Aircraft engine and vortex washer with adjustable expansion angle

Abstract

The present invention discloses an aircraft engine and a vortex finder with an adjustable expansion angle thereof, wherein the vortex finder with an adjustable expansion angle includes a vortex finder body, a sleeve assembly, and an adjustment assembly; the sleeve assembly includes a plurality of fan-shaped wall surfaces, two adjacent fan-shaped wall surfaces are partially overlapped, and the plurality of fan-shaped wall surfaces are sequentially enclosed along the circumference to form a conical cylindrical structure, and the first end of the conical cylindrical structure is hinged to the outlet end of the vortex finder body; the adjustment assembly is installed on the vortex finder body, the adjustment assembly is connected to the fan-shaped wall surfaces and is used to drive the fan-shaped wall surfaces to rotate relative to the vortex finder body, thereby driving the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand or contract. The vortex finder with an adjustable expansion angle provided by the present invention can realize fine adjustment of the flow field in the working state, improve the comprehensive performance of the combustion chamber, provide a suitable oil-gas mixture for combustion in the flame tube, and save a lot of resources in the design stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vortex finders of aircraft engines, in particular to a vortex finder with an adjustable expansion angle and an aircraft engine using the vortex finder with an adjustable expansion angle. Background Art

[0002] Swirl finders are a crucial component of combustion and airflow distribution in the combustors of modern aircraft engines and gas turbines. Conventional combustor swirlers are typically located at the combustor head. Their primary functions include forming a recirculation zone, anchoring the flame, stabilizing combustion, aiding fuel atomization, and promoting oil-gas mixing. The airflow entering the combustor is transformed into a high-speed swirling airflow by the swirler before entering the flame tube. The strong shear force of the swirling airflow at each stage of the swirler atomizes the fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle, breaking it into smaller droplets and enhancing fuel atomization performance. At the same time, a large annular vortex structure, known as the central recirculation zone, forms behind the swirler outlet. This structure anchors the flame, stabilizes combustion, and promotes oil-gas mixing, playing a crucial role in combustor ignition and performance. Therefore, the swirler plays a crucial role in the overall performance of the entire combustor.

[0003] Currently, to create a strong swirling flow, enhance fuel atomization quality, and promote thorough fuel-gas mixing, a swirler's outlet typically utilizes an expansion sleeve structure to control the oil mist field and flow field structure downstream of the fuel nozzle. This expansion sleeve effectively controls the degree of expansion of the swirler's outlet airflow, thereby influencing the size and structure of the recirculation zone in the combustion chamber's center. Therefore, the sleeve outlet expansion angle is a key factor in sleeve design. Increasing the expansion angle effectively increases the volume of the recirculation zone and enhances combustion chamber ignition performance. However, if the recirculation zone is too large, the high-temperature gases within it will cling to the wall, placing a significant strain on the flame tube life. Furthermore, the sleeve expansion angle has a certain impact on fuel atomization stability. A range of 60° to 140° is generally recommended. A sleeve expansion angle of less than or equal to 90° provides good spray stability. An angle greater than 140° increases the spray angle and tends to adhere to the guide vane, deteriorating spray quality.

[0004] Therefore, in order to pursue better ignition performance, it is generally desired that the sleeve expansion angle be larger, while for the sake of flame tube strength and life, it is desired that the sleeve expansion angle be smaller so that the high-temperature airflow is away from the flame tube wall. In addition, the impact on fuel atomization must be considered. As a result, the current sleeve design needs to repeatedly measure the degree of influence on multiple parameters, and after multiple rounds of iterative design, the most suitable sleeve expansion angle is selected by compromise. However, the combustion chamber is not in a single state during actual operation, and the optimal solution for the combustion chamber flow field structure under different states is not single. The existing vortex finder structure design can only compromise and select a structural parameter that can meet the requirements in all states, and cannot achieve fine control of the combustion chamber flow field under different states, and cannot achieve the optimal solution for comprehensive performance. In addition, the performance results under each state and each parameter need to be repeatedly calculated during the design process, which also consumes a large amount of design cost and computing resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention primarily provides a vortex finder with an adjustable expansion angle to solve the technical problems that the existing vortex finder has a difficult design of a sleeve expansion angle and cannot meet the requirements of different working conditions.

