Adjustable femoral neck fracture screw placement guider

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable femoral neck fracture screw placement guider, and belongs to the technical field of fracture screw placement guiders, the adjustable femoral neck fracture screw placement guider comprises two forceps handles and a supporting clamp, the two forceps handles are crossed to form an X shape, and the crossed position of the two forceps handles is connected to the middle of the front end of the supporting clamp through a shaft; a limiting mechanism used for self-limiting the clamp handle is further arranged between the clamp handle and the supporting clamp, and a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the supporting clamp. The thighbone guider can be directly clamped and fixed on the thighbone without manual holding, in addition, after the guider is clamped and fixed on the thighbone, tissues from skin to the thighbone can be expanded, then the guider can be conveniently and rapidly operated by a single person, the vertical height, the front-back position and the guide needle direction of a guide needle inlet point can be randomly adjusted at the same time, and the operation is convenient. And the problem that the conventional guider can only adjust the fixed angle is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of femoral neck fracture nail placement guides, in particular to an adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide. Background Art

[0002] Femoral neck fracture is a common fracture of the lower limb. For most young and middle-aged patients with femoral neck fracture, internal fixation surgery is often the preferred treatment option unless there are absolute contraindications. Commonly used internal fixation methods include hollow compression screws, femoral neck dynamic cross nail system (femoral neck system, FNS) and compound compression internal fixation system (compound internal fixation system). In recent years, hollow screw fixation has a high risk of postoperative broken and withdrawn nails, or serious complications such as avascular necrosis of the femoral head, delayed fracture union, and malunion. More clinicians choose to use FNS or CCS for fracture internal fixation. Both FNS and CCS are composed of a head and neck main nail, an anti-rotation nail with a 5° angle to the main nail, and an outer fixation plate with a 130° angle to the main nail. Before nail placement, both internal fixation systems need to drill a guide pin from the outside of the femur to the femoral head along the femoral neck to guide the subsequent implantation of the main nail. The position of this guide pin is required to be located in the middle of the femoral head and neck in both the anteroposterior and lateral perspective films. Its precise placement is the key to the success of subsequent surgery. The insertion of the guide needle often requires a guide with a fixed angle. Currently, most of the widely used guide needle guides are handheld single-channel guides supported on the lateral cortex of the femur corresponding to the lesser trochanter. Some are porous honeycomb-shaped, but they have the following disadvantages: 1. The handheld type requires one hand to hold the guide tightly. Under the restriction of skin, iliotibial band and vastus lateralis tendon, it requires a lot of force to hold it. In addition, the guide is easy to slide on the smooth bone surface and is difficult to hold stably. 2. After inserting the guide needle, if the position is not satisfactory under fluoroscopy, adjust the direction and reinsert the guide needle. At this time, it takes rich clinical experience to move the guide in three dimensions: the upper and lower height, the front and back position, and the direction of the guide needle. Otherwise, it takes repeated fluoroscopy and repeated adjustments to reach the predetermined position, which increases surgical trauma and is time-consuming and laborious. 3. The skin and subcutaneous soft tissue of overweight and obese patients are thicker, and the incision often needs to be enlarged and the bone surface can be exposed with the help of an assistant, making it difficult to achieve minimally invasive surgery and the convenience of single-person operation; 4. The honeycomb porous guide is difficult to adjust at any angle because of its fixed angle direction; Therefore, an adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology that the existing guide requires a large force to hold and is difficult to maintain stability, the guide needle needs to be fluoroscopically examined multiple times and the guide needle needs to be repeatedly drilled and adjusted to reach the predetermined position, it cannot be operated by one person and cannot be adjusted to any angle.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide comprises a clamp handle and a support clamp, wherein the two clamp handles are arranged in an X shape, and the intersection position axis of the two clamp handles is connected to the middle part of the front end of the support clamp, and a limiting mechanism for self-limiting the clamp handles is also arranged between the clamp handles and the support clamp, the upper surface of the support clamp is fixedly connected to a mounting frame, and the mounting frame is provided with a lateral adjustment mechanism for adjusting the lateral position of the folding nail, the mounting frame is also provided with a longitudinal adjustment mechanism for adjusting the longitudinal height position of the folding nail, and the lateral adjustment mechanism is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the horizontal angle of the folding nail.

