Air exhausting and supplementing device

Abstract

The invention relates to an air exhausting and supplementing device which comprises a shell, a first air inlet, a second air inlet and a containing cavity, and the first air inlet and the second air inlet are both communicated with the containing cavity; the runner plate is located in the containing cavity, the runner plate is provided with a first runner opening and a second runner opening which can be communicated with the first air opening, and a third runner opening and a fourth runner opening which can be communicated with the second air opening, the runner plate is further provided with a fifth runner opening, and the fifth runner opening is located between the first runner opening and the fourth runner opening; the fifth flow channel opening is positioned between the second flow channel opening and the third flow channel opening; the draught fan and the filtering assembly are both located in the containing cavity and fixed to the flow channel plate, and the draught fan and the filtering assembly are both arranged corresponding to the fifth flow channel opening; when air is supplemented, the first flow channel opening and the fourth flow channel opening can be communicated through the fifth flow channel opening, when air is exhausted, the second flow channel opening and the third flow channel opening can be communicated through the fifth flow channel opening, the air exhausting and supplementing device has the air supplementing function and the air exhausting function at the same time, and the function is more complete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of kitchen ventilation equipment, and in particular to an exhaust and air supply device. Background Art

[0002] While the improved sealing of buildings improves insulation and energy saving, it also raises some new problems. In the kitchen environment, when the doors and windows are closed and the range hood is working, the lack of outdoor air replenishment may cause an imbalance in air pressure inside the kitchen, resulting in a decrease in the exhaust efficiency of the range hood or even failure to work properly.

[0003] To solve this problem, the common practices are: 1. Open ventilation holes on the kitchen wall to allow outdoor air to enter the kitchen directly. 2. When the range hood is running, open the window to balance the indoor and outdoor air pressure.

[0004] However, these methods have the following problems: 1. Outdoor pollutants enter: outdoor air enters the kitchen directly without being filtered. After long-term use, dust and pollen (such as spring catkins) enter the room, causing serious dust accumulation in the kitchen and affecting environmental hygiene. 2. Kitchen odor: when the range hood stops working, the kitchen odor cannot be discharged outdoors in time. In addition, the existing exhaust system cannot achieve the function of both air supply and exhaust in the same pipeline. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an air exhaust and air supply device, which has the characteristics of air supply and air exhaust and has good applicability.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An exhaust and air supply device comprises: a shell having a first air outlet, a second air outlet, and a accommodating chamber, wherein the first air outlet and the second air outlet are both connected to the accommodating chamber; a flow channel plate located in the accommodating chamber, the flow channel plate having a first flow channel outlet and a second flow channel outlet that can be connected to the first air outlet, and a third flow channel outlet and a fourth flow channel outlet that can be connected to the second air outlet, the flow channel plate also having a fifth flow channel outlet, the fifth flow channel outlet being located between the first flow channel outlet and the fourth flow channel outlet, and the fifth flow channel outlet being located between the second flow channel outlet and the third flow channel outlet; a fan and a filter assembly are both located in the accommodating chamber and are both fixed to the flow channel plate, and the fan and the filter assembly are both arranged corresponding to the fifth flow channel outlet; when supplying air, the fifth flow channel outlet can conduct the first flow channel outlet and the fourth flow channel outlet, and when exhausting air, the fifth flow channel outlet can conduct the second flow channel outlet and the third flow channel outlet.

