S-band compact high-power microwave emission system

Abstract

The invention relates to an S-band compact high-power microwave transmitting system, which comprises an S-band high-power transmitting device and a feeder line system, the feeder system comprises a circulator, a bidirectional directional coupler connected with the output end of the circulator, and an S-band forward microwave monitoring system, an S-band reverse microwave monitoring system and an S-band radiation transmission system which are connected with the bidirectional directional coupler; the S-band high-power transmitting device comprises an excitation source, a klystron, a pulse modulator, a monitoring system, a water cooling system, a power supply system and an auxiliary power supply; the output end of the klystron is connected with the circulator; the auxiliary power supply comprises a filament power supply for supplying power to a filament of the klystron and a titanium pump power supply for supplying power to a titanium pump of the klystron. The device has the advantages of being high in practicability, good in integration and compactness and high in universality and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microwave emission, and in particular to an S-band compact high-power microwave emission system. Background Art

[0002] At present, theoretical research on the generation of S-band high-power microwave signals has been carried out at home and abroad. According to different generation mechanisms, they are mainly divided into solid-state microwave pulse sources and klystron microwave sources. Solid-state microwave pulse sources usually achieve high-power output by amplifying the input excitation signal, and cannot achieve power signal amplification output by adjusting the voltage. On the one hand, this method is difficult to achieve MW-level microwave power output. On the other hand, klystron microwave sources usually achieve high-power output by adjusting the voltage. This method currently also has problems such as large system size, excessive weight, low degree of integration, and low efficiency. It is especially inconvenient to carry and move, and cannot meet the system's requirements for miniaturization, which brings great difficulties to practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an S-band high-power microwave transmitting device, which can realize single or high-repetition-rate transmission of high-power microwaves and has the characteristics of high reliability, high stability and high precision.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an S-band compact high-power microwave transmitting system, comprising an S-band high-power transmitting device and a feeder system.

[0005] The feeder system includes a circulator and a bidirectional directional coupler connected to the output end of the circulator, and an S-band forward microwave monitoring system, an S-band reverse microwave monitoring system and an S-band radiation transmission system connected to the bidirectional directional coupler;

[0006] The S-band high-power transmitting device includes an excitation source, a klystron, a pulse modulator, a monitoring system, a water cooling system, a power supply system and an auxiliary power supply; the output end of the klystron is connected to the circulator; the auxiliary power supply includes a filament power supply for supplying power to the filament of the klystron and a titanium pump power supply for supplying power to the titanium pump of the klystron.

[0007] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the power supply system includes a high-voltage power supply and a power distribution unit, the high-voltage power supply includes a high-voltage module and a filament transformer, and the filament transformer is connected to the filament power supply and the filament electrode of the klystron;

[0008] The pulse modulator is used to provide pulse energy to the klystron, and includes:

[0009] A pulse transformer, electrically connected to the klystron, for outputting a high-voltage signal to an electron gun of the klystron to drive the klystron;

[0010] A modulator component, connected to the high voltage module, for converting the DC output of the high voltage module into pulse power and providing it to the pulse transformer;

[0011] The oil cylinder has insulating transformer oil arranged inside, and the pulse transformer is immersed in the insulating transformer oil.

[0012] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the S-band high-power transmitting device also includes a cabinet, in which the high-voltage power supply, the monitoring system, the filament power supply, the excitation source, the titanium pump power supply, the power distribution unit and the klystron, the oil cylinder, and the modulator assembly are installed in sequence from top to bottom, and the power distribution unit and the klystron are arranged side by side.

[0013] According to a technical solution of the present invention, a water inlet and a water outlet are provided on the cabinet, a water inlet hose and a water outlet hose are provided in the water inlet and the water outlet, and the water cooling system is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the collector of the klystron through the water inlet hose and the water outlet hose;

[0014] The klystron is arranged on a side of the cabinet close to the rear cabinet cover, and the power distribution unit is arranged on a side of the cabinet close to the front cabinet cover.

[0015] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the output end of the excitation source is connected to the klystron via a radio frequency coaxial cable;

[0016] After the output end of the filament power supply is connected to the filament transformer, it is connected to the filament electrode of the klystron through a high-voltage cable;

[0017] After the high-voltage module is connected to the pulse transformer via a high-voltage cable, it outputs a high-voltage signal to the electron gun of the klystron;

[0018] The titanium pump power supply is connected to the titanium pump electrode of the klystron through a high-voltage cable;

[0019] The high voltage power supply, the excitation source and the modulator assembly are connected to the power distribution unit via power cables;

[0020] The monitoring system is electrically connected to the feeder system via an ignition protection line.