[0005] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a supporting inclined plate and a torsion spring, and there are two supporting inclined plates, and the two supporting inclined plates are arranged in an eight-shaped shape on the inner side of the rear end of the supporting clamp, each of the supporting inclined plates is fixedly connected to a supporting tube, and the inner side of the supporting tube is connected to the outer side of the connecting tube through a ratchet assembly, the end bearing of the connecting tube arranged on the outside of the supporting tube passes through the corresponding supporting arm, and the end of the connecting tube arranged on the outside of the supporting tube is threadedly connected with a pull rod, the two pull rod ends arranged on the outside of the connecting tube are connected by a pull rope, and a torsion spring is arranged between the end of the pull rod extending into the inside of the connecting tube and the inner top end of the connecting tube, and the outer side of the end of the supporting arm away from the connecting tube and the corresponding side of the pliers handle are respectively axially connected to the two ends of the connecting arm.

[0006] Preferably, the ratchet assembly is composed of two groups of mutually meshing arc-shaped right-angle teeth, which are used for the connecting tube so that the connecting tube can only move toward the outside of the support tube, and the arc angle of the right-angle teeth is not greater than 60°, so that the two groups of mutually meshing arc-shaped teeth can be disconnected after the connecting tube is rotated by an angle greater than 60°.

[0007] Preferably, the outer side of the pull rod and the inner side of the connecting pipe are provided with mutually matching twist threads for driving the connecting pipe to rotate through the movement of the pull rod.

[0008] Preferably, torsion springs are also provided on the shafts connecting the two ends of the connecting arm to the support arm and the clamp handle, so as to automatically reset the connecting arm.

[0009] The cam is an axially extending tube which is provided with a plurality of guide wheels, and the guide wheels are connected to the rear end of the mounting bracket, wherein the guide wheels are connected to the rear end of the mounting bracket and the rear end of the mounting bracket is connected to the plurality of guide wheels.

[0010] Preferably, the longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes a screw rod, a support rod, a limiting slide groove and a limiting slider, the screw rod bearing passes through the rear end of the mounting frame, and the screw rod is arranged under the mounting tube, the outer side of the screw rod is threadedly connected with two threaded sleeves, and each threaded sleeve and the lower outer surface of the mounting tube are respectively axially connected between the two ends of the support rod, and the two support rods are also distributed in an eight-shaped shape, the limiting slide groove is arranged at the rear end of the mounting frame, and the limiting slide groove passes through both sides of the mounting frame, the limiting slider is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove, and the limiting slider is arranged at both ends of the mounting tube, and the two limiting sliders are respectively penetrated by the bearings at both ends of the mounting tube.

[0011] Preferably, distance dials are provided at corresponding positions of the screw rod 1 and the end of the screw rod, and the two distance dials are respectively fixed to the outer side of one of the two limit sliders and the outer side surface of the mounting frame.

[0012] Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate and a follower rod, the lower surface of the connecting plate is provided with two mounting plates, and a screw rod 2 is passed through the bearing between the mounting plates, and two threaded sleeves 2 are provided on the screw rod 2, the rotating shaft bearing of the linkage block passes through the lower side of the connecting plate, and the lower end of the rotating shaft of the linkage block is coaxially fixedly connected with a follower plate, the lower surface of the follower plate and the lower surface of the threaded sleeve 2 are both provided with a follower rod, and the follower rods on the same side of the follower plate and the threaded sleeve 2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding swing arms by bearings, the two swing arms are arranged parallel to each other, and one end of the screw rod 2 movably extends into the rotating One end of the adjusting rod is provided, and the end portion of the screw rod 2 connected to the rotating adjusting rod is a prismatic structure, and a prismatic groove is provided at the portion where the rotating adjusting rod is connected to the screw rod 2, the prismatic structure and the prismatic groove match and fit each other, the middle bearing of the rotating adjusting rod passes through the reinforcing frame setting, and the reinforcing frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate, the rotating adjusting rod movably passes through the area between the two supporting rods, the side surface of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the angle dial through the support shaft, and the angle dial is provided above the linkage block, and a pointing needle is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the linkage block, and the pointing needle bearing passes through the angle dial setting.