[0007] Preferably, when air is supplied, the first flow channel opening and the fourth flow channel opening are opened, the second flow channel opening and the third flow channel opening are closed, and outdoor air enters the room through the first air port, the first air port, the fifth air port, the fourth air port, and the second air port; During exhaust, the second flow channel opening and the third flow channel opening are opened, the first flow channel opening and the fourth flow channel opening are closed, and the indoor air is discharged outdoors through the second air outlet, the third air outlet, the fifth air outlet, the second air outlet, and the first air outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the flow channel plate comprises a main plate portion, a first side plate portion, a second side plate portion, a third side plate portion, and a fourth side plate portion, wherein the first side plate portion and the second side plate portion are fixed to one side of the main plate portion in the length direction, and the third side plate portion and the fourth side plate portion are fixed to the other side of the main plate portion in the length direction; The first flow channel opening is located at the first side plate portion, the second flow channel opening is located at the second side plate portion, the third flow channel opening is located at the third side plate portion, the fourth flow channel opening is located at the fourth side plate portion, and the fifth flow channel opening is located at the main plate portion.

[0009] Preferably, the first side plate portion and the second side plate portion are symmetrically arranged with the main plate portion as the center, and the third side plate portion and the fourth side plate portion are symmetrically arranged with the main plate portion as the center; The first side plate portion and the fourth side plate portion are diagonally arranged with the main plate portion as the center, and the second side plate portion and the third side plate portion are diagonally arranged with the main plate portion as the center.

[0010] Preferably, the shell includes a main body and a cover portion, the cover portion faces the room, and the cover portion is detachably connected to the main body; the first air outlet is located in the main body, and the second air outlet is located in the cover portion.

[0011] Preferably, along the length direction of the shell, the maximum length between the first side plate portion and the third side plate portion is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity, and the maximum length between the second side plate portion and the fourth side plate portion is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity; Along the width direction of the shell, the maximum width between the first side plate portion and the second side plate portion is equal to the width of the accommodating cavity, and the maximum width between the third side plate portion and the fourth side plate portion is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity; Along the height direction of the shell, the heights of the first side plate portion, the second side plate portion, the third side plate portion, and the fourth side plate portion are all equal to the height of the accommodating cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the exhaust and air supply device further comprises a first ball valve, a second ball valve, a third ball valve, and a fourth ball valve; The first ball valve is rotatably arranged with the first flow channel opening, and the first ball valve is provided with a first conduction cavity arranged along the rotation direction; the second ball valve is rotatably arranged with the second flow channel opening, and the second ball valve is provided with a second conduction cavity arranged along the rotation direction; the third ball valve is rotatably arranged with the third flow channel opening, and the third ball valve is provided with a third conduction cavity arranged along the rotation direction; the fourth ball valve is rotatably arranged with the fourth flow channel opening, and the fourth ball valve is provided with a fourth conduction cavity arranged along the rotation direction.

[0013] Preferably, along the rotation direction, the length of the first conducting cavity is smaller than the length of the first flow channel opening, the length of the second conducting cavity is smaller than the length of the second flow channel opening, the length of the third conducting cavity is smaller than the length of the third flow channel opening, and the length of the fourth conducting cavity is smaller than the length of the fourth flow channel opening; The heights of the middle parts of the first conduction cavity, the second conduction cavity, the third conduction cavity, and the fourth conduction cavity are greater than the heights of the two sides.

[0014] Preferably, during air supply and exhaust, the filter assembly is located upstream of the fan.

[0015] Preferably, a stopper is protruding from the inner wall of the fifth flow channel opening; the filter assembly comprises a filter screen and a limiter, the filter screen abuts against the stopper, the limiter is rotatably connected to the flow channel plate, and the limiter can abut against the filter screen.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the above technical solution, an exhaust and air supply device is provided. When the fan is turned on, outdoor air can enter the room through the first flow channel opening, the fifth flow channel opening, and the fourth flow channel opening. When exhausting, indoor air can be discharged to the outside through the third flow channel opening, the fifth flow channel opening, and the second flow channel opening. Therefore, the exhaust and air supply device can have the functions of air supply and exhaust at the same time, and has more complete functions and better practicality. The filter component can filter impurities in the air, thereby preventing impurities from entering the room. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 An exploded view of a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the assembly of a flow channel plate, a valve assembly, a fan, and a filter assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a flow channel plate and a filter assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 An exploded view of a flow channel plate and a filter assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a portion of a valve assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A cross-sectional view of an exhaust and air supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of air supply for an exhaust and air supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 An exhaust schematic diagram of an exhaust and air supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of an exhaust and air supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention being installed in a kitchen.

