Energy-saving and environmentally friendly dust and powder collection equipment and collection method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of smoke and dust-containing waste gas treatment, and in particular to an energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection device and a collection method thereof. The present invention determines whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal through the slope of the curve of the change of the absolute value of the water pressure difference over time of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline within a preset monitoring time, and determines the abnormal dominant category of the viscosity of the spray liquid according to the comparison result of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions in the spray tower by increasing the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle to a preset value, so as to select different recycling methods of the spray liquid, thereby realizing timely discovery of the abnormal viscosity change of the circulating spray liquid, and adaptively adjusting the recycling method of the circulating spray liquid according to the attenuation of the dust capture efficiency of the circulating spray liquid with abnormal viscosity change, and realizing the maximum recycling of the spray liquid while ensuring the dust removal efficiency of the circulating spray liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment containing smoke and dust, and in particular to an energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collecting device and a collecting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of modern industrial production, many industries such as metallurgy, mining, building materials, chemicals and pharmaceuticals will produce a large amount of dust-containing waste gas. If these dusts are not effectively collected and treated, they will cause serious pollution to the environment and may also cause great harm to the health of production equipment and workers. Using spray towers to treat dust-containing waste gas is a common means of factory waste gas treatment. Traditional spray towers usually require a large amount of water for spraying to ensure the dust capture effect. The existing spray towers often use circulating water systems to improve the defect of large water consumption for spraying. The balance between the number of recycling times of circulating water and the dust capture effect of circulating water is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] For example, Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN117282231A, the invention discloses a flue gas multi-stage spray absorption cooling tower and a method of use, the structure of which includes a gas distribution mechanism, a multi-stage absorption cooling mechanism and a defogger mechanism, the multi-stage absorption cooling mechanism is arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the bottom absorption cooling mechanism is arranged above the gas distribution mechanism, the defogger mechanism is arranged above the top absorption cooling mechanism, the gas distribution mechanism is provided with an air inlet, the top of the defogger mechanism is provided with an air outlet, a liquid collection unit is provided between adjacent absorption cooling mechanisms, the liquid collection unit is provided with a riser protruding upward from the corresponding liquid collection unit, and the adjacent two-pole absorption cooling mechanisms are connected through the riser; each stage of the absorption cooling mechanism is separately configured with a water source for cooling the gas, and the temperature of the water source configured for each stage of the absorption cooling mechanism from bottom to top gradually decreases, the invention removes acid gases such as HCl and HF and dust in the flue gas through step-by-step absorption and cooling, completes the condensation of water vapor in the gas, and achieves near-zero emissions.

[0004] The prior art still has the following problems:

[0005] The prior art does not take into account the phenomenon that the spray liquid that dissolves small dust particles will have a significant pressure drop at the pipe elbow due to the change in viscosity. The prior art cannot timely analyze the abnormal viscosity change of the circulating spray liquid, and cannot adaptively adjust the recycling method of the circulating spray liquid according to the attenuation of the dust capture efficiency of the circulating spray liquid with abnormal viscosity change, thereby affecting the energy-saving utilization efficiency of the spray liquid. Summary of the invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly dust and powder collection device and a collection method thereof, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art that the abnormal viscosity change of the circulating spray liquid cannot be analyzed in time, and the recycling method of the circulating spray liquid cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the attenuation of the dust capture efficiency of the circulating spray liquid with abnormal viscosity change.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method, comprising:

[0008] In response to spraying the dust-containing exhaust gas introduced into the spray tower, the water pressure value at each elbow in the spray liquid circulation pipeline of the spray tower is obtained, and a curve of the absolute value of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time is drawn, and whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal is determined according to the slope of each change curve within a preset monitoring time;

[0009] In response to an abnormal change in the viscosity of the spray liquid, the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle is increased to a preset value, and the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions in the spray tower are obtained;

[0010] Determine the abnormal viscosity category of the spray liquid according to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions;

[0011] In response to different viscosity anomaly manifestation categories, different recycling methods of the spray liquid are selected, including:

[0012] According to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, the sedimentation time of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank that flows back to the bottom of the spray tower is adjusted, the spray liquid above the preset first warning liquid level in the reflux water tank is introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline again, and the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level is discharged;

[0013] Alternatively, the second warning liquid level of the spray liquid that has completed sedimentation in the reflux water tank is determined based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level is reintroduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and the spray liquid below the second warning liquid level is discharged.

