A positioning method and system for embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model

Abstract

The present invention discloses a positioning method and system for embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model, which relates to the technical field of data processing and includes: building a three-dimensional model; obtaining a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, obtaining the starting point and ending point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a first embedded path based on a path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the ending point; obtaining a safety distance according to a preset electrical conduit specification, obtaining the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first embedded path, and obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjusting the first embedded path to a second embedded path according to the optimization strategy; generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second embedded path; marking on the ground according to the positioning coordinates to form embedded points, and completing the embedding of the preset electrical conduits according to the embedded points. The present invention has the advantages of accuracy, reliability, high positioning efficiency and comprehensive optimization and adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly relates to a positioning method and system for embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model. Background Art

[0002] In the modern construction field, with the rapid development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, it has become an important tool for improving the efficiency of building design, construction, and operation and maintenance. BIM technology realizes the integration and sharing of information in various stages such as design and construction by creating a three-dimensional digital model containing all components of a building, greatly improving the refined management level of engineering projects. Especially in electrical installation projects, the embedding of electrical conduits is a key link, and its accuracy and efficiency directly affect the smooth progress of subsequent construction and the quality of the overall project.

[0003] Traditional methods for embedding electrical conduits rely on two-dimensional drawings and on-site experience, and have many deficiencies. First, two-dimensional drawings are difficult to intuitively display complex spatial relationships, easily leading to inaccurate embedding positions, and even conflicts with other building structures, increasing the rework cost. Second, the lack of effective conflict detection means makes it difficult to detect and solve potential collision problems in advance during the construction process, affecting the construction progress and safety. In addition, the planning of the conduit path in traditional methods often relies on manual judgment, and it is difficult to achieve an optimal layout, which not only increases material consumption but also may affect the overall performance of the electrical system.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can make full use of the advantages of BIM technology to achieve precise positioning of embedded electrical conduits. This method needs to be able to automatically identify and handle conflicts between the conduit path and other building elements based on a three-dimensional model, and at the same time consider the requirements of electrical conduit specifications for safety distances, and automatically plan the best embedding path that avoids conflicts and meets the actual construction needs. In addition, this method can also automatically generate positioning coordinates to guide on-site construction personnel to accurately mark the embedding points, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of the embedding operation, reducing the construction cost, and ensuring the quality and safety of the electrical system installation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning method and system for embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model, aiming to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Through a series of technical means such as three-dimensional modeling, conflict detection, path optimization, and automatic positioning, it realizes the intelligent and precise management of embedded electrical conduits, and promotes the technological progress of building electrical installation projects.

[0006] A positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model, comprising: building a three-dimensional model; obtaining a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, obtaining the starting point and ending point positions of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a first embedded path based on a path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point position, and the ending point position; obtaining a safety distance according to a preset electrical conduit specification, obtaining the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first embedded path, and obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first embedded path to a second embedded path according to the optimization strategy; generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second embedded path; marking on-site according to the positioning coordinates to form embedded points, and completing the embedding of the preset electrical conduit according to the embedded points.

[0007] Optionally, obtaining the first embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point position, and the ending point position includes: obtaining the difference in x-axis coordinates, the difference in y-axis coordinates, and the difference in z-axis coordinates between the starting point position and the ending point position; obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the difference in x-axis coordinates, the difference in y-axis coordinates, and the difference in z-axis coordinates; obtaining the edge coordinate positions of the conflict area, obtaining the obstacle avoidance conditions according to the edge coordinate positions, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance conditions, and generating the first embedded path.

[0008] Optionally, obtaining the difference in x-axis coordinates, the difference in y-axis coordinates, and the difference in z-axis coordinates between the starting point position and the ending point position is expressed as: , , ; where

[0009] is the ending point position , is the starting point position , is the difference in x-axis coordinates, is the difference in y-axis coordinates, is the difference in z-axis coordinates.

[0010] Optionally, the path calculation model in obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the difference in x-axis coordinates, the difference in y-axis coordinates, and the difference in z-axis coordinates is expressed as: , ; ; ; , ; where is the path length, is a parametric curve, is the representation of a point on the parametric curve, is a parameter, and are scale factors, is the tangent vector of the point on the parametric curve.

