Ecological restoration method for shallow refuse landfill of urban core mountainous region

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological restoration method for an urban core mountainous region shallow refuse landfill, relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and provides the ecological restoration method for the urban core mountainous region shallow refuse landfill, which comprises the following steps of: accurately acquiring the refuse content through topographic surveying and mapping and topographic survey of the urban core mountainous region shallow refuse landfill; the method comprises the following steps: sampling and analyzing the distribution and soil, air and runoff pollution, so that garbage classification treatment, mountain land disaster hidden danger removal and soil, runoff and air pollution purification treatment of the shallow garbage dump in the urban core mountain land are carried out, and a landscape place is formed to carry out ecological restoration for many years. Different from the prior art that only the shallow-layer refuse landfill is sealed, excavated and incinerated, the method is used for ecological restoration of the shallow-layer refuse landfill of the urban core mountainous region developed on the basis of habitat optimization, and the method has the effects that the ecological environment is accurately and comprehensively restored, and an excellent landscape environment is kept and formed for a long time through ecological restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular to an ecological restoration method for a shallow garbage landfill in a core mountain area of ​​an urban area. Background Art

[0002] The purpose of setting up shallow landfills in the mountains, forests and green spaces around the city is to solve the problem of urban garbage by gradually digesting it through natural degradation, away from the human settlement environment. With the rapid development of urban construction, mountains, forests and green spaces are quickly becoming the core areas of the city, while landfills have become the ecological cancer of the core areas of the city. The existing technology only has the in-situ closure of existing polluted sites, garbage screening and utilization, and relocation. There is no targeted solution for the sponge flood retention in the mountains, the continuous elimination of heavy metals, polluted gases and polluted water quality that have spilled out during the previous natural digestion process, and it is impossible to quickly transform such brownfields into urban rest function spaces. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for ecological restoration of shallow landfills in urban core mountains to solve the technical problem of "pollution caused by landfills".

[0004] The present application provides an ecological restoration method for a shallow landfill in a core mountainous area of ​​an urban area, which adopts the following technical solution: it comprises the following steps: Step S1, drone aerial photography and terrain mapping are performed on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city to obtain site images and topographic maps, and the terrain plane is analyzed and processed to determine the scope of the ecological restoration content; Step S2, conducting geological exploration of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, collecting samples of garbage, soil, runoff and air on the site, and analyzing the components of the sampled specimens, and conducting environmental assessment analysis, so as to determine the garbage composition, scope, and pollution scope and proportion caused by the shallow landfill; Step S3, according to the landfill garbage and pollution area information described in the environmental impact assessment, the garbage and pollution sources of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city are excavated and classified, and the landscape division of the pollution-free area and the ecological restoration area is formed by replacing the soil with the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park; Step S4, forming a mountain sponge space based on the base of the uncontaminated area; and forming a long-term ecological restoration space based on the ecological restoration area.

[0005] Optionally, in step S1, drone aerial photography and topographic mapping are performed on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city to obtain site images and topographic maps, and the topographic plane is analyzed and processed to determine the specific scope of the ecological restoration content; Step S10, 1. Performing drone aerial photography and terrain mapping on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, so as to determine the core area and radiation area of ​​the pollution range; Step S102, determining the scope of potential geological disasters such as mountain flood channels and surrounding landslides based on the site scope and terrain data; Step S103, according to the site scope and terrain data, the number and species of trees to be retained at present, and the locations; Step S104, opening a flood discharge ditch in the mountain flood channel, planting soil-fixing green plants on both sides of the flood discharge ditch; setting buffer depressions in the middle and tail sections of the flood discharge ditch according to the terrain; Step S105, laying gravel at the bottom of the buffer depression; the gravel is fixed by wire mesh; Step S106, the buffer depression is connected to the mountain sponge space through a plurality of buffer tributaries; Step S107, setting a buffer zone in the landslide prone area, wherein the buffer zone is composed of shrubs and green plants; Step S108, opening a drainage channel from top to bottom along the mountain in the landslide-prone area, wherein the drainage channel is used to reduce soil moisture content; Step S109, digging a drainage channel at the bottom of the mountain; planting tree buffer zones on both sides of the drainage channel; the drainage channel, flood discharge ditch and buffer depression are all connected to the drainage channel.