[0013] Preferably, both the screw rod 1 and the screw rod 2 are provided with threads at both ends, and the threads at both ends are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular midline of the screw rod 1 and the screw rod 2.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide can be directly clamped and fixed on the femur without manual holding; in addition, after the guide is clamped and fixed on the femur, the tissue from the skin to the femur will be stretched open, so that it can be easily operated by one person; and the three dimensions of the upper and lower height, the front and rear position and the guide direction of the needle insertion point can be adjusted at the same time, and the angle can be adjusted arbitrarily, avoiding the previous guide that can only adjust a fixed angle: 1. The guide can be clamped on the femur by the clamp handle. During the clamping process, the tail ends of the clamp handles are close to each other, which will squeeze the connecting arm, so that the support arm drives the connecting tube to move outside the support tube. The ratchet assembly can limit the reverse movement of the connecting tube, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamp handle clamping the femur, which is conducive to freeing both hands. In addition, when it is necessary to loosen the femur, the pull rope can be pulled horizontally to drive the pull rod to move, so that the connecting tube rotates, thereby completely dislocating the arc-shaped right-angle teeth on the ratchet assembly, and then the clamp handle and the support arm are reset under the reset action of the connecting arm; 2. The shape of the tail end of the forceps handle can stretch the tissue from the skin to the femur, making it convenient for doctors to operate alone; 3. By rotating the screw rod 1, the screw rod and the screw rod 2, the up and down height, front and back position and horizontal direction of the guide tube can be adjusted respectively, and then the up and down height, front and back position and horizontal direction of the guide needle inserted into the femur from the guide tube can be adjusted, which is conducive to the doctor to quickly adjust at the same time; 4. The follower plate can be rotated by rotating the second screw rod, and then the rotation angle of the linkage block connected thereto can be adjusted, which helps to change the direction of the guide tube. Then, the direction of the guide tube can be adjusted arbitrarily while ensuring that the angle between the guide tube and the longitudinal axis of the femoral shaft is 130°, without being restricted by a fixed adjustment angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of point A; Figure 4 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support clamp and the support tube of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting pipe and the sleeve frame of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the screw rod 1 and the mounting tube of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotary adjustment rod and the linkage block of the present invention; Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0016] In the figure: 1, pliers handle; 2, support clamp; 3, mounting frame; 4, connecting arm; 5, supporting arm; 6, pull rope; 7, supporting inclined plate; 8, supporting tube; 9, ratchet assembly; 10, connecting tube; 11, pull rod; 12, torsion spring; 13, rotating adjustment rod; 14, guide tube; 15, screw rod 1; 16, threaded sleeve 1; 17, support rod; 18, mounting tube; 19, screw rod; 20, supporting plate; 21, strip through hole; 22 1. Limiting groove; 23. Limiting slider; 24. Distance dial; 25. Displacement groove; 26. Sleeve; 27. Follow-up block; 28. Linkage block; 29. ​​Sliding plate; 30. Limiting through groove; 31. Displacement block; 32. Angle dial; 33. Connecting plate; 34. Swing arm; 35. Reinforcement frame; 36. Support shaft; 37. Mounting plate; 38. Screw rod 2; 39. Threaded sleeve 2; 40. Follow-up plate; 41. Follow-up rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Embodiment 1: In order to solve the problem that the guide device needs to be manually held and is difficult to hold stably, the following technical solution is provided, specifically, an adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide, including a clamp handle 1 and a support clamp 2, the two clamp handles 1 are arranged in an X shape, and the intersection axis of the two clamp handles 1 is connected to the middle part of the front end of the support clamp 2, and a limiting mechanism for self-limiting the clamp handle 1 is also provided between the clamp handle 1 and the support clamp 2.

