68 results about "Klystron" patented technology

A directed energy firefighting device is disclosed to extinguish fires with light, comprising a structured light generator and a directed energy controller for detecting and extinguishing fires remotely and at the speed of light. The device employs structured directed light energy capable of inducing atmospheric avalanche breakdown, generating at least one of sound waves and shockwaves, and dynamically forming space-time acoustic arrays for precise fire suppression. The system may integrate one or more energy sources, including gyrotrons, traveling wave tubes, klystrons, free electron lasers, and others, to produce diffraction-resistant and dynamically structured beams that penetrate through the atmospheric and non-metalic solid physical obstructions. Key features also may include safety mechanisms and artificial intelligence for real-time optimization. Other applications include power beaming, environmental monitoring, medicine, disaster response, and orbital debris clearing are also discussed. A key feature is the ability for arbitrary manipulation of light over large areas.

The invention belongs to the field of particle accelerator microwaves, and particularly relates to a C-band compact spherical microwave pulse compression device which comprises a shell, a dual-polarization mode coupler and a circular waveguide, a spherical energy storage cavity is formed in the shell, and the circular waveguide and the spherical energy storage cavity are communicated through a coupling hole; the dual-polarization mode coupler comprises a rectangular waveguide, a butterfly-shaped matching section and a cylindrical matching section. According to the klystron radio frequency pulse compression circuit, the radio frequency pulse with the pulse width of 2.5 microseconds of the klystron can be compressed to 300ns, the average power gain in a single pulse is more than 4 times, the peak power gain is 6.3 times, and the compression efficiency is about 54%. According to the dual-polarization mode coupler, the functions of power distribution, mode conversion and polarization mode generation are synchronously realized, a TE10 mode in a rectangular waveguide is converted into two polarization TE11 modes which are equal in amplitude and orthogonal in phase, and then the two orthogonal TE114 modes are excited in a spherical energy storage cavity.

The invention provides an adaptive control method and system for an accelerator klystron, and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: collecting a reverse wave signal in a microwave signal which is generated by an excitation source, is amplified by the klystron, and is inputted to an accelerating tube, and obtaining the current output frequency of the excitation source; performing I / Q orthogonal demodulation on the reverse wave signal to obtain an I / Q signal, and calculating the frequency deviation between the current resonant frequency of the accelerating tube and the current output frequency of the excitation source; and according to the frequency deviation, outputting a frequency control instruction to the excitation source so as to adjust the output frequency of the excitation source, and enabling the current output frequency of the excitation source to track the current resonant frequency of the accelerating tube. By calculating the frequency deviation and directly outputting the control instruction to adjust the output frequency of the excitation source, the technical problems of control object dislocation and response lag existing in a traditional automatic frequency control system are solved.

The invention discloses a temperature monitoring system suitable for a fusion reactor low-clutter system and an over-temperature protection method. The temperature monitoring system comprises a high-speed temperature acquisition unit, a thermocouple sensor, an industrial control upper computer and a database server. A microwave excitation signal of the microwave excitation source is amplified by the microwave source klystron and then transmitted to the low-clutter coupled antenna through the microwave transmission line, and a plurality of temperature measuring points are arranged on the waveguide surface of the microwave transmission line and the end face of the low-clutter coupled antenna. Measurement output ends of the thermocouple sensors are uniformly accessed and gathered into the high-speed temperature acquisition unit and are uploaded to the industrial control upper computer, and the industrial control upper computer records and stores acquired multi-channel real-time temperature data, control signal output values and alarm events into the database server. The method has the advantages that early warning and temperature regulation are carried out for potential thermal runaway faults, so that the equipment safety of a high-power microwave transmission device and the normal operation of a low-clutter current driving system are guaranteed.