[0011] Optionally, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first pre-buried path includes: optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining the parametric curve at the minimum path length; generating the first pre-buried path according to the parametric curve.

[0012] Optionally, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining the parametric curve at the minimum path length includes: ; where is the area surrounded by the edge coordinate positions.

[0013] Optionally, obtaining the optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy includes: determining whether the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance; if less, obtaining the safety difference between the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, optimizing the obstacle avoidance condition according to the safety difference and forming a new obstacle avoidance condition, and optimizing the path length according to the new obstacle avoidance condition and generating the second pre-buried path.

[0014] There is also provided a positioning system for electrical conduit pre-burial based on a BIM model. The system includes: a building module for building a three-dimensional model; a path calculation module for obtaining a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining the starting point position and the ending point position of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining the first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point position and the ending point position; a path optimization module for obtaining the safety distance according to the preset electrical conduit specification, and obtaining the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path, and obtaining the optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path; a positioning coordinate generation module for generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second pre-buried path.

[0015] Optionally, the path calculation module is further configured to: obtain the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point position and the ending point position; obtain the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference; obtain the edge coordinate position of the conflict area, obtain the obstacle avoidance condition according to the edge coordinate position, optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generate the first pre-buried path.

[0016] Optionally, the path calculation module is further configured to: optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtain the parametric curve at the minimum path length; generate the first pre-buried path according to the parametric curve.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in:

[0018] In the entire positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model, a virtual environment is constructed, enabling all building elements that may be involved in the conduit path to be visually presented in three dimensions, thoroughly resolving the limitations of two-dimensional drawings in expressing complex spatial relationships. On this basis, a comprehensive conflict detection technology is applied, which can automatically identify and mark all potential conflict areas, such as intersections with other pipes, structural beams, load-bearing columns, etc., laying a solid foundation for subsequent path planning. Further, the path calculation model combines the conflict area information and the safety distance requirements of the electrical conduit specifications to automatically plan the optimal embedded path from the starting point to the ending point. In this process, not only the economy and practicality of the path are considered, but more importantly, through detailed conflict distance analysis and safety distance comparison, the preliminary path is optimally adjusted as necessary, ensuring that the embedded path avoids all conflicts and maintains a safe distance from other building elements, greatly improving the safety and accuracy of the embedded operation. Further, the method also accurately generates a series of positioning coordinates for on-site construction based on the optimized embedded path. These coordinate points cover every key point of the path, including the starting point, the ending point, and the intersections with the building structure, etc., and are all based on the overall coordinate system of the construction project, ensuring precise positioning in subsequent construction. Construction workers only need to mark on-site using professional measuring tools according to these coordinate points to quickly and accurately form the embedded points, providing great convenience for the embedded work of electrical conduits. Finally, the implementation of the entire method not only significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the embedded electrical conduits, reduces the rework cost caused by inaccurate positions or conflicts, but also ensures the overall quality and safety of the electrical system installation. It comprehensively improves the refined management level of the electrical installation project and provides strong technical support for the high-quality development of the modern construction field. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts do not necessarily draw according to the actual scale.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of the steps of S2 in the positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the steps of S23 in the positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention in S3. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, a positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model is provided, including:

[0028] S1. Build a three-dimensional model;

[0029] S2. Obtain a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, obtain the starting point and the ending point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtain a first embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point, and the ending point;

[0030] S3. Obtain a safety distance according to a preset electrical conduit specification, obtain the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first embedded path, and obtain an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjust the first embedded path to a second embedded path according to the optimization strategy;

[0031] S4. Generate a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second embedded path;

[0032] S5. Mark on the site according to the positioning coordinates to form embedded points, and complete the embedding of the preset electrical conduits according to the embedded points.