[0014] Furthermore, the process of drawing a curve of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time includes:

[0015] Record the water pressure value at each elbow in the spray liquid circulation pipeline;

[0016] Calculate the absolute value of the water pressure difference between each pair of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline;

[0017] A rectangular coordinate system is established with the water pressure value as the vertical axis and the time as the horizontal axis. According to the absolute values ​​of the water pressure differences of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline at several moments, a curve of the absolute value of the water pressure difference of each pair of adjacent elbows versus time is drawn.

[0018] Furthermore, the process of determining whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal includes:

[0019] Obtaining the slopes of a plurality of data points on the change curve within a preset monitoring time, and determining the average value of the slopes of the plurality of data points as the slope of the change curve within the preset monitoring time;

[0020] If the slope is greater than a preset slope threshold, determining the change curve corresponding to the slope as an abnormal change curve of water pressure difference;

[0021] The proportion of the number of abnormal water pressure difference change curves in the total number of change curves is compared with a preset proportion threshold. If the proportion is greater than the proportion threshold, it is determined that the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal.

[0022] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions in the spray tower includes:

[0023] Obtaining an average particle size of spray droplets at a first height position inside the spray tower, and determining the average particle size as a particle size value at the first height position;

[0024] Obtaining an average particle size of the spray droplets at a second height position inside the spray tower, and determining the average particle size as a particle size value at the second height position;

[0025] Among them, the first height position inside the spray tower is higher than the second height position.

[0026] Furthermore, the process of determining the abnormal dominant category of the viscosity of the spray liquid includes:

[0027] Comparing the particle size value at the first height position with the particle size value at the second height position;

[0028] If the particle size value at the first height position is greater than or equal to the particle size value at the second height position, the spray liquid is determined to be a weakly dominant category of abnormal viscosity;

[0029] If the particle size value at the first height position is smaller than the particle size value at the second height position, the spray liquid is determined to be a category with strong and dominant viscosity abnormality.

[0030] Further, the process of selecting different recycling methods for the spray liquid includes:

[0031] If the spray liquid is of the category of weakly dominant viscosity abnormality, the settling time of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank at the bottom of the spray tower is adjusted according to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions, and the spray liquid above the preset first warning liquid level in the reflux water tank is introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline again, and the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level is discharged;

[0032] If the spray liquid is of a category with strong and dominant viscosity abnormality, the second warning liquid level height of the spray liquid that has completed sedimentation in the reflux water tank is determined based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions, and the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level height is re-introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and the spray liquid below the second warning liquid level height is discharged.

[0033] Furthermore, the settling time of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank is adjusted according to the absolute value of the difference between the particle size value at the first height position and the particle size value at the second height position, and the settling time is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference.

[0034] Furthermore, the second warning liquid level height is adjusted according to the absolute value of the difference between the particle size value at the first height position and the particle size value at the second height position, and the second warning liquid level height is positively correlated with the absolute value of the difference.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection device, comprising:

[0036] A spray tower, comprising a tower body, an air inlet arranged at the bottom of the tower body for passing dust-containing waste gas into the tower body, and a reflux water tank arranged at the bottom of the tower body for collecting the spray liquid refluxed inside the tower body;

[0037] A spray mechanism, comprising a nozzle arranged inside the tower body for spraying spray liquid into the tower body and a spray liquid circulation pipeline connecting the nozzle and the return water tank;

[0038] The inner wall of the reflux water tank is provided with a plurality of diversion ports at different heights in the height direction perpendicular to the horizontal ground, so as to re-introduce the spray liquid above the first warning liquid level through the diversion port below the first warning liquid level and closest to the first warning liquid level into the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and re-introduce the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level through the diversion port below the second warning liquid level and closest to the second warning liquid level into the spray liquid circulation pipeline;

[0039] Several particle size analyzers are arranged at different height positions of the inner wall of the tower body to measure the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at the height positions;

[0040] A plurality of water pressure detectors, which are arranged at each elbow of the spray liquid circulation pipeline to obtain the water pressure value of the spray liquid flowing through each elbow;

[0041] A circulation pump is arranged at the connection position between the diversion port and the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and is used for pumping the spray liquid introduced by the diversion port into the spray liquid circulation pipeline.

