Combined ventilation mast suitable for ammonia fuel powered ship

Abstract

A combined ventilation mast suitable for an ammonia fuel powered ship is composed of a main ventilation mast and two sets of auxiliary ventilation masts, the two sets of auxiliary ventilation masts are the first auxiliary ventilation mast set and the second auxiliary ventilation mast set respectively, the first auxiliary ventilation mast set is composed of a plurality of first auxiliary ventilation masts, and the second auxiliary ventilation mast set is composed of a plurality of second auxiliary ventilation masts. The first auxiliary ventilation mast group is composed of a plurality of first auxiliary ventilation masts, the second auxiliary ventilation mast group is composed of a plurality of second auxiliary ventilation masts, the number of the first auxiliary ventilation masts is the same as that of the second auxiliary ventilation masts, the first auxiliary ventilation masts and the second auxiliary ventilation masts are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the main ventilation mast, the heights of the first auxiliary ventilation masts are sequentially reduced, and the heights of the second auxiliary ventilation masts are sequentially reduced. And in the first auxiliary ventilation mast group, the first auxiliary ventilation mast with the lowest height is higher than the second auxiliary ventilation mast with the highest height in the second auxiliary ventilation mast group. The staggered lowering mode helps all the auxiliary air outlets to be staggered to the maximum degree in height and angle, so that secondary diffusion of toxic areas caused by pressure difference among all the ventilation pipelines when ammonia gas leaks is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of marine ship design and construction, and in particular relates to a combined breathable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel powered ship. Background Art

[0002] As people pay more attention to environmental protection, the requirements for CO2 emissions continue to increase. Compared with LNG and methanol, which are still carbon-based, ammonia is highly expected as a zero-carbon fuel. However, ammonia has a fatal disadvantage, which is toxicity. Therefore, the ventilation layout of ammonia fuel-powered ships is extremely important.

[0003] Conventional ships generally use local ventilation for workrooms, but due to the toxicity of ammonia fuel, each room where ammonia leakage may occur (such as ammonia fuel storage tanks, ammonia fuel preparation rooms, etc.) will have a toxic area within a certain range of the air outlet. If the workroom where ammonia leakage may occur still uses local ventilation, the scope of the toxic area will be greatly increased, making it impossible for personnel to pass and work normally on the ship; if the ventilation of these rooms is gathered in one place (ventilation mast), when ammonia leaks in a room, ammonia will flow to the ventilation mast through the ventilation duct, but the pressure difference at the ventilation gathering point will cause the air in the low-pressure room to flow back, causing the leaked ammonia to flow through the ventilation mast and the air duct into the room where there is no ammonia leakage, posing a major threat to the safety of the crew. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a combined ventilation mast suitable for ammonia fuel powered ships, aiming to solve the ventilation problem of the work room where ammonia leaks, avoid the large-area toxic area or multiple enhanced height-increasing ventilation designs caused by local ventilation, ensure personnel safety, reduce visual obstructions, save steel, and facilitate maintenance; at the same time, reduce the number of dangerous sources in ammonia diffusion analysis, and ensure that the crew can still safely enter the work room for emergency repairs and normal work when ammonia leaks. The technical solution adopted is: The utility model discloses a combined ventilation mast suitable for an ammonia fuel powered ship. The combined ventilation mast is fixed on the main deck and consists of a main ventilation mast and two sets of auxiliary ventilation masts. The main ventilation mast is located in the center, and the two sets of auxiliary ventilation masts surround the main ventilation mast in a circle.

[0005] The two groups of sub-ventilation masts are the first sub-ventilation mast group and the second sub-ventilation mast group. The first sub-ventilation mast group is composed of multiple first sub-ventilation masts, and the second sub-ventilation mast group is composed of multiple second sub-ventilation masts. The number of first sub-ventilation masts is the same as the number of second sub-ventilation masts. The multiple first sub-ventilation masts and the multiple second sub-ventilation masts are alternately arranged in the circumference of the main ventilation mast. The heights of the multiple first sub-ventilation masts decrease successively, and the heights of the multiple second sub-ventilation masts decrease successively. In the first sub-ventilation mast group, the first sub-ventilation mast with the lowest height is higher than the second sub-ventilation mast with the highest height in the second sub-ventilation mast group.

[0006] The main ventilation mast is connected to the room with a large amount of ammonia leakage, the first auxiliary ventilation mast group is connected to the room with a small amount of ammonia leakage on one side of the ship, and the second auxiliary ventilation mast group is connected to the room with a small amount of ammonia leakage on the other side of the ship.

[0007] The above-mentioned combined ventilation mast suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships, further, the first auxiliary ventilation mast and the second auxiliary ventilation mast are both equipped with auxiliary ventilation pipelines, the main ventilation mast is connected to the main ventilation pipeline via a connecting pipeline, and the first auxiliary ventilation mast and the second auxiliary ventilation mast are connected to the auxiliary ventilation pipeline via a connecting pipeline.

