Auxiliary multi-path prism for biased vision and preparation method of auxiliary multi-path prism

Abstract

The invention discloses a hemispheric vision auxiliary multi-path prism and a preparation method, the hemispheric vision auxiliary multi-path prism comprises two prism groups, the two prism groups are respectively and movably arranged in front of two lenses of glasses, each prism group comprises a plurality of quadrangular prisms used for expanding visual fields at two sides, and the quadrangular prisms are in quadrangular prism shapes; the bottoms of the four prisms are quadrangles defined by first sides, second sides, third sides and fourth sides, the third sides are perpendicular to the fourth sides, the included angle between the first sides and the fourth sides is an acute angle, the included angle between the second sides and the third sides is an obtuse angle, and the four prisms are sequentially cascaded end to end and are arranged in a deflection mode; according to the scheme, the visual field range is expanded for a hemianopsia patient in a flexible, simple and convenient mode, the expanded visual field range is adjustable, and compared with traditional medicine and operation treatment modes, the blind area visual field expanding effect is remarkable, and side effects are avoided; moreover, by adjusting the angle and the placement position of the prism group, various different biased blind conditions can be dealt with, and a good vision assisting effect is achieved for daily travel of the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of visual assistance technology, and in particular to a hemianopsia visual assistance multi-path prism and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hemianopia refers to the loss of part of the visual field, which is mostly caused by neuropathy at the optic chiasm, and mainly includes bitemporal hemianopia and homonymous hemianopia. The loss of visual field makes it difficult for patients to avoid obstacles on the side in time, and greatly increases their risk of collision with pedestrians or obstacles, which brings great inconvenience to patients' lives.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream treatment for hemianopsia is to remove the tumor or other lesions that cause hemianopsia, relieve the pressure on the optic nerve, or use neurological drugs for treatment, but it is expensive, has the risk of complications, and may also cause other adverse reactions to the body. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-path prism for hemianopsia vision assistance and a preparation method, which solves the problem of how to shift the lateral visual field to the patient's visible area when the patient's own defective visual field has not been restored, so as to achieve the purpose of visual field supplementation, thereby reducing the inconvenience in patients' daily life caused by visual field defects and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, a multi-way prism for visual assistance for hemianopia is provided, which includes two prism groups, which are movably arranged in front of two lenses of glasses respectively, and the prism groups include a plurality of quadrangular prisms for expanding the visual field on both sides, the quadrangular prisms are in the shape of quadrangular prisms, and the bottom of the quadrangular prisms is a quadrilateral surrounded by a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side, the third side is vertically arranged, the angle between the first side and the fourth side is an acute angle, and the angle between the second side and the third side is an obtuse angle, and a plurality of quadrangular prisms are cascaded end to end in sequence and arranged in a skewed manner.

[0007] Furthermore, an anti-reflection film is arranged on the side where the first edge is located, an anti-reflection film is arranged on the side where the second edge is located, and the anti-reflection film and anti-reflection film adjacent to each other are arranged on the side where the fourth edge is located, and the anti-reflection film and anti-reflection film on the side where the fourth edge is located are respectively close to the side where the third edge is located and the side where the first edge is located.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of prisms are cascaded head to tail in sequence with the side edges between the first side and the fourth side and the side edges between the first side and the second side as the head and tail adjacent sides respectively, and are deflected and arranged with a fixed deflection direction and deflection angle, and the side surfaces of the plurality of first sides of the plurality of deflected prisms form an arc-shaped bending surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the prism group includes two glass pieces for respectively bonding the top and bottom surfaces of several prisms, a cross bar is arranged above the two lenses of the glasses, the two glass pieces on the two prism groups are respectively pivotally connected to one end of the two support rods, and the other ends of the two support rods are provided with rings, and the two rings are slidably mounted on the cross bar.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotation plane of the prism assembly on the support rod is perpendicular to the line of sight directly in front of the glasses.