[0006] Optionally, collect garbage, soil, runoff and air samples from the site, analyze the components of the samples, and conduct environmental assessment analysis to determine the composition of the garbage in the shallow landfill, the scope and the scope and proportion of the pollution caused by it, including: Step S201, according to the above, geological exploration is conducted on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, soil, runoff and air sampling samples are collected from the site, and the sampled specimens are analyzed and processed for components, and environmental assessment work is carried out; Step S202, based on the environmental assessment work, the depth, scope and main components of the current landfill are determined through demonstration.

[0007] Step S203, according to the environmental assessment work, the main pollution components and range of the soil, the type, content and distribution depth and range of heavy metals are determined through demonstration; Step S204, according to the environmental assessment work, the current situation is determined through demonstration to obtain the corrosiveness of surface and underground runoff and the heavy metals, harmful bacteria types and contents contained therein; Step S205, based on the environmental assessment work, the current odor concentration and the types and contents of gaseous pollutants are determined through demonstration.

[0008] Optionally, in step S3, garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed in the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city according to the landfill garbage and pollution area information in the environmental impact assessment, and the landscape division of the pollution-free area and the ecological restoration area is formed by replacing the soil with the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park. Specifically, Step S301, according to the composition of the garbage buried in the shallow landfill, the garbage is sorted and processed within a certain range, so as to achieve the purification of the mountain pollution source; Step S302, according to the scope of the soil pollution core area and the radiation area, the depth information and the information of different heavy metal contents and organic matter contained therein, soil excavation and terrain soil replacement are performed in the corresponding scope and depth, so as to achieve soil pollutant purification; Step S303, according to the surface and underground runoff information, digging and percolation layer processing are performed to achieve mountain water source purification; Step S304, according to the air pollution component information, the organic matter volatilization source is excavated and replaced to achieve mountain air purification; Step S305, according to the composition, scope, soil in the contaminated area, runoff and air pollution information of the landfill garbage described in the environmental impact assessment, the garbage and pollution sources in the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city are excavated and classified, and according to the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, the terrain soil is replaced and covered with planting soil to achieve the base distinction between the ecological restoration area and the uncontaminated area.

[0009] Optionally, in step S4, a mountain sponge space is formed according to the base of the uncontaminated area; and a long-term ecological restoration space can be formed according to the ecological restoration area, specifically including: Step S401, according to the demand for flood discharge and flood retention in the mountain area, sponge spaces such as permeable mountain park entrance, parking lot, dry creek square, etc. are set up, so as to form a sponge space for absorbing and delaying flood in the mountain area; Step S402: According to the plant's habit of eliminating inorganic substances and heavy metals, and its habit of purifying air, an ecological restoration space is set up in combination with the reserved tree species, thereby achieving a long-term plant ecological restoration function. Optionally, according to step S305, the ecological restoration area is distinguished from the base of the uncontaminated area; Step S306, setting up a water storage area in the low-lying area of ​​the ecological restoration area, the water storage area is used to store rainwater in the ecological restoration area; Step S307, constructing a drainage ditch between the ecological restoration area and the non-polluted area; the drainage ditch discharges water into the water storage area set up in the ecological restoration area; the drainage ditch is used to isolate rainwater in the ecological restoration area from water sources in the non-polluted area; Step S308, planting vegetation capable of treating heavy metals in the edge area of ​​the water storage area according to the heavy metal content information.

[0010] Optionally, in step S110, a winding trail is constructed on the side of the mountain flood channel close to the mountain, and trees are planted on both sides of the winding trail; and a viewing platform is set at the buffer depression of the winding trail.

[0011] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention provides an ecological restoration method for shallow landfills in urban core mountains. The method includes using drones to take aerial photos and perform topographic mapping of shallow landfills in urban core mountains, thereby obtaining images of the site and topographic maps, and analyzing and processing the topographic plane to determine the scope of ecological restoration, the scope of mountain water conservation, the number and variety of trees to be retained, and the location. Ecological restoration points, viewing points, mountain sponge space points, and water flow directions can be set according to local conditions, based on the mountain trend and water flow distribution, to reduce the damage caused by natural disasters to landscape facilities and natural restoration vegetation, and reduce the losses caused by natural disasters.