[0008] The above-mentioned combined ventilation mast is suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships. Furthermore, each room with less ammonia leakage is connected to a first ventilation mast or a second ventilation mast, and the rooms with less ammonia leakage are the ammonia fuel preparation room, ammonia water collection cabinet, filling station, and TCS room.

[0009] The above-mentioned combined breathable mast is suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship. Furthermore, the room with a large amount of ammonia leakage is an ammonia fuel storage tank.

[0010] The above-mentioned combined ventilation mast suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships, further, the combined ventilation mast is also provided with a maintenance passage, each of the first ventilation mast and the second ventilation mast is provided with a maintenance platform, and the maintenance platform is connected to the maintenance passage.

[0011] The above-mentioned combined breathable mast suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships, further, the highest first breathable mast in the first breathable mast group is 1 to 4 meters lower than the main breathable mast, and the highest second breathable mast in the second breathable mast group is 1 to 4 meters lower than the lowest first breathable mast in the first breathable mast group.

[0012] The above-mentioned combined breathable mast suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships, further, has hood heads arranged on the tops of the main breathable mast, the first auxiliary breathable mast and the second auxiliary breathable mast.

[0013] The above-mentioned combined breathable mast suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships further has an alarm and a water spray device provided in the hood head.

[0014] The above-mentioned combined ventilation mast suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships, further, has an ammonia water collecting cabinet at the bottom of the ventilation mast.

[0015] The above-mentioned combined breathable mast suitable for ammonia fuel-powered ships, further, has an integrated structural frame connected to the ammonia fuel preparation room and the ammonia fuel storage tank at the bottom of the breathable mast.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The conventional ventilation mast has only one main mast, but when encountering toxic gases, if the ventilation of each room converges at one place, the ventilation will flow back due to negative pressure, that is, the air in one room flows to other rooms through the ventilation mast, causing secondary diffusion of toxic gases. The combined ventilation mast of the present invention arranges multiple auxiliary ventilation pipelines around the main pipeline in a spiral staggered manner, thereby solving the problem of too many toxic areas in ammonia fuel ships leading to inability to meet safe ventilation requirements, and completely avoiding the problem of secondary diffusion of gases.

[0017] 2. The clever design uses the maintenance channel and maintenance platform structure, which not only has the maintenance function, but also provides structural support and constrains the main and secondary vents.

[0018] 3. The design of the rotatable hood on the main vent helps the toxic gas in the ventilation mast to be quickly discharged with the help of external wind, and keeps the toxic gas away from the living building by controlling the exhaust direction.

[0019] 4. Gas detection is installed inside the hood to help identify toxic gases, helping crew members to detect dangerous situations and discharge toxic gases as early as possible, thereby enhancing safety.

[0020] 5. A water spray device and an ammonia collection cabinet are installed inside the hood to reduce the volume of toxic gases emitted into the atmosphere, protect the marine and air environment, and enhance environmental protection.

[0021] 6. The use of the ammonia fuel powered ship of the present invention not only reduces the empty ship weight, but also improves the ship's aesthetics, economy and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Middle AA perspective, top view of the combined breathable mast; Among them, 1-No. 1 ventilation mast, 2-No. 2 ventilation mast, 3-No. 3 ventilation mast, 4-No. 4 ventilation mast, 5-No. 5 ventilation mast, 6-No. 6 ventilation mast, 7-main ventilation mast, 8-maintenance passage, 9-maintenance platform, 10-integrated structural frame, 11-wind hood head, 12-ammonia fuel preparation room, 13-filling station, 14-TCS room, 15-ammonia fuel storage tank, 16-ammonia water collection cabinet, a1, a2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6-ventilation pipelines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, a combined ventilation mast suitable for an ammonia fuel powered ship is vertically built on the main deck of the hull, with an overall height of 10 to 28 meters. The ventilation mast consists of a main ventilation mast and two groups of auxiliary ventilation masts arranged around the main ventilation mast, namely the first auxiliary ventilation mast group and the second auxiliary ventilation mast group. The first auxiliary ventilation mast group consists of three first auxiliary ventilation masts, namely ventilation mast No. 1, ventilation mast No. 3, and ventilation mast No. 5, and the second auxiliary ventilation mast group consists of three second auxiliary ventilation masts, namely ventilation mast No. 2, ventilation mast No. 4, and ventilation mast No. 6. Next to the combined ventilation mast, there is a maintenance passage from the deck directly to the top of the ventilation mast. An inspection platform is provided at the air outlet of each first auxiliary ventilation mast and the second auxiliary ventilation mast. The inspection passage passes through each inspection platform, and a fence for protecting personnel is provided on the inspection passage. The maintenance channel is generally close to the bow side and avoids all air outlet directions. The maintenance channel is built on the outside of the maintenance platform, and the two support each other. The structural design of the maintenance channel also has the function of protecting and fixing the secondary vents.

