Greenhouse breeding system

Abstract

The invention relates to a lighting device and method suitable for greenhouse cultivation. The lighting device is arranged in a greenhouse for mixed cultivation of animals and plants. The carbon dioxide supply structure is used for supplementing gas carbon dioxide or organic carbon fertilizer for the plant area; the light source is used for providing light required by growth of plants; the photosynthetic monitoring unit is provided with a first detection unit for detecting the net photosynthetic rate of the plant and a second detection unit for collecting the leaf area of the plant; and the control unit is in communication connection with the carbon dioxide supply structure, the light source and the photosynthetic monitoring unit. One purpose of the invention is to provide a system for solving carbon starvation of plants. The system comprises an overground carbon quantity detection module and an underground carbon quantity supply module. The control unit can obtain the carbon amount needing to be supplied to the plants by the underground carbon amount supply module based on the total carbon amount demand of plant growth and the carbon conversion amount under the plant photosynthesis detected by the overground carbon amount detection module according to the real-time illumination change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse farming, and in particular to a nutrient ratio system used in a greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] Carbon is the first of the 17 essential nutrients, but for a long time, there has been almost no systematic research on carbon nutrition, especially organic carbon nutrition, which has led to the neglect of crop carbon hunger during plant cultivation. Although crops can obtain carbon from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, the average CO2 concentration in the air is only 330ppm, which is a long way from the optimal concentration of 1000ppm for photosynthetic conversion. Coupled with cloudy, rainy, foggy and haze, and weak sunlight, crops are often in a state of "carbon hunger". In particular, with the rise of chemical plant nutrition in recent years, the focus of attention on plant growth rate and quality improvement has long been on inorganic elements such as N, P, and K. Plants are affected by non-fertilizers (nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, etc.), and the growth rate and development rhythm of plants have been comprehensively improved. Relying solely on photosynthesis of leaves under natural conditions often cannot reach the upper limit of plant growth rate, and may even cause "carbon hunger" in plants.

[0003] Light and carbon dioxide are the two most important factors that limit plant growth, and neither of them is indispensable in photosynthesis. The light reaction process of plants is mainly for carbon fixation, using light energy to convert carbon dioxide in the environment into organic substances such as sugars and store them in their bodies. When the plant light reaction process lacks light energy, although the external carbon dioxide concentration is high, the plant cannot completely absorb and utilize the external carbon dioxide due to limited light energy. At this time, the plant photosynthesis is mainly limited by light energy; and when the carbon dioxide supply in the plant light reaction process is insufficient, although there is enough light energy, the carbon fixation process will also be limited because there is no sufficient substrate for the light reaction. Therefore, in the photosynthesis process of plants, both light energy and substrate need to meet the needs at the same time in order to improve the photosynthesis of plants.

[0004] With the development of organic carbon products, high-yield fertilization technology measures that combine "natural supplementation" and "fertilizer supplementation" have become the top priority of greenhouse cultivation. Organic carbon is already in an organic state and no longer needs to consume light energy. CO2 is converted into an organic state and organic carbon directly enters the subsequent reaction. The natural carbon supplementation pathway that relies on the sky starts from the initial reaction, while organic high-efficiency carbon fertilizer supplementation skips the initial reaction and directly enters the subsequent reaction. The photosynthetic energy consumed in the initial reaction is saved for use in the subsequent reaction. This technology can promote faster growth of crops by opening up new ways to supplement carbon with fertilizers.

[0005] For greenhouse cultivated plants, in pursuit of speed and high efficiency, it is necessary to give full play to the effect of nutrient fertilizers to promote plant growth and maximize the value of nutrient costs. Among them, balanced fertilization for different plant categories is an important technology for high-yield and high-quality crops.

[0006] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] Different from the prior art that discusses the organic effects of various nutrient fertilizers on plants, this application focuses on solving the carbon nutrition problem when applying various nutrient fertilizers, especially the problem that the plants in the current greenhouse cannot meet the carbon required for rapid growth under the ripening effect of nutrient fertilizers by relying solely on photosynthesis of plant leaves.

[0008] One of the purposes of the present application is to propose a system for solving the "carbon hunger" of plants, the system comprising an above-ground carbon detection module and an underground carbon supply module. The control unit can obtain the amount of carbon that the underground carbon supply module needs to supply to the plants based on the total carbon demand for plant growth and the carbon conversion amount under plant photosynthesis detected by the above-ground carbon detection module according to the real-time changes in light.

[0009] One of the purposes of this application is to provide a plant nutrient distribution system.

[0010] One of the purposes of this application is to provide a balanced fertilization system.

[0011] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a carbon dioxide supply system in coordination with plant illumination, the system comprising a control unit. The control unit is configured to: determine the organic carbon balance of the carbon dioxide underground supply structure in the replenishment cycle according to the total carbon required for plant growth and the amount of organic carbon fixed by plant photosynthesis.

[0012] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a nutrient ratio system for a greenhouse, the system comprising a carbon dioxide supply structure, a light source and a photosynthesis monitoring unit. The light source is used to provide the light required for the growth of plants. The carbon dioxide supply structure supplements the plant area with gaseous carbon dioxide or organic carbon fertilizer. The photosynthesis monitoring unit is used to confirm the carbon fixation amount under plant photosynthesis.