[0012] 2. Conduct geological surveys on the ecological restoration scope of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, collect soil, runoff and air sampling samples on the site, and perform component analysis on the sampled specimens to conduct environmental assessment analysis, so as to determine the soil pollution components and proportions of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, as well as the composition and distribution of garbage in order to facilitate targeted treatment of pollution sources. According to the soil pollution type and soil pH obtained from the assessment information, different plants are planted to decompose and fix the pollution sources in the soil, thereby improving the survival rate of plants planted at the pollution points and reducing the pollution of the pollution sources at the pollution points to the terminal environment.

[0013] The acidity and alkalinity of surface and underground runoff, the types and quantities of pathogens contained, the air quality and pollutant content, and the garbage and pollution sources of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city are excavated and classified according to the information on landfill garbage and contaminated areas described in the environmental impact assessment. The existing contaminated sites are sealed, incinerated and transported. Ecological restoration work is carried out based on the impact of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city on the soil, water quality and air. The pollution sources at the polluted points are treated by excavation, transportation, incineration and other treatments to reduce the continuous pollution of the pollution sources to the environment.

[0014] 3. A mountain sponge space is formed based on the base of the unpolluted area. A long-term ecological restoration space can be formed based on the ecological restoration area. A sponge space is set up according to the needs of mountain flood discharge and retention to reduce the impact of rainy season floods on the lives of residents living at the foot of the mountain. The water storage function of the sponge space can provide plants with sufficient water in the dry season, effectively preventing vegetation from withering due to drought, allowing vegetation to continue to repair the environment and reduce losses caused by vegetation death.

[0015] 4. Through the precise division and zoning construction of polluted ecological restoration areas and mountain sponge areas, the ecological restoration of polluted restoration areas and the mountain sponge effect of unpolluted areas can be achieved; combined with the overall landscape layout of urban mountain parks, the landfill is used to form a landscape division between non-polluted areas and ecological restoration areas, and the non-polluted areas are isolated from the ecological restoration areas, reducing the pollution of pollution sources in the ecological restoration areas to the non-polluted areas 5. Through the ecological degradation of pollutants by different ecological restoration plant species, long-term ecological restoration can be achieved. Fundamentally change the state of ecological factors in urban blocks, and change the water, soil, and air quality of surrounding radiating urban areas; by planting a variety of different plants, different landscapes can be created in each season, enriching the ornamental value of the scenic area; By planting a variety of plants to meet biodiversity, we can effectively prevent damage to the environment caused by plant diseases and insect pests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 , an ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area, comprising the following steps: Step S1, drone aerial photography and terrain mapping are performed on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city to obtain site images and topographic maps, and the terrain plane is analyzed and processed to determine the scope of the ecological restoration content; By using drones to take aerial photos of shallow landfills in the core mountains of the city and collect image information, the image data can reflect the scope and area of ​​pollution and determine the areas that need ecological restoration.

[0019] Step S2, conduct geological exploration of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, collect samples of garbage, soil, runoff and air on the site, analyze the components of the sampled specimens, carry out environmental assessment analysis, and determine the composition, scope and pollution scope and proportion of the shallow landfill according to the sample analysis results; understand the degree of pollution in the area, and formulate corresponding treatment plans according to the degree and type of pollution; Step S3, according to the landfill garbage and pollution area information described in the environmental impact assessment, the garbage and pollution sources in the shallow landfill in the core mountain of the city are excavated and classified; according to the sample analysis results in step S2, the non-degradable garbage in the shallow landfill in the core mountain of the city is excavated and transported to reduce the continuous pollution caused by non-degradable garbage to the area; for degradable pollution sources, decomposing enzymes or graded fungi are added to the soil to accelerate the decomposition of pollutants; for soil with serious heavy metal pollution, soil transfer is carried out, or unpolluted soil is transferred from other places to reduce the pollution level in the area, so that vegetation for absorbing heavy metals can be planted in the area to fix and degrade heavy metals, reduce the spread of heavy metal pollution and pollution to the surrounding environment. Combined with the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, the landfill is replaced to form the landscape division of the pollution-free area and the ecological restoration area; The first implementation method is to transfer the less polluted soil to the nearby area to form high ground, plant vegetation on the high ground to fix the polluted soil, and treat and degrade the pollutants (such as heavy metals) in the polluted soil by absorbing the heavy metals through plants; after the polluted soil is transferred away, the uncontaminated soil is exposed as an uncontaminated area to form a depression, and vegetation is planted in the depression to form a mountain sponge space.