[0021] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the modulator component comprises:

[0022] An IGBT pulse modulation switch adopts a standard Marx structure, is connected to the high voltage power supply and the pulse transformer, and is used to provide a high voltage input to the pulse transformer;

[0023] The inverter and modulation drive circuit are auxiliary circuits of the IGBT pulse modulation switch; the inverter is a full-bridge inverter composed of IGBT solid-state switches; the modulation drive circuit is used to provide overvoltage and overcurrent protection for the IGBT pulse modulation switch.

[0024] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the excitation source includes a frequency synthesizer, an excitation source modulator, a digitally controlled attenuator, a power amplifier, a logarithmic detector and a pulse signal generator connected in sequence, and the frequency synthesizer, the excitation source modulator and the digitally controlled attenuator constitute a front-stage signal source as an input signal of the power amplifier;

[0025] Also includes:

[0026] An excitation source monitoring module performs status monitoring on the frequency synthesizer, performs pulse monitoring on the pulse signal generator, and performs radio frequency detection on the logarithmic detector;

[0027] The excitation source power supply module is used to supply power to each module in the excitation source.

[0028] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the excitation source also includes a front panel and a rear panel, the display unit of the excitation source monitoring module is arranged on the front panel, and the rear panel is provided with a power input port electrically connected to the excitation source power supply module, a communication interface connected to the pulse signal generator, and a power output port connected to the power amplifier.

[0029] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the excitation source modulator is a single-pole single-throw radio frequency switch.

[0030] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the S-band forward microwave monitoring system and the S-band reverse microwave monitoring system both include a peak power meter, an oscilloscope and a waveguide transmission device.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention proposes an S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system, which can not only meet the requirements of the generation of high-power microwave irradiation effect experimental environment, measurement system calibration, and injection effect experiment, but also can be used for the calibration of high-power microwave energy meters. The S-band high-power microwave transmission device provided by the present invention can generate a high-power microwave signal that can meet the requirements of operating frequency of 2856MHz±25MHz, maximum peak power ≥1MW, power adjustable range ≥10dB and continuously adjustable, pulse repetition frequency of 1Hz~1kHz and adjustable, excitation source pulse rising edge ≤15ns and falling edge ≤25ns, microwave source size ≤650mm×900mm×1800mm and other indicators.

[0033] The S-band high-power microwave transmitting device provided by the present application changes the simple pursuit of high output power of microwave sources without paying attention to the characteristics of product stability, reliability, practicality, etc., and uses the existing mature microwave electron tubes as the technical basis for high-power microwave signal amplifiers and the development of high-power microwave electron tube transmitters for many years to form a high-power microwave vacuum device such as a klystron. Focusing on the S-band multi-injection klystron, the existing high-voltage power supply, solid-state pulse modulator, filament power supply, titanium pump power supply, excitation source and monitoring system are integrated to form an S-band high-power microwave transmitting device. In this way, the problems of large system, poor portability, low efficiency and lack of integrated inheritance in high-power microwave engineering are greatly solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the working principle of a microwave transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram schematically shows the structure of a microwave transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram schematically showing the internal connections of a microwave transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5A schematic diagram schematically shows the structure of an excitation source according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A circuit diagram schematically showing an IGBT pulse modulation switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 A circuit diagram schematically showing an inverter according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 A circuit diagram schematically shows a modulation driving circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] The corresponding relationship between the component names and the reference numerals is as follows:

[0044] 1. High power microwave transmitting device; 2. Feeder system;

[0045] 11. Excitation source; 12. Klystron; 13. Pulse modulator; 14. Monitoring system; 15. Water cooling system; 16. Power supply system; 17. Auxiliary power supply; 18. Cabinet;

[0046] 111. frequency synthesizer; 112. excitation source modulator; 113. digitally controlled attenuator; 114. power amplifier; 115. logarithmic detector; 116. pulse signal generator; 117. excitation source monitoring module; 118. excitation source power supply module;

[0047] 131. Pulse transformer; 132. Modulator assembly; 133. Oil cylinder;

[0048] 161. High voltage power supply; 162. Power distribution unit;

[0049] 1611, high voltage module; 1612, filament transformer;

[0050] 171. Filament power supply; 172. Titanium pump power supply;

[0051] 21. Circulator; 22. Dual directional coupler; 23. S-band forward microwave monitoring system; 24. S-band reverse microwave monitoring system; 25. S-band radiation transmission system; 26. Load. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The description of the embodiments of this specification should be combined with the corresponding drawings, which should be considered as part of the complete specification. In the drawings, the shape or thickness of the embodiments may be enlarged and indicated for simplification or convenience. Furthermore, the parts of each structure in the drawings will be described separately. It is worth noting that the elements not shown in the drawings or not described in words are in a form known to ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field.