A linear accelerator apparatus suitable for radiotherapy applications such as FLASH radiotherapy, comprising an apparatus for accelerating a beam of electrons 412 provided by an injector 410 through t

The utility model discloses a kind of cathode heater subassemblies for klystron electron gun, it is characterized in that, including: cathode base, heater sleeve, heater and detachable heat shield assembly, the upper and lower two end surfaces of cathode base are respectively provided with emitting surface and mounting groove, heater sleeve is detachably fixed in mounting groove, and the end surface of heater sleeve back to cathode base is equipped with accommodating groove;Heater is installed in accommodating groove, and the part of heater in accommodating groove is wrapped with insulating layer;Heat shield assembly includes outer heat shield and inner heat shield, outer heat shield is sleeved in cathode base, and inner heat shield is installed in outer heat shield and covers heater sleeve and heater.The utility model can realize reversibility dismounting and maintenance, and heater material volatilization can be avoided directly deposited on the emitting surface of cathode base, help to maintain the emitting surface cleanliness of cathode base, to improve electron emission efficiency, high-temperature solder can also be reduced in use, reduce cost.

The present invention discloses a method and structure for suppressing high-order mode oscillations in a multi-beam klystron. The present invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum electronic devices. The method proposed in the present invention adds a mode filter structure to the inner wall of the coaxial resonator of the multi-beam klystron. Its length is equal to half of the wavelength of the operating mode and is close to three-quarters of the wavelength of the high-order mode. Based on the principle of half-wavelength repeatability, this structure has the characteristic of having little influence on the frequency of the operating mode. Based on the principle of quarter-wavelength impedance transformation, this structure has the characteristic of having a greater influence on the high-order mode. By optimizing the design of the dimensions of the mode filter structure, it is possible to suppress spurious modes and eliminate the influence of high-order mode self-excited oscillations without affecting the frequency, field magnitude, and symmetry of the operating mode of the multi-beam klystron, providing technical support for the simulation design and engineering tube manufacturing of the multi-beam klystron.

The invention discloses a klystron residual life prediction system and a klystron residual life prediction method, belongs to the technical field of electron linear accelerators, and aims to solve the problems that no method for predicting the klystron residual life exists, maintenance and replacement are often carried out when the klystron cannot work suddenly, and stocking / replacement of the klystron needs a quite long time, so that the klystron is inconvenient to use. The system comprises a data acquisition unit, a data transmission unit, a data storage unit, a data operation unit and a data output unit. By collecting and analyzing the key operation data of the klystron, the residual life of the klystron can be predicted more accurately, and maintenance or replacement plan errors caused by inaccurate prediction are avoided; by making a maintenance or replacement plan in advance, the shutdown time of equipment caused by sudden failure of the klystron can be shortened, so that economic loss caused by shutdown is reduced, and meanwhile, reasonable spare part inventory management can also avoid extra cost caused by insufficient spare parts or untimely replacement.

The invention provides a method, a device and equipment for realizing miniaturization of an electronic optical system of a klystron, which can be applied to the technical field of vacuum electronic devices. The method for realizing miniaturization of the electron optical system of the klystron comprises the following steps: acquiring a first target parameter of an electron gun and an initial permanent magnet focusing system; according to the first magnetic induction intensity, the magnetic induction intensity area range of the initial permanent magnet focusing system is adjusted, and a first magnetic induction intensity curve is obtained; adjusting the initial structure parameters by simulating a working state of embedding an electron gun corresponding to the initial structure parameters into the middle permanent magnet focusing system to obtain a second magnetic induction intensity curve; and embedding the electron gun corresponding to the target structure parameter corresponding to the second magnetic induction intensity curve into the target permanent magnet focusing system to obtain the electron optical system of the target speed regulation tube.