[0019] The limiting mechanism includes a supporting inclined plate 7 and a torsion spring 12. There are two supporting inclined plates 7, and the two supporting inclined plates 7 are arranged in an eight-shaped manner on the inner side of the rear end of the supporting clamp 2. A supporting tube 8 is fixedly connected to each supporting inclined plate 7, and the inner side of the supporting tube 8 is connected to the outer side of the connecting tube 10 through a ratchet assembly 9. The end bearing of the connecting tube 10 arranged outside the supporting tube 8 penetrates the corresponding supporting arm 5, and the end of the connecting tube 10 arranged outside the supporting tube 8 is threadedly connected with a pull rod 11. The ends of the two pull rods 11 arranged outside the connecting tube 10 are connected by a pull rope 6, and the pull rod 11 extends into the inside of the connecting tube 10. A torsion spring 12 is arranged between the end portion and the inner top end of the connecting tube 10, and the outer side of the end portion of the support arm 5 away from the connecting tube 10 and the corresponding side surface of the pliers handle 1 are respectively axially connected to the two ends of the connecting arm 4. When in use, the pliers mouth end of the pliers handle 1 is clamped on the femur at the lower edge of the lesser trochanter, and it is ensured that the upper surface of the pliers mouth does not exceed the horizontal lower edge of the lesser trochanter. After the guide is clamped on the femur, the front end of the mounting frame 3 will be close to the lower edge of the greater trochanter at the upper end of the femur. In the process of clamping the pliers handle 1 on the femur, the tail ends of the pliers handle 1 are close to each other, which will cause the connecting arm 4 to be squeezed, thereby pushing the support arm 5 to move. When the support arm 5 moves, the connecting tube connected to it 10 will move synchronously, thereby making the connecting tube 10 move outward relative to the supporting tube 8. In this process, the ratchet assembly 9 can prevent the connecting tube 10 from moving in the opposite direction, thereby ensuring that the clamp handle 1 is stably clamped on the femur. When the femur needs to be loosened, the pull rope 6 is pulled horizontally to drive the pull rod 11 to move. During the movement of the pull rod 11, the connecting tube 10 will rotate, thereby completely staggering the arc-shaped right-angle teeth that mesh with each other on the ratchet assembly 9. After that, under the action of the connecting arm 4, the supporting arm 5, the connecting tube 10 and the clamp handle 1 can be reset. In addition, after the connecting tube 10 moves to the initial position, the torsion spring 12 can To make the connecting tube 10 rotate and reset, the ratchet assembly 9 is composed of two groups of meshing arc-shaped right-angle teeth, which are used for the connecting tube 10 so that the connecting tube 10 can only move to the outside of the support tube 8, and the arc angle of the right-angle teeth is not greater than 60°, so that the two groups of meshing arc-shaped teeth can be disconnected after the connecting tube 10 is rotated by an angle greater than 60°. The outer side of the pull rod 11 and the inner side of the connecting tube 10 are provided with matching twisted threads, which are used to drive the connecting tube 10 to rotate by moving the pull rod 11. Torsion springs 12 are also provided on the shafts connecting the two ends of the connecting arm 4 to the support arm 5 and the pliers handle 1, which are used to automatically reset the connecting arm 4.

[0020] Embodiment 2: In order to solve the problem that the guide device is not convenient for adjusting the front and rear position of the guide needle in the past, the following technical solution is provided. Specifically, the upper surface of the support clamp 2 is fixedly connected with a mounting frame 3, and the mounting frame 3 is provided with a lateral adjustment mechanism for adjusting the lateral position of the folding pin.

[0021] The lateral adjustment mechanism includes a mounting tube 18, a displacement groove 25, a sliding plate 29, a limiting through groove 30 and a connecting plate 33. The mounting tube 18 is arranged between the rear ends of the mounting frame 3, and a strip through hole 21 is opened on the mounting tube 18. One end of the mounting tube 18 is coaxially connected to one end of the screw 19, and the other end of the screw 19 passes through the other end of the mounting tube 18. One end of the support plate 20 is threadedly connected to the screw 19, and the other end of the support plate 20 movably passes through the strip through hole 21. The other end of the support plate 20 is slidably connected to one end of the connecting plate 33, and the other end of the connecting plate 33 is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting through groove 30. The limiting through groove 30 passes through the front and rear sides of the sliding plate 29, and the sliding plate 29 is slidably connected to the displacement groove 25 through the displacement block 31. The displacement groove 25 is arranged on the inner side of the rear end of the mounting frame 3. An n-shaped sleeve 26 is movably nested on the outer side of 18, and a follower block 27 is connected to a bearing on the upper surface of the sleeve 26, and a linkage block 28 is connected to a bearing on the upper surface of the connecting plate 33, and a guide tube 14 is passed through the follower block 27 and the linkage block 28. When in use, the screw 19 is rotated to drive the support plate 20 threaded thereon to move, so that the connecting plate 33 connected to the support plate 20 moves in the limiting groove 30. Through the synchronous movement of the support plate 20 and the connecting plate 33, the follower block 27 and the linkage block 28 can be moved at the same time, thereby driving the guide tube 14 to move synchronously in the front and rear positions. Through the movement of the guide tube 14, the guide needle passing through it can be moved, which is helpful to adjust the front and rear position of the guide needle. By adjusting the front and rear position of the guide needle, it can not only ensure that it is at an angle of 130° with the femoral shaft axis, but also can be adjusted to the center position of the femoral head and neck.