[0011] In a second aspect, a method for preparing a hemianopsia visual aid multi-path prism is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1: Make several prisms of specific shapes and sizes according to the patient's needs;

[0013] S2: coating the side surfaces of the first side, the second side and the fourth side of the plurality of prisms with an anti-reflection film and / or an anti-reflection film;

[0014] S3: cascading a plurality of prisms in sequence head to tail with the side edge between the first side and the fourth side and the side edge between the first side and the second side as the head and tail adjacent sides respectively, and folding them in a fixed deflection direction and deflection angle, until the side surfaces of the plurality of prisms in the deflection arrangement where the first side is located form an arc-shaped bending surface, and the side surface where the fourth side of the first un-deflected prism is located is perpendicular to the line of sight directly in front of the glasses;

[0015] S4: using two glass sheets to bond the top and bottom surfaces of a plurality of deflected and arranged quadrangular prisms, and fixing and connecting the two glass sheets through a plurality of columns, so as to finally form a prism group;

[0016] S5: two prism groups are movably arranged in front of two lenses of the glasses, and the positions and angles of the two prism groups are adjusted until the light reflected by the several prisms on the two prism groups covers the hemianopsia range on both sides of the patient.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for determining the shape and size of the prism in step S1 is: according to the patient's hemianopsia range, determine the length of the third side and the fourth side of the prism, the angle between the first side and the fourth side, and the deflection angle of the prism cascade, and calculate the angle between the second side and the third side according to the angle between the first side and the fourth side and the optical path, so that the prism is formed;

[0018] The angle between the second side and the third side is calculated as:

[0019] B=90+(Aa) / 2

[0020] Wherein, A is the angle between the first side and the fourth side, which ranges from 45° to 60°; a is the deflection angle of the prism cascade; and B is the angle between the second side and the third side.

[0021] Further, step S2 specifically includes: coating an anti-reflection film on the side where the first side is located, coating an anti-reflection film on the side where the second side is located, coating an anti-reflection film and an anti-reflection film adjacent to each other on the side where the fourth side is located, and the anti-reflection film and the anti-reflection film on the side where the fourth side is located are close to the side where the third side is located and the side where the first side is located, respectively;

[0022] The method for determining the boundary line between the anti-reflection film and the anti-reflection film on the side where the fourth side is located is as follows:

[0023] S21: draw an incident light ray passing through the intersection of the third side and the fourth side and irradiating on the second side, and the incident light ray is located at the end face of the prism and the angle between the incident light ray and the third side is equal to the deflection angle;

[0024] S22: After the incident light passes through the second side, the reflected light intersects the fourth side at a point. The lateral perpendicular line passing through this point on the side where the fourth side is located is the boundary line between the anti-reflection film and the anti-reflection film.

[0025] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the number of cascaded four-prisms in a single prism group in step S3 is:

[0026] M=[A / a]+1

[0027] Wherein, M is the number of cascaded quadrangular prisms in a single prism group; [] is a rounding symbol.

[0028] Furthermore, the prism is made of H-K9L as the optical glass material.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] This solution innovatively starts from the basic principles of physical optics through the structural combination of multiple prisms, and uses the reflection of light to achieve the offset of the image on one side to the other side, and transfer the patient's blind spot field of view, so that the patient can receive the visual field information in the direction of the blind spot in the remaining visual field, thereby achieving the "reappearance" of the defective visual field; this solution expands the visual field for hemianopsia patients in a flexible and simple way, and the expanded visual field is adjustable. Compared with traditional medical and surgical treatments, this solution has a significant effect on expanding the blind spot field and has no side effects; and by adjusting the angle and placement of the prism group, it can cope with a variety of different hemianopsia situations, and play a good auxiliary visual role in patients' daily travel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A top view of two prism groups.

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of a prism.

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the optical path of a prism.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a front view of the prism assembly and glasses.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a side view of the prism assembly and glasses.

[0036] Figure 6 Optical schematic diagram for forming a quadrangular prism.

[0037] Among them, 1. prism, 2. first side, 3. second side, 4. third side, 5. fourth side, 6. anti-reflection film, 7. anti-reflection film, 8. bending surface, 9. glass sheet, 10. column, 11. cross bar, 12. support rod, 13. ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the hemianopsia visual aid multi-way prism of the present scheme includes two prism groups, and the two prism groups are movably arranged in front of the two lenses of the glasses, each prism group includes a plurality of prisms 1 for expanding the visual field on both sides, the prism 1 is in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and the bottom of the prism 1 is a quadrilateral surrounded by a first side 2, a second side 3, a third side 4 and a fourth side 5, the third side 4 and the fourth side 5 are vertically arranged, the angle between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5 is an acute angle, and the angle between the second side 3 and the third side 4 is an obtuse angle, and the plurality of prisms 1 are cascaded head to tail in sequence with the side edges between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5 and the side edges between the first side 2 and the second side 3 as the head and tail adjacent edges respectively, and are deflected and arranged with a fixed deflection direction and deflection angle, and the side surfaces of the plurality of first sides 2 in the deflected arrangement of the plurality of prisms 1 constitute an arc-shaped bending surface 8.