[0042] Furthermore, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the reflux water tank, and the drain outlet is used to discharge the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level height or below the second warning liquid level height.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that the present invention determines whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal through the slope of the curve of the change of the absolute value of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time within a preset monitoring time, and determines the dominant category of the viscosity abnormality of the spray liquid according to the comparison result of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions in the spray tower by increasing the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle to a preset value, and selects different recycling methods of the spray liquid according to different dominant categories of viscosity abnormality, thereby realizing timely detection of abnormal viscosity change of the circulating spray liquid, and adaptively adjusting the recycling method of the circulating spray liquid according to the attenuation of the dust capture efficiency of the circulating spray liquid with erratic viscosity changes, while ensuring the dust removal efficiency of the circulating spray liquid, realizing the maximum recycling of the spray liquid, and improving the energy-saving utilization efficiency of the spray liquid of the dust collection device.

[0044] In particular, the present invention determines whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal by drawing a curve of the change of the absolute value of the water pressure difference of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time and the slope within a preset monitoring time. Those skilled in the art can understand that at the elbow, the flow direction of the fluid changes, and this internal friction will further increase. When water with higher viscosity flows in the pipeline, the internal friction between molecules is larger, and the fluid needs to overcome greater resistance to flow. Therefore, the pressure loss of water with higher viscosity is larger at the elbow position in the pipeline. The present invention draws a curve of the change of the absolute value of the water pressure difference of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time, and compares the slopes of the change curves corresponding to the absolute values ​​of the water pressure differences of each pair of adjacent elbows. If the slopes of the change curves corresponding to the absolute values ​​of the water pressure differences of each pair of adjacent elbows within the preset monitoring time are all significantly increasing, it can be characterized that the viscosity of the circulating spray liquid is increasing, thereby achieving timely detection of abnormal viscosity changes of the circulating spray liquid.

[0045] In particular, the present invention obtains the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions after the spray liquid increases the water outlet spray pressure at the nozzle. Those skilled in the art can understand that after increasing the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle, the spray liquid can overcome slight abnormal viscosity changes, so that spray droplets with smaller particle size values ​​are formed through the nozzle. By obtaining the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, the change in droplet size from top to bottom in the spray tower is achieved.

[0046] In particular, the present invention determines the dominant category of the viscosity anomaly of the spray liquid based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions. Those skilled in the art can understand that when the spray droplets interact with the high-speed flowing smoke-containing exhaust gas during the falling process, they may be broken into smaller spray droplets by the shear force of the airflow. However, when the viscosity of the circulating spray liquid is relatively high, the internal cohesive force of the formed spray droplets is relatively strong, and they will not be broken into smaller spray droplets by the airflow. Instead, they will collide with each other and merge into larger droplets. The larger droplets have a short residence time in the spray tower and cannot fully contact with the dust-containing exhaust gas. The present invention determines that the spray liquid is in a weakly dominant category of viscosity anomaly based on the phenomenon that the particle size value of the spray droplets becomes smaller during the falling process, and determines that the spray liquid is in a strongly dominant category of viscosity anomaly based on the phenomenon that the particle size value of the spray droplets becomes larger during the falling process. Furthermore, the attenuation of the dust capture efficiency of the circulating spray liquid is analyzed.