[0006] The present invention also provides an aero-engine, which adopts the vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle, comprising a vortex finder body, a sleeve assembly and an adjustment assembly;

[0008] The sleeve assembly includes a plurality of sector-shaped wall surfaces, wherein two adjacent sector-shaped wall surfaces are partially overlapped, and the plurality of sector-shaped wall surfaces are sequentially enclosed along the circumferential direction to form a conical cylindrical structure, wherein a first end of the conical cylindrical structure is hinged to the outlet end of the vortex finder body;

[0009] The regulating assembly is mounted on the vortex finder body, is connected to the sector wall and is used to drive the sector wall to rotate relative to the vortex finder body, thereby driving the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand or contract.

[0010] Preferably, a chute is provided in the vortex finder body, a first end of the chute is provided with an internal pressure hole communicating with the outlet end of the vortex finder body, and a second end of the chute is provided with an external pressure hole for communicating with the atmosphere;

[0011] The adjustment assembly includes a slider, a compression spring, and a drive rod. The slider is disposed in the slide groove and is used to slide along the slide groove. The compression spring is compressed between the slider and the first end of the slide groove. The first end of the drive rod is hinged to the slider, and the second end of the drive rod is hinged to the sector-shaped wall.

[0012] The compression spring is used to drive the slider to move toward the second end of the slide groove, thereby driving the sector-shaped wall surface to rotate radially outward along the vortex finder body through the driving rod to drive the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand; the internal pressure hole is used to drive the slider to move toward the first end of the slide groove by the negative pressure generated by the vortex finder body during operation, thereby driving the sector-shaped wall surface to rotate radially inward along the vortex finder body through the driving rod to drive the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to gradually decrease.

[0013] Preferably, the chute is arranged along the radial direction of the vortex finder body, and the internal pressure hole is opened along the axial direction of the vortex finder body on the side wall of the chute facing the outlet end of the vortex finder body.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting seat is provided on an outer side wall of the sector-shaped wall surface at one end away from the vortex finder body, and the second end of the driving rod is hinged to the connecting seat.

[0015] Preferably, there are multiple adjusting components, and the adjusting components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sector-shaped wall surfaces.

[0016] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided at the outlet end of the vortex finder body, an arc-shaped rotating portion is provided on the fan-shaped wall surface and is embedded in the limiting groove and used to rotate along the limiting groove, and a limiting wall is provided in the limiting groove for limiting the maximum rotation stroke of the arc-shaped rotating portion.

[0017] Preferably, the vortex finder body includes a primary vortex finder and a secondary vortex finder sequentially arranged along the axial direction, and a venturi tube provided at the outlet end of the primary vortex finder and extending into the secondary vortex finder.

[0018] Preferably, the vortex finder body also includes a vortex finder cover plate connected to the secondary vortex finder, the vortex finder cover plate and the secondary vortex finder enclose an annular mounting groove arranged around the primary vortex finder, and the primary vortex finder includes an annular mounting edge arranged in the annular mounting groove, the diameter of the annular mounting groove is greater than the diameter of the annular mounting edge, and the axial width of the annular mounting groove is equal to the axial width of the annular mounting edge.

[0019] Preferably, the first-stage vortex finder is configured as an oblique-hole vortex finder, and the second-stage vortex finder is configured as a radial vortex finder.

[0020] As a second aspect, the present invention further provides an aircraft engine comprising the above-mentioned vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In the vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle provided by the present invention, the sleeve assembly is formed by enclosing a conical cylindrical structure through multiple fan-shaped walls, and two adjacent fan-shaped walls are partially overlapped to form a variable geometry sleeve, so that the expansion angle of the conical cylindrical structure can be flexibly expanded or reduced, and the enclosed cylindrical structure is maintained during the adjustment process to ensure stable and reliable flow field performance. Therefore, by driving the fan-shaped wall to rotate relative to the vortex finder body through the adjustment assembly, the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure can be driven to expand or reduce, thereby realizing fine adjustment of the flow field in the working state, improving the comprehensive performance of the combustion chamber, providing a suitable oil-gas mixture for combustion in the flame tube, meeting the autonomous adjustment of expanding the recirculation zone to enhance ignition and cross-flame performance in a small state and compressing the recirculation zone to reduce the wall temperature in a large state, and can save a large amount of design resources and computing resources for multi-state optimization in the design stage.

[0023] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A perspective view of a sleeve assembly in a vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The assembly structure diagram of the adjustment component in the vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram of the changing state of the sector wall in the vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle shown;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A local enlarged view of area A in the vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle is shown.