[0025] At the bottom of the ventilation mast, there is an integrated structural frame connected to the ammonia fuel preparation room, ammonia water collection cabinet, and ammonia fuel storage tank. While providing structural support for the ventilation mast, it saves part of the maintenance passage and can lead to the ammonia fuel preparation room and the TCS room on the top of the ammonia fuel storage tank, making it convenient for maintenance personnel to walk between them. At the same time, it saves steel and layout space, and has good aesthetics and practicality.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the main ventilation mast is located in the center, three first secondary ventilation masts and three second secondary ventilation masts are alternately arranged in the circumference of the main ventilation mast, the heights of ventilation mast No. 1, ventilation mast No. 3 and ventilation mast No. 5 decrease successively, and the heights of ventilation mast No. 2, ventilation mast No. 4 and ventilation mast No. 6 decrease successively. In the first secondary ventilation mast group, the height of ventilation mast No. 1 is less than the height of the main ventilation mast, and the height of ventilation mast No. 5 is greater than the height of ventilation mast No. 2.

[0027] The main ventilation mast is connected to the room with a large amount of ammonia leakage, the first auxiliary ventilation mast group is connected to the room with less ammonia leakage on one side of the ship, and the second auxiliary ventilation mast group is connected to the room with less ammonia leakage on the other side of the ship. The rooms with less leakage include TCS room, filling station, ammonia fuel preparation room, and ammonia water collection cabinet. The top air outlets of the main ventilation mast, multiple first auxiliary ventilation masts, and multiple second auxiliary ventilation masts are all equipped with hood heads to play the role of wind and rain protection and diversion. The hood head can rotate in real time according to the analysis results provided by the wind vane to ensure that the air outlet direction is consistent with the external environment wind direction, helping ammonia to be discharged at the fastest speed while preventing ammonia from flowing into the living building. Ammonia is highly soluble in water. When the alarm detects that the ammonia concentration at the air outlet reaches the dangerous critical value, the water spray device is activated to absorb ammonia. An ammonia water collection cabinet is provided at the bottom of the ventilation mast to collect toxic ammonia water.

[0028] The main ventilation mast body is a round tube that runs through from top to bottom. The bottom of the main ventilation mast is fixed on the main deck. The main ventilation mast has a main ventilation pipeline. The first and second auxiliary ventilation masts have auxiliary ventilation pipelines. The main ventilation mast is connected to the main ventilation pipeline via a connecting pipeline. The first and second auxiliary ventilation masts are connected to the auxiliary ventilation pipeline via a connecting pipeline. The main ventilation mast is connected to the ammonia fuel storage tank through a connecting pipeline. The ship is provided with one or more ammonia fuel storage tanks. The ammonia fuel storage tank is provided with local ventilation equipment such as exhaust valves. When the ammonia fuel storage tank is overpressured (ammonia changes from liquid to gas and the volume increases, causing the pressure in the ammonia fuel storage tank to increase), the ammonia is connected to the main ventilation pipeline through the connecting pipeline, and then connected to the main ventilation mast through the main ventilation pipeline, and finally discharged to the outside through the hood head. All other ammonia fuel storage tanks are connected to the main ventilation pipeline via connecting pipelines, and finally all ammonia fuel storage tanks can be ventilated through the main ventilation mast 7.

[0029] There is a TCS room and a filling station on each side of the ship. The TCS room, filling station, and ammonia fuel preparation room on one side of the ship are connected to the first secondary ventilation mast group, and the TCS room, filling station, and ammonia water collection cabinet on the other side of the ship are connected to the second secondary ventilation mast group. Exhaust fans and other local air outlet equipment are installed inside the TCS room, filling station, ammonia fuel preparation room, and ammonia water collection cabinet. Intake fans and other local air intake equipment are installed on the top of the TCS room, filling station, ammonia fuel preparation room, and ammonia water collection cabinet. Outside air flows in from the local air intake equipment, flows out from the local air outlet equipment, and then connects to the secondary ventilation pipeline of the ventilation mast through the connecting pipeline, and finally is discharged to the outside from the top of the secondary ventilation pipeline, finally achieving the purpose of ventilation and air exchange for TCS and other rooms.

[0030] All the above rooms are airtight except for the local air inlet and outlet devices. The air inlet and outlet devices are connected to the room structure through airtight flanges (or other airtight connectors) to ensure that the room can only be ventilated through the air inlet and outlet devices.

