Antibiotic sample pretreatment device
By designing an antibiotic sample pre-processing device that includes an extraction box, a crushing mechanism and a centrifugal mechanism, the problem of a cumbersome and time-consuming extraction process in the existing technology is solved, achieving efficient sample processing and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411901908.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing antibiotic sample pretreatment devices require processing with the help of multiple different equipment, resulting in complicated and time-consuming extraction processes, reducing sampling efficiency, and increasing the cost of purchase and use.
A pre -processing device includes an antibiotic sample of antibiotic samples including extract, crushing mechanisms, and centrifugal mechanisms. The extraction box is equipped with back -shaped blocks and cylindrical blocks, and soil crushing and mixing through structures such as worm sleeves, transmission gears and crushing plates; centrifugal mechanisms achieve centrifugal operations on sample pipes through rectangular grooves, telescopic springs and gear structures.
This device has significantly improved the sampling efficiency of antibiotic samples by simplified structure and reasonable design, reduced the needs of processing steps and equipment, and reduced operating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119354655A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antibiotic sample sampling, and particularly relates to a pretreatment device for antibiotic samples. Background Art
[0002] With the widespread use of livestock and poultry manure containing antibiotics as cheap fertilizers, the pollution of antibiotics in the soil is becoming more and more serious, and the potential safety hazards to ecological security and human health have attracted more and more attention.
[0003] Currently, when detecting antibiotics in the soil, it is often necessary to pretreat the antibiotics in the soil first to facilitate the extraction of antibiotic samples. The current extraction method is usually quantitative soil grinding and screening → mixing with EDTA buffer solution → ultrasonic extraction → vortex oscillation → centrifugation → pipetting the supernatant for volume determination and detection. However, the current antibiotic sample pretreatment device often needs to be processed with the aid of multiple different devices. Experimental personnel need to frequently move, install, and disassemble the sampling tubes containing buffer solution and granular soil between different devices. The extraction process is complicated and time-consuming, reducing the sampling efficiency of antibiotic samples. Moreover, different processing devices need to be purchased for different steps, which also increases the purchase and use costs.
[0004] Therefore, we propose a pretreatment device for antibiotic samples. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to propose a pretreatment device for antibiotic samples.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A pretreatment device for antibiotic samples, including an extraction box. A rectangular block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the extraction box. A cylindrical block is slidably connected to the top wall of the rectangular block. A vertically communicating rectangular hole is provided in the inner wall of the cylindrical block. A plurality of rotating shafts are symmetrically and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular hole. A circular ring strip is fixedly connected between two opposite rotating shafts. The circular ring strip is embedded and slidably connected to the side wall of a placement frame. A clamping device is installed on the bottom wall of the placement frame. Side plates are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the side wall of the rectangular block. A U-shaped frame is installed on the side wall of the side plate. A spline shaft is rotatably connected through the side wall of the U-shaped frame. A worm sleeve is key-connected to the side wall of the spline shaft. A circular shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the side plate. A worm gear is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft. A cross bar is fixedly connected to one end side wall of the circular shaft. A push rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the cross bar. The other end of the push rod is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the extraction box; A crushing mechanism for pretreating antibiotic samples is provided inside the extraction box; A centrifugal mechanism for pretreating antibiotic samples is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical block.
[0007] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a mouth plate that passes through and is fixedly connected to the top wall of the extraction box, the inner wall of the mouth plate is fixedly connected to the crushing box through a connecting rod, the inner wall of the crushing box is slidably connected to a filter plate in a vertical direction, the top of the filter plate is symmetrically slidably connected to a crushing plate, a buffer groove is provided on the side wall of the crushing plate, a return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove, and the side wall of the crushing box is symmetrically passed through and slidably connected to a first rack, one end of each of the first racks is slidably connected to an adjacent buffer groove, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the corresponding first rack.
[0008] Preferably, the crushing mechanism also includes a transmission gear symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mouth plate, the crushing mechanism also includes a transmission gear symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mouth plate, the inner wall of the mouth plate is symmetrically slidably connected to a second rack, the bottom of the crushing box is a step-like structure, the bottom wall of the crushing box is slidably connected with a discharging block, the inner wall of the discharging block is provided with a step groove, the inner wall of the discharging block is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe connected to the step groove, an electronic valve is installed inside the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is a retractable tube body, the side wall of the discharging block is fixedly connected with a plurality of tension springs, the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the crushing box, and the top wall of the cylindrical block is fixedly connected with an L-shaped plate.