[0033] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in S1, the construction of the entire 3D model is involved. This step requires using BIM technology to accurately model all relevant components of the construction project in 3D, including but not limited to walls, floors, beams, columns, doors, windows, and various facilities and equipment. This process not only requires the model to have a high geometric accuracy but also must contain rich attribute information such as material, size, location, etc., to ensure the accuracy and practicality of subsequent analysis. In actual operation, professional BIM software such as Revit, AutoCAD, etc. is usually used to build the model layer by layer and piece by piece according to the construction design drawings and actual requirements. For example, for a multi-story building, it is necessary to start from the foundation, add floors and walls layer by layer, and be detailed to the position and size of each door and window. At the same time, the structures such as beams and columns through which electrical conduits may pass also need to be accurately modeled for subsequent conflict detection and path planning.

[0034] Furthermore, during the process of building the 3D model, special attention should be paid to the integrity and accuracy of the model. Integrity means that the model should contain all elements that may affect the pre-embedded electrical conduits, regardless of their size or importance, to ensure the comprehensiveness of subsequent analysis. Accuracy requires that every part of the model conforms to the actual design, whether it is size, position, or shape. Any minor deviation may lead to errors in the subsequent pre-embedded path planning. For example, if the position of a certain wall in the model is offset by a few centimeters, it may result in the planned pre-embedded path not matching the actual situation, thereby causing conflicts or rework during construction. Therefore, in step S1, the construction of the model needs to be completed by experienced professionals and be subject to strict review and verification to ensure that it can truly and accurately reflect the actual situation of the construction project and provide a solid foundation for subsequent steps.

[0035] In S2, based on the built 3D model, the identification of conflict areas and the determination of the starting and ending positions of electrical conduits are carried out, and then a preliminary pre-embedded path is planned. In this step, first, a comprehensive conflict detection of the 3D model is performed to identify all building elements that may conflict with the electrical conduit path, such as other pipes, structural beams, load-bearing columns, etc., and these areas are marked as conflict areas. For example, in a high-rise building, it may be found that the planned path of the electrical conduit intersects with the air-conditioning pipes on a certain floor, and this area is identified as a conflict area.

[0036] Next, based on the electrical design requirements, the starting and ending points of the electrical conduit are determined. These typically correspond to the installation locations of electrical equipment (such as distribution boxes, switches, and sockets). After determining the starting and ending points, a path calculation model is used, incorporating information about conflicting areas, to plan a primary pre-buried path from the starting point to the end point. This approach aims to avoid conflicts while also finding an economical and practical path. For example, a path might be planned that runs along the inside of a wall, avoiding all conflicting areas and featuring the most straight lines, fewer turns, and fewer curves. This path would serve as the primary pre-buried path.

[0037] S3 fully considers the safety distance requirements of electrical conduit specifications and the actual conditions of conflicting areas. First, the required safety distance is automatically calculated based on the preset electrical conduit specifications. This safety distance is the minimum distance that must be maintained between electrical conduit and other building elements to ensure safe electrical operation and ease of subsequent maintenance. For example, for an electrical conduit with a diameter of 10 mm, according to industry regulations, a safety distance of at least 100 mm is required.

[0038] Next, the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path—the shortest distance between the first pre-buried path and the edge of the conflict area—is analyzed in detail. If the minimum conflict distance is less than the safe distance, the first pre-buried path presents a safety hazard and requires optimization. An optimization strategy is generated based on the specific shape, location, and size of the conflict area, as well as the safe distance requirements for the electrical conduit. For example, the pre-buried path might be partially offset to avoid the conflict area, or a curved path might be created above or below the conflict area to bypass the obstacle. Based on these optimization strategies, the first pre-buried path is adjusted to generate a second pre-buried path. This second pre-buried path not only avoids direct conflict with the conflict area but also ensures a safe distance between the electrical conduit and other building elements, significantly improving the accuracy and safety of the pre-buried work.

[0039] In S4, multiple positioning coordinates for on-site construction are generated based on the optimized second pre-embedded path. This step first automatically calculates the 3D coordinates of key points along the path based on its trajectory and turning points. These key points typically include the path's starting and ending points, as well as intersections with other building elements (such as walls and floor slabs). Based on this location information and the overall coordinate system of the building project, precise X, Y, and Z coordinates are generated for each point, ensuring accurate positioning during subsequent construction.