[0018] 1. Shell; 11. First air outlet; 12. Second air outlet; 13. Accommodating chamber; 14. Main body; 15. Cover plate; 2. Flow channel plate; 201. First flow channel opening; 202. Second flow channel opening; 203. Third flow channel opening; 204. Fourth flow channel opening; 205. Fifth flow channel opening; 206. Main board; 207. First side plate; 208. Second side plate; 209. Third side plate; 210. Fourth side plate; 211. Retaining part; 3. Fan; 41. First ball valve; 411. First conduction chamber; 42. Second ball valve; 421. Second conduction chamber; 43. Third ball valve; 431. Third conduction chamber; 44. Fourth ball valve; 441. Fourth conduction chamber; 5. Filter assembly; 51. Filter screen; 52. Limiting member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is only illustrative and not restrictive. The various embodiments can be combined with each other to form other embodiments not shown in the following description.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 12 The exhaust and air supply device is fixed in the ceiling of the kitchen, and includes a housing 1, wherein the housing 1 has a first air outlet 11, a second air outlet 12, and a receiving cavity 13, and the first air outlet 11 and the second air outlet 12 are both connected to the receiving cavity 13. More specifically, the first air outlet 11 and the second air outlet 12 can be located at both ends of the housing 1 in the length direction.

[0021] The flow channel plate 2 is located in the accommodating cavity 13, and the flow channel plate 2 has a first flow channel opening 201 and a second flow channel opening 202 that can communicate with the first air port 11, and a third flow channel opening 203 and a fourth flow channel opening 204 that can communicate with the second air port 12. The flow channel plate 2 also has a fifth flow channel opening 205, and the fifth flow channel opening 205 is located between the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204, and the fifth flow channel opening 205 is located between the second flow channel opening 202 and the third flow channel opening 203. It should be noted that the first flow channel opening 201 and the second flow channel opening 202 can both be communicated with the first air port 11 separately, and the third flow channel opening 203 and the fourth flow channel opening 204 can both be communicated with the second air port 12 separately. The fifth flow channel opening 205 is located between the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204, which means that the fifth flow channel opening 205 is located in the flow path between the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204, that is, the air needs to pass through the fifth flow channel opening 205 when flowing between the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204. The fifth flow channel opening 205 is located between the second flow channel opening 202 and the third flow channel opening 203, which is the same as above and will not be repeated here.

[0022] The fan 3 is located in the accommodating cavity 13 and is fixed to the flow channel plate 2. The fan 3 is arranged corresponding to the fifth flow channel opening 205. When supplying air, the fifth flow channel opening 205 can connect to the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204. When exhausting air, the fifth flow channel opening 205 can connect to the second flow channel opening 202 and the third flow channel opening 203.

[0023] Specifically, when supplying air, the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204 are opened, the second flow channel opening 202 and the third flow channel opening 203 are closed, and the outdoor air enters the room through the first air outlet 11, the first flow channel opening 201, the fifth flow channel opening 205, the fourth flow channel opening 204, and the second air outlet 12; when exhausting air, the second flow channel opening 202 and the third flow channel opening 203 are opened, the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204 are closed, and the indoor air is discharged to the outside through the second air outlet 12, the third flow channel opening 203, the fifth flow channel opening 205, the second flow channel opening 202, and the first air outlet 11.