[0047] In particular, the present invention selects different recycling methods for the spray liquid according to different explicit categories of viscosity anomalies, thereby avoiding abnormal viscosity of the spray liquid caused by small dust particles carried in the spray liquid circulating in the spray liquid, making the viscosity of the circulating spray liquid within a reasonable range, and avoiding the situation where spray liquid droplets with larger particle sizes formed by the circulating spray liquid with abnormal viscosity have a short residence time inside the spray tower and cannot fully contact with the dust-containing exhaust gas, thereby affecting the dust collection effect. While ensuring the dust removal efficiency of the circulating spray liquid, the maximum recycling of the spray liquid is achieved, thereby improving the energy-saving utilization efficiency of the spray liquid of the dust collection device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 This is a step diagram of an energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 A step diagram for drawing a curve of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in a spray liquid circulation pipeline changing with time in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A logic flow chart for determining the abnormal dominant category of viscosity of the spray liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4This is a simplified structural diagram of an energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a simplified structural diagram of a reflux water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] In the figure: tower body 1, air inlet 2, return water tank 3, nozzle 4, spray liquid circulation pipeline 5, particle size analyzer 6, water pressure detector 7, elbow 8, circulation pump 9, several diversion ports 10, a first diversion port 101, a second diversion port 102, a third diversion port 103, a drain port 11, a first warning liquid level height 12, and a second warning liquid level height 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0057] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] See also Figure 1 As shown, it is a step diagram of an energy-saving and environmentally friendly dust and powder collection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly dust and powder collection method according to the present invention comprises:

[0059] Step S100, in response to spraying the dust-containing exhaust gas introduced into the spray tower, obtaining the water pressure value at each elbow 8 in the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 of the spray tower, drawing a curve of the absolute value of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 over time, and determining whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal according to the slope of each change curve within a preset monitoring time;

[0060] Step S200, in response to the abnormal change in viscosity of the spray liquid, increasing the outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle 4 to a preset value, and obtaining the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions in the spray tower;

[0061] Step S300, determining the abnormal viscosity dominant category of the spray liquid according to the comparison result of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions;

[0062] Step S400, in response to different viscosity abnormality dominant categories, select different recycling methods for the spray liquid, including:

[0063] According to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, the sedimentation time of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank 3 that flows back to the bottom of the spray tower is adjusted, and the spray liquid above the preset first warning liquid level height 12 in the reflux water tank 3 is introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 again, and the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level height 12 is discharged;

[0064] Alternatively, the second warning liquid level 13 of the spray liquid that has completed sedimentation in the reflux water tank 3 is determined based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, and the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level 13 is reintroduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5, and the spray liquid below the second warning liquid level 13 is discharged.

[0065] Specifically, the value of the preset monitoring time can be set by technical personnel in this field according to detection requirements. The more data points required for slope detection of each change curve, the larger the value of the preset monitoring time can be set. Preferably, the value range of the preset monitoring time is [60, 300], and the interval unit is s.

[0066] Specifically, the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle 4 can be achieved by increasing the flow rate of the spray liquid in the spray circulation pipeline or by reducing the water outlet aperture of the nozzle. This is the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Specifically, the specific value of the water outlet spray pressure increased to the preset value can be set by technical personnel according to the actual spraying situation. Preferably, the preset value can be set in the range of [1.05×Pa, 1.1×Pa], wherein Pa is the current value of the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle 4. It can be understood that the larger the specific value of the water outlet spray pressure increased to the preset value, the smaller the particle size of the spray droplets formed by the spray liquid through the nozzle.

[0068] Specifically, the value of the preset first warning liquid level height can be set according to the total height H of the reflux water tank 3. Preferably, the value range of the first warning liquid level height is [0.1×H, 0.2×H]. Those skilled in the art can understand that the smaller the value of the preset first warning liquid level height, the larger the volume of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank 3 that is re-introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5, and the smaller the volume of the spray liquid that is determined to have more dust impurities that is discharged. Those skilled in the art can preset the first warning liquid level height according to this setting logic.

[0069] Specifically, the present invention obtains the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions after the spray liquid increases the water outlet spray pressure at the nozzle. Those skilled in the art can understand that after increasing the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle 4, the spray liquid can overcome the slight viscosity change abnormality, so that spray droplets with smaller particle size values ​​are formed through the nozzle 4. By obtaining the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, the change in droplet size from top to bottom in the spray tower is achieved.