[0020] Second embodiment: when the area is seriously polluted and cannot be planted with vegetation, the soil in the area is transported to the factory and treated harmlessly. After the soil in the seriously polluted area is moved away, the area is covered with unpolluted soil. In an ecological restoration method, green plants are planted on the soil in the area to form a sea of ​​flowers. The area is ecologically restored using vegetation. After the contaminated soil in the seriously polluted area is thoroughly cleaned, the uncontaminated soil is covered to form an uncontaminated area. A depression is formed in the area, and a mountain sponge space is formed in the area.

[0021] The third embodiment: directly construct a mountain sponge space in a pollution-free area.

[0022] Step S4, forming a mountain sponge space based on the base of the uncontaminated area; forming a long-term ecological restoration space based on the ecological restoration area; the mountain sponge space can store a large amount of water during the rainy season to reduce the impact of rainwater on the downstream; during the dry season, it can replenish water to the surrounding environment through evaporation and infiltration, ensure the survival rate of planted vegetation, and reduce the death of surrounding vegetation, so that the ecological environment of the region can form a long-term ecological restoration space.

[0023] Reference Figure 1In step S1, drone aerial photography and topographic mapping are performed on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city to obtain site images and topographic maps, and the topographic plane is analyzed and processed to determine the specific scope of the ecological restoration content; Step S101 uses drone aerial photography and terrain mapping to survey the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, so as to determine the core area and radiation area of ​​the pollution range; distinguish between seriously polluted areas, slightly polluted areas, and non-polluted areas, and then take different measures to control the pollution according to the pollution situation.

[0024] Step S102, determining the existence of mountain flood channels and the scope of geological disaster risks such as landslides in the surrounding areas according to the site scope and terrain data; distinguishing the flood channels and the scope of geological disaster risks such as landslides in the surrounding areas through the terrain data, dredging or reinforcing the flood channels, and reducing the damage caused by mountain torrents to the ecology; For areas prone to landslides, preventive measures should be taken to reduce the probability of landslides and the transfer of soil from contaminated areas to uncontaminated areas due to landslides.

[0025] Step S103, according to the site scope and terrain data, the number, variety and location of trees currently reserved; the number, variety and location of trees originally reserved can be known through the collected terrain data, and the species of plants suitable for growth in the area can be determined according to the species of native trees, thereby improving the survival rate of planted plants; Building landscapes based on the location of native trees can reduce the cost of ecological restoration; Keep native tree plants in place to reduce damage to the original ecology of the area.

[0026] Step S104, opening a flood discharge ditch in the mountain flood channel, and planting soil-fixing green plants on both sides of the flood discharge ditch; opening a flood discharge ditch in the mountain flood channel is a structure in which the mountain flood channel is deep in the middle and shallow on both sides. When the rainfall is small, water flows through the middle area, and when the water volume is large, the water floods into the shallow area, thereby improving the flood discharge capacity. Planting trees on both sides of the flood discharge ditch can determine the position of the flood discharge ditch, and effectively prevent rescue personnel from mistakenly entering the flood discharge ditch when a mountain flood comes. At the same time, the soil of the flood discharge ditch can be reinforced to reduce soil erosion.

[0027] Buffer depressions are set up in the middle and tail sections of the flood discharge ditch according to the terrain; the buffer depressions have the functions of storing water and slowing down water flow. When mountain torrents are in the dry season, the water stored in the buffer depressions can provide moisture to the surrounding vegetation through evaporation and infiltration, reducing vegetation withering; when the mountain torrents pour down during the rainy season, the water surface expands, which can effectively slow down the speed of the mountain torrent flow and reduce the damage to the ecological environment caused by the excessive impact force of the mountain torrents.

[0028] Buffer depressions can provide water sources for surrounding animals and increase ecological species diversity.

[0029] Step S105, laying gravel at the bottom of the buffer depression; the gravel is fixed by wire mesh; the gravel can reduce the erosion of soil at the bottom of the buffer depression caused by mountain torrents and reduce soil erosion; the gravel is fixed by wire mesh to reduce the gravel being carried away by mountain torrents.

[0030] Step S106, the buffer depression is connected to the mountain sponge space through multiple buffer tributaries; when mountain torrents come during the rainy season, the water level of the buffer depression rises, and the water in the buffer depression can flow away through multiple tributaries, reducing the water volume in the main trunk of the main flood discharge channel and reducing the damage caused by mountain torrents to the ecology.