According to one embodiment, a klystron includes a high-frequency interaction unit, a main magnet arranged in a ring shape around the high-frequency interaction unit, an output waveguide, an auxiliary magnet arranged in a ring shape opposing the output waveguide, an output unit for extracting high-frequency power from the output waveguide, and an output adjustment mechanism which adjusts the output of the high-frequency power extracted from the output unit by deforming the output waveguide. In the output adjustment mechanism, the output waveguide is deformed by engaging a distal end of a jig inserted from an outside of the auxiliary magnet via a jig insertion hole with an engagement member and pushing or pulling the engagement member.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave vacuum electronics, and particularly provides a slow wave structure based on moving standing wave work, which is used for realizing the design targets of high power, high gain and wide bandwidth of a vacuum electronic device. According to the invention, a rectangular folded slow-wave structure which is a traveling-wave-type slow-wave line is creatively adopted to replace a distributed multi-gap structure in a traditional extended interaction klystron, and a novel resonant cavity of an upper coupled cavity / traveling-wave-type slow-wave line / lower coupled cavity is obtained, so that the novel slow-wave structure can have traveling wave characteristics and standing wave characteristics at the same time. Stronger characteristic impedance and wider bandwidth are obtained; the novel slow-wave structure is applied to a vacuum electronic device as a high-frequency structure, can achieve the design targets of high power, high gain and wide bandwidth of the vacuum electronic device, has the advantage of good cavity consistency, can effectively reduce the complexity of a cavity compared with an existing device, and improves the reliability of the vacuum electronic device. And the magnetic field distribution design difficulty and the device processing difficulty are greatly reduced.

A directed energy firefighting device is disclosed to extinguish fires with light, comprising a structured light generator and a directed energy controller for detecting and extinguishing fires remotely and at the speed of light. The device employs structured directed light energy capable of inducing atmospheric avalanche breakdown, generating at least one of sound waves and shockwaves, and dynamically forming space-time acoustic arrays for precise fire suppression. The system may integrate one or more energy sources, including gyrotrons, traveling wave tubes, klystrons, free electron lasers, and others, to produce diffraction-resistant and dynamically structured beams that penetrate through the atmospheric and non-metalic solid physical obstructions. Key features also may include safety mechanisms and artificial intelligence for real-time optimization. Other applications include power beaming, environmental monitoring, medicine, disaster response, and orbital debris clearing are also discussed. A key feature is the ability for arbitrary manipulation of light over large areas.

The utility model relates to the technical field of pulse width modulation, and discloses a pulse width modulation type pulse klystron amplifier which comprises a bottom plate, and the top of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a body substrate. According to the pulse width modulation type pulse klystron amplifier, a worker slides a shell to the top of a bottom plate and places the shell on the top of a frame plate, then the worker rotates a rotating plate towards one side to rotate on the surface of a rotating column, the rotating plate pulls a spring to store force, and when the worker moves the rotating plate to the top of a limiting plate, the rotating plate is rotated to the top of the limiting plate; then a rotating plate is loosened to release force generated by a spring, so that the spring rebounds and pulls the rotating plate to move, the bottom of the rotating plate is inserted into the inner wall of a limiting plate, the position of the shell is limited to the top of the bottom plate, rapid installation of the shell is achieved, and workers can open the shell to protect the bottom plate and maintain a body base plate in the shell conveniently; and a worker can conveniently disassemble or assemble the shell.

The application provides a kind of klystron high-dimensional parameter optimization method and system, comprising: using klystron one-dimensional large signal simulation software KlyH, the input design parameter is simulated and calculated, and initial data set containing design parameter and corresponding output parameter is generated;Regression prediction model of design parameter to output parameter is constructed, the normalized output change rate of design parameter is calculated based on regression prediction model, and the sensitivity of each design parameter to output parameter is determined according to the normalized output change rate;According to the sensitivity, the range of each design parameter is dynamically adjusted, the optimization search interval of each design parameter is obtained, and multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to optimize and solve in the optimization search interval, and the optimal solution set is obtained.The dimensionality reduction and search space compression of klystron design parameter are realized, the calculation efficiency and search quality are further improved, and reliable support can be provided for intelligent optimization design of high-performance klystron.