[0009] Preferably, the centrifugal mechanism includes a first gear fixedly connected to the side walls of two adjacent rotating shafts, the centrifugal mechanism includes a first gear fixedly connected to the side walls of two adjacent rotating shafts, a rectangular groove is provided on the inner wall of the rectangular hole, a second one-way tube and a balance tube are fixedly connected through the inner wall of the rectangular groove, a telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove, the other end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected to an upper rack, the upper rack is sealingly and slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove, a driving groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical block, a driving plate is sealingly and slidably connected to the inner wall of the driving groove, the driving plate is elastically connected to the inner wall of the driving groove through the first spring, the second one-way tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving groove, the inner wall of the rectangular hole is slidably connected to the lower rack, and the inner wall of the rectangular hole is rotatably connected to the second gear.
[0010] Preferably, the centrifugal mechanism also includes a one-way bearing keyed and slidably connected to the top side wall of the spline shaft, the one-way bearing side wall is fixedly connected with a driving gear, the cylindrical block side wall is fixedly connected with an annular toothed belt, the driving gear and the annular toothed belt are meshedly connected, the upper rack and the lower rack are respectively arranged on both sides of the second gear, the upper rack is meshedly connected to one of the first gears, the upper rack is meshedly connected to the second gear, the lower rack is meshedly connected to the other first gear, and the lower rack is meshedly connected to the second gear.
[0011] Preferably, a circular groove hole is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box, and a cylinder is sealed and slidably connected inside the circular groove hole. The bottom end of the cylinder is elastically connected to the inner wall of the circular groove hole through a supporting spring, and the side wall of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a guide column. An electric slide rail is installed on the inner wall of the circular block, and an electric slider is slidably matched on the side wall of the electric slide rail. A connecting bracket is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electric slider, and a cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting bracket. A rotating joint is installed on the top wall of the cylinder, and a spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder. The guide column is slidably connected inside the spiral groove, and a wide gear is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylinder. Each side wall of the placement frame is fixedly connected to a thin gear, and the thin gear and the wide gear are meshingly connected.
[0012] Preferably, a first one-way tube and a one-way discharge hole are provided on the inner wall of the circular groove hole, and the end of the first one-way tube away from the circular groove hole passes through the inner wall of the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the rotary joint, and the rotary joint is fixedly connected to a telescopic tube, and the other end of the telescopic tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving groove, the first one-way tube is a telescopic tube body, and solenoid valves are installed inside the second one-way tube and the balance tube.
[0013] Preferably, a tension spring is sleeved on the side wall of the first rack, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the first rack, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crushing box.
[0014] Preferably, an ultrasonic device is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the circular block, an electric push rod is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box, the movable end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and a vortex oscillator is installed on the bottom plate.
[0015] Preferably, a motor is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box, and the output end of the motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the adjacent spline shaft.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. By setting structures such as worm sleeves, transmission gears and crushing plates, the circular block drives the cylindrical block to reciprocate in the vertical direction. When the circular block drives the cylindrical block to move upward synchronously on the inner wall of the extraction box, on the one hand, the two crushing plates will move away from each other, and the tension spring will accumulate elastic potential energy. When the circular block moves downward, under the elastic force of the tension spring, the two crushing plates move closer to each other, squeezing and crushing the block soil on the filter plate. After being crushed, the block soil is in granular form and can fall through the filter plate to the bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing box, and then fall into the terrace groove and the connecting pipe, so that the granular soil is finally immersed in the buffer solution of the sampling tube; 2. On the other hand, the cylindrical block can also drive the L-shaped plate symmetrically fixedly connected on its top to move upward, so that the top of the L-shaped plate contacts the bottom wall of the discharge block and pushes the discharge block to slide upward in the vertical direction for a distance, until the top of the discharge block contacts the bottom wall of the filter plate, then the discharge block will push the filter plate to slide upward in the vertical direction for a distance, and then throw the granular soil mixed in the block soil on the upper part of the filter plate upward to separate it, so as to facilitate it to fall from the filter plate; 3. The output end of the motor rotates counterclockwise, and the driving gear drives the cylindrical block to slide through the annular toothed belt to produce a rotating effect. The cylindrical block drives the sampling tube fixed by the clamping device inside the placement frame to rotate through multiple rotating shafts and annular strips, thereby shaking and mixing the granular soil and buffer solution in the sampling tube. In this process, the circular block will also drive the sampling tube inside the placement frame to reciprocate in the vertical direction through the cylindrical block and other structures, thereby improving the mixing reaction efficiency of the soil and buffer solution inside the sampling tube, and improving the efficiency of separating antibiotics in the soil; 4. The ultrasonic