[0022] Embodiment 3: In order to solve the problem that the guide device is not convenient for adjusting the vertical height of the guide needle in the past, the following technical solution is provided. Specifically, a longitudinal adjustment mechanism for adjusting the longitudinal height position of the folding nail is also installed on the mounting frame 3.

[0023] The longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes a screw rod 15, a support rod 17, a limiting slide groove 22 and a limiting slider 23. The bearing of the screw rod 15 passes through the rear end of the mounting frame 3, and the screw rod 15 is arranged below the mounting tube 18. The outer side of the screw rod 15 is threadedly connected with two threaded sleeves 16, and each threaded sleeve 16 and the lower surface of the outer side of the mounting tube 18 are respectively axially connected between the two ends of the support rod 17, and the two support rods 17 are also distributed in an eight-shaped shape. The limiting slide groove 22 is arranged at the rear end of the mounting frame 3, and the limiting slide groove 22 passes through the two sides of the mounting frame 3. The limiting slider 23 is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove 22, and the limiting slider 23 is arranged at both ends of the mounting tube 18. The two limiting sliders 23 are respectively penetrated by the bearings at both ends of the mounting tube 18. When in use, the screw rod 15 is rotated to make the two threaded sleeves 16 threaded thereon move away from or close to each other. When they move away from each other, the mounting tube 18 will gradually approach the screw rod 15, and when the two threaded sleeves 16 move toward each other, the mounting tube 18 will gradually move away from the screw rod 15. In the above process, the limiting action of the limiting slide groove 22 and the limiting slider 23, and the movement of the displacement block 31 in the displacement groove 25 can ensure that the guide tube 14 can move stably in the height direction, and then the upper and lower heights of the guide tube 14 can be adjusted. By adjusting the upper and lower heights of the guide tube 14, the upper and lower heights of the guide needle passing therethrough can be indirectly adjusted. By adjusting the upper and lower heights of the guide needle, the guide needle can be adjusted to the center position of the femoral head and neck while ensuring that the guide needle and the femoral shaft form an angle of 130°. Distance dials 24 are provided at the corresponding positions of the ends of the screw rod 15 and the screw rod 19, and the two distance dials 24 are respectively fixed to the outer side of one of the two limiting sliders 23 and the outer side of the mounting frame 3.

[0024] Embodiment 4: In order to solve the problem that the guide device is not convenient for adjusting the horizontal direction of the guide needle in the past, the following technical solution is provided. Specifically, an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the horizontal angle of the folding pin is provided on the lateral adjustment mechanism.