The invention provides an open type absorption cavity for a TM220 higher-order mode klystron and a preparation method and application of the open type absorption cavity. The open type absorption cavity is arranged in a magnetic field distribution area of a TM120 mode and a TM210 mode in an output cavity of a high-order mode klystron, and comprises a frame structure and an attenuation material body filled in the frame structure, the frame structure comprises an upper base, a lower base and a plurality of connecting pieces, the upper base and the lower base are arranged in parallel, the connecting pieces are vertically connected between a plurality of pairs of aligned corners of the upper base and the lower base respectively, a cavity structure with an open side face is defined by the upper base, the lower base and the connecting pieces, and the cavity structure is filled with the attenuation material body; the outer side faces of the attenuation material body and the peripheral face of the connecting piece are arranged in a coplanar mode, the open state of the four outer side faces of the attenuation material body is kept through the frame structure, the open outer side faces make direct contact with and are coupled with a magnetic field generated in an output cavity of the high-order mode klystron, and suppression and absorption of a TM120 mode and a TM210 mode are achieved.

An electromagnetic power source (100, Fig. 1), e.g. a cylindrical or co-axial cavity gyrotron, surface wave source, klystron or travelling wave tube, configured to generate microwave or terahertz power modes for heating plasma in a nuclear fusion reactor (300, Fig. 6) is described. The power source comprises an excitation cavity 108 configured to generate an electromagnetic power mode 112, wherein the excitation cavity comprises a first, inner layer 122 thermally coupled to a second, outer layer 124, wherein the first layer comprises electrically conducting metal, e.g. copper, silver or gold, and the second layer comprises diamond. The diamond of the second layer may be a metal composite diamond or may be formed by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). The second layer may, for example, comprise: a unitary structure; a plurality of coaxially stacked, hollow cylindrical or toroidal segments (130, Fig 8a); or a plurality of rectangular bars joined using a brazing or bonding material (123, Fig. 4).

The utility model belongs to a high-adaptability fractional-ratio pulse transformer structure in the technical field of high-voltage pulse equipment. Comprising a main transformer (A) and a klystron base (B), a first connecting base (19) and a second connecting base (20) are arranged on a bottom plate (13) of the main transformer (A), a first coil (11) and a second coil (12) are connected between the first connecting base (19) and the second connecting base (20), the first coil (11) is connected with a first socket (16), the second coil (12) is connected with a second socket (15), and primary iron core coils (18) are arranged on the first coil (11) and the second coil (12) respectively. The high-adaptability fractional-ratio pulse transformer structure is simple in structure, the number of turns of a secondary coil can be switched according to requirements when different technical parameters are achieved through gear adjustment design of the main transformer, a klystron base is subjected to switching design, and therefore the high-adaptability fractional-ratio pulse transformer structure can meet different klystron installation requirements.

The invention provides a vacuum electronic device. The vacuum electronic device is an extended interaction klystron amplifier with a planar extended interaction resonant cavity as a transduction structure, wherein the planar extended interaction resonant cavity is composed of two groups of symmetrical planar circuits. The amplifier combines the advantages of a klystron and a traveling wave tube transduction structure, and has the characteristics of stability (unidirectivity), planarization and miniaturization under the condition of small and medium power.

The utility model discloses a klystron device and an electron accelerator, the klystron device comprises a klystron main body, a klystron collector and an electron transmission device, the electron transmission device comprises a focusing coil and an electron transmission tube, and the focusing coil of the electron transmission device is arranged at the outer side of the klystron collector; one end of the klystron collector is connected with the tail end of the klystron main body, and the other end of the klystron collector is connected with the electron transport tube; the electron transport tube is connected with the front end of an accelerating tube in the electron accelerator; a waveguide is arranged at the tail end of the klystron main body, the waveguide is connected with the front end of the accelerating tube, and electrons are accelerated by a microwave field transmitted by the waveguide after entering the accelerating tube through the electron transmission tube. An electron gun on the top of a traditional accelerating tube is omitted, the system structure is simplified, the system cost is reduced, and meanwhile the system failure rate is reduced.