[0031] Step S107, setting a buffer zone in the landslide-prone area, wherein the buffer zone is shrubs and green plants; setting the slope in the landslide-prone area into a terraced structure to reduce the slope of the mountain, planting shrubs on the terraces, and reinforcing the soil through plant roots to reduce the occurrence of landslides; Step S108, opening a drainage channel from top to bottom along the mountain in the landslide-prone area, and the drainage channel is used to reduce the moisture content of the soil; opening a drainage channel from top to bottom in the mountain prone to landslides, when there is sufficient rain, rainwater on the mountain can quickly flow to the drainage channel, and the water can be drained away in time, reducing water accumulation inside the mountain, thereby reducing the occurrence of landslides.

[0032] Step S109, digging a drainage channel at the bottom of the mountain; planting tree buffer zones on both sides of the drainage channel; the drainage channel, flood discharge ditch and buffer depression are all connected to the drainage channel; the flood discharge channel can drain mountain torrents in time to reduce the damage of mountain torrents to the ecology; Tree buffer zones are planted on both sides of the drainage channels. The trees can reduce soil loss in the drainage channels. At the same time, when a landslide occurs, they can buffer and block the soil that has come down, reducing the amount of soil from the landslide that enters the drainage channels, effectively preventing blockage of the drainage channels and causing serious damage to the ecological environment due to mountain torrents not being discharged in time.

[0033] Furthermore, samples of garbage, soil, runoff and air are collected from the site, and the sampled specimens are analyzed and processed for composition, and environmental assessment analysis is conducted to determine the composition of garbage in the shallow landfill, the scope, and the scope and proportion of pollution caused by it, including: Step S201, according to the above, geological exploration is conducted on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, soil, runoff and air sampling samples are collected from the site, and the sampled specimens are analyzed and processed for components, and environmental assessment work is carried out; Step S202, based on the environmental assessment work, the depth, scope and main components of the current landfill are determined through demonstration; soil is collected through geological survey to determine the depth of the landfill in the area, so as to facilitate the excavation of the garbage and wash out the indecomposable pollutants.

[0034] Step S203, according to the environmental assessment work, the main pollution components and range of the soil, the type, content and distribution depth and range of heavy metals are determined through demonstration; soil samples of the area are collected by multi-point drilling, and the soil samples are tested and analyzed to obtain the pollution situation and pollution depth of each point. The pollution area is divided into an unpolluted area, a slightly polluted area and a seriously polluted area through analysis, so as to formulate a pollution control plan according to the pollution situation; Step S204, according to the environmental assessment work, the current status is determined through demonstration to obtain the corrosiveness of surface and underground runoff and the heavy metals contained, the type and content of harmful bacteria; the corrosiveness of the runoff and the heavy metals contained are judged by the collected samples. If the heavy metals seriously exceed the standard or the soil is highly corrosive, the vegetation cannot survive and the soil needs to be transferred to the factory for harmless treatment of the soil; the newly contaminated soil is transferred, vegetation is planted, and the ecology of the area is repaired; when the heavy metal content of the soil is seriously within an appropriate range or the corrosiveness is not too strong, according to the soil conditions, the soil is mixed and concentratedly piled up, and pits are dug in the piled soil and filled with new soil. According to the pH value of the soil and the heavy metal content, suitable vegetation is planted to repair the soil ecology and absorb and fix the heavy metals.

[0035] Step S205, according to the environmental assessment work, the current odor concentration and the type and content of gaseous pollutants are determined through demonstration; the gas in the area is sampled and analyzed by gas collection method, and the odor concentration and the type and content of gaseous pollutants, as well as the source of the odor, are determined to facilitate odor control.

[0036] Optionally, in step S3, garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed in the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city according to the landfill garbage and pollution area information in the environmental impact assessment, and the landscape division of the pollution-free area and the ecological restoration area is formed by replacing the soil with the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park. Specifically, Step S301, according to the composition of the garbage buried in the shallow landfill, the garbage is sorted and processed within a certain range, so as to achieve the purification of the mountain pollution source; Step S302, according to the scope of the soil pollution core area and the radiation area, the depth information and the information of different heavy metal contents and organic matter contained therein, soil excavation and terrain soil replacement are performed in the corresponding scope and depth, so as to achieve soil pollutant purification; Step S303, according to the surface and underground runoff information, digging and percolation layer processing are performed to achieve mountain water source purification; Step S304, according to the air pollution component information, the organic matter volatilization source is excavated and replaced to achieve mountain air purification; Step S305, according to the composition, scope, soil in the contaminated area, runoff and air pollution information of the landfill garbage described in the environmental impact assessment, the garbage and pollution sources in the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city are excavated and classified, and according to the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, the terrain soil is replaced and covered with planting soil to achieve the base distinction between the ecological restoration area and the uncontaminated area.