device performs ultrasonic operation on the soil and buffer in the sampling tube after the mixing reaction to improve the extraction efficiency of antibiotics in the soil, and makes the sampling tube contact with the top of the vortex oscillator. The vortex oscillator is turned on to vortex the sampling tube in the placement frame for a period of time to speed up the extraction of antibiotics in the soil; 5. By setting structures such as spiral grooves, support springs and wide gears, each time when the circular block moves downward, the wide gear drives the two thin gears to rotate, and each thin gear drives the placement frame fixedly connected to it to rotate rapidly, so when reacting the soil and buffer solution inside the sampling tube, the reaction efficiency can be significantly improved; 6. When the guide column slides to the end of the stroke inside the spiral groove, the cylinder will drive the cylindrical body to slide downward through the guide column to seal and squeeze the support spring. Then, when the cylindrical body slides upward in the circular groove hole, part of the gas inside the driving groove is sucked into the first one-way tube. Under the action of the gas pressure, the driving plate will squeeze the first spring to slide in a sealed manner, accumulating power for the shape change of the placement frame in the subsequent centrifugal operation; 7. By setting the upper rack, the lower rack and the first gear and other structures, the solenoid valve in the second one-way tube is opened, and the first spring will drive the driving plate to slide in the reverse sealing manner to draw the gas inside the rectangular groove into the driving groove. Then, under the action of air pressure, the upper rack will slide in the direction close to the rectangular groove for a distance, so that the two placement frames rotate symmetrically at a certain angle to form a V-shaped structure. Then, when the cylindrical block rotates rapidly, the sampling tubes placed inside the two placement frames can be centrifuged, thereby finally completing the separation and extraction of antibiotics in the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside a cylinder in an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship among an upper rack, a first gear, a second gear and a lower rack in an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the rectangular groove, the telescopic spring and the first rack in the antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a buffer tank in an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an extraction box in an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the circular block and the side plate in the antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a crushing box and a mouth plate in an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a wide gear and a thin gear in a centrifugal operation in an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between an electric slide rail and an electric slider in an antibiotic sample pretreatment device proposed by the present invention.
[0018] In the figure: 1, extraction box; 2, motor; 3, spline shaft; 4, loop-shaped block; 5, cylindrical block; 6, annular toothed belt; 7, rotating shaft; 8, rectangular groove; 9, telescopic spring; 10, upper rack; 11, first gear; 12, second gear; 13, lower rack; 14, placement frame; 15, ultrasonic device; 16, gripper device; 17, side plate; 18, C-shaped frame; 19, worm sleeve; 20, round shaft; 21, cross bar; 22, drive groove; 23, first spring; 24, drive plate; 25, push rod; 26, square plate; 27, crushing box; 28, filter hole plate; 29, crushing plate; 30, first rack; 31, tension spring; 32, discharge block; 33, trapezoidal groove; 34, connecting pipe; 35, tension spring; 36, L-shaped plate; 37, one-way bearing; 38, driving gear; 39, electric push rod; 40, bottom plate; 41, vortex oscillator; 42, transmission gear; 43, second rack; 44, rectangular hole; 45, buffer groove; 46, return spring; 47, worm gear; 48, cylinder; 49, wide gear; 50, thin gear; 51, spiral groove; 52, cylinder; 53, first one-way pipe; 54, one-way discharge hole; 55, balance pipe; 56, connecting bracket; 5601, electric slide rail; 5602, electric slider; 57, guide post; 58, round groove hole; 59, support spring; 60, second one-way pipe; 61, rotary joint; 62, telescopic pipe. Detailed implementation manners
[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0020] Refer to Figure 1 - Fig.13 , an antibiotic sample pretreatment device, including an extraction box 1. A loop-shaped block 4 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the extraction box 1. A cylindrical block 5 is slidably connected to the top wall of the loop-shaped block 4. When the cylindrical block 5 slides, it produces a rotating effect. A vertically communicating rectangular hole 44 is opened in the inner wall of the cylindrical block 5. Four rotating shafts 7 are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular hole 44. They are divided into two groups and symmetrically arranged. A circular ring strip (as Figure 5 shown) is fixedly connected between two opposite rotating shafts 7. A placement frame 14 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the circular ring strip. The circular ring strip and the side wall of the placement frame 14 are embedded and slidable. The placement frame 14 can rotate in the circular ring strip without displacement. A gripper device 16 is installed on the bottom wall of the placement frame 14. The gripper device 16 is a prior art and can clamp and fix an external sampling tube placed in the placement frame 14. Side plates 17 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side wall of the loop-shaped block 4 (as Fig.11As shown in the figure, a U-shaped frame 18 is installed on the side wall of the side plate 17. A spline shaft 3 is rotatably connected through the side wall of the U-shaped frame 18. A worm sleeve 19 is key-connected to the side wall of the spline shaft 3. The upper and lower ends of the worm sleeve 19 abut against the inner side wall of the U-shaped frame 18 and rotate. The side plate 17 drives the worm sleeve 19 to move synchronously through the U-shaped frame 18. A round shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the side plate 17. A worm wheel 47 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the round shaft 20. A cross bar 21 is fixedly connected to one end side wall of the round shaft 20. A push rod 25 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the cross bar 21. The other end of the push rod 25 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the extraction box 1; A crushing mechanism for pre-treating the antibiotic sample is provided inside the extraction box 1; A centrifugal mechanism for pre-treating the antibiotic sample is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical block 5.