[0070] Specifically, see Figure 2 As shown, it is a step diagram of drawing a curve of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time according to an embodiment of the present invention. The process of drawing a curve of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time includes:

[0071] Step S101, recording the water pressure value at each elbow in the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5;

[0072] Step S102, calculating the absolute value of the water pressure difference between each pair of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5;

[0073] Step S103, a rectangular coordinate system is established with the water pressure value as the vertical axis and the time as the horizontal axis, and a curve of the absolute value of the water pressure difference between each pair of adjacent elbows versus time is drawn according to the absolute value of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 at several moments.

[0074] Specifically, the process of determining whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal includes:

[0075] Obtaining the slopes of a plurality of data points on the change curve within a preset monitoring time, and determining the average value of the slopes of the plurality of data points as the slope k of the change curve within the preset monitoring time;

[0076] If the slope k is greater than a preset slope threshold k0, the change curve corresponding to the slope is determined as an abnormal change curve of water pressure difference;

[0077] The value of the preset slope threshold k0 is obtained by pre-test calculation. The average slope value of the change curve corresponding to the absolute value of the water pressure difference of the same pair of adjacent elbows within the same monitoring time is pre-tested and calculated several times, and the calculated average slope value is recorded as the preset slope threshold k0;

[0078] The proportion T of the number N1 of abnormal water pressure difference change curves in the total number N2 of change curves is compared with a preset proportion threshold T0. If the proportion T is greater than the proportion threshold T0, it is determined that the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal.

[0079] Specifically, T=N1 / N2. The value of the preset proportion threshold T0 can be set by technical personnel in this field according to detection requirements. Preferably, the value range of the preset proportion threshold T0 is [0.65, 0.75]. It can be understood that the smaller the value of the proportion threshold T0, the greater the number of curves determined as abnormal water pressure difference changes, and the more sensitive the triggering conditions for determining abnormal viscosity changes of the spray liquid and conducting further analysis. Technical personnel in this field can set the specific value of the proportion threshold T0 according to the detection requirements of the circulating spray liquid viscosity.

[0080] Specifically, the present invention determines whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal by drawing a curve of the change of the absolute value of the water pressure difference of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time and the slope within a preset monitoring time. Those skilled in the art can understand that at the elbow 8, the flow direction of the fluid changes, and this internal friction will further increase. When water with higher viscosity flows in the pipeline, the internal friction between molecules is larger, and the fluid needs to overcome greater resistance to flow. Therefore, the pressure loss of water with higher viscosity is larger at the elbow 8 in the pipeline. The present invention draws a curve of the change of the absolute value of the water pressure difference of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time, and compares the slopes of the change curves corresponding to the absolute values ​​of the water pressure differences of each pair of adjacent elbows. If the slopes of the change curves corresponding to the absolute values ​​of the water pressure differences of each pair of adjacent elbows within the preset monitoring time are all significantly increasing, it can be characterized that the viscosity of the circulating spray liquid is increasing, thereby achieving timely detection of abnormal viscosity changes of the circulating spray liquid.

[0081] Specifically, the process of obtaining the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions in the spray tower includes:

[0082] Obtaining an average particle size of the spray droplets at a first height position inside the spray tower, and determining the average particle size as a particle size value r1 at the first height position;

[0083] Obtaining an average particle size of the spray droplets at a second height position inside the spray tower, and determining the average particle size as a particle size value r2 at the second height position;

[0084] Among them, the first height position inside the spray tower is higher than the second height position.

[0085] Specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, it is a logic flow chart for determining the dominant category of the viscosity anomaly of the spray liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention. The process of determining the dominant category of the viscosity anomaly of the spray liquid includes:

[0086] Compare the particle size value r1 at the first height position with the particle size value r2 at the second height position;

[0087] If the particle size value r1 at the first height position is greater than or equal to the particle size value r2 at the second height position, the spray liquid is determined to be a weakly dominant category of viscosity abnormality;

[0088] If the particle size value r1 at the first height position is smaller than the particle size value r2 at the second height position, the spray liquid is determined to be a category with strong and dominant viscosity abnormality.