[0013] The carbon dioxide supply structure includes an above-ground carbon dioxide supply structure and an underground carbon dioxide supply structure. The photosynthesis monitoring unit includes a first detection unit for detecting the net photosynthetic rate of the plant and a second detection unit for collecting the leaf area of ​​the plant. The system includes a control unit. The control unit is communicatively connected with the carbon dioxide supply structure, the light source, and the photosynthesis monitoring unit.

[0014] The control unit is configured to confirm the amount of organic carbon fixed under plant photosynthesis based on the leaf area collected by the second detection unit, the net photosynthetic rate collected by the first detection unit, and the light intensity, and to confirm the organic carbon balance of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure based on the total carbon required for plant growth.

[0015] Beneficial effects of this technical solution:

[0016] Taking into account the impact of organic carbon intake on plants in the prior art, this application achieves the purpose of accurately supplementing carbon dioxide and organic carbon fertilizers through the above-ground and underground supply methods of the carbon dioxide supply structure. This design optimizes the gas environment and nutrient supply required for plant growth. At the same time, considering the efficiency of chlorophyll in converting organic carbon (carbon dioxide), this application also incorporates the ability of plant roots to absorb organic carbon into the organic carbon evaluation system. By confirming the total amount of carbon required for plant growth, the system can dynamically adjust the organic carbon balance of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure to ensure that the carbon needs of plants at different growth stages are accurately met.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit is configured to: determine the total carbon required for plant growth within a recharge cycle according to the recharge cycle of the carbon dioxide underground supply structure. Preferably, the recharge cycle includes a growth phase covering the accumulation of plant stem, leaf and root biomass and a reproductive phase covering the accumulation of fruit biomass. Preferably, the total carbon required for plant growth in the growth phase recharge cycle is the accumulation of plant stem, leaf and root biomass.

[0018] The replenishment cycle of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure can be divided into at least a growth stage in which the stems, leaves and root biomass of the plants increase and a reproductive stage in which the fruits of the plants increase according to the growth cycle of the plants. According to the plant growth and development time period, the underground carbon dioxide supply structure is divided into at least a growth stage and a reproductive stage. The stems, leaves and root growth of plants in the growth stage will develop rapidly. In this process, the biomass increases rapidly and the demand for carbon sources is high. The fruit biomass of plants in the reproductive stage increases rapidly and the demand for carbon sources is high.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the organic carbon balance per unit time of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure can be obtained according to the length of the plant growth stage.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit is configured to calculate the optimal carbon dioxide concentration of the plant based on the intensity of natural light, the intensity of the light source and the maximum photosynthesis intensity of the plant.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit is configured to: generate the supply of carbon dioxide per unit time of the carbon dioxide ground supply structure in the plant area based on the maximum amount of organic carbon that can be fixed by the aboveground tissue determined in the plant area by acquiring the data of carbon dioxide concentration in the plant area. The control unit is configured to: control the speed of supplying carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide separation structure arranged in the animal area based on the supply of carbon dioxide by the aboveground supply structure of carbon dioxide in the plant area.

[0022] The present application relates to a nutrient ratio system method suitable for greenhouse environments, and the method includes the following steps: determining the irradiation intensity and scanning speed of the light source according to the growth state of the plant, the current ambient light and the light demand of the plant; confirming the optimum carbon dioxide concentration required by the plant according to the irradiation intensity and the photosynthesis rate of the plant; determining the amount of carbon dioxide to be supplemented according to the optimum carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the current illumination area; and calculating and controlling the supply speed of carbon dioxide according to the carbon dioxide concentration at the carbon dioxide supply structure. The method uses a scanning fill light to supplement the light for the plant.

[0023] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a greenhouse farming system, the system comprising a plant area and an animal area that are gaseously connected to each other through a gas exchange component. The gas exchange component comprises a carbon dioxide separation structure disposed in the animal area and a carbon dioxide supply structure disposed in the plant area that are connected to each other, and the carbon dioxide supply structure is arranged to move with the light source in a manner that can specifically supplement carbon dioxide fertilizer to the illuminated area.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a control unit in communication with the carbon dioxide separation structure and the carbon dioxide supply structure. The control unit is configured to: based on the maximum amount of organic carbon that can be fixed by the aboveground tissue determined in the plant area, by acquiring data on the carbon dioxide concentration in the plant area, generate the amount of carbon dioxide supplied per unit time by the aboveground carbon dioxide supply structure set in the plant area, and control the speed of supplying carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide separation structure set in the animal area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a greenhouse including a plant area and an animal area provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3It is a structural module diagram of the nutrient ratio system for a greenhouse provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of an implementation method of a nutrient ratio system for a greenhouse provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a flow chart of another embodiment of the nutrient ratio system for a greenhouse provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lighting device for the plant area provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a partial structural diagram of the lighting device for the plant area provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the lighting device for the plant area provided by the present invention for controlling rotation;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a simplified structural schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide separation structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 This is a flow chart provided by the present invention for determining the ground carbon dioxide concentration in a greenhouse.

[0035] Reference numerals list

[0036] 100: carbon transmission support shaft; 110: air hole; 120: sealing ring; 200: light source; 210: lamp; 211: second motion structure; 212: slide rail; 213: slider; 220: fixing plate; 230: heat dissipation structure; 300: carbon dioxide supply structure; 310: first air outlet; 320: conduit; 330: carbon dioxide ground supply structure; 340: carbon dioxide underground supply structure; 341: flow guide pipe; 342: cultivation grid; 400: carbon dioxide separation structure; 410: air supply unit; 420: air filter unit; 430: pressure permeation membrane; 440: second air inlet; 450: second air outlet; 460: residual air outlet; 500: plant area; 600: animal area; 700: photosynthetic monitoring unit; 710: first detection unit; 720: second detection unit; 800: control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is combined with Figure 1 Provide detailed explanation.

