the motor 702 drives the adjacent delivery wheel 703 to reverse and deliver the metal tube 106. In the process of the metal tube 106 moving to the right, the cement slurry is injected into the adjacent one-way holes on the adjacent metal tube 106 through the shell 701 (when the cement slurry is injected from the shell 701 into the one-way holes of the metal tube 106, the one-way valve of the one-way hole on the metal tube 106 opens for circulation). The cement slurry flows to the left through the metal tube 106 and its one-way valve in turn. When one of the metal tubes 106 on the right moves to lose contact with the shell 701, the operator rotates and unscrews the metal tube 106 on the right (the one-way valve of the metal tube 106 opens when the cement slurry flows freely to the left, so the cement slurry only flows to the left in the metal tube 106). This reciprocating process gradually collects the metal tubes 106 in sections to prevent the cement pipeline from being too long and inconvenient to operate due to the small space in the mine tunnel.

[0060] During the grouting of the anchor hole, the operator threaded the pad 101 onto the mine tunnel wall so that the first liquid capsule 8 and the second liquid capsule 801 are tightly attached to the surrounding of the anchor hole. During the cement slurry pouring process, the cement slurry flows along the lower side of the anchor hole under the action of gravity. When the cement flows and squeezes the first liquid capsule 8, the first liquid capsule 8 is compressed and contracts and its internal liquid is injected into the second liquid capsule 801 through the catheter, causing the second liquid capsule 801 to expand. Therefore, the greater the pressure on the first liquid capsule 8, the tighter the second liquid capsule 801 fits to the mine tunnel wall, avoiding the situation where the cement slurry overflows along the lower side of the anchor hole while the upper side of the anchor hole is not filled with cement slurry, resulting in gaps in the anchor hole, which in turn leads to poor anchoring effect.

[0061] When the anchor hole is filled with cement slurry, the cement slurry squeezes the upper side of the first liquid bag 8, and then the cement slurry overflows along the upper observation hole 9. After the operator observes that the observation hole 9 overflows with cement slurry, the operator turns off the external cement pump. The operator takes out all the metal pipes 106 and splits and collects them, and then turns off the motor 702 through the remote control terminal. The operator then pre-tensions the steel cable 102 through the external tensioning equipment, and then the operator repeats the above steps to anchor the anchor cable at other locations in the mine tunnel.

[0062] Example 4: Based on Example 3, Figures 1-12 As shown, a cable anchoring method for a soft rock roadway in a coal mine is based on the above-mentioned cable anchoring device for a soft rock roadway in a coal mine. The specific steps are as follows:

[0063] Step 1: The output shaft of the motor 702 drives the adjacent delivery wheel 703 to rotate. The delivery wheel 703 delivers the metal tube 106, which drives the guide block 104 to move and penetrate into the anchor hole. The guide block 104 drives the parts on it to move through the steel cable 102;

[0064] Step 2: Cement slurry is injected into the metal pipe 106 through an external cement pump. The cement slurry flows along the metal pipe 106 into the cavity 1041 and pushes the slider 105 to move, causing the rotating plate 107 to lose contact with the guide block 104. The rotating plate 107 rotates and expands, and then a gap is formed between the guide block 104 and the slider 105. The cement slurry is discharged through the gap and grouting is performed once in the anchor hole.

[0065] Step 3: The rotating plate 107 moves to gradually compress the elastic member of the sliding rod 2. The sliding rod 2 moves and gradually loses its limit with the adjacent limit plate 201, causing the elastic member of the limit plate 201 to pop out, causing the symmetrically distributed limit plates 201 to move in opposite directions. The limit plates 201 drive the adjacent resistance plates 3 to move.

[0066] Step 4: The limiting plate 201 moves until it loses its position with the adjacent limiting hole 202, and the metal tube 106 is gradually pulled out of the anchor hole. The metal tube 106 performs secondary grouting on the anchor hole during the movement process;

[0067] Step 5: After the grouting is completed, the metal tube 106 is pulled out. When the metal tube 106 moves to the point where it loses contact with the adjacent circumferentially distributed blocking plates 5, the elastic member of the blocking plates 5 pops out and drives it to move. The circumferentially evenly distributed blocking plates 5 block the hole in the middle of the cable ring 103. The cement slurry squeezes the circumferentially evenly distributed resistance rods 6 and causes them to move away from the axis of the metal tube 106.