[0030] Legend:

[0031] 1. Swirl finder body; 101. Slideway; 102. Inner pressure port; 103. Outer pressure port; 104. Stopper groove; 1041. Stopper wall; 11. First-stage vortex finder; 111. Annular mounting edge; 112. Beveled hole air inlet; 12. Second-stage vortex finder; 121. Radial air inlet; 13. Venturi tube; 14. Swirl finder cover; 141. Annular mounting groove;

[0032] 2. Sleeve assembly; 21. Sector wall; 211. Arc-shaped rotating portion; 22. Connecting seat;

[0033] 3. Adjustment assembly; 31. Slider; 32. Compression spring; 33. Drive rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0035] Figures 1 to 5 The figures collectively show a vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which is used to be installed in an aircraft engine to provide a high-speed rotating airflow for the flame tube of the aircraft engine, and to perform secondary atomization on the fuel sprayed from the fuel nozzle through the strong shear force of the high-speed rotating airflow, which can promote the fuel to be broken into smaller particles and enhance the fuel atomization performance.

[0036] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 The vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle includes a vortex finder body 1, a sleeve assembly 2, and an adjustment assembly 3; the sleeve assembly 2 includes multiple sector-shaped wall surfaces 21, with two adjacent sector-shaped wall surfaces 21 partially overlapping each other. The multiple sector-shaped wall surfaces 21 are sequentially enclosed along the circumferential direction to form a conical cylindrical structure, and the first end of the conical cylindrical structure is hinged to the outlet end of the vortex finder body 1. It should be understood that the outlet end of the vortex finder body 1 is the end of the vortex finder body 1 along its axial direction where the airflow outlet is provided, and the conical cylindrical structure is used to expand the outlet end of the vortex finder body 1, thereby controlling the expansion degree of the airflow, controlling the oil mist field and flow field structure downstream of the fuel nozzle, and further affecting the size structure of the recirculation zone in the center of the combustion chamber.

[0037] Furthermore, the adjustment component 3 is installed on the vortex finder body 1, and the adjustment component 3 is connected to the fan-shaped wall 21 and is used to drive the fan-shaped wall 21 to rotate relative to the vortex finder body 1, thereby driving the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand or contract through the simultaneous outward or inward rotation of multiple fan-shaped walls 21.

[0038] In the vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle, the sleeve assembly 2 is formed by enclosing a conical cylindrical structure through multiple fan-shaped walls 21, and two adjacent fan-shaped walls 21 are partially overlapped to form a variable geometry sleeve, so that the expansion angle of the conical cylindrical structure can be flexibly expanded or reduced, and the enclosed closed cylindrical structure is maintained during the adjustment process to ensure stable and reliable flow field performance. Therefore, the fan-shaped wall 21 is driven to rotate relative to the vortex finder body 1 by the adjustment assembly 3, which can drive the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand or reduce, thereby realizing fine adjustment of the flow field in the working state, improving the comprehensive performance of the combustion chamber, and providing a suitable oil-gas mixture for combustion in the flame tube, meeting the autonomous adjustment of expanding the recirculation zone to enhance ignition and cross-flame performance in a small state and compressing the recirculation zone to reduce the wall temperature in a large state, and can save a lot of design resources and computing resources for multi-state optimization in the design stage.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, a chute 101 is provided in the vortex finder body 1, a first end of the chute 101 is provided with an internal pressure hole 102 connected to the outlet end of the vortex finder body 1, and a second end of the chute 101 is provided with an external pressure hole 103 for connecting to the atmosphere.

[0040] Preferably, the adjustment component 3 includes a slider 31, a compression spring 32 and a drive rod 33. The slider 31 is arranged in the slide groove 101 and is used to slide along the slide groove 101. The compression spring 32 is pressed between the slider 31 and the first end of the slide groove 101. The first end of the drive rod 33 is hinged to the slider 31, and the second end of the drive rod 33 is hinged to the fan-shaped wall 21.

[0041] Specifically, the first end of the chute 101 is arranged in a direction toward the center of the vortex finder body 1, and the second end of the chute 101 is arranged in a direction away from the center of the vortex finder body 1, so that when the slider 31 is located at the first end of the chute 101, the driving rod 33 drives the sector-shaped wall 21 to rotate to a state with a maximum expansion angle, and when the slider 31 is located at the second end of the chute 101, the driving rod 33 drives the sector-shaped wall 21 to rotate to a state with a minimum expansion angle. The rotation stroke of the sector-shaped wall 21 can also be controlled by the length of the chute 101, so that the expansion angle of the conical cylindrical structure varies within a reasonable range.