[0038] The present application is applicable to a greenhouse in which the upper layer is set as a plant area 500 and the lower layer is set as an animal area 600. Figure 1As shown, in the greenhouse where animals and plants are mixedly cultured, animals move in the lower animal area 600, and a plant area 500 where plants grow is arranged above the animals. Mixed culture of animals and plants can increase the circulation rate of carbon dioxide and oxygen and reduce the impact of external gases on animals and plants.

[0039] The setting method of the greenhouse combining the animal area 600 and the plant area 500 can form an internal circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the greenhouse. The consumption of carbon dioxide by plants during photosynthesis can reduce the carbon dioxide concentration in the animal area 600 and thus weaken the greenhouse effect, lowering the air temperature in the animal area 600. The oxygen produced by the plants can be supplied to the animals in the animal area 600 for breathing; at the same time, the grown plants can also be used as feed in the animal area 600. This method can reduce the large amount of energy consumption for obtaining oxygen and carbon dioxide from the outside and for cooling, which is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0040] This application is also applicable to plant factories.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment takes a greenhouse in which the upper layer is set as a plant area 500 and the lower layer is set as an animal area 600 as an example to provide relevant equipment details.

[0043] The greenhouse includes a plant area 500 and an animal area 600 that are in gas communication with each other through a gas exchange component. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the gas exchange assembly includes a carbon dioxide separation structure 400 and a carbon dioxide supply structure 300, which are connected to each other and arranged in the animal area 600, and a carbon dioxide supply structure 300, which is arranged in the plant area 500. The carbon dioxide separation structure 400 is arranged above the animal area 600. The carbon dioxide supply structure 300 is arranged in the plant area 500. One of the sources of carbon dioxide for the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 is carbon dioxide in the air of the lower animal area 600. This design method can promote the internal circulation of air between the upper animal area 600 and the lower plant area 500, and preferentially use the carbon dioxide in the lower animal area 600 to supplement the carbon dioxide fertilizer for the upper plant area 500, so as to save energy.

[0044] The carbon dioxide supply structure includes an above-ground carbon dioxide supply structure and an underground carbon dioxide supply structure. The above-ground carbon dioxide supply structure is used to provide organic carbon (such as carbon dioxide) to plant leaves. The underground carbon dioxide supply structure is used to provide organic carbon (such as carbon dioxide) to plant roots.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the carbon dioxide ground supply structure is arranged to move with the movement of the light source 210 in a manner that the carbon dioxide fertilizer can be specifically supplemented to the illuminated area and provided to the plants. The carbon dioxide underground supply structure can be arranged below the plants.

[0046] The plant area 500 and the animal area 600 of the upper and lower layers of the greenhouse are penetrated by a carbon transmission support shaft 100. Figure 2 As shown, a portion of the carbon transmission support shaft 10 is arranged at the same height as the device for providing nutrition to the plant root system. One end of the carbon transmission support shaft 100 located in the animal area 600 is connected to the carbon dioxide separation structure 400. For example: a portion of the carbon transmission support shaft 10 is buried in the soil where plants grow; a portion of the carbon transmission support shaft 10 is wrapped by a nutrient delivery pipeline that provides nutrition to the plant root system. A portion of the carbon transmission support shaft 100 is provided with pores and the area provided with the pores is wrapped by a sealing ring. The sealing ring is connected to the outside through a guide tube.

[0047] Preferably, the flow guide tube can be connected to the nutrient delivery pipeline. When the nutrient solution is delivered to the plant through the nutrient delivery pipeline, the gaseous or liquid carbon dioxide transmitted inside the carbon transmission support shaft flows into the sealing ring through the pores and is further delivered to the plant root system through the flow guide tube. More preferably, one end of the flow guide tube that outputs carbon dioxide can be connected to the bottom of each cultivation grid for cultivating plants.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the system also includes a photosynthesis monitoring unit 700. The photosynthesis monitoring unit 700 is provided with a first detection unit 710 for detecting the net photosynthetic rate of the plant and a second detection unit 720 for collecting the leaf area of ​​the plant. Preferably, the first detection unit 710 can be a photosynthesis meter. The second detection unit 720 can be an image acquisition device, such as a high-definition camera. The first detection unit 710 collects plant images and transmits them to the control unit 800. The control unit 800 obtains the leaf area of ​​the plant based on the leaf features in the image. When the second detection unit 720 is set as a photosynthesis meter, it can directly transmit the data of the net photosynthetic rate of the plant to the control unit 800. The light source 210 can also provide the control unit 800 with data of light intensity for calculating the above-ground and underground organic carbon content required by the plant.

[0049] Preferably, for a plant factory with a transparent roof (a plant factory that can receive sunlight), the light intensity mainly depends on natural light, and the light source 210 is a device for supplementary lighting. Based on this, the system also includes a light sensor (which converts the light intensity value into a voltage value). Figure 4 As shown, the light intensity may include the intensity of natural light and the intensity provided by the light source supplementary light. The light intensity data may be transmitted by the light sensor to the control unit 800. At this time, the control unit 800 is configured to calculate the optimal carbon dioxide concentration of the plant based on the intensity of natural light, the intensity of the light source 200, and the maximum photosynthesis intensity of the plant.