The application provides a high-frequency structure loaded with a four-bridge full-metal superstructure unit, and belongs to the technical field of high-power vacuum electron devices. The structure realizes miniaturization of a multi-beam klystron high-frequency structure by loading a four-bridge full-metal superstructure unit in the multi-beam klystron high-frequency structure. Meanwhile, a circular through hole is arranged in the axial center area of the four-bridge full-metal superstructure unit, and by adjusting the radius of the circular through hole and the radius of the superstructure resonant cavity, the electric field intensity distribution in the inner and outer circle electron beam channels can be effectively controlled under the premise that the working frequency of the resonant cavity basic mode electric field does not deviate, that is, the electric field in the axial center area is weakened, and electromagnetic energy is redistributed in the radial direction, so that the electric field consistency in the multi-circumference electron beam channel is effectively improved while the multi-beam klystron is miniaturized, the difference in the modulation effect of the inner and outer circle electron beams is reduced, and the electron efficiency and operation stability of the multi-beam klystron are improved.

The present invention belongs to the field of microwave vacuum electronics technology, and specifically provides a slow-wave structure based on traveling standing waves to achieve the design goals of high power, high gain and wide bandwidth of vacuum electronic devices. The present invention creatively adopts a traveling wave type slow-wave line of a rectangular folded slow-wave structure to replace the distributed multi-gap structure in the traditional extended interaction klystron, and obtains a new resonant cavity of upper coupling cavity / traveling wave type slow-wave line / lower coupling cavity, so that the new slow-wave structure can have both traveling wave characteristics and standing wave characteristics, and obtain stronger characteristic impedance and wider bandwidth; the new slow-wave structure is applied as a high-frequency structure in vacuum electronic devices, which can achieve the design goals of high power, high gain and wide bandwidth of vacuum electronic devices, and has the advantage of good cavity consistency. Compared with existing devices, it can effectively reduce the complexity of the cavity, greatly reduce the difficulty of magnetic field distribution design and device processing difficulty.

The invention relates to the field of microwave vacuum electronic amplification devices, and particularly provides a double-staggered coupled cavity expansion interaction klystron with a trapezoidal sub-wavelength hole high-frequency structure, which comprises an input cavity, a plurality of middle cavities, an output cavity, a rectangular electron beam channel and a drift tube, and is characterized in that the input cavity, the plurality of middle cavities and the output cavity are sequentially connected through the drift tube; the input cavity, the middle cavity and the output cavity all adopt a double-staggered coupled cavity structure; on the basis, in the input cavity, the middle cavity and the output cavity, the resonant cavities are connected with the upper coupling cavity and the lower coupling cavity through the isosceles trapezoid sub-wavelength holes, and the long bottom edges of the isosceles trapezoid sub-wavelength holes and the wide edges of the resonant cavities are arranged in equal proportion, so that the electric field energy is more gathered in an electron beam channel, the characteristic impedance is increased, and the interaction efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the quality factor is reduced, and parasitic oscillation is avoided. Compared with an existing structure, the expansion interaction klystron has obvious advantages in the aspects of high power, high gain, high efficiency and wide bandwidth.

The embodiment of the present application provides a dual-energy electron irradiation accelerator structure, which comprises an accelerating tube, a klystron, an accelerating tube electron gun, a klystron electron gun, a first output assembly and a second output assembly. The accelerating tube is communicated with the klystron. The accelerating tube electron gun is arranged at one end of the accelerating tube. The klystron electron gun is arranged at one end of the klystron. The first output assembly is arranged at the other end of the accelerating tube and is used for outputting a first electron beam from the accelerating tube. The second output assembly is arranged at the other end of the klystron and is used for outputting a second electron beam from the klystron. The dual-energy electron irradiation accelerator structure of the embodiment of the present application has high utilization efficiency of the electron beam.