[0042] The compression spring 32 is used to drive the slider 31 to move toward the second end of the chute 101, thereby driving the sector-shaped wall 21 to rotate radially outward along the vortex finder body 1 through the driving rod 33 to drive the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand; the internal pressure hole 102 is used to drive the slider 31 to move toward the first end of the chute 101 by the negative pressure generated by the vortex finder body 1 during operation, thereby driving the sector-shaped wall 21 to rotate radially inward along the vortex finder body 1 through the driving rod 33 to drive the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to gradually decrease.

[0043] The working principle of the regulating assembly 3 is as follows: in the ignition state, the internal and external pressure difference of the vortex finder body 1 is small, and the slider 31 is located at the second end of the slide groove 101 under the elastic drive of the compression spring 32. The sector wall 21 is subjected to the radial outward force of the driving rod 33, so that the expansion angle of the conical cylindrical structure is in the maximum state. At this time, the expansion effect on the outlet end of the vortex finder body 1 is strong, and a large recirculation area is formed at the airflow outlet. The oil and gas near the ignition nozzle are relatively high, and the airflow speed is low, which is conducive to the ignition of the combustion chamber and the improvement of the flame cross performance, and helps the aircraft engine to achieve reliable starting; and in the process of normal operation after the ignition is successfully started, as the working state continues to improve, the internal pressure of the vortex finder body 1 is reduced, and the fuel consumption is reduced. The external pressure difference continues to increase, and the air pressure in the internal pressure hole 102 gradually decreases under the negative pressure generated by the high-speed airflow, while the air pressure in the external pressure hole 103 remains unchanged. The slider 31 can continuously compress the compression spring 32 under the action of pressure, that is, the slider 31 gradually moves toward the first end of the slide groove 101. At this time, the fan-shaped wall 21 is subjected to the radial inward force of the drive rod 33, so that the expansion angle of the conical cylindrical structure gradually decreases, the airflow expansion effect at the outlet end of the vortex finder body 1 gradually weakens, and the central recirculation zone gradually shrinks. On the basis of ensuring stable combustion in the main combustion zone, the high-temperature combustion gas residing in the recirculation zone gradually moves away from the flame tube wall, thereby reducing the flame tube wall temperature and improving the flame tube life.

[0044] Therefore, the adjustment action of the adjustment component 3 is completely controlled by the force of the internal and external pressure difference of the vortex finder body 1. When the combustion chamber switches to different working states, the vortex finder body 1 can achieve complete autonomous control according to its aerodynamic conditions, and automatically adjust the expansion angle of the conical cylindrical structure to meet the requirements of the head flow field under different working states of the combustion chamber, so that the performance of the combustion chamber under different working states is at the optimal level.

[0045] In other embodiments, the adjustment component 3 can also adopt an electric adjustment structure, for example, including a motor and a transmission component arranged between the motor and the fan-shaped wall 21. The motor drives the fan-shaped wall 21 to rotate relative to the vortex finder body 1 through the transmission component, and can also realize the expansion angle adjustment of the conical cylindrical structure. The adjustment amplitude can also be manually controlled according to specific parameter requirements during use, adapting to more application scenarios.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the chute 101 is arranged along the radial direction of the vortex finder body 1, and the internal pressure hole 102 is opened along the axial direction of the vortex finder body 1 on the side wall of the chute 101 facing the outlet end of the vortex finder body 1. This structure can not only enable the internal pressure hole 102 to avoid the end of the compression spring 32, but also enable the compression spring 32 to fully abut the bottom wall of the chute 101 and exert a stable and reliable elastic force on the slider 31. It also enables the internal pressure hole 102 to be arranged along the airflow direction of the vortex finder body 1, making it more susceptible to the influence of the airflow of the vortex finder body 1 to generate a pressure difference.

[0047] Preferably, the diameter of the inner pressure hole 102 and the outer pressure hole 103 does not exceed 2 / 3 of the width of the slider 31, and the ratio of the depth to the diameter of the inner pressure hole 102 and the outer pressure hole 103 is not greater than 2 to ensure smooth ventilation.