[0050] Preferably, the data collection of light intensity is to confirm the amount of organic carbon fixed by the plant (i.e., the maximum power that chlorophyll can synthesize through photosynthesis). Based on this, this embodiment also provides a program for calculating the amount of organic carbon fixed by the plant, which is suitable for feeding greenhouses or greenhouses where the light system is mature and data collection and processing need to be reduced. Figure 4 As shown, the control unit 800 is configured to calculate the organic carbon fixation of the plant based on the maximum photosynthesis intensity of the plant. In the calculation process, the effect of light on plant growth is ignored, and it is recognized that the plant can maintain the maximum photosynthesis intensity to fix organic carbon.

[0051] The control unit 800 is communicatively connected with the carbon dioxide supply structure 300, the light source 210, and the photosynthetic monitoring unit 700. The control unit 800 may be a remotely-located server, a personal terminal, or other equipment that can perform data processing and command input and output. The control unit 800 may also be a device that can perform data processing and signal transmission and is integrated inside or on the surface of the carbon transmission support shaft 100. The control unit 800 integrated on the carbon transmission support shaft 100 can also be connected to other input terminal signals that can input information. For example: the operator inputs instructions and information in the corresponding app through a mobile phone. The control unit 800 receives the corresponding instructions and information, thereby completing the regulation of the above-ground and underground carbon dioxide supply.

[0052] According to a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, based on the total amount of carbon required for plant growth in a growth stage (for example, the growth cycle of non-heading lettuce is 60-90 days, the transition from the seedling stage to the rosette stage where the biomass growth rate is increased is 15 to 30 days, and the product organ formation period is 20 to 30 days; the biomass required for each growth time is different), the control unit 800 confirms the organic carbon balance and / or confirms the amount of organic carbon fixed under plant photosynthesis. Based on a preset replenishment cycle or according to the growth cycle of the plant at this stage recorded in the historical database, a carbon supply rate for controlling the carbon dioxide supply structure 300 is generated. The carbon supply rate can represent the amount of CO2 required for plant growth in a specific time. The specific time can be different time scales, such as a single hour, a single day or a single week.

[0053] According to a preferred embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the control unit 800 confirms the optimum carbon dioxide concentration required by the plant according to the irradiation light intensity and the photosynthesis rate of the plant, and determines the amount of carbon dioxide to be supplemented according to the optimum carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the current illumination area. A carbon dioxide concentration detection sensor is provided on the conduit 320 between the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 and the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 or at the air outlet of the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330, and the carbon dioxide concentration detection sensor is data-connected with the control unit 800. The control unit 800 calculates and controls the supply speed of the air supply unit 410 in the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 according to the detection value of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and further controls the amount and speed of the carbon dioxide supplied to the illumination area by the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 per unit time.

[0054] According to a preferred embodiment, the carbon content ratio in the tissues of different varieties of plants is usually determined by experimental measurement or based on a historical data table stored in the memory of the control unit 800 (as shown in Table 1). Generally speaking, the carbon content ratio of leaves, stems and roots is supported by certain research data, but may vary depending on the variety and growth environment. Generally speaking, the carbon content of leaves is usually between 40% and 50%; the carbon content of stems is usually between 30% and 45%; and the carbon content of roots is usually between 35% and 50%.

[0055] Table 1

[0056] Stem blade Root system fruit Poaceae 0.45 0.5 0.4 0.55 Cruciferae 0.4 0.45 0.35 0.5 Solanaceae 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.6

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment is a further improvement on Embodiment 1, and the repeated contents will not be repeated here.

[0059] The control unit 800 is configured to:

[0060] The amount of organic carbon fixed by plants is calculated based on the photosynthetic capacity of the plants or the intensity of light supplied to the plants;

[0061] Determine the amount of organic carbon biomass required by plants in a cycle based on the plant growth cycle;

[0062] Confirm the supply of plant belowground organic carbon based on organic carbon biomass and plant organic carbon fixation;

[0063] The carbon dioxide supply rate of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure 340 is controlled according to the supply amount of underground organic carbon of the plants and the growth cycle of the plants.

[0064] The amount of organic carbon fixed in plants can be calculated based on the photosynthetic capacity of the plants or the light intensity provided to the plants. For example, the control unit 800 can calculate the amount of fixed organic carbon (such as carbon dioxide) according to the law of photosynthesis and other reactions, as shown in formula (1). The control unit 800 can divide it into carbon fixed amounts in multiple time periods:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, t1 and t2 are the start and end time of the time period; n (I(t),t) is the net photosynthetic rate (μmol CO2 / m 2 / s); A(t) is the change of leaf area over time (m 2 ); f is the conversion factor, usually based on the conversion of molar masses, converting fixed CO2 to organic carbon.

[0067] According to the plant growth cycle, the organic carbon biomass required by the plant in a cycle is determined, for example, by the control unit 800 calculating the total carbon required for plant growth in segments according to time, as shown in formula (2):

[0068]

[0069] Among them, W 组织i (t) is the change in biomass of the ith tissue over time (g); C 含量i is the carbon content ratio in the ith tissue.

[0070] The supply of underground organic carbon of plants is confirmed based on the fixed amount of organic carbon biomass and plant organic carbon. For example, the control unit 800 calculates the organic carbon balance by comparing the fixed organic carbon amount in a specific time period with the total carbon amount required for plant growth, as shown in formula (3):

[0071] C 平衡 (t) = C 固 (t)-C 总 (t)…(3).