[0025] The angle adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate 37 and a follower rod 41. Two mounting plates 37 are provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate 33, and a screw rod 38 is passed through the bearing between the mounting plates 37. Two threaded sleeves 39 are provided on the screw rod 38. The bearing of the rotating shaft of the linkage block 28 passes through the lower part of the connecting plate 33, and the lower end of the rotating shaft of the linkage block 28 is coaxially fixedly connected with a follower plate 40. The lower surface of the follower plate 40 and the lower surface of the threaded sleeve 39 are both provided with a follower rod 41. The follower plate 40 and the follower rod 41 on the same side of the threaded sleeve 39 are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding swing arm 34 by bearings. The two swing arms 34 They are arranged parallel to each other, one end of the second screw rod 38 is movably extended into one end of the rotation adjustment rod 13, and the end of the second screw rod 38 connected to the rotation adjustment rod 13 is a prismatic structure, and the part where the rotation adjustment rod 13 is connected to the second screw rod 38 is provided with a prismatic groove, the prismatic structure and the prismatic groove match each other, the middle bearing of the rotation adjustment rod 13 passes through the reinforcement frame 35, and the reinforcement frame 35 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate 20, the rotation adjustment rod 13 movably passes through the area between the two support rods 17, the side of the connecting plate 33 is fixedly connected to the angle dial 32 through the support shaft 36, and the angle dial 32 It is arranged above the linkage block 28, and a pointer is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the linkage block 28, and the pointer bearing passes through the angle scale plate 32. When in use, rotating the rotation adjustment rod 13 can drive the screw rod 2 38 to rotate. During the rotation of the screw rod 2 38, the two threaded sleeves 2 39 thereon will move away from or approach each other. In the process of the two threaded sleeves 2 39 approaching or moving away from each other, the follower plate 40 can be driven to rotate through the follower rod 41 and the swing arm 34, so as to adjust the angle of the linkage block 28 coaxially connected to the follower plate 40. During the angle adjustment of the linkage block 28, the sleeve frame 26 The nested connection with the mounting tube 18 and the follower block 27 can be rotated on the sleeve 26, so that the horizontal angle of the guide tube 14 can be arbitrarily adjusted, thereby the angle of the guide needle can be adjusted at any angle, avoiding the previous adjustment only at a fixed angle. By adjusting the direction of the guide needle, it can be ensured that it can be finely adjusted when it is at an angle of 130° with the femoral shaft axis, ensuring that its puncture position is at the center of the femoral head and neck in both horizontal and vertical directions. Both end threads are provided on the screw rod 15 and the screw rod 2 38, and the end threads are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular bisector of the screw rod 15 and the screw rod 2 38.

[0026] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide, comprising a clamp handle (1) and a support clamp (2), wherein two clamp handles (1) are arranged crosswise in an X shape, and the cross position axis of the two clamp handles (1) is connected to the middle part of the front end of the support clamp (2), characterized in that: A limiting mechanism for self-limiting the pliers handle (1) is also provided between the pliers handle (1) and the support clamp (2); a mounting frame (3) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support clamp (2); and a lateral adjustment mechanism for adjusting the lateral position of the folding pin is provided on the mounting frame (3); a longitudinal adjustment mechanism for adjusting the longitudinal height position of the folding pin is also installed on the mounting frame (3); and an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the horizontal angle of the folding pin is provided on the lateral adjustment mechanism.

2. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism comprises a support inclined plate (7) and a torsion spring (12), two support inclined plates (7) are provided, and the two support inclined plates (7) are arranged in an eight-shaped manner on the inner side of the rear end of the support clamp (2), each of the support inclined plates (7) is fixedly connected to a support tube (8), and the inner side of the support tube (8) is connected to the outer side of the connecting tube (10) through a ratchet assembly (9), and the end bearing of the connecting tube (10) arranged outside the support tube (8) passes through the corresponding support arm (5), The end of the connecting tube (10) arranged outside the support tube (8) is threadedly connected to a pull rod (11), the ends of the two pull rods (11) arranged outside the connecting tube (10) are connected by a pull rope (6), and a torsion spring (12) is arranged between the end of the pull rod (11) extending into the connecting tube (10) and the inner top end of the connecting tube (10), and the outer side of the end of the support arm (5) away from the connecting tube (10) and the corresponding side of the clamp handle (1) are respectively axially connected to the two ends of the connecting arm (4).

3. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratchet assembly (9) is composed of two groups of mutually meshing arc-shaped right-angle teeth, and is used to align the connecting tube (10) so that the connecting tube (10) can only move toward the outside of the support tube (8), and the arc angle of the right-angle teeth is not greater than 60°, so that the two groups of mutually meshing arc-shaped teeth can be disconnected after the connecting tube (10) is rotated by an angle greater than 60°.

4. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side of the pull rod (11) and the inner side of the connecting pipe (10) are provided with mutually matching twist threads, which are used to drive the connecting pipe (10) to rotate through the movement of the pull rod (11).

5. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 4, characterized in that: Torsion springs (12) are also provided on the shafts connecting the two ends of the connecting arm (4) to the support arm (5) and the clamp handle (1), and are used for automatically resetting the connecting arm (4).

6. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lateral adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting tube (18), a displacement groove (25), a sliding plate (29), a limit groove (30) and a connecting plate (33); the mounting tube (18) is arranged between the rear ends of the mounting frame (3), and a strip-shaped through hole (21) is provided on the mounting tube (18); one end of the mounting tube (18) is coaxially bearing-connected to one end of a screw rod (19), and the other end of the screw rod (19) passes through the other end of the mounting tube (18); one end of the screw rod (19) is threadedly connected to a support plate (20), and the other end of the support plate (20) movably passes through the strip-shaped through hole (21); the other end of the support plate (20) is slidably connected to One end of the connecting plate (33) and the other end of the connecting plate (33) are slidably connected to the inside of the limiting groove (30), the limiting groove (30) passes through the front and rear sides of the sliding plate (29), and the sliding plate (29) is slidably connected to the displacement groove (25) through the displacement block (31), the displacement groove (25) is arranged on the inner side of the rear end of the mounting frame (3), an n-shaped sleeve (26) is movably nested on the outer side of the mounting tube (18), and the upper surface of the sleeve (26) is connected to the follower block (27) by a bearing, and the upper surface of the connecting plate (33) is connected to the linkage block (28) by a bearing, and a guide tube (14) passes through between the follower block (27) and the linkage block (28).

7. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 6, characterized in that: The longitudinal adjustment mechanism comprises a screw rod (15), a supporting rod (17), a limiting slide groove (22) and a limiting slide block (23); the screw rod (15) has a bearing extending through the rear end of the mounting frame (3), and the screw rod (15) is arranged below the mounting tube (18); the outer side of the screw rod (15) is threadedly connected to two threaded sleeves (16), and each threaded sleeve (16) and the outer lower surface of the mounting tube (18) are axially connected to the supporting rod ( The two support rods (17) are also distributed in an eight-shaped shape, the limit slide groove (22) is arranged at the rear end of the mounting frame (3), and the limit slide groove (22) penetrates the two sides of the mounting frame (3), the limit slide block (23) is slidably connected in the limit slide groove (22), and the limit slide block (23) is arranged at both ends of the mounting tube (18), and the two limit slide blocks (23) are respectively penetrated by the bearings at both ends of the mounting tube (18).

8. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 7, characterized in that: Distance scale plates (24) are provided at corresponding positions at the ends of the screw rod 1 (15) and the screw rod (19), and the two distance scale plates (24) are respectively fixed to the outer side of one of the two limit sliders (23) and the outer side surface of the mounting frame (3).

9. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting plate (37) and a follower rod (41); two mounting plates (37) are arranged on the lower surface of the connecting plate (33); a second screw rod (38) is passed through the bearing between the mounting plates (37); two second threaded sleeves (39) are arranged on the second screw rod (38); a bearing of the rotating shaft of the linkage block (28) passes through the lower side of the connecting plate (33); a follower plate (40) is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft of the linkage block (28); a follower rod (41) is arranged on the lower surface of the follower plate (40) and the lower surface of the second threaded sleeve (39); and the follower rods (41) on the same side of the follower plate (40) and the second threaded sleeve (39) are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding swing arms (34) by bearings; the two swing arms (34) are arranged parallel to each other; one end of the second screw rod (38) is movable and extendable The rotary adjustment rod (13) is inserted into one end thereof, and the end of the second screw rod (38) connected to the rotary adjustment rod (13) is a prismatic structure, and the portion of the rotary adjustment rod (13) connected to the second screw rod (38) is provided with a prismatic groove, the prismatic structure and the prismatic groove match each other, the middle bearing of the rotary adjustment rod (13) passes through the reinforcing frame (35), and the reinforcing frame (35) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate (20), the rotary adjustment rod (13) movably passes through the area between the two supporting rods (17), the side surface of the connecting plate (33) is fixedly connected to the angle dial (32) through the support shaft (36), and the angle dial (32) is arranged above the linkage block (28), and a pointing needle is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the linkage block (28), and the pointing needle bearing passes through the angle dial (32).

10. The adjustable femoral neck fracture nail placement guide according to claim 9, characterized in that: The screw rod 1 (15) and the screw rod 2 (38) are both provided with threads at both ends, and the threads at both ends are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular midline of the screw rod 1 (15) and the screw rod 2 (38).

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