[0024] It can be seen that the exhaust and air supply device provided by the present invention has three working modes, namely, air supply mode, exhaust mode and closed mode. In closed mode, the first flow channel opening 201, the second flow channel opening 202, the third flow channel opening 203 and the fourth flow channel opening 204 are all closed, and air exchange between indoor and outdoor cannot be performed at this time. It can be imagined that when the doors and windows in the kitchen are closed, the range hood is turned on at this time. Since the range hood will draw the indoor air to the outdoors, it is necessary to supply air to the indoor room. At this time, the exhaust and air supply device turns on the air supply mode to supply air to the indoor room. When the range hood stops working, it is not necessary to supply air to the indoor room, and the exhaust and air supply device can be in closed mode. In addition, since cooking is done in the kitchen and kitchen waste is stored in the kitchen, there may be odors in the kitchen and other indoor areas. Therefore, the exhaust and air supply device also includes a control panel and an odor sensor. The odor sensor detects the odor and transmits a signal to the control panel, and the control panel opens the second flow channel opening 202, the third flow channel opening 203, and the fan 3, and closes the first flow channel opening 201 and the fourth flow channel opening 204, so that the indoor air can be discharged and the odor can be removed. When the odor sensor cannot detect the odor, the odor sensor transmits a signal to the control panel, and the control panel closes the second flow channel opening 202, the third flow channel opening 203, and the fan 3, and the exhaust and air supply device can be in the off mode.

[0025] The flow channel plate 2 includes a main board portion 206, a first side plate portion 207, a second side plate portion 208, a third side plate portion 209, and a fourth side plate portion 210. The first side plate portion 207 and the second side plate portion 208 are fixed to one side of the main board portion 206 in the length direction, and the third side plate portion 209 and the fourth side plate portion 210 are fixed to the other side of the main board portion 206 in the length direction; the first flow channel opening 201 is located at the first side plate portion 207, the second flow channel opening 202 is located at the second side plate portion 208, the third flow channel opening 203 is located at the third side plate portion 209, the fourth flow channel opening 204 is located at the fourth side plate portion 210, and the fifth flow channel opening 205 is located at the main board portion 206.

[0026] The first side plate portion 207 and the second side plate portion 208 are symmetrically arranged with the main board portion 206 as the center, and the third side plate portion 209 and the fourth side plate portion 210 are symmetrically arranged with the main board portion 206 as the center; the first side plate portion 207 and the fourth side plate portion 210 are diagonally arranged with the main board portion 206 as the center, and the second side plate portion 208 and the third side plate portion 209 are diagonally arranged with the main board portion 206 as the center.

[0027] It can be seen from this that the exhaust and air supply device only uses one flow channel plate 2 to form the air supply duct and the exhaust duct, and most of the paths of the air supply duct and the exhaust duct overlap. Therefore, the overall structure of the exhaust and air supply device is simpler and the cost is lower, which is convenient for large-scale promotion and use.

[0028] The housing 1 includes a main body 14 and a cover 15 . The cover 15 faces the room and is detachably connected to the main body 14 . The first air outlet 11 is located at the main body 14 , and the second air outlet 12 is located at the cover 15 .

[0029] Specifically, since the cover portion 15 faces the room, it is convenient for the user to disassemble. The user can first remove the cover portion 15 and then remove the flow channel plate 2, the fan 3 and other parts in the main body 14 as a whole, which is convenient for the user to clean.

[0030] Along the length direction of the shell 1, the maximum length between the first side plate portion 207 and the third side plate portion 209 is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity 13, and the maximum length between the second side plate portion 208 and the fourth side plate portion 210 is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity 13; along the width direction of the shell 1, the maximum width between the first side plate portion 207 and the second side plate portion 208 is equal to the width of the accommodating cavity 13, and the maximum width between the third side plate portion 209 and the fourth side plate portion 210 is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity 13; along the height direction of the shell 1, the heights of the first side plate portion 207, the second side plate portion 208, the third side plate portion 209, and the fourth side plate portion 210 are all equal to the height of the accommodating cavity 13.