[0089] Specifically, the present invention determines the dominant category of the viscosity anomaly of the spray liquid based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions. Those skilled in the art can understand that when the spray droplets interact with the high-speed flowing smoke-containing exhaust gas during the falling process, they may be broken into smaller spray droplets by the shear force of the airflow. However, when the viscosity of the circulating spray liquid is high, the internal cohesive force of the formed spray droplets is strong, and they will not be broken into smaller spray droplets by the airflow. Instead, they will collide with each other and merge into larger droplets. The larger droplets have a short residence time in the spray tower and cannot fully contact with the dust-containing exhaust gas. The present invention determines that the spray liquid is in a weakly dominant category of viscosity anomaly based on the phenomenon that the particle size value of the spray droplets becomes smaller during the falling process, and determines that the spray liquid is in a strongly dominant category of viscosity anomaly based on the phenomenon that the particle size value of the spray droplets becomes larger during the falling process. Furthermore, the attenuation of the dust capture efficiency of the circulating spray liquid is analyzed.

[0090] Specifically, the process of selecting different recycling methods for the spray liquid includes:

[0091] If the spray liquid is of the category of weakly dominant viscosity abnormality, the settling time of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank 3 at the bottom of the spray tower is adjusted according to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions, and the spray liquid above the preset first warning liquid level height 12 in the reflux water tank 3 is introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 again, and the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level height 12 is discharged;

[0092] If the spray liquid is of a category with strong and dominant viscosity abnormality, the second warning liquid level 13 of the spray liquid that has completed sedimentation in the reflux water tank 3 is determined based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions, and the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level 13 is reintroduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5, and the spray liquid below the second warning liquid level 13 is discharged.

[0093] Specifically, the present invention selects different recycling methods for the spray liquid according to different dominant categories of viscosity anomalies, thereby avoiding abnormal viscosity of the spray liquid caused by small dust particles carried in the spray liquid circulating in the spray liquid, making the viscosity of the circulating spray liquid within a reasonable range, and avoiding the situation where spray liquid droplets with larger particle sizes formed by the circulating spray liquid with abnormal viscosity have a short residence time inside the spray tower and cannot fully contact with the dust-containing exhaust gas, thereby affecting the dust collection effect. While ensuring the dust removal efficiency of the circulating spray liquid, the maximum recycling of the spray liquid is achieved, thereby improving the energy-saving utilization efficiency of the spray liquid of the dust collection device.

[0094] Specifically, the precipitation time of the spray liquid in the return water tank 3 is based on the absolute value r of the difference between the particle size value r1 at the first height position and the particle size value r2 at the second height position. a Adjustment is made between the precipitation time and the absolute value of the difference r a There is a negative correlation, among which r a =|r1-r2|.

[0095] Specifically, the second warning liquid level 13 is calculated based on the absolute value r of the difference between the particle size value r1 at the first height position and the particle size value r2 at the second height position. a Make adjustments, r a =|r1-r2|, the second warning liquid level height 13 is positively correlated with the absolute value of the difference.

[0096] Specifically, see Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 4 This is a simplified structural diagram of the energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The present invention also provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly dust and powder collection device, including:

[0097] The spray tower comprises a tower body 1, an air inlet 2 arranged at the bottom of the tower body 1 for passing dust-containing exhaust gas into the tower body 1, and a reflux water tank 3 arranged at the bottom of the tower body 1 for collecting the spray liquid refluxed inside the tower body 1;

[0098] A spray mechanism, comprising a nozzle 4 arranged inside the tower body 1 for spraying spray liquid into the tower body 1 and a spray liquid circulation pipe 5 connecting the nozzle 4 and the return water tank 3;

[0099] The inner wall of the reflux water tank 3 is provided with a plurality of guide ports 10 at different heights in a height direction perpendicular to the horizontal ground, so as to guide the spray liquid above the first warning liquid level 12 again into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 through the guide port below the first warning liquid level 12 and closest to the first warning liquid level 12, and guide the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level 13 again into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 through the guide port below the second warning liquid level 13 and closest to the second warning liquid level 13;

[0100] A plurality of particle size analyzers 6, which are arranged at different height positions of the inner wall of the tower body, and are used to measure the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at the height positions;

[0101] A plurality of water pressure detectors 7, which are arranged at each elbow 8 of the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5, and are used to obtain the water pressure value of the spray liquid flowing through each elbow 8;

[0102] A circulation pump 9 is disposed at the connection position between the diversion port and the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 , and is used for pumping the spray liquid introduced by the diversion port into the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5 .