[0053] The description of the embodiments herein and any reference to directions and orientations are only for the convenience of description and are not to be construed as any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. The following description of the preferred embodiments may involve combinations of features, which may exist independently or in combination, and the present invention is not particularly limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an S-band compact high-power microwave transmitting system, which includes an S-band high-power transmitting device 1 and a feeder system 2.

[0055] The feeder system 2 includes a circulator 21 and a bidirectional directional coupler 22 connected to the output end of the circulator 21 , and an S-band forward microwave monitoring system 23 , an S-band reverse microwave monitoring system 24 and an S-band radiation transmission system 25 connected to the bidirectional directional coupler 22 .

[0056] In the present invention, the S-band forward microwave monitoring system 23 and the S-band reverse microwave monitoring system 24 both include a peak power meter, an oscilloscope and a waveguide transmission device.

[0057] The S-band high-power transmitting device 1 includes an excitation source 11, a klystron 12, a pulse modulator 13, a monitoring system 14, a water cooling system 15, a power supply system 16 and an auxiliary power supply 17; the output end of the klystron 12 is connected to the circulator 21; the auxiliary power supply includes a filament power supply 171 for supplying power to the filament of the klystron 12 and a titanium pump power supply 172 for supplying power to the titanium pump of the klystron 12.

[0058] In the whole system, the S-band high-power transmitting device 1 can generate a microwave signal with a peak power of not less than 1MW within the frequency range of 2856MHz±25MHz, and transmit and display the signal and monitor the signal in real time through the feeder system 2.

[0059] The circulator 21 is used to directionally transmit the high-power microwave signal generated by the microwave transmitting device. The dual directional coupler 22 simultaneously completes the directional transmission function of the forward and reverse output signals. The S-band forward microwave monitoring system 23 receives the forward output signal of the dual directional coupler 22, and accurately measures the actual output microwave power through a power meter or the like. The S-band forward microwave monitoring system 24 receives the reverse output signal of the dual directional coupler 22, and monitors the reflected power and waveform information through an oscilloscope or the like. The feeder system 2 combines the circulator 21 and the dual directional coupler 22, and transmits the microwave signal generated by the microwave transmitting device to a designated area through radiation devices such as waveguide devices and transmitting antennas.

[0060] The excitation source 11 is used to output a microwave pulse signal to provide a microwave input signal for the klystron 12. The microwave input signal input by the klystron 12 is amplified and then outputs a microwave pulse signal of the required power. The klystron 12 uses the mature KS4425B S-band permanent magnet focusing multi-injection klystron. The pulse modulator 13 is used to provide pulse energy to the klystron 12. The auxiliary power supply system 17 composed of the filament power supply 171 and the titanium pump power supply 172 provides auxiliary power to the klystron 12, wherein the filament power supply 171 supplies power to the filament of the klystron 12, and its maximum output reaches 16V / 20A; the titanium pump power supply 172 supplies power to the titanium pump of the klystron 12, and its output voltage reaches 4kV~5kV, and its current is at the microampere level. The water cooling system 15 mainly provides a certain temperature cooling for the pulse modulator 13 and the klystron 12, so that they work within a stable temperature range. The power supply system 16 mainly converts 380V AC power into 220V power through the power distribution unit 162, and provides power for the titanium pump power supply 172, the klystron 12, the filament power supply 171 and the monitoring system 14. The monitoring system 14 can realize local and remote control of the microwave transmitting device, not only automatically monitors and displays the online status of each subsystem, but also has the function of monitoring the excitation source 11, the klystron 12, the pulse modulator 13, the klystron protection system and the auxiliary power supply.

[0061] In the present invention, the power supply system 16 includes a high voltage power supply 161 and a power distribution unit 162 . The high voltage power supply 161 includes a high voltage module 1611 and a filament transformer 162 . The filament transformer 162 is connected to the filament power supply 171 and the filament electrode of the klystron 12 .