[0031] It can be imagined that when the flow channel plate 2 is installed in the accommodating cavity 13, the flow channel plate 2 is just in contact with the four sides of the accommodating cavity 13. At this time, the installation of the flow channel plate 2 is more stable, and during installation and disassembly, since the flow channel plate 2 is in contact with the four sides of the accommodating cavity 13, there is no need to set up other guiding components. The flow channel plate 2 itself has a guiding function. The user only needs to push the flow channel plate 2 into the accommodating cavity 13 along the length direction, which greatly facilitates the installation and disassembly of the user.

[0032] In addition, in order to increase the sealing between the flow channel plate 2 and the four sides of the accommodating chamber 13, a sealing strip can also be added to the flow channel plate 2, and the sealing strip abuts between the flow channel plate 2 and the four sides of the accommodating chamber 13, thereby enhancing the sealing and preventing air from flowing into the accommodating chamber 13.

[0033] The exhaust and air supply device also includes a first ball valve 41, a second ball valve 42, a third ball valve 43, and a fourth ball valve 44; the first ball valve 41 is rotatably arranged with the first flow channel opening 201, and the first ball valve 41 is provided with a first conduction chamber 411 arranged along the rotation direction; the second ball valve 42 is rotatably arranged with the second flow channel opening 202, and the second ball valve 42 is provided with a second conduction chamber 421 arranged along the rotation direction; the third ball valve 43 is rotatably arranged with the third flow channel opening 203, and the third ball valve 43 is provided with a third conduction chamber 431 arranged along the rotation direction; the fourth ball valve 44 is rotatably arranged with the fourth flow channel opening 204, and the fourth ball valve 44 is provided with a fourth conduction chamber 441 arranged along the rotation direction.

[0034] The first ball valve 41, the second ball valve 42, the third ball valve 43, and the fourth ball valve 44 are all arranged in the same manner, and the first ball valve 41 is now used as an example. The exhaust and air supply device may further include a motor, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the first ball valve 41, and the motor may drive the first ball valve 41 to rotate. When the first ball valve 41 rotates, the first conduction cavity 411 rotates accordingly, so that the first air port 11 and the fifth flow channel port 205 can be conducted through the first conduction cavity 411.

[0035] Along the rotation direction, the length of the first conduction cavity 411 is smaller than the length of the first flow channel opening 201, the length of the second conduction cavity 421 is smaller than the length of the second flow channel opening 202, the length of the third conduction cavity 431 is smaller than the length of the third flow channel opening 203, and the length of the fourth conduction cavity 441 is smaller than the length of the fourth flow channel opening 204; the height of the middle part of the first conduction cavity 411, the second conduction cavity 421, the third conduction cavity 431, and the fourth conduction cavity 441 is greater than the height of the two sides.

[0036] Taking the first conduction cavity 411 as an example, it is very important that the length of the first conduction cavity 411 is smaller than the length of the first flow channel 201. Therefore, when the motor drives the first ball valve 41 to rotate, the first conduction cavity 411 can be completely located in the first flow channel 201, that is, the first conduction cavity 411 cannot connect the first air port 11 and the fifth flow channel 205 at this time. At this time, the first ball valve 41 can be rotated to make the first conduction cavity 411 rotate, and the first conduction cavity 411 can connect the first air port 11 and the fifth flow channel 205.

[0037] Since the height of the first conduction cavity 411 is greater than the height of the two sides, when the first ball valve 41 is rotated so that the first air outlet 11 and the fifth flow channel 205 are conducted at different positions of the first conduction cavity 411, the air flow rate can be adjusted, thereby enhancing practicality. In addition, the rotation direction of the first ball valve 41 is not limited, because the air will flow along the direction of the first conduction cavity 411, that is, the first conduction cavity 411 can control the flow direction of the air. In order to prevent outdoor air from blowing directly to the indoor user, the rotation direction of the first ball valve 41 can be changed according to actual conditions.