[0103] Specifically, the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the nozzle, which is a common device in the spray tower and will not be described in detail here.

[0104] Specifically, the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the particle size analyzer 6. Preferably, a laser particle size analyzer can be used to determine the particle size value of the spray droplets in the spray tower. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0105] Specifically, the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the water pressure detector 7. Preferably, it can be a water pressure gauge installed at the elbow 8 of the circulating spray pipe. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0106] Specifically, the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the circulation pump 9. Preferably, it can be a centrifugal pump installed at the connection position between the guide port and the spray liquid circulation pipeline 5. The application of centrifugal pumps in spray towers is very common and will not be repeated here.

[0107] Specifically, a drain port 11 is further provided at the bottom of the reflux water tank 3 , and the drain port 11 is used to discharge the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level 12 or below the second warning liquid level 13 .

[0108] Example:

[0109] Please continue reading Figure 5 As shown, a first guide port 101, a second guide port 102, and a third guide port 103 are provided in the return water tank 3;

[0110] When the spray liquid is of the category with weakly dominant viscosity abnormality, it is necessary to reintroduce the spray liquid above the first warning liquid level height 12 preset in the reflux water tank 3 into the spray liquid circulation pipe 5, and the selected diversion port is the diversion port below the first warning liquid level height 12 and closest to the first warning liquid level 12, i.e., the first diversion port 101. The spray liquid above the first warning liquid level height 12 preset in the reflux water tank 3 is reintroduced into the spray liquid circulation pipe 5 through the first diversion port 101, and the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level height 12 is discharged through the drain port 11.

[0111] When the spray liquid is of the category with strong and dominant viscosity abnormality, it is necessary to reintroduce the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level 13 in the reflux water tank 3 into the spray liquid circulation pipe 5, and the selected diversion port is the diversion port below the second warning liquid level 13 (the qualified diversion ports include the first diversion port 101 and the second diversion port 102) and the closest to the second warning liquid level 13, that is, the second diversion port 102. The spray liquid above the second warning liquid level 13 in the reflux water tank 3 is reintroduced into the spray liquid circulation pipe 5 through the second diversion port 102, and the spray liquid below the second warning liquid level 13 is discharged through the drain port 11.

[0112] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0113] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly dust and powder collection method, characterized in that: include: In response to spraying the dust-containing exhaust gas introduced into the spray tower, the water pressure value at each elbow in the spray liquid circulation pipeline of the spray tower is obtained, and a curve of the absolute value of the water pressure difference between adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time is drawn, and whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal is determined according to the slope of each change curve within a preset monitoring time; In response to an abnormal change in the viscosity of the spray liquid, the water outlet spray pressure of the spray liquid at the nozzle is increased to a preset value, and the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions in the spray tower are obtained; Determine the abnormal viscosity category of the spray liquid according to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions; In response to different viscosity anomaly manifestation categories, different recycling methods of the spray liquid are selected, including: According to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, the sedimentation time of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank that flows back to the bottom of the spray tower is adjusted, the spray liquid above the preset first warning liquid level in the reflux water tank is introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline again, and the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level is discharged; Alternatively, the second warning liquid level of the spray liquid that has completed sedimentation in the reflux water tank is determined based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions, the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level is reintroduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and the spray liquid below the second warning liquid level is discharged.

2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of plotting the water pressure difference of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline over time includes: Record the water pressure value at each elbow in the spray liquid circulation pipeline; Calculate the absolute value of the water pressure difference between each pair of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline; A rectangular coordinate system is established with the water pressure value as the vertical axis and the time as the horizontal axis. According to the absolute values ​​of the water pressure differences of adjacent elbows in the spray liquid circulation pipeline at several moments, a curve of the absolute value of the water pressure difference of each pair of adjacent elbows versus time is drawn.