[0062] The pulse modulator 13 includes a pulse transformer 131, a modulator assembly 132 and an oil cylinder 133. The pulse transformer 131 is electrically connected to the klystron 12, and is used to output a high-voltage signal to the electron gun of the klystron 12 to drive the klystron 12. The modulator assembly 132 is connected to the high-voltage module 1611, and is used to convert the DC output of the high-voltage module 1611 into pulse power and provide it to the pulse transformer 131. The oil cylinder 133 is provided with insulating transformer oil, and the pulse transformer 131 is immersed in the insulating transformer oil.

[0063] In the present invention, the S-band high-power transmitting device also includes a cabinet 18, in which a high-voltage power supply 161, a monitoring system 14, a filament power supply 171, an excitation source 11, a titanium pump power supply 172, a distribution unit 162 and a klystron 12, an oil cylinder 132, and a modulator assembly 12 are installed from top to bottom, and the distribution unit and the klystron are arranged side by side.

[0064] The cabinet 18 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a water inlet hose and a water outlet hose are provided in the water inlet and the water outlet, and the water cooling system 15 is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the collector of the klystron 12 through the water inlet and the water outlet hose. The klystron 12 is arranged on one side of the cabinet 18 close to the rear cabinet cover, and the power distribution unit 162 is arranged on one side of the cabinet 18 close to the front cabinet cover.

[0065] The S-band high-power transmitter adopts an integrated comprehensive system design that integrates high voltage and low voltage, digital and analog. Except for the water cooling system, all other parts are integrated into a standard cabinet of 600mm×870mm×1780mm. Compared with previous designs, the S-band high-power transmitter in the present invention has a compact structure, greatly reduced volume, greatly improved integration, convenient movement, and greatly improved practical application efficiency. A better structural design can significantly improve the reliability, stability and maintainability of the transmitter device. The water cooling system 15 is independent of the cabinet of the microwave transmitter, and is connected to the water inlet and outlet on the collection set of the multi-injection klystron through the cooling inlet and outlet quick-connect hoses, which is convenient for quick separation and connection. The titanium pump power supply, filament power supply and monitoring system adopt standardized and universal design. The titanium pump power supply index reaches 4kV~5kV, and the filament power supply index reaches the maximum voltage of 16V and the maximum current of 20A, which can cover the application of S-band and X-band high-power microwave transmitters. The monitoring system adopts a universal design and can be applied to high-power microwave transmitting devices such as S-band, X-band, L-band, and Ku-band, with strong versatility.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, in the cabinet 18, the output end of the excitation source 11 is connected to the klystron 12 through a radio frequency coaxial cable. After the output end of the filament power supply 171 is connected to the filament transformer 1612, it is connected to the filament electrode of the klystron 12 through a high-voltage cable. After the high-voltage module 1611 is connected to the pulse transformer 131 through a high-voltage cable, it outputs a high-voltage signal to the electron gun of the klystron 12. The titanium pump power supply 172 is connected to the titanium pump electrode of the klystron 12 through a high-voltage cable. The high-voltage power supply 161, the excitation source 11 and the modulator assembly 132 are connected to the power distribution unit 162 through a power cable. The monitoring system 14 is electrically connected to the feeder system 2 through an ignition protection line. The filament power supply 171, the excitation source 11 and the titanium pump power supply 172 are interconnected through Q9 lines and optical fibers, the monitoring system 14 is connected to the feeder system 2 through an ignition protection line, and the high-voltage module 1611 is connected to the pulse transformer 131 in the oil cylinder 133 through a high-voltage line. In addition, the terminal of the feeder system 2 is connected to a load 26 for absorbing the leaked microwave energy.

[0067] The present invention, as Figure 5As shown, the excitation source 11 includes a frequency synthesizer 111, an excitation source modulator 112, a digitally controlled attenuator 113, a power amplifier 114, a logarithmic detector 115 and a pulse signal generator 116 connected in sequence, and the frequency synthesizer 111, the excitation source modulator 112 and the digitally controlled attenuator 113 constitute a front-stage signal source, which serves as an input signal of the power amplifier 114. The excitation source modulator 112 is a single-pole single-throw radio frequency switch.

[0068] Meanwhile, the excitation source 11 further includes an excitation source monitoring module 117 and an excitation source power supply module 118. The excitation source monitoring module 117 is used to perform status monitoring on the frequency synthesizer 111, pulse monitoring on the pulse signal generator 116, and radio frequency detection on the logarithmic detector 115. The excitation source power supply module 118 is used to supply power to each module in the excitation source 11.