[0040] For example, assume that the second pre-embedded path needs to start from the power distribution box on the first floor and rise along the interior of the wall to a switch position on the third floor. During this process, the path may pass through several bending positions and pass through the floor slab on the second floor. In step S4, these key points will be first identified, and then, based on the overall coordinate system of the construction project, precise three-dimensional coordinates will be calculated for these points respectively. These coordinate values will be output in the form of a list or a chart for the construction workers to refer to and use, so as to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the pre-embedding of electrical conduits.

[0041] In S5, the generated positioning coordinates are converted into pre-embedded points in actual construction, and the pre-embedding work of electrical conduits is completed. In this step, the construction workers will use professional measuring tools (such as laser rangefinders, total stations, etc.) to conduct precise measurements and markings on site according to the positioning coordinate list or chart generated in step S4. They will make marks at the corresponding positions of the building according to the X, Y, and Z values of each coordinate point to form pre-embedded points. These pre-embedded points are the positions where the electrical conduits actually need to pass through or be fixed, and their position accuracy is directly related to the smooth progress of the subsequent conduit installation and the overall performance of the electrical system.

[0042] In summary, in the entire positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model, a virtual environment is constructed, enabling all building elements that may be involved in the conduit path to be visually presented in three dimensions, completely solving the limitations of two-dimensional drawings in expressing complex spatial relationships. On this basis, a comprehensive conflict detection technology is applied, which can automatically identify and mark all potential conflict areas, such as intersections with other pipes, structural beams, load-bearing columns, etc., laying a solid foundation for subsequent path planning; further, the path calculation model combines the conflict area information and the safety distance requirements of the electrical conduit specifications to automatically plan the optimal embedded path from the starting point to the ending point. In this process, not only the economy and practicality of the path are considered, but more importantly, through detailed conflict distance analysis and safety distance comparison, the preliminary path is optimized and adjusted as necessary to ensure that the embedded path avoids all conflicts and maintains a safe distance from other building elements, greatly improving the safety and accuracy of the embedded operation; further, the method also accurately generates a series of positioning coordinates for on-site construction based on the optimized embedded path. These coordinate points cover every key point of the path, including the starting point, the ending point, and the intersections with the building structure, etc., and are all based on the overall coordinate system of the construction project, ensuring precise positioning in subsequent construction. Construction workers only need to mark on-site using professional measuring tools according to these coordinate points to quickly and accurately form embedded points, providing great convenience for the embedded work of electrical conduits; finally, the implementation of the entire method not only significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the embedded electrical conduits, reduces the rework cost caused by inaccurate positions or conflicts, but also ensures the overall quality and safety of the electrical system installation. It comprehensively improves the refined management level of the electrical installation project and provides strong technical support for the high-quality development of the modern construction field.

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, in one embodiment, obtaining the first embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point position, and the ending point position in S2 includes:

[0044] S21. Obtain the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point position and the ending point position;

[0045] S22. Obtain the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference;

[0046] S23. Obtain the edge coordinate positions of the conflict area, obtain the obstacle avoidance conditions according to the edge coordinate positions, optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance conditions, and generate the first embedded path.

[0047] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in S21, the coordinate differences of the starting and ending points of the electrical conduit on the x-, y-, and z-axes are first calculated. These coordinate differences represent the relative positional relationship between the starting and ending points in three-dimensional space and serve as the basis for subsequent path calculation. Accurately calculating these differences ensures that path planning accurately reflects the actual direction and distance of the electrical conduit, providing accurate data support for subsequent steps.

[0048] Next, in step S22, the path calculation model combines the x-, y-, and z-axis coordinate differences calculated in the previous step to calculate the length of the pre-buried electrical conduit path. The path calculation model comprehensively considers spatial distance, path feasibility, and actual construction requirements, using an algorithm to determine the optimal or relatively optimal path length. The results of this step not only provide a foundation for subsequent path optimization but also ensure the rationality of the pre-buried path in terms of cost-effectiveness and practicality.

[0049] Finally, in S23, by obtaining the edge coordinates of the conflicting areas, it is possible to identify which areas are obstacles or conflict points that need to be avoided. Based on these edge coordinates, corresponding obstacle avoidance conditions are generated, which serve as constraints for path optimization. During the path optimization process, the previously calculated path length is adjusted based on the obstacle avoidance conditions to ensure that the newly embedded path avoids all conflicting areas.