[0072] When the organic carbon balance [C 平衡 (t)] is a negative value, indicating that the amount of organic carbon that needs to be replenished [C 补给 (t)], see formula (4):

[0073] [C 补给 (t)=max(0,-C 平衡 (t))…(4).

[0074] According to the supply of underground organic carbon of plants and the growth cycle of plants, the carbon dioxide supply rate of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure 340 is controlled, for example, by the control unit 800 obtaining the carbon dioxide supply rate of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure 340 through the supply of underground organic carbon of plants and the time length of the growth cycle. The carbon dioxide supply rate is, for example, a daily carbon supply rate, an hourly carbon supply rate, or a weekly carbon supply rate.

[0075] Taking corn as an example, the net photosynthetic rate P n (I(t),t), where k = 0.3 is a constant representing light utilization efficiency, and light intensity I(t) = 100 + 10t μmol photons / m 2 / s, leaf area A(t) = 0.05 + 0.01 tm 2 , from t1 = 0 to t2 = 10 hours, the fixed organic carbon content is calculated as follows:

[0076] c 固 (t) = ∫0 10 0.3×(100+10t)×(0.05+0.01t)×0.27dt

[0077]

[0078] Based on the operator's input, it is confirmed that the total carbon calculation during the plant growth stage needs to consider the biomass of leaf tissue and stem tissue. The biomass growth rate and carbon content of each tissue are as follows:

[0079] Leaf tissue: C 含量，叶片 =0.45,

[0080] Stem tissue: C 含量，茎干 =0.35.

[0081] According to the above calculation results, it can be known that the total carbon demand of plants during the growth stage is:

[0082] C 总 (t) = ∫0 10 (0.2×0.45+0.1×0.35)dt

[0083] =∫0 10 (0.09+0.035)dt

[0084] =∫0 10 0.125dt

[0085] =0.125×10

[0086] = 1.25 g of carbon.

[0087] Convert this to μmol CO2 (assuming 1g carbon ≈ 83.33 μmol CO2):

[0088] C 总 (t) = 1.25 × 83.33

[0089] =104.1625μmol CO2.

[0090] Therefore, the balance of organic carbon during the plant growth phase is:

[0091] C 平衡 (t) = 37.125-104.1625

[0092] =-67.0375μmol CO2.

[0093] Since the value is negative, it indicates that the carbon dioxide underground supply structure 340 needs to supplement organic carbon. The balance amount of organic carbon supplemented by the carbon dioxide underground supply structure 340 is:

[0094] c 补给 (t)=max(0,-c 平衡 (t))

[0095] =67.0375μmol CO2.

[0096] According to the length of time the corn grows during the growth phase (confirmed by the operator through input information or historical data tables, for example, 60 days here), the underground carbon dioxide supply structure 340 can provide 11 μmol CO2 per day under the control of the control unit 800.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] This embodiment also improves the lighting device in the greenhouse.

[0099] Plants absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis. Since the gas composition of the greenhouse is regulated according to the gas demand of the macro environment, a carbon dioxide concentration detector is set in the macro environment. The controller chooses to add carbon dioxide or ventilate the greenhouse based on the difference between the detection value of the concentration detector and the set threshold. However, there are illuminated areas in the macro environment that are being illuminated by the high-intensity light source 210 and non-illuminated areas that are not illuminated by the high-intensity light source 210. The two areas are affected by plant photosynthesis and require different optimal carbon dioxide concentrations.

[0100] When carbon dioxide is regulated in the large environment based on the optimal concentration required by plants in the un-irradiated areas, since the plant area being illuminated by the high-intensity light source 210 consumes carbon dioxide at a fast rate, the carbon dioxide concentration in the surrounding plant areas not illuminated by the high-intensity light source 210 will move toward the illuminated area. Due to the relatively closed environment of the greenhouse (windless state), the overall carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse will decrease, triggering the carbon dioxide replenishment device in the large environment to start replenishing carbon dioxide into the large environment.

[0101] When the rate of replenishing carbon dioxide is lower than the rate of consumption in the illuminated area, the carbon dioxide concentrations in both the non-illuminated area and the area receiving light in the greenhouse cannot meet the optimal carbon dioxide concentration requirements.

[0102] When the rate of replenishing carbon dioxide is equal to the rate of carbon dioxide in the plant area illuminated by the high-intensity light source 210, the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment remains at the optimal carbon dioxide concentration in the non-illuminated area, while the plants in the illuminated area still fail to reach the optimal carbon dioxide concentration, and the plants in the illuminated area are still subject to carbon dioxide limitations.

[0103] When the rate of replenishing carbon dioxide is greater than the rate of consuming carbon dioxide in the illuminated area, the carbon dioxide concentration of plants in the non-illuminated area exceeds their optimal carbon dioxide concentration, which will affect the growth of plants in the non-illuminated area.

[0104] Therefore, the gas concentration regulation in the macro-environment cannot meet the precise air demand of a small area, which limits the plants’ ability to fully absorb light energy for photosynthesis or limits the accumulation of major nutrients such as sugars in the plants.

[0105] This embodiment provides a lighting device suitable for greenhouse farming. The lighting device is particularly suitable for use in greenhouses where animals and plants are mixed. Figure 1 and 6 As shown, the lighting device includes a light source 210 for lighting, and the light source 210 can be set as a light source 210 that can rotate around the carbon transmission support shaft 100. Preferably, the light source 210 is a high-intensity narrow-band light source 210. The lighting device is arranged above the plant area 500. The lighting device rotates circumferentially along the carbon transmission support shaft 100 to scan and illuminate plants in different areas. Preferably, the plant area 500 is adapted to the lighting device being set as a ring-shaped plant area 500, and the plant area 500 can receive high-intensity light irradiation based on the rotation of the carbon transmission support shaft 100.