[0048] like Figure 3 Preferably, a connection seat 22 is provided on the outer side wall of the sector-shaped wall surface 21 at the end away from the vortex finder body 1, and the second end of the driving rod 33 is hingedly connected to the connection seat 22. The connection seat 22 increases the force-bearing area of ​​the connection between the driving rod 33 and the sector-shaped wall surface 21, thereby preventing the sector-shaped wall surface 21 from being deformed due to excessive force concentration during rotation, and enabling the driving rod 33 to drive the sector-shaped wall surface 21 to rotate stably and smoothly.

[0049] Furthermore, there are multiple adjustment components 3, and each adjustment component 3 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sector-shaped wall surface 21, that is, each sector-shaped wall surface 21 is adjusted by an independent adjustment component 3, and the rotation adjustment effect is better and more stable and reliable.

[0050] In this embodiment, three sector-shaped walls 21 are provided, and three corresponding adjustment assemblies 3 are provided. The three adjustment assemblies 3 are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the vortex finder body 1 and are connected to the three sector-shaped walls 21 in a one-to-one correspondence. The three sector-shaped walls 21 are arranged sequentially along the circumference and overlapped in pairs to form three splicing gaps. The three sector-shaped walls 21 can fully enclose the conical cylindrical structure and minimize the number of splicing gaps. In other embodiments, the number of sector-shaped walls 21 can be increased according to specific needs.

[0051] Please combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 The outlet end of the vortex finder body 1 is provided with a limiting groove 104. The sector-shaped wall surface 21 is provided with an arc-shaped rotating portion 211 embedded in the limiting groove 104 and configured to rotate along the limiting groove 104. The limiting groove 104 is provided with a limiting wall 1041 configured to limit the maximum rotational travel of the arc-shaped rotating portion 211. The sector-shaped wall surface 21 is inserted into the limiting groove 104 via the arc-shaped rotating portion 211, thereby enabling the sector-shaped wall surface 21 to rotate flexibly. The limiting wall 1041 also limits the rotational travel of the sector-shaped wall surface 21, thereby controlling the expansion angle of the conical cylindrical structure within a reasonable range. The connection structure is simple and efficient, allowing for quick and easy disassembly of the sector-shaped wall surface 21 for repair, maintenance, or replacement.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the vortex finder body 1 includes a primary vortex finder 11 and a secondary vortex finder 12 arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and a venturi 13 provided at the outlet end of the primary vortex finder 11 and extending into the secondary vortex finder 12. The sleeve assembly 2 and the adjustment assembly 3 are both provided on the secondary vortex finder 12. That is, the vortex finder body 1 adopts a two-stage vortex finder structure, and the airflow of the primary vortex finder 11 and the airflow of the secondary vortex finder 12 are separated by the venturi 13. The strong swirling airflow formed by the primary vortex finder 11 and the secondary vortex finder 12 enhances the fuel atomization quality, promotes full mixing of oil and gas, and improves the vortex effect. In other embodiments, the vortex finder body 1 can also adopt a three-stage vortex finder structure to adapt to different usage requirements.

[0053] Preferably, the vortex finder body 1 further includes a vortex finder cover plate 14, which is connected to the secondary vortex finder 12. The vortex finder cover plate 14 and the secondary vortex finder 12 enclose an annular mounting groove 141 provided around the primary vortex finder 11. The primary vortex finder 11 includes an annular mounting edge 111 provided within the annular mounting groove 141. The diameter of the annular mounting groove 141 is greater than the diameter of the annular mounting edge 111, and the axial width of the annular mounting groove 141 is equal to the axial width of the annular mounting edge 111. This allows the primary vortex finder 11 to move radially within the annular mounting groove 141, ensuring that the fuel nozzle and the vortex finder body 1 do not interfere radially after installation and are fitted with a small axial clearance to prevent radial movement from becoming stuck.

[0054] Preferably, the first-stage vortex finder 11 is configured as a beveled hole vortex finder, and the second-stage vortex finder 12 is configured as a radial vortex finder. Specifically, the first-stage vortex finder 11 is provided with a beveled hole air inlet 112 on a side wall that is tilted relative to its axis, and the second-stage vortex finder 12 is provided with a radial air inlet 121 along its radial direction. The first-stage vortex finder 11 takes in air through the beveled hole air inlet 112, and the second-stage vortex finder 12 takes in air through the radial air inlet 121. Compared with the axial air intake method, this can effectively shorten the axial length of the vortex finder body 1 and reduce the occupied space. It is suitable for small and medium-sized aircraft engines, and this structure is simple to process and low in cost.