[0021] The crushing mechanism includes a square plate 26 fixedly connected through the top wall of the extraction box 1. The inner side wall of the square plate 26 is fixedly connected with a crushing box 27 through a connecting rod. A filter hole plate 28 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the crushing box 27 in the vertical direction. Two crushing plates 29 are symmetrically slidably connected to the top of the filter hole plate 28. A buffer groove 45 is provided on the side wall of the crushing plate 29 (as Figure 7 shown). A reset spring 46 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove 45. The side wall of the crushing box 27 is symmetrically penetrated and slidably connected with a first rack 30. One end of each first rack 30 is slidably connected inside an adjacent buffer groove 45. A discharge block 32 is slidably connected through the bottom wall of the crushing box 27. When the filter hole plate 28 is pushed upward by the discharge block 32, the filter hole plate 28 can drive the two crushing plates 29 to move upward synchronously for a certain distance. The other end of the reset spring 46 is fixedly connected to the corresponding first rack 30.
[0022] The crushing mechanism further includes transmission gears 42 symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the square plate 26. Second racks 43 are symmetrically slidably connected to the inner side wall of the square plate 26. The bottom of the crushing box 27 is in a trapezoidal structure. A trapezoidal groove 33 is provided inside the discharge block 32. The trapezoidal groove 33 is in an inverted trapezoidal structure. A connecting pipe 34 communicating with the trapezoidal groove 33 is fixedly connected through the inner wall of the discharge block 32. An electronic valve is installed inside the connecting pipe 34. The connecting pipe 34 is a telescopic pipe body. A plurality of tension springs 35 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the discharge block 32. The other end of the tension spring 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the crushing box 27. An L-shaped plate 36 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylindrical block 5.
[0023] The centrifugal mechanism includes a first gear 11 fixedly connected to the side walls of two adjacent rotating shafts 7. A rectangular groove 8 is formed in the inner wall of the rectangular hole 44. A second one-way pipe 60 and a balance pipe 55 are fixedly connected through the inner wall of the rectangular groove 8. A telescopic spring 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove 8. The other end of the telescopic spring 9 is fixedly connected to an upper rack 10. The upper rack 10 is hermetically slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove 8. A driving groove 22 is formed in the inner wall of the cylindrical block 5. A driving plate 24 is hermetically slidably connected to the inner wall of the driving groove 22. The driving plate 24 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the driving groove 22 through a first spring 23. A driving groove 22 is formed in the inner wall of the cylindrical block 5. The second one-way pipe 60 is fixedly communicated with the inner wall of the driving groove 22. The upper rack 10 is hermetically slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove 8. The second one-way pipe 60 only allows the gas inside the rectangular groove 8 to enter the driving groove 22. A driving plate 24 is hermetically slidably connected to the inner wall of the driving groove 22. A first spring 23 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the driving plate 24. The other end of the first spring 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving groove 22. A lower rack 13 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular hole 44. A second gear 12 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular hole 44.
[0024] The centrifugal mechanism further includes a one-way bearing 37 slidably bonded to the top side wall of the spline shaft 3. The bottom end of the one-way bearing 37 is slidably connected to the top wall of the U-shaped frame 18, enabling the U-shaped frame 18 to drive the one-way bearing 37 to move synchronously in the vertical direction. The one-way bearing 37 is a prior art. The one-way bearing 37 is a kind of bearing that can rotate freely in one direction and is locked in the other direction. The inner ring part of the one-way bearing 37 is slidably bonded to the spline shaft 3. The outer ring part of the one-way bearing 37 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 38. An annular toothed belt 6 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylindrical block 5. The driving gear 38 is meshed with the annular toothed belt 6. The upper rack 10 and the lower rack 13 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second gear 12. The upper rack 10 is meshed with one of the first gears 11. The upper rack 10 is meshed with the second gear 12. The lower rack 13 is meshed with the other first gear 11. The lower rack 13 is meshed with the second gear 12.