[0106] Research has found that short-term high-intensity light irradiation is more effective in promoting plant growth than long-term low-intensity light irradiation. The scanning light source 210 can not only save the installation cost of the light source 210 compared to the existing fully fixed light source 210, but its short-term irradiation working mode also enables it to be moved to various areas to provide high-intensity light irradiation for plants in different areas, thereby meeting the growth needs of plants in various areas.

[0107] According to a preferred embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the lighting device includes a heat dissipation structure 230, a first motion structure, a fixing plate 220 and a lamp 210. The lamp 210 is arranged on the fixing plate 220. The fixing plate 220 is connected to the first motion structure so as to carry the lamp 210 to rotate along with the carbon transmission support shaft 100. The heat dissipation structure 230 is arranged on the back of the fixing plate 220 where the lamp 210 is not arranged. This design can quickly disperse the heat generated by the lamp 210 arranged on the front of the fixing plate 220, maintain the working stability of the lamp 210 and extend the service life of the lamp 210.

[0108] According to a preferred embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 is arranged near the fixed plate 220 and connected to the same carbon transmission support shaft 100 as the fixed plate 220, so that the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 moves with the fixed plate 220 to specifically supplement carbon dioxide to the plant area 500 receiving high-intensity light irradiation. Preferably, the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 has a first air outlet 310, and the first air outlet 310 faces the heat dissipation structure 230. This design can speed up the flow rate around the heat dissipation structure 230, and at the same time speed up the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation structure 230 while supplementing carbon dioxide fertilizer for the regional plants, thereby extending the service life of the lamp 210.

[0109] The benefits of such a setting are: in conjunction with the movement of the lamp 210, carbon dioxide fertilizer is specifically supplemented for the plant area 500 that receives strong light irradiation, thereby removing the limitation on the photosynthesis efficiency of plants caused by insufficient carbon dioxide concentration in the high-intensity light area, and assisting in improving the light utilization rate of plants in the plant area 500 that receive high-intensity light irradiation, thereby improving the growth-promoting efficiency of high-intensity light, shortening the growth cycle of plants, and increasing production capacity; at the same time, it can reduce the waste of light energy and electrical energy and increase production returns.

[0110] According to a preferred embodiment, Fig. 9As shown, the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 includes an air supply unit 410, an air filter unit 420 and a reactor. A pressure permeable membrane 430 is arranged in the reactor. The pressure permeable membrane 430 separates carbon dioxide from the air and sends it into the carbon dioxide collection chamber, and then guides it to the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330. Carbon dioxide is extracted into the carbon dioxide separation structure based on the air supply unit 410, and the carbon dioxide and air are separated after passing through the pressure permeable membrane 430. The separated carbon dioxide moves to the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 based on the pressure provided by the air supply unit 410 and is output to the light receiving area. Preferably, the pressure permeable membrane 430 is a carbon dioxide separation membrane. The carbon dioxide separation membrane is a commonly used pressure permeable membrane, which has various models, mature manufacturing process research, and low cost.

[0111] Because the respiration intensity of plants is different in different growth stages and different light cycles of a day, the required optimal carbon dioxide concentration continues to change. Too low carbon dioxide concentration will limit the photosynthesis of plants, while too high carbon dioxide concentration will cause the stomata of plants to close and the protoplasm to be destroyed, both of which are not conducive to plant growth.

[0112] According to a preferred embodiment, the air supply unit 410 is, for example, a fan, and the speed of supplying carbon dioxide at the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 can be controlled by controlling the speed of the fan, and then the amount of carbon dioxide supplied at the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 is adjusted according to the growth status of the plant and the received light intensity to maintain the carbon dioxide concentration of the plant in the light area at the optimal carbon dioxide concentration. Fig.10 As shown, the control unit 800 is configured to: determine the irradiation light intensity and / or scanning speed of the light source 210 according to the growth status of the plant, the current ambient light and the light demand of the plant; confirm the optimal carbon dioxide concentration required by the plant according to the irradiation light intensity and the photosynthesis rate of the plant; determine the amount of carbon dioxide that needs to be supplemented according to the optimal carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the current illumination area; calculate and control the supply speed of carbon dioxide according to the carbon dioxide concentration at the carbon dioxide supply structure 300.

[0113] Adjusting the wind speed of the air supply unit can adjust the pressure of the air in the animal area 600 entering the carbon dioxide separation structure 400, thereby increasing the pressure in the reactor, and increasing the rate at which carbon dioxide passes through the pressure permeable membrane 430. Reducing the wind speed can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide delivered to the illumination area, and flexibly adjust the amount of carbon dioxide supplemented in the illumination area. Preferably, the carbon transmission support shaft 100 extends above the animal area 600, and the connection between the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 and the carbon transmission support shaft 100 can reduce the laying for setting the carbon dioxide separation structure 400. Since the carbon transmission support shaft 100 is arranged at the center of the plant surrounding it, the distance between the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 and the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 is the shortest, and the pressure loss along the pipeline is small. The connecting pipeline of the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 and the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 can be laid along the carbon transmission support shaft 100, and rotate with the carbon transmission support shaft 100, which is more convenient to use.