[0040] As an optional embodiment, an anti-reflection film 6 is arranged on the side where the first edge 2 is located, an anti-reflection film 7 is arranged on the side where the second edge 3 is located, and the anti-reflection film 6 and anti-reflection film 7 adjacent to each other are arranged on the side where the fourth edge 5 is located, and the anti-reflection film 6 and anti-reflection film 7 on the side where the fourth edge 5 is located are respectively close to the side where the third edge 4 is located and the side where the first edge 2 is located.

[0041] As for a single prism 1, light is incident through the side where the first edge 2 is located, is totally reflected on the side where the fourth edge 5 is located, is totally reflected for a second time through the side where the second edge 3 is located, and is emitted through another part of the side where the fourth edge 5 is located to enter the patient's eye; the anti-reflection film 6 can ensure that the light is incident to the maximum extent and reduce the loss, thereby ensuring that the image is captured completely; and the anti-reflection film 7 can enhance the effect of total reflection, while shielding the interference of the image directly in front to the image on the side, thereby improving the image quality; thereby, on the one hand, it can ensure that the field of view is offset to the preset direction; on the other hand, it can ensure a high-quality field of view image with basically no distortion.

[0042] As an optional implementation, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the prism group includes two glass sheets 9 for respectively bonding the top and bottom surfaces of a plurality of prisms 1, the two glass sheets 9 are fixedly connected by a plurality of columns 10, a cross bar 11 is arranged above the two lenses of the glasses, the two glass sheets 9 on the two prism groups are respectively pivotally connected to one end of two support rods 12, and the rotation plane of the prism group on the support rods 12 is perpendicular to the line of sight directly in front of the glasses, the other ends of the two support rods 12 are provided with rings 13, and the two rings 13 are slidably mounted on the cross bar 11.

[0043] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a hemianopsia visual aid multi-path prism, which comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1: Produce several prisms 1 of specific shapes and sizes according to the needs of patients; specifically including:

[0045] The prism 1 is made of H-K9L optical glass material, which has excellent optical and mechanical properties, and its low density ensures the product is light and flexible. In addition, its refractive index is about 1.38, which can ensure that under most deflection angle requirements, the prism 1 can complete total internal reflection (reaching the angle condition of total reflection).

[0046] The method for determining the shape and size of the prism 1 is as follows: according to the patient's hemianopsia range, the length of the third side 4 and the fourth side 5 of the prism 1, the angle between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5, and the deflection angle of the cascade of the prism 1 are determined, and the angle between the second side 3 and the third side 4 is calculated according to the angle between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5 and the optical path, so that the prism 1 is formed;

[0047] The angle between the second side 3 and the third side 4 is calculated as follows:

[0048] B=90+(Aa) / 2

[0049] Wherein, A is the angle between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5, which ranges from 45° to 60°; a is the deflection angle of the cascade of the four-prism 1; and B is the angle between the second side 3 and the third side 4.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, the optical principle of the above calculation formula is: take a point A below the midpoint on the first side 2, draw a perpendicular line through point A to the first side 2, intersecting the fourth side 5 at point B, take AB as the incident light, draw a reflected light BC (according to the law of reflection, the dotted line between AB and BC is the normal line), take any point C on the straight line BC, and draw a straight line CD downward, so that the angle between CD and the vertical direction is equal to the deflection angle of the cascade of the four-prism 1 (that is, the angle between CD and the dotted line drawn from point D is equal to the deflection angle of the cascade of the four-prism 1 ; To facilitate the determination of the vertical plane, CD should have an intersection point on the fourth side 5. If the straight line CD is outside the fourth side 5, point A should be reselected so that CD and the fourth side 5 can intersect). Finally, a straight line MN is made through point C and perpendicular to the bisector of ∠BCD. The second side 3 can be obtained by translating MN to a position passing through the vertex on the third side 4. At this point, the sides of the prism 1 are formed. Finally, the conversion formula of the angle between the second side 3 and the third side 4 with respect to the angle between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5 can be obtained by optical path calculation.

[0051] S2: coating the four sides of the plurality of prisms 1 with an anti-reflection film 6 and / or an anti-reflection film 7; specifically comprising:

[0052] An anti-reflection film 6 is coated on the side where the first edge 2 is located, an anti-reflection film 7 is coated on the side where the second edge 3 is located, and the anti-reflection film 6 and the anti-reflection film 7 adjacent to each other are coated on the side where the fourth edge 5 is located, and the anti-reflection film 6 and the anti-reflection film 7 on the side where the fourth edge 5 is located are respectively close to the side where the third edge 4 is located and the side where the first edge 2 is located.