[0031] The outlet of the ventilation mast No. 1 is one level lower than the main outlet, and the height of one level is about 1 to 4 meters (the height of the level depends on the number of auxiliary vents and the height of the main vent); the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 3 is one level lower than the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 1; the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 5 is one level lower than the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 3; the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 2 is one level lower than the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 5; the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 4 is one level lower than the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 2; the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 6 is one level lower than the outlet of the ventilation mast No. 4. According to the relevance, importance and leakage probability of each room connected by the ventilation mast ventilation pipeline, the matching of ventilation ducts and rooms is selected. The main ventilation mast is connected to the ammonia fuel storage tanks on both sides of the ship through ventilation pipelines a1 and a2 respectively, ventilation mast No. 1 is connected to the TCS room on one side of the ship through ventilation pipeline b1, ventilation mast No. 2 is connected to the TCS room on the other side of the ship through ventilation pipeline b2, ventilation mast No. 3 is connected to the ammonia fuel preparation room on one side of the ship through ventilation pipeline b3, ventilation mast No. 4 is connected to the ammonia water collection cabinet on the other side of the ship through ventilation pipeline b4, ventilation mast No. 5 is connected to the filling station on one side of the ship through ventilation pipeline b5, and ventilation mast No. 6 is connected to the filling station on the other side of the ship through ventilation pipeline b6.

[0032] This staggered lowering method helps each auxiliary air outlet to be staggered to the greatest extent in height and angle, so as to avoid secondary diffusion of toxic areas due to pressure difference between ventilation ducts when ammonia leaks.

[0033] It should be noted that all the main ventilation pipes and auxiliary ventilation pipes on the ventilation mast are connected to the connecting pipes through airtight flanges (or other airtight connectors) to ensure that the gas in the pipe will not leak out at the connection and can only be exhausted through the ventilation mast. All main ventilation masts and auxiliary ventilation masts are equipped with anti-return valves on the top, which cooperate with the staggered spiral to reduce the height difference of the ventilation outlet to ensure no backflow risk.

Claims

1. A combined ventilating mast suitable for an ammonia fuel powered ship, characterized in that: The combined ventilation mast is fixed on the main deck. The overall height of the combined ventilation mast is 10~28 meters. The combined ventilation mast consists of a main ventilation mast and two sets of auxiliary ventilation masts. The main ventilation mast is located in the center, and the two sets of auxiliary ventilation masts surround the main ventilation mast in a circle. The two groups of sub-ventilation masts are respectively a first sub-ventilation mast group and a second sub-ventilation mast group. The first sub-ventilation mast group is composed of a plurality of first sub-ventilation masts, and the second sub-ventilation mast group is composed of a plurality of second sub-ventilation masts. The number of first sub-ventilation masts is the same as the number of second sub-ventilation masts. The plurality of first sub-ventilation masts and the plurality of second sub-ventilation masts are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the main ventilation mast. The heights of the plurality of first sub-ventilation masts decrease in sequence, and the heights of the plurality of second sub-ventilation masts decrease in sequence. In the first sub-ventilation mast group, the first sub-ventilation mast with the lowest height is higher than the second sub-ventilation mast with the highest height in the second sub-ventilation mast group. The main ventilation mast is connected to the room with a large amount of ammonia leakage, the first auxiliary ventilation mast group is connected to the room with a small amount of ammonia leakage on one side of the ship, and the second auxiliary ventilation mast group is connected to the room with a small amount of ammonia leakage on the other side of the ship.

2. A combined ventilating mast suitable for an ammonia fuel powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main ventilation mast is provided with a main ventilation pipeline, and the first auxiliary ventilation mast and the second auxiliary ventilation mast are both provided with auxiliary ventilation pipelines. The main ventilation mast is connected to the main ventilation pipeline via a connecting pipeline, and the first auxiliary ventilation mast and the second auxiliary ventilation mast are connected to the auxiliary ventilation pipeline via a connecting pipeline.

3. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each room with less ammonia leakage is connected to a first ventilation mast or a second ventilation mast. The rooms with less ammonia leakage are the ammonia fuel preparation room, the ammonia water collection cabinet, the filling station, and the TCS room.

4. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The room with the largest ammonia leak was the ammonia fuel storage tank.

5. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined ventilation mast is also provided with an inspection passage, and each of the first ventilation mast and the second ventilation mast is provided with an inspection platform, which is connected with the inspection passage.

6. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tallest first ventilation mast in the first ventilation mast group is 1 to 4 meters lower than the main ventilation mast, and the tallest second ventilation mast in the second ventilation mast group is 1 to 4 meters lower than the lowest first ventilation mast in the first ventilation mast group.

7. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the main ventilation mast, the first auxiliary ventilation mast and the second auxiliary ventilation mast are provided with hood heads.

8. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: An alarm and a water spray device are provided in the hood head.

9. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ammonia collection cabinet is provided at the bottom of the ventilation mast.

10. The combined air-permeable mast suitable for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: An integrated structural frame connected to the ammonia fuel preparation room and the ammonia fuel storage tank is provided at the bottom of the breathable mast.

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