[0025] A circular groove hole 58 is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box 1, and a cylinder 52 is sealed and slidably connected inside the circular groove hole 58. A support spring 59 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder 52, and the other end of the support spring 59 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular groove hole 58. A guide column 57 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylinder 52. An electric slide rail 5601 is installed on the inner wall of the circular block 4. An electric slider 5602 is slidably matched with the side wall of the electric slide rail 5601. A connecting bracket 56 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electric slider 5602. The inner wall of the connecting bracket 56 is rotatably connected with a cylinder 48. A rotating joint 61 is installed on the top wall of the cylinder 48. The connecting bracket 56 drives the cylinder 48 to move synchronously in the vertical direction. A spiral groove 51 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 48. The guide column 57 is slidably connected to the spiral groove 51. Inside the rotary groove 51, the side wall of the cylinder 48 is fixedly connected with a wide gear 49, and the side wall of each placement frame 14 is fixedly connected with a thin gear 50. The thin gear 50 and the wide gear 49 are meshingly connected. The electric slider 5602 is a prior art and can slide on the electric slide rail 5601. During centrifugal operation, the electric slide rail 5601 can drive the cylinder 48 and the wide gear 49 to move a certain distance through the connecting bracket 56 to disengage from the thin gear 50. At this time, the cylinder 48 drives the cylindrical body 52 to move synchronously, so that the cylindrical body 52 disengages from the circular groove hole 58 for a certain distance, and subsequently in the process of the circular block 4 moving in the vertical direction, the cylindrical body 52 will not be inserted into the circular groove hole 58, and thus the gas will not be drawn in through the first one-way tube 53.
[0026] The inner wall of the circular slot hole 58 is provided with a first one-way tube 53 and a one-way discharge hole 54. The end of the first one-way tube 53 away from the circular slot hole 58 penetrates through the inner wall of the cylinder 52 and is fixedly connected with the rotary joint 61. The rotary joint 61 is a prior art. The rotary joint 61 is a pipeline connection device, and the connected pipelines can rotate relatively and can be used to transmit various media such as gas, liquid, and oil. The structure is compactly designed. Then, during the rotation of the cylindrical block 5, the telescopic tube 62 will rotate through the rotary joint 61 without causing twisting interference with the first one-way tube 53. The rotary joint 61 is fixedly connected with the telescopic tube 62. The other end of the telescopic tube 62 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving groove 22. The first one-way tube 53 is a telescopic tube body. The first one-way tube 53 only allows the gas inside the driving groove 22 to be drawn into the circular groove hole 58 through the telescopic tube 62 and the rotating joint 61. A one-way discharge hole 54 is provided on the inner wall of the circular groove hole 58. The one-way discharge hole 54 only allows the gas inside the circular groove hole 58 to be discharged to the outside. Solenoid valves are installed inside the second one-way tube 60 and the balance tube 55. After opening the solenoid valve in the balance tube 55, the air pressure inside the rectangular groove 8 can be made consistent with the outside, so that the telescopic spring 9 is in the initial state.
[0027] A tension spring 31 is sleeved on the side wall of the first rack 30 , one end of the tension spring 31 is fixedly connected to the first rack 30 , and the other end of the tension spring 31 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crushing box 27 .
[0028] An ultrasonic device 15 is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the circular block 4. The ultrasonic device 15 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. An electric push rod 39 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box 1. The movable end of the electric push rod 39 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate 40. A vortex oscillator 41 is installed on the bottom plate 40. The vortex oscillator 41 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.
[0029] A motor 2 is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box 1 , and an output end of the motor 2 is coaxially and fixedly connected to a spline shaft 3 .
[0030] In the present invention, the user takes two sampling tubes from the outside and respectively fills them with a certain amount of buffer solution, then inserts each sampling tube from top to bottom into a placement frame 14 and opens the clamping device 16 to clamp and fix the sampling tube.
[0031] Turn on the motor 2, which is a forward and reverse motor, so that the output end of the motor 2 drives the spline shaft 3 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the spline shaft 3 drives the worm sleeve 19 to rotate synchronously. Under the action of the one-way bearing 37, the inner ring part of the one-way bearing 37 and its outer ring part are in a "clutch" state, so the inner ring part of the one-way bearing 37 will not drive the driving gear 38 to rotate through the outer ring part, then the worm sleeve 19 will drive the worm wheel 47 meshing with it to rotate, and the worm wheel 47 drives the circular shaft 20 fixedly connected to it to rotate, and the circular shaft 20 drives the cross bar 21 to rotate, and the cross bar 21 drives the push rod 25 to move. Since the other end of the push rod 25 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box 1, and the cross bar 21, the push rod 25 and the circular shaft 20 constitute a crank-connecting rod mechanism, when the worm wheel 47 rotates, under the action of structures such as the cross bar 21 and the push rod 25, the circular shaft 20 will drive the circular block 4 to reciprocate in the vertical direction through the side plate 17.