[0053] The method for determining the boundary line between the anti-reflection film 6 and the anti-reflection film 7 on the side where the fourth edge 5 is located is as follows:

[0054] S21: draw an incident light ray passing through the intersection of the third side 4 and the fourth side 5 and irradiating the second side 3, and the incident light ray is located at the end face of the prism 1 and the angle between the incident light ray and the third side 4 is equal to the deflection angle;

[0055] S22: After the incident light passes through the second edge 3 , the reflected light intersects the fourth edge 5 at a point. The lateral perpendicular line passing through the point on the side surface where the fourth edge 5 is located is the boundary line between the anti-reflection film 6 and the anti-reflection film 7 .

[0056] S3: Cascade a plurality of prisms 1 in sequence head to tail with the side edges between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5 and the side edges between the first side 2 and the second side 3 as the head and tail adjacent edges respectively, and deflect and arrange them in a fixed deflection direction and deflection angle, until the side surfaces of the plurality of deflected prisms 1 where the first side 2 is located form an arc-shaped bending surface 8, and the side surface where the fourth side 5 of the first undeflected prism 1 is located is perpendicular to the line of sight directly in front of the glasses; wherein, the calculation formula for the number of cascaded prisms 1 in a single prism group is:

[0057] M=[A / a]+1

[0058] Wherein, M is the number of cascaded prisms 1 in a single prism group; A is the angle between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5; a is the deflection angle, which is determined according to the range of the patient's hemianopsia; [] is a rounding symbol.

[0059] The purpose of setting the number of cascaded prisms 1 in this way is: to enable the several prisms 1 that are cascaded end to end and arranged in a deflected manner to more completely cover the entire range extending from the patient's blind side into the visible field of vision; to ensure that the offset object image seen by the patient through the several cascaded prisms is also complete; for example, the angle between the first side 2 and the fourth side 5 is 60°, and the deflection angle is 15°, so the number of cascaded prisms 1 in a single prism group is five. If the number of cascades is too small, such as four, the lateral length of the cascaded four prisms 1 is too short, resulting in a coverage range that is less than the length of the eye axis, then the offset image is concentrated in a smaller area, just like a normal person wearing a very small eye lens, and thus cannot see all the offset images through the lens; and if the number of cascades is too large, such as six, although it is not much different from five, because the lateral length of five prisms 1 is sufficient and matches the length of the eye axis, then the cascade of six prisms 1 will cause its lateral length to increase, thereby increasing the weight and the cost of use.

[0060] S4: using two glass sheets 9 to bond the top and bottom surfaces of a plurality of deflected and arranged quadrangular prisms 1, and fixing the two glass sheets 9 with a plurality of columns 10 to finally form a prism group;

[0061] S5: movably setting the two prism groups in front of the two lenses of the glasses, and adjusting the positions and angles of the two prism groups until the light reflected by the several prisms 1 on the two prism groups covers the hemianopsia range on both sides of the patient; specifically including:

[0062] The prism group can be adjusted by sliding the ring 13 on the cross bar 11 to adjust the lateral movement position of the prism group. This is because the pupil distances of different patients are different, which leads to slight deviations in the most suitable positions when different patients wear the glasses. Therefore, the lateral adjustment of the two prism groups can adapt to patients with different pupil distances. The prism group can also be rotated within a range of 90° at the end of the support rod 12 (the left and right rotation ranges are 45° respectively), and the rotation plane is perpendicular to the line of sight directly in front of the glasses, so that the patient can scan the image from top to bottom on the side through the upper prism 1, rather than just being able to see the image on the upper part of the side, so as to enhance its practicality.

Claims

1. A multi-way prism for hemianopsia vision assistance, characterized in that: The invention comprises two prism groups, which are movably arranged in front of two lenses of the glasses respectively, and the prism groups comprise a plurality of quadrangular prisms for expanding the fields of vision on both sides, the quadrangular prisms are in the shape of quadrangular prisms, the bottom of the quadrangular prisms is a quadrilateral surrounded by a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side, the third side is arranged perpendicularly to the fourth side, the angle between the first side and the fourth side is an acute angle, and the angle between the second side and the third side is an obtuse angle, and a plurality of the quadrangular prisms are sequentially cascaded end to end and arranged in a deflected manner.