[0038] The exhaust and air supply device also includes a filter assembly 5, which is located in the accommodating chamber 13 and is fixed to the flow channel plate 2; during air supply and exhaust, the filter assembly 5 is located upstream of the fan 3.

[0039] In order to filter and prevent impurities in the outdoor air from entering the room and to prevent impurities in the indoor air from being discharged outdoors, the filter component 5 is arranged upstream of the fan 3. This arrangement allows the filter component 5 to filter the air for five or six years whether it is replenishing air or exhausting air, and only the filtered air will pass through the fan 3, thereby preventing impurities from accumulating on the fan 3, thereby increasing the service life of the fan 3.

[0040] The inner wall of the fifth flow channel opening 205 is protruded with a stopper 211 ; the filter assembly 5 includes a filter screen 51 and a stopper 52 , the filter screen 51 abuts against the stopper 211 , the stopper 52 is rotatably connected to the flow channel plate 2 , and the stopper 52 can abut against the filter screen 51 .

[0041] It can be seen from this that the user can install or remove the filter 51 by rotating the limiting member 52, so that it is convenient for the user to clean the filter 51, thereby increasing practicality.

[0042] In other embodiments, the exhaust and air supply device may also use other valves to control the opening and closing of the first flow channel opening 201, the second flow channel opening 202, the third flow channel opening 203, and the fourth flow channel opening 204. For example, the valve may be a wind valve. There may be four wind valves, and one of the wind valves and the first flow channel opening 201 is now used as an example for explanation. The wind valve may include a valve body, a baffle, and a motor, etc. The valve body may be located in the accommodating chamber 13, and the valve body may be fixed to the flow channel plate 2, the baffle is arranged corresponding to the first flow channel opening 201, and the baffle is connected to the output shaft of the motor, that is, the motor can drive the baffle to rotate, thereby opening or closing the first flow channel opening 201. Therefore, when exhausting or supplying air, the four wind valves respectively drive the baffle to rotate through the motor, thereby opening or closing the corresponding flow channel openings, and then turning on the fan 3 can achieve exhaust or supply air.

[0043] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An exhaust and air supply device, characterized in that: include: A housing (1) having a first air outlet (11), a second air outlet (12), and a receiving chamber (13), wherein the first air outlet (11) and the second air outlet (12) are both in communication with the receiving chamber (13); a flow channel plate (2) located in the accommodating cavity (13), the flow channel plate (2) having a first flow channel opening (201) and a second flow channel opening (202) capable of communicating with the first air port (11), and a third flow channel opening (203) and a fourth flow channel opening (204) capable of communicating with the second air port (12), the flow channel plate (2) further having a fifth flow channel opening (205), the fifth flow channel opening (205) being located between the first flow channel opening (201) and the fourth flow channel opening (204), and the fifth flow channel opening (205) being located between the second flow channel opening (202) and the third flow channel opening (203); The fan (3) and the filter assembly (5) are both located in the accommodating cavity (13) and are both fixed to the flow channel plate (2); the fan (3) and the filter assembly (5) are both arranged corresponding to the fifth flow channel opening (205); When supplying air, the fifth flow channel opening (205) can connect the first flow channel opening (201) and the fourth flow channel opening (204); when exhausting air, the fifth flow channel opening (205) can connect the second flow channel opening (202) and the third flow channel opening (203).

2. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When air is supplied, the first flow channel opening (201) and the fourth flow channel opening (204) are opened, the second flow channel opening (202) and the third flow channel opening (203) are closed, and outdoor air enters the room through the first air vent (11), the first air vent (201), the fifth air vent (205), the fourth air vent (204), and the second air vent (12); During exhaust, the second flow channel opening (202) and the third flow channel opening (203) are opened, the first flow channel opening (201) and the fourth flow channel opening (204) are closed, and the indoor air is exhausted to the outdoors through the second air outlet (12), the third air outlet (203), the fifth air outlet (205), the second flow channel opening (202), and the first air outlet (11).