[0037] Optionally, in step S4, a mountain sponge space is formed according to the base of the uncontaminated area; and a long-term ecological restoration space can be formed according to the ecological restoration area, specifically including: Step S401, according to the demand for flood discharge and flood retention in the mountain area, sponge spaces such as permeable mountain park entrance, parking lot, dry creek square, etc. are set up, so as to form a sponge space for absorbing and delaying flood in the mountain area; Step S402: According to the plant's habit of eliminating inorganic substances and heavy metals, and its habit of purifying air, an ecological restoration space is set up in combination with the reserved tree species, thereby achieving a long-term plant ecological restoration function. Optionally, in step S306, a water storage area is set in the low-lying part of the ecological restoration area, and the water storage area is used to store rainwater in the ecological restoration area; the ecological restoration area is set to be high on all sides and low in the middle to form a water storage area, so that rainwater in the area can be concentrated in the water storage area in the low-lying middle area, reducing the spread of surface water in the ecological restoration area to the surrounding areas and reducing pollution to surrounding water sources; Step S307, construct a drainage ditch between the ecological restoration area and the non-polluting area; the drainage ditch discharges water into the water storage area set up in the ecological restoration area; the drainage ditch is used to isolate rainwater in the ecological restoration area from water sources in the non-polluting area; when it rains, rainwater in the ecological restoration area flows into the drainage ditch, and then flows into the water storage area set up in the ecological restoration area through the drainage ditch, thereby reducing the rainwater in the ecological restoration area from entering the mountain sponge space in the non-polluting area, causing greater pollution to the surface water in the non-polluting area.

[0038] Step S308, planting vegetation that can process heavy metals in the edge area of ​​the water storage area according to the heavy metal content information, absorbing and fixing the heavy metals in the water through the vegetation, and reducing the diffusion of heavy metals through the water flow.

[0039] Optionally, in step S110, a winding trail is built on the side of the mountain flood channel close to the mountain, and trees are planted on both sides of the winding trail; a viewing platform is set at the buffer depression of the winding trail; the winding trail is convenient for tourists to appreciate the surrounding natural scenery; the trees planted on both sides of the winding trail can provide shade for tourists, provide climbing support for tourists, and effectively prevent falling rocks from causing harm to tourists.

[0040] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: A method for ecological restoration of shallow landfills in urban core mountains, during use.

[0041] The embodiments of this specific implementation are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. The same components are represented by the same figure marks. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of shallow landfills in urban core mountainous areas, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step S1, drone aerial photography and terrain mapping are performed on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city to obtain site images and topographic maps, and the terrain plane is analyzed and processed to determine the scope of the ecological restoration content; Step S2, conducting geological exploration of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, collecting samples of garbage, soil, runoff and air on the site, and analyzing the components of the sampled specimens, and conducting environmental assessment analysis, so as to determine the garbage composition, scope, and pollution scope and proportion caused by the shallow landfill; Step S3, according to the landfill garbage and pollution area information described in the environmental impact assessment, the garbage and pollution sources of the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city are excavated and classified, and the landscape division of the pollution-free area and the ecological restoration area is formed by replacing the soil with the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park; Step S4, forming a mountain sponge space based on the base of the uncontaminated area; and forming a long-term ecological restoration space based on the ecological restoration area.

2. The ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, drone aerial photography and topographic mapping are performed on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city to obtain site images and topographic maps, and the topographic plane is analyzed and processed to determine the specific scope of the ecological restoration content; Step S101: drone aerial photography and terrain mapping are performed on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city to determine the core area and radiation area of ​​the pollution range; Step S102, determining the scope of potential geological disasters such as mountain flood channels and surrounding landslides based on the site scope and terrain data; Step S103, according to the site scope and terrain data, the number and species of trees and their locations are retained.