[0050] In one embodiment, in S21, the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point are obtained according to the starting point and the end point, and are expressed as follows:

[0051] , , ;in,

[0052] End point , Starting point , is the x-axis coordinate difference, is the y-axis coordinate difference, is the z-axis coordinate difference.

[0053] In this embodiment, it should be noted that End point The three-dimensional coordinates are the end point of the pre-buried path of the electrical conduit. In electrical installation projects, this usually corresponds to the installation location of electrical equipment (such as distribution boxes, switches, sockets, etc.).

[0054] Starting point The three-dimensional coordinates, which are the starting position of the embedded path of the electrical conduit, are also determined according to the requirements of the electrical design and may be the position starting from a certain distribution box or the main line.

[0055] represents the distance difference between the end point and the starting point in the x-axis direction, that is, the relative position change in their horizontal direction; represents the distance difference in the y-axis direction, reflecting their relative position change in another horizontal direction; represents the distance difference in the z-axis direction, that is, the relative height change in their vertical direction.

[0056] In one embodiment, the path calculation model in obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference in S22 is expressed as:

[0057] , ;

[0058] ;

[0059] ;

[0060] , ; where,

[0061] is the path length, is the parametric curve, is the representation of the point on the parametric curve, is the parameter, and are the scale factors, is the tangent vector of the point on the parametric curve.

[0062] In this embodiment, it should be noted that S22 calculates the length of the embedded path of the electrical conduit by introducing a path calculation model. This model is described based on the parametric curve , where t is the parameter, and its value range is from 0 to 1, representing the entire path process from the starting point to the end point.

[0063] represents that when the parameter t = 0, the point on the curve corresponds to the starting point of the path, that is, the starting position of the electrical conduit.

[0064] represents that when the parameter t = 1, the point on the curve corresponds to the end point of the path, that is, the end position of the electrical conduit.

[0065] The path length L is calculated in two parts: the first part is the path length calculation part for the straight line , which represents the Euclidean distance between the starting point and the ending point multiplied by a proportionality coefficient . Here, , and are the coordinate differences of the starting point and the ending point on the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis respectively. The second part is the path length calculation part for the curve , which represents the arc length of the parametric curve r(t) multiplied by a proportionality coefficient b. Among them, is the tangent vector of the point on the parametric curve r(t), is the modulus (i.e., length) of this tangent vector, and the integral calculates the total arc length of the entire parametric curve; among them, the proportionality coefficients a and b satisfy a + b = 1, and they are used to balance the contributions of the straight path and the curved path to the proportion in the total path length.

[0066] As Figure 3 shown, in one embodiment, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first pre-buried path in S23 includes:

[0067] S231. Optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtain the parametric curve under the minimum path length;

[0068] S232. Generate the first pre-buried path according to the parametric curve.

[0069] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in S231, based on the previously obtained obstacle avoidance conditions, the path length will be optimized. This step involves using optimization algorithms (such as gradient descent, simulated annealing, genetic algorithms, etc.) to adjust the parameters in the parametric curve to meet the obstacle avoidance requirements while seeking the minimization of the path length. During the optimization process, the algorithm will iterate continuously. Each iteration will calculate the path length according to the current parameter values and adjust the parameters based on the obstacle avoidance conditions and the length minimization objective. When the preset optimization stop conditions (such as the number of iterations, the path length change threshold, etc.) are reached, the parametric curve with the minimum path length under the obstacle avoidance conditions can be obtained.

[0070] Next, in step S232, the first pre-buried path will be generated using the parametric curve optimized in the previous step. Specifically, according to the expression and parameter values of the parametric curve, the coordinates of each discrete point on the curve will be calculated, and these points will be connected in sequence to form a continuous and smooth pre-buried path.

[0071] In one embodiment, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining the parametric curve under the minimum path length in S231 includes:

[0072] ; where

[0073] is the area surrounded by the edge coordinate positions.