[0114] According to a preferred embodiment, the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 is connected to the carbon transmission support shaft 100 and is located in the animal area 600 below the plant area 500. Fig. 9 As shown, the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 includes a second air inlet 440, a second air outlet 450 and a residual gas outlet 460. The air in the animal area 600 enters the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 through the second air inlet 440, and after being separated by the pressure permeation membrane 430, the separated carbon dioxide is transported to the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 through the second air outlet 450.

[0115] According to a preferred embodiment, a conduit 320 is provided in the carbon transmission support shaft 100, connecting the carbon dioxide separation structure 400 below the plant area 500 and the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 above the plant area 500. One end of the conduit 320 is connected to the second air outlet 450 of the carbon dioxide separation structure 400, so that the carbon dioxide output from the second air outlet 450 enters the conduit 320; the other end of the conduit 320 is connected to the first air inlet of the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330, and the carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 through the conduit 320 and is output from the first air outlet 310 of the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330, so as to supply carbon dioxide fertilizer to the plants in the local area illuminated by the light source 210, and at the same time assist the light source 210 in dissipating heat. Preferably, the carbon dioxide output from the first air outlet 310 can first pass through the heat dissipation part 230 of the light source 210. The flowing air accelerates the heat dissipation of the heat dissipation part and assists the light source 210 in dissipating heat. At the same time, after being blocked by the heat dissipation structure 230, the air is evenly output around the illuminated area, making the carbon dioxide output more accurate and uniform, which helps the carbon dioxide to quickly reach the plants to be absorbed and utilized. The heat carried by the carbon dioxide airflow can also be used by the plants.

[0116] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of threaded blades are provided on the carbon transmission support shaft 100. During the rotation of the carbon transmission support shaft 100, the threaded blades are driven to rotate, which can drive the air in the animal area 600 below to flow upward, and then flow in the plant area 500 under the action of the air outlet for use by the plants.

[0117] According to a preferred embodiment, during the day, the plant area 500 can use the light in nature to photosynthesize, and the light adjustment of the lighting device is determined based on the intensity of natural light, the growth status, growth stage, vitality, photoperiod of the plants, and the carbon dioxide concentration output from the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330. Preferably, the carbon dioxide concentration output from the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 can be determined based on the total respiration intensity of the animals and the area of ​​the greenhouse. Conversely, the types and quantity ratios of animals and plants can also be determined based on the height and area of ​​the greenhouse and the optimal carbon dioxide concentration required at the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330.

[0118] Preferably, the carbon transmission support shaft 100 is connected to the ceiling of the greenhouse. The carbon transmission support shaft 100 provides support for the movement of the light source 210. Preferably, the first motion structure is movably connected to the carbon transmission support shaft 100. The first motion structure can drive the light source 210 to move in the direction of the central axis of the carbon transmission support shaft 100 to adjust the relative distance between the light source 210 and the plant. According to the different growth cycles and growth states of the plants, the light source 210 is selectively raised or lowered to change the illumination range and illumination intensity of the light source 210.

[0119] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of lamps 210 are arranged in an array on a fixed plate 220, and a lamp 210 can move around one or more plants to change the irradiation angle to simulate the change of sunlight. Figure 8 As shown, the lamp 210 is connected to the fixing plate 220 via a second motion structure 211, and the second motion structure 211 is configured as an inverted semi-circular shape. Preferably, the second motion structure includes a slide rail 212 and a slider 213 that cooperates with the slide rail 212 and can move along the slide rail 212. The lamp 210 is connected to the slider 213, and the slider 213 can move around the semi-circular slide rail 212 based on the slider driving the slider to change the relative position with the plant and change the irradiation angle.

[0120] According to a preferred embodiment, in order to facilitate flexible adjustment according to actual conditions, a spare carbon dioxide separation device is also provided outside the greenhouse, which is connected to the carbon dioxide ground supply structure 330 through a conduit 320 and is turned on and used when necessary. For example, it can be turned on and used when the animals in the greenhouse are sold or replaced in batches.

[0121] According to a preferred embodiment, the lighting device is also data-connected to the control unit 800. The control unit 800 can determine the irradiation intensity and scanning speed of the light source 210 according to the growth status of the plant, the current ambient light and the light demand of the plant.

[0122] On the other hand, the present embodiment also provides a lighting method suitable for greenhouse farming, comprising the following steps: the control unit 800 determines the irradiation light intensity and scanning speed of the light source 210 according to the growth state of the plant, the current ambient light and the light demand of the plant; confirms the optimal carbon dioxide concentration required by the plant according to the irradiation light intensity and the photosynthesis rate of the plant; determines the amount of carbon dioxide to be supplemented according to the optimal carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration of the current illumination area; calculates and controls the supply speed of carbon dioxide according to the carbon dioxide concentration at the carbon dioxide supply structure. The supplemented carbon dioxide concentration is at least equal to the carbon dioxide content consumed by the photosynthesis rate of the plant. Preferably, the light demand is the light intensity at the light saturation point of the plant under the ambient temperature and ambient humidity. The irradiation light provided by the light source 210 is at least equal to the light demand minus the ambient light intensity. The growth state of the plant is such as the chlorophyll content of the plant leaves, the total amount and proportion of mature leaves and tender leaves, and the growth period of the plant. Different growth states of the plant affect the light saturation point of the plant. The optimal carbon dioxide concentration is the amount of the carbon dioxide saturation point of the plant under the light intensity.