[0032] When the circular block 4 drives the cylindrical block 5 to move upward synchronously on the inner wall of the extraction box 1, on the one hand, the cylindrical block 5 will contact with the two second racks 43, and then push the two second racks 43 to slide upward, and each second rack 43 drives the transmission gear 42 meshing with it to rotate, and the transmission gear 42 drives the first rack 30 meshing with it to move, so that the two first racks 30 stretch the corresponding tension springs 31 and drive the crushing plate 29 set at one end thereof to slide a distance, then the two crushing plates 29 will move away from each other, and the tension spring 31 accumulates elastic potential energy. At this time, the user will have an antibiotic-like A small amount of block soil of the product is placed on the upper part of the filter plate 28 in the crushing box 27. On the other hand, the cylindrical block 5 can also drive the L-shaped plate 36 symmetrically fixedly connected to its top to move upward, so that the top of the L-shaped plate 36 and the bottom wall of the discharge block 32 are in contact and push the discharge block 32 to slide upward in the vertical direction for a distance until the top of the discharge block 32 and the bottom wall of the filter plate 28 are in contact. Then the discharge block 32 will push the filter plate 28 to slide upward in the vertical direction for a distance, and then the granular soil mixed in the block soil on the upper part of the filter plate 28 is thrown upward to separate it, so as to facilitate it to fall from the filter plate 28.
[0033] When the circular block 4 moves downward, the cylindrical block 5 will not push the two second racks 43. Then, under the elastic force of the tension spring 31, the two first racks 30 will move closer to each other, so that the two crushing plates 29 move closer to each other, squeezing and crushing the block soil on the filter plate 28. The crushed block soil is in granular form and can fall to the bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing box 27 through the filter plate 28. Then, the above process is repeated continuously, so that the block soil on the filter plate 28 is completely crushed, and the powder is removed. The bottom of the crushing box 27 falls into the inside of the terrace groove 33, and then enters the connecting tube 34. At this time, the electronic valve in the connecting tube 34 is in a closed state. The connecting tube 34 is stretched and inserted into one of the external sampling tubes located in the placement frame 14 for plugging. The electronic valve inside the connecting tube 34 is opened, so that the granular soil retained in the connecting tube 34 falls into the inside of the external sampling tube. Then the above process is repeated, so that part of the granular soil is filled in the two external sampling tubes, and the granular soil is immersed in the buffer solution of the sampling tube.
[0034] Then, the output end of the motor 2 is rotated counterclockwise. At this time, under the action of the one-way bearing 37, the one-way bearing 37 and the driving gear 38 are in a "locked" state, then the spline shaft 3 will drive the driving gear 38 to rotate through the one-way bearing 37, and the driving gear 38 will drive the annular toothed belt 6 meshing with it to move, and the annular toothed belt 6 will drive the cylindrical block 5 to slide to produce a rotation effect. By setting the transmission ratio of the driving gear 38 and the annular toothed belt 6, the annular toothed belt 6 can drive the cylindrical block 5 to rotate at multiple speeds, and then the cylindrical block 5 drives the two placement frames 14 to rotate through multiple rotating shafts 7 and annular strips, then each placement frame 14 is clamped and fixed by the clamping device 16 inside. The fixed sampling tube will rotate synchronously, thereby shaking and mixing the granular soil and buffer solution in the sampling tube. In this process, since the one-way bearing 37 is keyed and slid with the side wall of the spline shaft 3, and the bottom end of the one-way bearing 37 is rotatably connected with the top wall of the ring frame 18, the ring frame 18 can drive the one-way bearing 37 to move synchronously in the vertical direction. Then, under the action of the worm sleeve 19, the worm gear 47, the cross bar 21 and the push rod 25 and other structures, the circular block 4 will also drive the sampling tube inside the placement frame 14 to reciprocate in the vertical direction through the cylindrical block 5 and other structures, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the soil and buffer solution inside the sampling tube, and improving the efficiency of separating antibiotics in the soil.
[0035] Each time when the circular block 4 moves downward, the circular block 4 will also drive the cylinder 48 to move synchronously through the connecting bracket 56, so that when the cylinder 48 moves downward, since the support spring 59 has a certain stiffness coefficient, the support spring 59 and the cylinder 52 are in a stationary state, then the cylinder 48 will first rotate under the action of the guide column 57, so that the cylinder 48 drives the wide gear 49 fixedly connected to its side wall to rotate, and then the wide gear 49 drives the two thin gears 50 meshing with it to rotate, then each thin gear 50 will drive the placement frame 14 fixedly connected to it to rotate rapidly, so when reacting the soil and buffer solution inside the sampling tube, the reaction efficiency can be significantly improved.