[0074] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the goal is to find a parameterized curve r(t) that minimizes the path length L. The path length L is usually determined according to the previously mentioned path calculation model, which may include a weighted sum of the straight-line distance part and the curved path part. is a constraint condition, indicating that the parameterized curve r(t) cannot enter the area surrounded by the edge coordinate positions throughout the path (i.e., for all t ∈ [0, 1]) , which may include building structures, other pipelines, non-traversable obstacles, etc. Therefore, the pre-buried path of the electrical conduit must avoid these areas. and these two conditions ensure that the starting point and the ending point of the path are the preset starting point and the ending point .

[0075] In summary, this expression describes a path optimization problem with obstacle avoidance constraints. The goal is to find a pre-buried path of the electrical conduit with the shortest length under the premise of meeting the starting point, ending point, and obstacle avoidance conditions. To solve this problem, numerical optimization methods (such as gradient descent method, interior point method, particle swarm optimization, etc.) may be used to search for the best path that meets all conditions.

[0076] For example, when using particle swarm optimization, first, set the number of particle swarms (i.e., the number of candidate solutions for the search path). Randomly initialize a position for each particle, and this position represents a possible path, which can be represented by a series of points that describe the path from the starting point to the ending point. Initialize the velocity of each particle, and this velocity determines the moving direction and distance of the particle in the search space.

[0077] Then, define the fitness function as the expression of the above path calculation model. The fitness function is used to evaluate the quality of each particle. In this problem, the shorter the path, the better the obstacle avoidance effect, and the smoother the path, the higher the fitness of the particle.

[0078] Furthermore, iterate and update the particles. In each iteration, each particle will update its position and velocity based on its own experience and the cooperation of the group. Each particle will record its own best solution found (pbest), as well as the best solution found by the entire group (gbest). The new position and new velocity of the particle will be calculated based on pbest, gbest, and the current position and velocity.

[0079] Finally, set a termination condition, such as reaching the maximum number of iterations, the change in the fitness function value being less than a certain threshold, etc. When the termination condition is met, stop the iteration and output the current optimal solution.

[0080] Such as Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, in S3, obtaining an optimization strategy based on the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first pre-embedded path to the second pre-embedded path according to the optimization strategy includes:

[0081] S31. Determine whether the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance;

[0082] S32. If it is less, obtain the safety difference between the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, optimize the obstacle avoidance condition according to the safety difference to form a new obstacle avoidance condition, and optimize the path length according to the new obstacle avoidance condition to generate the second pre-embedded path.

[0083] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in step S31, the minimum conflict distance between the current first pre-embedded path and the obstacle will be calculated first. This distance refers to the shortest distance from any point on the path to the surface of the nearest obstacle. Then, this minimum conflict distance will be compared with a preset safety distance. The safety distance is set according to the actual situation, and it represents the minimum safe distance that should be maintained between the electrical conduit and the obstacle to ensure the safety of construction and use. If the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance, it means that the current path is too close to the obstacle and needs to be adjusted.

[0084] In step S32, when it is found that the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance, the safety difference will be calculated, that is, the difference between the safety distance and the minimum conflict distance. This difference reflects the degree to which the current path needs to be adjusted. Next, the obstacle avoidance condition will be optimized according to this safety difference, which may include adjusting the boundary of the obstacle, increasing the range of the obstacle avoidance area, or changing the priority of obstacle avoidance, etc. Then, based on these new obstacle avoidance conditions, the path will be optimized again to generate a new pre-embedded path, that is, the second pre-embedded path. This new path will minimize the path length while meeting the obstacle avoidance requirements, thereby improving the efficiency and feasibility of electrical conduit pre-embedding.

[0085] There is also provided a positioning system for electrical conduit pre-embedding based on a BIM model, and the system includes:

[0086] A building module for building a three-dimensional model;

[0087] A path calculation module for obtaining a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, obtaining the starting point and the ending point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining the first pre-embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the ending point;

[0088] A path optimization module, configured to obtain a safety distance according to a preset electrical conduit specification, obtain a minimum conflict distance between a conflict area and a first embedded path, and obtain an optimization strategy based on the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjust the first embedded path to a second embedded path according to the optimization strategy;

[0089] A positioning coordinate generation module, configured to generate a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second embedded path.