[0068] Step 6: During the grouting process of the anchor hole, the first liquid sac 8 and the second liquid sac 801 are closely attached to the surrounding of the anchor hole. When the cement flows and squeezes the first liquid sac 8, the first liquid sac 8 contracts under pressure and its internal liquid is injected into the second liquid sac 801 through the catheter, causing the second liquid sac 801 to expand.

[0069] Step 7: When the anchor hole is filled with cement slurry, the cement slurry overflows along the upper observation hole 9. At this time, the external cement pump is turned off, and the adjacent delivery wheel 703 is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the motor 702. All the metal pipes 106 are taken out and split and collected. The steel cable 102 is pre-tensioned by the external tensioning equipment, and then the above steps are repeated to anchor the anchor cables at other locations in the mine.

[0070] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor cable anchoring device for a soft rock tunnel in a coal mine, comprising a pad (101), the pad (101) being detachably connected to a mine tunnel wall, the pad (101) being mounted with circumferentially evenly distributed steel cables (102) through an anchor clip, the circumferentially evenly distributed steel cables (102) being fixedly connected to a cable tie ring (103) distributed in a linear array, the circumferentially evenly distributed steel cables (102) being fixedly connected to a guide block (104), the guide block (104) being provided with a cavity (1041), wherein: It also includes a slider (105), which is slidably connected in the cavity (1041). The pad (101) is provided with metal tubes (106) distributed in a linear array. Adjacent metal tubes (106) are threadedly connected. The metal tubes (106) near the pad (101) are connected to an external cement pump. The metal tubes (106) and the pad (101) are slidably matched. The metal tubes (106) distributed in a linear array respectively penetrate adjacent cable rings (103). The cavity (1041) is connected to adjacent metal tubes (106). The cable ring (103) and the guide block (104) are slidably connected to adjacent metal tubes (106). The slider (105) is rotatably connected with rotating plates (107) which are symmetrically distributed and penetrate the inner wall of the guide block (104). A torsion spring is fixed between the rotating plate (107) and the slider (105).

2. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the guide block (104) is slidably connected to a symmetrically distributed sliding rod (2), an elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding rod (2) and the guide block (104), the sliding rod (2) is limitedly matched with the adjacent rotating plate (107), a symmetrically distributed limiting plate (201) is slidably connected to a position near the adjacent metal tube (106) in the guide block (104), an elastic member is fixedly connected between the limiting plate (201) and the guide block (104), the limiting plate (201) is limitedly matched with the adjacent sliding rod (2), the metal tube (106) near the guide block (104) is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting holes (202), the limiting holes (202) are limitedly matched with the adjacent limiting plates (201).

3. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The back sides of the symmetrically distributed limiting plates (201) are all fixedly connected with resistance plates (3), and the resistance plates (3) are embedded in the guide blocks (104).

4. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: A grouting pipe (4) is fixedly connected and communicated in the metal pipe (106) near the guide block (104), and the grouting pipe (4) is communicated with an anchor hole in the mine tunnel wall. A sliding frame (401) that cooperates with the grouting pipe (4) to seal is slidably connected in the metal pipe (106) near the guide block (104), and an elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding frame (401) and the adjacent metal pipe (106).

5. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes blocking plates (5) that are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction and in a linear array. The blocking plates (5) that are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are all slidably connected in adjacent cable tie rings (103). An elastic member is fixed between the blocking plates (5) and the adjacent cable tie rings (103). The blocking plates (5) are squeezed and matched with the adjacent metal tubes (106).

6. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cable tie ring (103) is provided with through holes evenly distributed in the circumference, and the through holes of the cable tie ring (103) are located on a side of the adjacent sealing plate (5) close to the pad (101). A resistance rod (6) is slidably connected in the through holes of the cable tie ring (103), and an elastic member is fixed between the resistance rod (6) and the adjacent cable tie ring (103).

7. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a bracket (7), wherein the bracket (7) is arranged on one side of the pad (101), a shell (701) is fixedly connected to the bracket (7), the shell (701) is connected to an external cement pump, the shell (701) is penetrated by the adjacent metal pipe (106), the metal pipe (106) is provided with one-way holes distributed in a linear array and all connected to the shell (701), a one-way valve is arranged at one end of the metal pipe (106) close to the shell (701), a one-way valve is arranged in the one-way hole of the metal pipe (106), symmetrically distributed motors (702) are fixedly connected to the bracket (7), the output shaft of the motor (702) is fixedly connected to a delivery wheel (703), and the symmetrically distributed delivery wheels (703) are all in transmission cooperation with the adjacent metal pipe (106).

8. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first liquid sac (8) and a second liquid sac (801) are fixedly connected to one side of the pad (101) close to the guide block (104); the first liquid sac (8) and the second liquid sac (801) are connected via a conduit; and the outer diameter of the first liquid sac (8) is greater than the diameter of the anchor hole.

9. The anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that: An observation hole (9) is provided on the pad (101), and the observation hole (9) is located between the first liquid capsule (8) and the second liquid capsule (801), and the observation hole (9) is located on the upper side of the first liquid capsule (8).

10. A method for anchoring an anchor cable in a soft rock tunnel of a coal mine, characterized in that: According to the anchor cable anchoring device for soft rock tunnels in coal mines according to claim 9, the specific method of use is as follows: Step 1: The output shaft of the motor (702) drives the adjacent delivery wheel (703) to rotate, and delivers the metal tube (106). The metal tube (106) drives the guide block (104) to move and penetrate into the anchor hole. The guide block (104) drives the parts on it to move through the steel cable (102); Step 2: Inject cement slurry into the metal pipe (106) through an external cement pump. The cement slurry enters the cavity (1041) along the metal pipe (106) and pushes the slider (105) to move, so that the rotating plate (107) loses contact with the guide block (104). The rotating plate (107) rotates and unfolds, and then a gap is generated between the guide block (104) and the slider (105). The cement slurry is discharged through the gap and grouting is performed once in the anchor hole. Step 3: The rotating plate (107) moves to gradually compress the elastic member of the sliding rod (2), and the sliding rod (2) moves and gradually loses its limit with the adjacent limit plate (201), so that the elastic member of the limit plate (201) pops out, causing the symmetrically distributed limit plates (201) to move in opposite directions, and the limit plates (201) drive the adjacent resistance plates (3) to move; Step 4: the limiting plate (201) moves until it loses its limit with the adjacent limiting hole (202), and the metal pipe (106) is gradually pulled out of the anchor hole, and the metal pipe (106) performs secondary grouting on the anchor hole during the movement process; Step 5: After the grouting is completed, the metal tube (106) is pulled out. After the metal tube (106) moves to the point where it loses contact with the adjacent circumferentially distributed blocking plate (5), the elastic member of the blocking plate (5) pops out and drives it to move. The circumferentially evenly distributed blocking plates (5) block the hole in the middle of the cable tie ring (103), and the cement slurry squeezes the circumferentially evenly distributed resistance rods (6) and causes them to move in a direction away from the axis of the metal tube (106); Step 6: During the grouting process of the anchor hole, the first liquid capsule (8) and the second liquid capsule (801) are closely attached to the surrounding of the anchor hole. When the cement flows and squeezes the first liquid capsule (8), the first liquid capsule (8) contracts under pressure and injects its internal liquid into the second liquid capsule (801) through the catheter, so that the second liquid capsule (801) expands; Step 7: When the cement slurry in the anchor hole is filled, the cement slurry overflows along the upper observation hole (9). At this time, the external cement pump is turned off, and the adjacent delivery wheel (703) is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the motor (702). All metal pipes (106) are taken out and split and collected. The steel cable (102) is pre-tensioned by an external tensioning device, and then the above steps are repeated to anchor the anchor cable at other locations in the mine tunnel.

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