3. The exhaust and air supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The flow channel plate (2) comprises a main plate portion (206), a first side plate portion (207), a second side plate portion (208), a third side plate portion (209), and a fourth side plate portion (210), wherein the first side plate portion (207) and the second side plate portion (208) are fixed to one side of the main plate portion (206) in the length direction, and the third side plate portion (209) and the fourth side plate portion (210) are fixed to the other side of the main plate portion (206) in the length direction; The first flow channel opening (201) is located on the first side plate portion (207), the second flow channel opening (202) is located on the second side plate portion (208), the third flow channel opening (203) is located on the third side plate portion (209), the fourth flow channel opening (204) is located on the fourth side plate portion (210), and the fifth flow channel opening (205) is located on the main plate portion (206).

4. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first side plate portion (207) and the second side plate portion (208) are symmetrically arranged with the main plate portion (206) as the center, and the third side plate portion (209) and the fourth side plate portion (210) are symmetrically arranged with the main plate portion (206) as the center; The first side plate portion (207) and the fourth side plate portion (210) are arranged diagonally with the main plate portion (206) as the center, and the second side plate portion (208) and the third side plate portion (209) are arranged diagonally with the main plate portion (206) as the center.

5. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a main body (14) and a cover plate (15); the cover plate (15) faces indoors and is detachably connected to the main body (14); the first air outlet (11) is located in the main body (14), and the second air outlet (12) is located in the cover plate (15).

6. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the shell (1), the maximum length between the first side plate portion (207) and the third side plate portion (209) is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity (13), and the maximum length between the second side plate portion (208) and the fourth side plate portion (210) is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity (13); Along the width direction of the shell (1), the maximum width between the first side plate portion (207) and the second side plate portion (208) is equal to the width of the accommodating cavity (13), and the maximum width between the third side plate portion (209) and the fourth side plate portion (210) is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity (13); Along the height direction of the shell (1), the heights of the first side plate portion (207), the second side plate portion (208), the third side plate portion (209), and the fourth side plate portion (210) are all equal to the height of the accommodating cavity (13).

7. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust and air supply device further comprises a first ball valve (41), a second ball valve (42), a third ball valve (43), and a fourth ball valve (44); The first ball valve (41) is rotatably arranged with the first flow channel opening (201), and the first ball valve (41) is provided with a first conduction chamber (411) arranged along the rotation direction; the second ball valve (42) is rotatably arranged with the second flow channel opening (202), and the second ball valve (42) is provided with a second conduction chamber (421) arranged along the rotation direction; the third ball valve (43) is rotatably arranged with the third flow channel opening (203), and the third ball valve (43) is provided with a third conduction chamber (431) arranged along the rotation direction; the fourth ball valve (44) is rotatably arranged with the fourth flow channel opening (204), and the fourth ball valve (44) is provided with a fourth conduction chamber (441) arranged along the rotation direction.

8. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the rotation direction, the length of the first conduction cavity (411) is smaller than the length of the first flow channel opening (201), the length of the second conduction cavity (421) is smaller than the length of the second flow channel opening (202), the length of the third conduction cavity (431) is smaller than the length of the third flow channel opening (203), and the length of the fourth conduction cavity (441) is smaller than the length of the fourth flow channel opening (204); The height of the middle parts of the first conduction cavity (411), the second conduction cavity (421), the third conduction cavity (431), and the fourth conduction cavity (441) is greater than the height of the two sides.

9. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: During air supply and exhaust, the filter assembly (5) is located upstream of the fan (3).

10. The exhaust and air supply device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner wall of the fifth flow channel opening (205) is protrudingly provided with a stopper (211); the filter assembly (5) comprises a filter screen (51) and a stopper (52); the filter screen (51) abuts against the stopper (211); the stopper (52) is rotatably connected to the flow channel plate (2), and the stopper (52) can abut against the filter screen (51).

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