3. The ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: According to step S102, a treatment plan for the area where there are potential geological disasters such as mountain flood channels and surrounding landslides is determined; Step S104, opening a flood discharge ditch in the mountain flood channel, planting soil-fixing green plants on both sides of the flood discharge ditch; setting buffer depressions in the middle and tail sections of the flood discharge ditch according to the terrain; Step S105, laying gravel at the bottom of the buffer depression; the gravel is fixed by wire mesh; Step S106, the buffer depression is connected to the mountain sponge space through a plurality of buffer tributaries; Step S107, setting a buffer zone in the landslide prone area, wherein the buffer zone is composed of shrubs and green plants; Step S108, opening a drainage channel from top to bottom along the mountain in the landslide-prone area, wherein the drainage channel is used to reduce soil moisture content; Step S109, digging a drainage channel at the bottom of the mountain; planting tree buffer zones on both sides of the drainage channel; the drainage channel, flood discharge ditch and buffer depression are all connected to the drainage channel.

4. The ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, geological exploration is conducted on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, and samples of garbage, soil, runoff and air are collected from the site. The sampled specimens are analyzed and processed for components, and environmental assessment analysis is carried out to determine the composition of garbage in the shallow landfill, the scope, and the scope and proportion of pollution caused by the shallow landfill; Step S201, according to the above, geological exploration is conducted on the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city, soil, runoff and air sampling samples are collected from the site, and the sampled specimens are analyzed and processed for components, and environmental assessment work is carried out; Step S202, according to the environmental assessment work, the depth, scope and main components of the current landfill are determined through demonstration; Step S203, according to the environmental assessment work, the main pollution components and range of the soil, the type, content and distribution depth and range of heavy metals are determined through demonstration; Step S204, according to the environmental assessment work, the current situation is determined through demonstration; Step S205, based on the environmental assessment work, the current odor concentration and the types and contents of gaseous pollutants are determined through demonstration.

5. The ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed in the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city according to the landfill garbage and pollution area information in the environmental assessment, and the landscape division of the pollution-free area and the ecological restoration area is formed by replacing the soil with the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park. Specifically, Step S301, according to the composition of the garbage buried in the shallow landfill, the garbage is sorted and processed within a certain range, so as to achieve the purification of the mountain pollution source; Step S302, according to the scope of the soil pollution core area and the radiation area, the depth information and the information of different heavy metal contents and organic matter contained therein, soil excavation and terrain soil replacement are performed in the corresponding scope and depth, so as to achieve soil pollutant purification; Step S303, according to the surface and underground runoff information, digging and percolation layer processing are performed to achieve mountain water source purification; Step S304, according to the air pollution component information, the organic matter volatilization source is excavated and replaced to achieve mountain air purification; Step S305, according to the composition, scope, soil in the contaminated area, runoff and air pollution information of the landfill garbage described in the environmental impact assessment, the garbage and pollution sources in the shallow landfill in the core mountain area of ​​the city are excavated and classified, and according to the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, the terrain soil is replaced and covered with planting soil to achieve the base distinction between the ecological restoration area and the uncontaminated area.

6. The ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4, a mountain sponge space is formed according to the base of the uncontaminated area; and a long-term ecological restoration space can be formed according to the ecological restoration area, specifically including: Step S401, according to the demand for flood discharge and flood retention in the mountain area, a sponge space is set up, and the sponge space is used to absorb mountain floods and delay floods; the sponge space includes the entrance of the permeable mountain park, a parking lot, and a dry creek square; Step S402, according to the plant's ablation habits of inorganic matter and heavy metals, and air purification habits, combined with the retained tree species, an ecological restoration space is set up to achieve a long-term plant ecological restoration function.

7. The ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S305, the ecological restoration area is distinguished from the base of the uncontaminated area; Step S306, setting up a water storage area in the low-lying area of ​​the ecological restoration area, the water storage area is used to store rainwater in the ecological restoration area; Step S307, constructing a drainage ditch between the ecological restoration area and the non-polluted area; the drainage ditch discharges water into the water storage area set up in the ecological restoration area; the drainage ditch is used to isolate rainwater in the ecological restoration area from water sources in the non-polluted area; Step S308, planting vegetation capable of treating heavy metals in the edge area of ​​the water storage area according to the heavy metal content information.

8. The ecological restoration method for shallow landfill in urban core mountain area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S110, constructing a winding mountain trail on the side of the mountain flood channel close to the mountain, planting trees on both sides of the winding mountain trail; and setting a viewing platform on the winding mountain trail at the buffer depression.

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