2. The multi-way prism for hemianopsia vision assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-reflection film is arranged on the side where the first edge is located, an anti-reflection film is arranged on the side where the second edge is located, and the anti-reflection film and anti-reflection film adjacent to each other are arranged on the side where the fourth edge is located, and the anti-reflection film and anti-reflection film on the side where the fourth edge is located are respectively close to the side where the third edge is located and the side where the first edge is located.

3. The multi-way prism for hemianopsia vision assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of prisms are cascaded head to tail in sequence with the side edges between the first side and the fourth side and the side edges between the first side and the second side as the head and tail adjacent sides respectively, and are deflected and arranged with a fixed deflection direction and deflection angle, and the side surfaces of the plurality of first sides of the plurality of prisms in the deflected arrangement constitute an arc-shaped bending surface.

4. The multi-way prism for hemianopsia vision assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism group includes two glass pieces for respectively bonding the top and bottom surfaces of a plurality of prisms. A cross bar is arranged above the two lenses of the glasses. The two glass pieces on the two prism groups are respectively pivotally connected to one end of two support rods. The other ends of the two support rods are respectively provided with rings, and the two rings are slidably mounted on the cross bar.

5. The multi-way prism for hemianopsia vision assistance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotation plane of the prism group on the support rod is perpendicular to the sight line directly in front of the glasses.

6. A method for preparing a hemianopsia visual aid multi-way prism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Make several prisms of specific shapes and sizes according to the patient's needs; S2: coating the side surfaces of the first side, the second side and the fourth side of the plurality of prisms with an anti-reflection film and / or an anti-reflection film; S3: cascading a plurality of prisms in sequence head to tail with the side edge between the first side and the fourth side and the side edge between the first side and the second side as the head and tail adjacent sides respectively, and folding them in a fixed deflection direction and deflection angle, until the side surfaces of the plurality of prisms in the deflection arrangement where the first side is located form an arc-shaped bending surface, and the side surface where the fourth side of the first un-deflected prism is located is perpendicular to the line of sight directly in front of the glasses; S4: using two glass sheets to bond the top and bottom surfaces of a plurality of deflected and arranged quadrangular prisms, and fixing and connecting the two glass sheets through a plurality of columns, so as to finally form a prism group; S5: two prism groups are movably arranged in front of two lenses of the glasses, and the positions and angles of the two prism groups are adjusted until the light reflected by the several prisms on the two prism groups covers the hemianopsia range on both sides of the patient.

7. The method for preparing the hemianopsia visual aid multi-path prism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for determining the shape and size of the prism in step S1 is as follows: according to the patient's hemianopsia range, the lengths of the third and fourth sides of the prism, the angle between the first side and the fourth side, and the deflection angle of the prism cascade are determined, and the angle between the second side and the third side is calculated according to the angle between the first side and the fourth side and the optical path, so that the prism is formed; The angle between the second side and the third side is calculated as: B=90+(Aa) / 2 Wherein, A is the angle between the first side and the fourth side, which ranges from 45° to 60°; a is the deflection angle of the prism cascade; and B is the angle between the second side and the third side.

8. The method for preparing the hemianopsia visual aid multi-path prism according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes: coating an anti-reflection film on the side where the first side is located, coating an anti-reflection film on the side where the second side is located, coating an anti-reflection film and an anti-reflection film adjacent to each other on the side where the fourth side is located, and the anti-reflection film and the anti-reflection film on the side where the fourth side is located are close to the side where the third side is located and the side where the first side is located, respectively; The method for determining the boundary line between the anti-reflection film and the anti-reflection film on the side where the fourth side is located is as follows: S21: draw an incident light ray passing through the intersection of the third side and the fourth side and irradiating on the second side, and the incident light ray is located at the end face of the prism and the angle between the incident light ray and the third side is equal to the deflection angle; S22: After the incident light passes through the second side, the reflected light intersects the fourth side at a point. The lateral perpendicular line passing through this point on the side where the fourth side is located is the boundary line between the anti-reflection film and the anti-reflection film.

9. The method for preparing the hemianopsia visual aid multi-path prism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the number of cascaded four-prisms in a single prism group in step S3 is: M=[A / a]+1 Wherein, M is the number of cascaded quadrangular prisms in a single prism group; [] is a rounding symbol.

10. The method for preparing the hemianopsia visual aid multi-path prism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The four-prism is made of H-K9L optical glass material.

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