[0069] The excitation source 11 also includes a front panel and a rear panel. The display part of the excitation source monitoring module 117 is arranged on the front panel, and the rear panel is provided with a power input port electrically connected to the excitation source power supply module 118, a communication interface connected to the pulse signal generator 116 and a power output port connected to the power amplifier, which facilitates the wiring and control operation of the excitation source 11.

[0070] The leading edge of the conventional drain modulator pulse power amplifier is about 25ns, and the top drop of the pulse front-end power amplifier is large, resulting in poor pulse signals and unstable systems. The present invention adopts a pulse modulator added to the front end of the power amplifier 114 as the excitation source modulator 112. The excitation source modulator is a single-pole single-throw radio frequency switch, which is controlled by the corresponding pulse signal generated by the FPGA to achieve pulse modulation of the radio frequency signal. The part with a large top drop is cut off by timing nesting, so that the pulse leading edge reaches 8.2ns and the trailing edge reaches 7.5ns, which is far better than the performance indicators of conventional microwave sources and achieves the stability of the excitation source signal output.

[0071] The present invention, as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the modulator component 132 includes an IGBT pulse modulation switch, an inverter, and a modulation drive circuit. The IGBT pulse modulation switch adopts a standard Marx structure, is connected to a high-voltage power supply and a pulse transformer, and is used to provide a high-voltage input to the pulse transformer. The inverter and the modulation drive circuit are auxiliary circuits of the IGBT pulse modulation switch; the inverter is a full-bridge inverter composed of IGBT solid-state switches; the modulation drive circuit is used to provide overvoltage and overcurrent protection for the IGBT pulse modulation switch.

[0072] The S-band multi-injection klystron selected in the design has the characteristics of small impedance and low operating voltage. The pulse repetition frequency of the matching pulse modulator 13 is required to be adjustable from 1Hz to 1kHz, the pulse front edge tr≤1us, and the pulse trailing edge tf≤2us. The pulse front and trailing edge indicators of the pulse modulator are relatively easy to achieve. The solid-state switch front edge is faster, while the trailing edge is mainly affected by the circuit load. The S-band klystron has a low impedance and is easy to consume the trailing edge tailing caused by the distribution number after the switch is turned off. The modulator component 132 is a key extension of the pulse modulator 13. Based on the standard Marx structure of the IGBT switch, the generated DC power supply charges each energy storage capacitor through the isolation inductor and the diode, and discharges in series through the trigger signal, which can realize fast opening and closing, reduce the volume, and also reduce the transformation ratio of the pulse transformer, which is conducive to outputting a better pulse waveform. After testing, the pulse front edge is 0.12us and the pulse trailing edge is 0.19us. This design does not have a cut-off time, can achieve high repetition rate operation, and meet the continuous operation of the pulse modulator at 1Hz to 1kHz.

[0073] The inverter is a full-bridge inverter composed of IGBT solid-state switches. Its specific circuit is as follows Figure 6 As shown, the AC380V power supply is rectified and then inverted, and then resonated in series with the high-frequency inductor L1 and the capacitor C1, and then converted and outputted through the high-frequency transformer. Among them, S1~S4 are IGBT solid-state switches.

[0074] As an auxiliary circuit of the modulation switch, the modulation drive circuit enhances the driving capability while providing overvoltage and overcurrent protection for the IGBT switch. It has the advantages of fast speed, low loss and high reliability. The figure below is a partial schematic diagram of the IGBT drive circuit.

[0075] The S-band klystron has a low impedance, which causes the pulse modulator pulse trailing edge to tail. In order to obtain a better pulse waveform, the IGBT is combined with a standard Marx circuit to charge the energy storage capacitor and discharge it according to the timing signal, which can achieve fast switching on and off to ensure the output of a better pulse waveform.

[0076] It should be noted that the above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, once the basic creative concept of the present invention is known, a number of improvements and modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the attached claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system, characterized in that: It comprises an S-band high-power microwave transmitting device (1) and a feeder system (2), The feeder system (2) comprises a circulator (21), a bidirectional directional coupler (22) connected to the output end of the circulator (21), and an S-band forward microwave monitoring system (23), an S-band reverse microwave monitoring system (24) and an S-band radiation transmission system (25) connected to the bidirectional directional coupler (22); The S-band high-power transmitting device (1) comprises an excitation source (11), a klystron (12), a pulse modulator (13), a monitoring system (14), a water cooling system (15), a power supply system (16) and an auxiliary power supply; the output end of the klystron (12) is connected to the circulator (21); the auxiliary power supply comprises a filament power supply (171) for supplying power to a filament of the klystron (12) and a titanium pump power supply (172) for supplying power to a titanium pump of the klystron (12).

2. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply system (16) comprises a high-voltage power supply (161) and a power distribution unit (162); the high-voltage power supply (161) comprises a high-voltage module (1611) and a filament transformer (162); the filament transformer (162) is connected to the filament power supply (171) and the filament electrode of the klystron (12); The pulse modulator (13) is used to provide pulse energy to the klystron (12), and comprises: A pulse transformer (131), electrically connected to the klystron (12), and used for outputting a high-voltage signal to an electron gun of the klystron (12) to drive the klystron (12); A modulator component (132), connected to the high-voltage module (1611), used to convert the DC output of the high-voltage module (1611) into pulse power and provide it to the pulse transformer (131); The oil cylinder (133) has insulating transformer oil disposed therein, and the pulse transformer (131) is immersed in the insulating transformer oil.

3. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S-band high-power transmitting device also includes a cabinet (18), in which the high-voltage power supply (161), the monitoring system (14), the filament power supply (171), the excitation source (11), the titanium pump power supply (172), the power distribution unit (162), the klystron (12), the oil cylinder (132), and the modulator assembly (12) are installed in sequence from top to bottom, and the power distribution unit and the klystron are arranged side by side.

4. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cabinet (18) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a water inlet hose and a water outlet hose are provided in the water inlet and the water outlet, and the water cooling system (15) is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the collector of the klystron (12) through the water inlet hose and the water outlet hose; The klystron (12) is arranged on a side of the cabinet (18) close to a rear cabinet cover, and the power distribution unit (162) is arranged on a side of the cabinet (18) close to a front cabinet cover.

5. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the excitation source (11) is connected to the klystron (12) via a radio frequency coaxial cable; After the output end of the filament power supply (171) is connected to the filament transformer (1612), it is connected to the filament electrode of the klystron (12) via a high-voltage cable; After the high-voltage module (1611) is connected to the pulse transformer (131) via a high-voltage cable, it outputs a high-voltage signal to the electron gun of the klystron (12); The titanium pump power supply (172) is connected to the titanium pump electrode of the klystron (12) via a high-voltage cable; The high-voltage power supply (161), the excitation source (11) and the modulator component (132) are connected to the power distribution unit (162) via power cables; The monitoring system (14) is electrically connected to the feeder system (2) via an ignition protection line.

6. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modulator assembly (132) comprises: An IGBT pulse modulation switch adopts a standard Marx structure, is connected to the high voltage power supply and the pulse transformer, and is used to provide a high voltage input to the pulse transformer; The inverter and modulation drive circuit are auxiliary circuits of the IGBT pulse modulation switch; the inverter is a full-bridge inverter composed of IGBT solid-state switches; the modulation drive circuit is used to provide overvoltage and overcurrent protection for the IGBT pulse modulation switch.

7. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation source (11) comprises a frequency synthesizer (111), an excitation source modulator (112), a digitally controlled attenuator (113), a power amplifier (114), a logarithmic detector (115) and a pulse signal generator (116) which are connected in sequence, wherein the frequency synthesizer (111), the excitation source modulator (112) and the digitally controlled attenuator (113) constitute a front-stage signal source, which serves as an input signal of the power amplifier (114); Also includes: An excitation source monitoring module (117) performs status monitoring on the frequency synthesizer (111), performs pulse monitoring on the pulse signal generator (116), and performs radio frequency detection on the logarithmic detector (115); An excitation source power supply module (118) is used to supply power to each module in the excitation source (11).

8. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The excitation source (11) further comprises a front panel and a rear panel, wherein a display unit of the excitation source monitoring module (117) is arranged on the front panel, and the rear panel is provided with a power supply input port electrically connected to the excitation source power supply module (118), a communication interface connected to the pulse signal generator (116), and a power output port connected to the power amplifier.

9. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The excitation source modulator (112) is a single-pole single-throw radio frequency switch.

10. The S-band compact high-power microwave transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S-band forward microwave monitoring system (23) and the S-band reverse microwave monitoring system (24) both include a peak power meter, an oscilloscope and a waveguide transmission device.

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