[0036] When the guide post 57 slides to the end of the stroke in the spiral groove 51, the cylinder 48 will drive the cylindrical body 52 to move downward through the guide post 57 to squeeze the support spring 59. Since the cylindrical body 52 slides in a sealed manner in the circular groove hole 58, the cylindrical body 52 will squeeze the gas in the circular groove hole 58 into the one-way discharge hole 54 and discharge it outward when it slides downward in a sealed manner. Subsequently, during the upward movement of the circular block 4, the cylindrical body 52 slides upward in the circular groove hole 58 in a sealed manner, and under the action of the support spring 59, the cylindrical body 52 draws part of the gas in the driving groove 22 through the first one-way tube 53, the rotating joint 61 and the telescopic tube 62. The groove body part of the driving groove 22 away from the first spring 23 is connected to the outside through the air vent. Then, under the action of air pressure, the driving plate 24 will squeeze the first spring 23 for sealed sliding. At this time, the solenoid valves in the second one-way tube 60 and the balance tube 55 are both in a closed state, so that the gas in the rectangular groove 8 cannot enter the driving groove 22.
[0037] Then, the ultrasonic device 15 is turned on to perform ultrasonic operation on the soil and buffer solution in the sampling tube after the mixing reaction, so as to improve the extraction efficiency of the antibiotics in the soil. Finally, the electric push rod 39 is turned on, and the movable end of the electric push rod 39 drives the bottom plate 40 to move upward for a distance, so that when the sampling tube in the placement frame 14 moves downward to the end of the stroke along with the cylindrical block 5 and the circular block 4 and other structures, the sampling tube can be in contact with the top of the vortex oscillator 41. Then, the motor 2 is turned off to make the placement frame 14 no longer move, and the vortex oscillator 41 is turned on to vortex the sampling tube in the placement frame 14 for a period of time, so as to speed up the extraction of antibiotics in the soil.
[0038] Finally, the user controls the electric slider 5602 so that the electric slider 5602 can drive the cylinder 48 and the wide gear 49 to move a certain distance through the connecting bracket 56 to disengage from the thin gear 50, and will not interfere with the subsequent rotation of the placement frame 14 to a certain angle and switch to a centrifugal state. Then, the solenoid valve in the second one-way tube 60 is opened. Since the stiffness coefficient of the first spring 23 is greater than the stiffness coefficient of the telescopic spring 9, the first spring 23 will drive the drive plate 24 to slide in a reverse sealing manner to draw the gas inside the rectangular groove 8 into the drive groove 22. Then, under the action of the air pressure, the upper rack 10 will seal in the direction close to the rectangular groove 8. After sliding for a certain distance, the upper rack 10 will drive a first gear 11 and a second gear 12 meshing with it to rotate a certain angle, and the second gear 12 will drive the lower rack 13 to slide in the opposite direction for a certain distance, and the lower rack 13 will drive another first gear 11 meshing with it to rotate a certain angle, so that the two placement frames 14 rotate symmetrically at a certain angle to form a V-shaped structure. Then, when the cylindrical block 5 rotates rapidly, the sampling tubes placed inside the two placement frames 14 can be centrifuged, thereby finally completing the separation of antibiotics in the soil, and then the supernatant in the sampling tubes can be extracted to an external analytical instrument for detection.
[0039] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An antibiotic sample pretreatment device, comprising an extraction box (1), characterized in that: A rectangular block (4) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the extraction box (1). A cylindrical block (5) is slidably connected to the top wall of the rectangular block (4). A rectangular hole (44) communicating up and down is formed in the inner wall of the cylindrical block (5). A plurality of rotating shafts (7) are symmetrically and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular hole (44). A circular ring strip is fixedly connected between two opposite rotating shafts (7). A placement frame (14) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the circular ring strip. A clamping device (16) is installed on the bottom wall of the placement frame (14). Side plates (17) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the side wall of the rectangular block (4). A C-shaped frame (18) is installed on the side wall of the side plate (17). A spline shaft (3) is rotatably connected through the side wall of the C-shaped frame (18). A worm sleeve (19) is key-connected to the side wall of the spline shaft (3). A circular shaft (20) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the side plate (17). A worm gear (47) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft (20). A cross bar (21) is fixedly connected to one end side wall of the circular shaft (20). A push rod (25) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the cross bar (21). The other end of the push rod (25) is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the extraction box (1). A crushing mechanism for pre-treating the antibiotic sample is provided inside the extraction box (1). A centrifugal mechanism for pre-treating the antibiotic sample is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical block (5).
2. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism includes a square plate (26) fixedly connected through the top wall of the extraction box (1). The inner side wall of the square plate (26) is fixedly connected with a crushing box (27) through a connecting rod. A filter hole plate (28) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the crushing box (27) in the vertical direction. Crushing plates (29) are symmetrically slidably connected to the top of the filter hole plate (28). A buffer groove (45) is formed in the side wall of the crushing plate (29). A return spring (46) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove (45). First racks (30) are symmetrically and slidably connected through the side wall of the crushing box (27). One end of each first rack (30) is slidably connected inside an adjacent buffer groove (45). The other end of the return spring (46) is fixedly connected to the corresponding first rack (30).
3. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism further includes transmission gears (42) symmetrically and rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the square plate (26). Second racks (43) are symmetrically slidably connected to the inner side wall of the square plate (26). The bottom of the crushing box (27) has a trapezoidal structure. A discharge block (32) is slidably connected through the bottom wall of the crushing box (27). A trapezoidal groove (33) is formed in the inner wall of the discharge block (32). A connecting pipe (34) communicating with the trapezoidal groove (33) is fixedly connected through the inner wall of the discharge block (32). An electronic valve is installed inside the connecting pipe (34). The connecting pipe (34) is a telescopic pipe body. A plurality of tension springs (35) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the discharge block (32). The other end of the tension spring (35) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the crushing box (27). An L-shaped plate (36) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylindrical block (5).
4. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal mechanism comprises a first gear (11) fixedly connected to the side walls of two adjacent rotating shafts (7); a rectangular groove (8) is formed on the inner wall of the rectangular hole (44); a second one-way tube (60) and a balance tube (55) are fixedly connected through the inner wall of the rectangular groove (8); a telescopic spring (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove (8); the other end of the telescopic spring (9) is fixedly connected to an upper rack (10); the upper rack (10) is sealingly and slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove (8); a driving groove (22) is formed on the inner wall of the cylindrical block (5); a driving plate (24) is sealingly and slidably connected to the inner wall of the driving groove (22); the driving plate (24) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the driving groove (22) via a first spring (23); the second one-way tube (60) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving groove (22); a lower rack (13) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular hole (44); and the second gear (12) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular hole (44).
5. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The centrifugal mechanism further comprises a one-way bearing (37) keyed and slidably connected to the top side wall of the spline shaft (3); the outer ring of the one-way bearing (37) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (38); the side wall of the cylindrical block (5) is fixedly connected to an annular toothed belt (6); the driving gear (38) and the annular toothed belt (6) are meshingly connected; the upper rack (10) and the lower rack (13) are respectively arranged at positions on both sides of the second gear (12); the upper rack (10) and one of the first gears (11) are meshingly connected; the upper rack (10) and the second gear (12) are meshingly connected; the lower rack (13) and the other first gear (11) are meshingly connected; and the lower rack (13) and the second gear (12) are meshingly connected.
6. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the extraction box (1) is provided with a circular slot hole (58), the inside of the circular slot hole (58) is sealed and slidably connected with a cylinder (52), the bottom end of the cylinder (52) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the circular slot hole (58) via a support spring (59), the side wall of the cylinder (52) is fixedly connected with a guide column (57), the inner side wall of the circular block (4) is installed with an electric slide rail (5601), the side wall of the electric slide rail (5601) is slidably matched with an electric slider (5602), and the side wall of the electric slider (5602) is fixedly connected to the guide column (57). A connecting bracket (56) is connected, the inner wall of the connecting bracket (56) penetrates and is rotatably connected to a cylinder (48), a rotating joint (61) is installed on the top wall of the cylinder (48), a spiral groove (51) is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder (48), the guide column (57) is slidably connected inside the spiral groove (51), a wide gear (49) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylinder (48), and each side wall of the placement frame (14) is fixedly connected to a thin gear (50), and the thin gear (50) and the wide gear (49) are meshingly connected.
7. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the circular slot hole (58) is provided with a first one-way tube (53) and a one-way discharge hole (54); one end of the first one-way tube (53) away from the circular slot hole (58) penetrates through the inner wall of the cylinder (52) and is fixedly connected to a rotary joint (61); a telescopic tube (62) is fixedly connected to the rotary joint (61); the other end of the telescopic tube (62) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving slot (22); the first one-way tube (53) is a telescopic tube body; and electromagnetic valves are installed inside the second one-way tube (60) and the balance tube (55).
8. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A tension spring (31) is sleeved on the side wall of the first rack (30), one end of the tension spring (31) is fixedly connected to the first rack (30), and the other end of the tension spring (31) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crushing box (27).
9. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultrasonic device (15) is symmetrically mounted on the inner side wall of the circular block (4); an electric push rod (39) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the extraction box (1); a movable end of the electric push rod (39) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (40); and a vortex oscillator (41) is mounted on the bottom plate (40).
10. The antibiotic sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor (2) is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction box (1), and an output end of the motor (2) is coaxially and fixedly connected to an adjacent spline shaft (3).