3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of determining whether the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal includes: Obtaining the slopes of a plurality of data points on the change curve within a preset monitoring time, and determining the average value of the slopes of the plurality of data points as the slope of the change curve within the preset monitoring time; If the slope is greater than a preset slope threshold, determining the change curve corresponding to the slope as an abnormal change curve of water pressure difference; The proportion of the number of abnormal water pressure difference change curves in the total number of change curves is compared with a preset proportion threshold. If the proportion is greater than the proportion threshold, it is determined that the viscosity change of the spray liquid is abnormal.

4. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at different height positions in the spray tower includes: Obtaining an average particle size of spray droplets at a first height position inside the spray tower, and determining the average particle size as a particle size value at the first height position; Obtaining an average particle size of the spray droplets at a second height position inside the spray tower, and determining the average particle size as a particle size value at the second height position; Among them, the first height position inside the spray tower is higher than the second height position.

5. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of determining the abnormality of the spray liquid viscosity includes: Comparing the particle size value at the first height position with the particle size value at the second height position; If the particle size value at the first height position is greater than or equal to the particle size value at the second height position, the spray liquid is determined to be a weakly dominant category of abnormal viscosity; If the particle size value at the first height position is smaller than the particle size value at the second height position, the spray liquid is determined to be a category with strong and dominant viscosity abnormality.

6. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of selecting different recycling methods for the spray liquid includes: If the spray liquid is of the category of weakly dominant viscosity abnormality, the settling time of the spray liquid in the reflux water tank at the bottom of the spray tower is adjusted according to the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions, and the spray liquid above the preset first warning liquid level in the reflux water tank is introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline again, and the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level is discharged; If the spray liquid is of a category with strong and dominant viscosity abnormality, the second warning liquid level height of the spray liquid that has completed sedimentation in the reflux water tank is determined based on the comparison results of the particle size values ​​of the spray liquid droplets at different height positions, and the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level height is re-introduced into the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and the spray liquid below the second warning liquid level height is discharged.

7. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The settling time of the spray liquid in the return water tank is adjusted according to the absolute value of the difference between the particle size value at the first height position and the particle size value at the second height position, and the settling time is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference.

8. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second warning liquid level height is adjusted according to the absolute value of the difference between the particle size value at the first height position and the particle size value at the second height position, and the second warning liquid level height is positively correlated with the absolute value of the difference.

9. An energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection device, used to perform the energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collection method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: A spray tower, comprising a tower body, an air inlet arranged at the bottom of the tower body for passing dust-containing waste gas into the tower body, and a reflux water tank arranged at the bottom of the tower body for collecting the spray liquid refluxed inside the tower body; A spray mechanism, comprising a nozzle arranged inside the tower body for spraying spray liquid into the tower body and a spray liquid circulation pipeline connecting the nozzle and the return water tank; The inner wall of the reflux water tank is provided with a plurality of diversion ports at different heights in the height direction perpendicular to the horizontal ground, so as to re-introduce the spray liquid above the first warning liquid level through the diversion port below the first warning liquid level and closest to the first warning liquid level into the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and re-introduce the spray liquid above the second warning liquid level through the diversion port below the second warning liquid level and closest to the second warning liquid level into the spray liquid circulation pipeline; Several particle size analyzers are arranged at different height positions of the inner wall of the tower body to measure the particle size values ​​of the spray droplets at the height positions; A plurality of water pressure detectors, which are arranged at each elbow of the spray liquid circulation pipeline to obtain the water pressure value of the spray liquid flowing through each elbow; A circulation pump is arranged at the connection position between the diversion port and the spray liquid circulation pipeline, and is used for pumping the spray liquid introduced by the diversion port into the spray liquid circulation pipeline.

10. The energy-saving and environment-friendly dust and powder collecting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A drain outlet is also provided at the bottom of the reflux water tank, and the drain outlet is used to discharge the spray liquid below the first warning liquid level height or below the second warning liquid level height.

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