[0090] In one embodiment, the path calculation module is further configured to: obtain the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between a starting point and an ending point; obtain a path length based on a path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference; obtain the edge coordinate positions of a conflict area, obtain an obstacle avoidance condition according to the edge coordinate positions, optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition, and generate a first embedded path.

[0091] In one embodiment, the path calculation module is further configured to: optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtain a parametric curve under the minimum path length; generate a first embedded path according to the parametric curve.

[0092] In this embodiment, it should be noted that regarding the above-mentioned positioning system for electrical conduit embedding based on a BIM model, the specific manner of performing operations has been described in detail in the embodiments of the method for positioning electrical conduit embedding based on a BIM model, and will not be elaborated here.

[0093] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0094] In addition, it should be noted that, in the above specific embodiments, the various specific technical features described can be combined in any suitable manner without conflict. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not separately describe various possible combination manners.

[0095] Furthermore, any combination can be made between various different embodiments of the present disclosure as long as it does not violate the idea of the present disclosure, and it should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present disclosure.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model, characterized in that, Including: Constructing a 3D model; Obtaining a conflict area based on the 3D model, obtaining the starting point and ending point of the electrical conduit based on the 3D model, and obtaining a first embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point, and the ending point; Among them, the obtaining of the first embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point, and the ending point includes: obtaining the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the ending point; obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference; obtaining the edge coordinate position of the conflict area, obtaining the obstacle avoidance condition according to the edge coordinate position, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first embedded path; the path calculation model is expressed as: ， ； ； ； , ; wherein, is the end point position , is the starting point position , is the x-axis coordinate difference, is the y-axis coordinate difference, is the z-axis coordinate difference, is the path length, is the parametric curve, is the representation of a point on the parametric curve, is the parameter, and are the scale factors, is the tangent vector of a point on the parametric curve; Obtaining a safety distance according to the preset electrical conduit specification, obtaining the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first embedded path, and obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first embedded path to a second embedded path according to the optimization strategy; Generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second embedded path; Marking on the site according to the positioning coordinates to form embedded points, and completing the embedding of the preset electrical conduit according to the embedded points.

2. The positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The obtaining of the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the ending point is expressed as: ， ， 。 3. The positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first embedded path includes: Optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining a parametric curve under the minimum path length; Generating the first embedded path according to the parametric curve.

4. The positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model according to claim 3, wherein, The optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining a parametric curve under the minimum path length includes: ; wherein, is the area surrounded by the edge coordinate positions.

5. The positioning method for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model according to claim 4, characterized in that, The obtaining of the optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first embedded path to a second embedded path according to the optimization strategy includes: Judging whether the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance; If it is less, obtaining the safety difference between the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, optimizing the obstacle avoidance condition according to the safety difference to form a new obstacle avoidance condition, and optimizing the path length according to the new obstacle avoidance condition and generating the second embedded path.

6. A positioning system for embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model, characterized in that, The system includes: A construction module for constructing a 3D model; A path calculation module for obtaining a conflict area based on the 3D model, obtaining the starting point and ending point of the electrical conduit based on the 3D model, and obtaining a first embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point, and the ending point; Among them, the path calculation module is further used for: obtaining the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the ending point; obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference; obtaining the edge coordinate position of the conflict area, obtaining the obstacle avoidance condition according to the edge coordinate position, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first embedded path; the path calculation model is expressed as: ， ； ； ； , ; wherein, is the end point position , is the starting point position , is the x-axis coordinate difference, is the y-axis coordinate difference, is the z-axis coordinate difference, is the path length, is the parametric curve, is the representation of a point on the parametric curve, is the parameter, and are the scale factors, is the tangent vector of a point on the parametric curve; A path optimization module, configured to obtain a safety distance according to a preset electrical conduit specification, obtain a minimum conflict distance between a conflict area and a first embedded path, and obtain an optimization strategy based on the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjust the first embedded path to a second embedded path according to the optimization strategy; A positioning coordinate generation module, configured to generate a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second embedded path.

7. The positioning system for embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model according to claim 6, characterized in that, The path calculation module is further configured to: Optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtain a parametric curve at the minimum path length; Generate a first embedded path according to the parametric curve.

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