[0123] Preferably, the calculation method of the carbon dioxide supply rate is: carbon dioxide supply flow rate = (photosynthetic rate x leaf area) ÷ (carbon dioxide concentration at the supply structure x outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the carbon dioxide supply structure).

[0124] Preferably, the photosynthetic rate of the plant is determined according to the light intensity and the growth state of the plant (e.g., the chlorophyll content of the plant leaves, the total amount and ratio of mature leaves and tender leaves, and the growth period of the plant). Studies have shown that the photosynthetic rate of an incompletely expanded leaf is only 80% of that of a fully expanded leaf when the leaf is 60% expanded.

[0125] The benefits of this setup are:

[0126] Targeted supplementation of the carbon dioxide concentration required in the current illuminated area can reduce the fluctuation of carbon dioxide concentration in the surrounding non-illuminated areas caused by the excessive consumption of carbon dioxide in the illuminated area; coordinated with the carbon dioxide concentration control of the overall greenhouse environment, it can simultaneously ensure that the carbon dioxide concentration in the non-illuminated area and the carbon dioxide concentration in the illuminated area are both under the conditions of the optimal carbon dioxide concentration, thereby promoting plant growth and removing the restrictions on photosynthesis of plants in the illuminated area.

[0127] It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present invention specification contains multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably" and "according to a preferred embodiment", both of which indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application based on each inventive concept. Throughout the text, the features guided by "preferably" are only an optional method and should not be understood as being required. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A nutrient ratio system for a greenhouse, comprising: A carbon dioxide supply structure (300) supplies gaseous carbon dioxide or organic carbon fertilizer to the plant area (500); A light source (200) is used to provide light required for plant growth; A photosynthesis monitoring unit (700) is provided with a first detection unit (710) for detecting the net photosynthesis rate of a plant and a second detection unit (720) for collecting the leaf area of ​​the plant; and A control unit (800) communicatively connected to a carbon dioxide supply structure (300), a light source (200), and a photosynthesis monitoring unit (700), characterized in that: The carbon dioxide supply structure (300) is provided with a carbon dioxide ground supply structure (330) for replenishing gaseous carbon dioxide for the plant area (500) and a carbon dioxide underground supply structure (340) for providing organic carbon fertilizer for plants, wherein: The control unit (800) is configured to: The amount of organic carbon fixed by plant photosynthesis is confirmed based on the leaf area collected by the second detection unit (720), the net photosynthetic rate collected by the first detection unit (710), and the light intensity, and the organic carbon balance of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure (340) is confirmed based on the total carbon required for plant growth.

2. The nutrient ratio system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (800) is configured to: According to the replenishment cycle of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure (340), the total carbon amount required for plant growth within one replenishment cycle is determined.

3. The nutrient ratio system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The replenishment cycle includes a growth phase covering the accumulation of plant stem, leaf and root biomass and a reproductive phase covering the accumulation of fruit biomass.

4. The nutrient ratio system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The total carbon required for the growth of the plant in the growth phase replenishment cycle is the accumulation of plant stem, leaf and root biomass.

5. The nutrient ratio system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The control unit (800) is configured to generate the supply of carbon dioxide per unit time of the carbon dioxide ground supply structure (330) by acquiring data on carbon dioxide concentration in the plant area (500) based on the determined maximum amount of organic carbon fixed by the aboveground tissue.

6. The nutrient ratio system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The organic carbon balance per unit time of the underground carbon dioxide supply structure (340) can be obtained according to the time length required for the plant growth stage.

7. The nutrient ratio system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control unit (800) is further configured to calculate the optimal carbon dioxide concentration of the plant based on the intensity of natural light, the intensity of the light source (200) and the maximum photosynthesis intensity of the plant.

8. A nutrient ratio system method suitable for greenhouse environment, characterized in that: Use scanning fill light to fill light for plants. The method comprises the following steps: determining the irradiation intensity and scanning speed of the light source (200) according to the growth state of the plant, the current ambient light and the light demand of the plant; Determine the optimal carbon dioxide concentration required by plants based on the irradiation light intensity and the photosynthesis rate of the plants; Determine the amount of carbon dioxide that needs to be supplemented based on the optimal carbon dioxide concentration and the current carbon dioxide concentration in the light area; The supply rate of carbon dioxide is calculated and controlled according to the carbon dioxide concentration at the carbon dioxide supply structure (300).

9. A greenhouse farming system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plant area (500) and an animal area (600) which are gas-connected to each other via a gas exchange component. The gas exchange component comprises a carbon dioxide separation structure (400) which is connected to each other and is arranged in the animal area (600) and a carbon dioxide supply structure (300) which is arranged in the plant area (500). The carbon dioxide supply structure (300) is arranged to move with a light source (200) in a manner that can specifically supplement carbon dioxide fertilizer to the illuminated area.

10. The greenhouse farming system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The system further comprises a control unit (800) in communication with the carbon dioxide separation structure (400) and the carbon dioxide supply structure (300), wherein the control unit (800) is configured as follows: Based on the maximum amount of organic carbon that can be fixed by the aboveground tissue determined in the plant zone (500), by acquiring data on the carbon dioxide concentration in the plant zone (500), the amount of carbon dioxide supplied per unit time by the aboveground carbon dioxide supply structure (330) arranged in the plant zone (500) is generated, and the speed at which carbon dioxide is supplied by the carbon dioxide separation structure (400) arranged in the animal zone (600) is controlled.

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