[0055] As a second aspect, this embodiment further provides an aircraft engine (not shown, the same below) including the aforementioned vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle. Because the vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle can actively adjust the expansion angle, it achieves refined regulation of the flow field during operation, improves the overall performance of the combustion chamber, and provides a suitable oil-gas mixture for combustion within the flame tube. It satisfies the autonomous regulation requirements of expanding the recirculation zone in a small state to enhance ignition and cross-flame performance, and compressing the recirculation zone in a large state to reduce wall temperature. Furthermore, it can save a large amount of design and computing resources for multi-state optimization during the design phase. This results in superior performance and enhanced durability of the aircraft engine, while effectively saving design resources.

[0056] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle, characterized in that: It comprises a vortex finder body (1), a sleeve assembly (2) and an adjustment assembly (3); The sleeve assembly (2) comprises a plurality of sector-shaped wall surfaces (21), wherein two adjacent sector-shaped wall surfaces (21) are partially overlapped, and the plurality of sector-shaped wall surfaces (21) are sequentially enclosed along the circumferential direction to form a conical cylindrical structure, wherein a first end of the conical cylindrical structure is hingedly connected to an outlet end of the vortex finder body (1); The regulating assembly (3) is mounted on the vortex finder body (1), the regulating assembly (3) is connected to the sector wall (21) and is used to drive the sector wall (21) to rotate relative to the vortex finder body (1), thereby driving the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand or contract; A chute (101) is provided in the vortex finder body (1), an inner pressure hole (102) communicating with the outlet end of the vortex finder body (1) is provided at a first end of the chute (101), and an outer pressure hole (103) for communicating with the atmosphere is provided at a second end of the chute (101); The adjusting assembly (3) includes a slider (31), a compression spring (32) and a driving rod (33), wherein the slider (31) is arranged in the slide groove (101) and is used to slide along the slide groove (101), the compression spring (32) is pressed between the slider (31) and the first end of the slide groove (101), the first end of the driving rod (33) is hinged to the slider (31), and the second end of the driving rod (33) is hinged to the sector wall (21); The compression spring (32) is used to drive the slider (31) to move toward the second end of the chute (101), thereby driving the sector wall (21) to rotate radially outward along the vortex finder body (1) through the driving rod (33) to drive the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to expand; the internal pressure hole (102) is used to drive the slider (31) to move toward the first end of the chute (101) by the negative pressure generated by the vortex finder body (1) during operation, thereby driving the sector wall (21) to rotate radially inward along the vortex finder body (1) through the driving rod (33) to drive the expansion angle of the second end of the conical cylindrical structure to gradually decrease; A connecting seat (22) is provided on the outer side wall of the sector-shaped wall surface (21) at one end away from the vortex finder body (1), and the second end of the driving rod (33) is hinged to the connecting seat (22).

2. The vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chute (101) is arranged along the radial direction of the vortex finder body (1), and the internal pressure hole (102) is opened along the axial direction of the vortex finder body (1) on the side wall of the chute (101) facing the outlet end of the vortex finder body (1).

3. The vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the adjustment components (3) are provided, and the adjustment components (3) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sector-shaped wall surfaces (21).

4. The vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove (104) is provided at the outlet end of the vortex finder body (1); an arc-shaped rotating portion (211) is provided on the fan-shaped wall surface (21) and is embedded in the limiting groove (104) and used to rotate along the limiting groove (104); a limiting wall (1041) is provided in the limiting groove (104) for limiting the maximum rotation stroke of the arc-shaped rotating portion (211).

5. The vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex finder body (1) comprises a primary vortex finder (11) and a secondary vortex finder (12) arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and a venturi tube (13) arranged at the outlet end of the primary vortex finder (11) and extending into the secondary vortex finder (12).

6. The vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vortex finder body (1) further comprises a vortex finder cover plate (14) connected to the secondary vortex finder (12), the vortex finder cover plate (14) and the secondary vortex finder (12) enclose an annular mounting groove (141) arranged around the primary vortex finder (11), and the primary vortex finder (11) comprises an annular mounting edge (111) arranged in the annular mounting groove (141), the diameter of the annular mounting groove (141) is greater than the diameter of the annular mounting edge (111), and the axial width of the annular mounting groove (141) is equal to the axial width of the annular mounting edge (111).

7. The vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first-stage vortex finder (11) is configured as an oblique-hole vortex finder, and the second-stage vortex finder (12) is configured as a radial vortex finder.

8. An aircraft engine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vortex finder with adjustable expansion angle according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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