The present invention provides a simulation optimization method and system for a relativistic klystron, and an electronic device, including: obtaining simulation design parameters of the relativistic klystron input by a user; selecting an optimization objective, optimization parameters and a multi-objective optimization algorithm for the relativistic klystron; according to the simulation design parameters, optimization objective, optimization parameters and the multi-objective optimization algorithm, using the self-developed klystron large-signal simulation software KlyH based on a one-dimensional disk model to perform multi-objective optimization on the relativistic klystron, and visually displaying the optimized simulation results, greatly improving the simulation speed and achieving multi-objective optimization of the relativistic klystron; being able to perform bandwidth simulation on the relativistic klystron based on the simulation design parameters of the relativistic klystron input by the user. Through designing a clear visual interface, the user can efficiently complete the simulation and optimization tasks without complex programming skills, significantly reducing the technical usage threshold.

The invention discloses a control system and method for continuously adjusting the output power of a low-clutter system, and the system comprises a local oscillator source, a power divider, and a plurality of klystron amplification branches connected in parallel, the local oscillator source generates an initial microwave signal, the signal is distributed to each klystron amplification branch connected in parallel through the power divider, and the klystron amplification branches are connected in parallel. A PIN electrically controlled attenuator in the klystron amplification branch receives a control voltage from a control system, and a microwave switch receives a digital switch signal from the control system and is used for on-off control of the branch; the signal processed by the klystron amplification branch is amplified by the klystron and then enters the bidirectional coupler, and the bidirectional coupler is used for coupling sampling signals of incident power and reflection power and sending the sampling signals to the control system; the microwave power output by the bidirectional coupler is injected into the plasma; the method has the advantages that the problem that the power regulation range of an existing system is limited, and particularly continuous regulation cannot be achieved in a low-power section is solved.

The present invention provides a design method and system for a relativistic klystron based on multi-objective optimization. The method includes: obtaining the simulation design parameters and optimization objectives of the relativistic klystron input by the user; according to the simulation design parameters, using the self-developed klystron large-signal simulation software KlyH based on the one-dimensional disk model to simulate and analyze the relativistic klystron, and using the hybrid multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize the optimization objectives. Through the integration of the hybrid multi-objective optimization algorithm and the klystron large-signal simulation software KlyH based on the one-dimensional disk model, it is possible to efficiently explore different design schemes of relativistic klystrons in the multi-dimensional parameter space, not only capable of simultaneously optimizing multiple key indicators such as efficiency, interaction length, and power, but also significantly improving the global search ability, quickly generating high-quality designs that meet complex requirements, and greatly improving the reliability and engineering feasibility of the relativistic klystron design in the present invention.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to a TEM mode capacitor loading coaxial resonant cavity for a P-band klystron, which comprises an outer conductor, two ends of the outer conductor are respectively and fixedly connected with a first blocking plate and a second blocking plate, a first cavity is arranged in the outer conductor, an inner conductor is arranged in the first cavity, and a second cavity is arranged in the inner conductor. The length of the inner conductor is smaller than that of the outer conductor, one end of the inner conductor is fixedly connected with the side, close to the second blocking plate, of the first blocking plate, a gap is formed between the other end of the inner conductor and the side, close to the first blocking plate, of the second blocking plate, the gap is L1, a gap is formed between the outer side wall of the inner conductor and the inner side wall of the outer conductor, and a second cavity is formed in the inner conductor. A first through hole is formed in the first blocking plate and communicated with the first cavity through the second cavity, and a second through hole is formed in the second blocking plate in the length direction of the outer conductor and communicated with the first cavity. Compared with a double-in cylindrical resonant cavity, the transverse size of the resonant cavity is obviously reduced.

The invention discloses a high-power klystron electron gun surface electric field gradient optimization method based on a genetic algorithm, and belongs to the field of microwave vacuum electron tube design. The method is used for optimizing the focusing electrode of the electron gun, and comprises the following steps: determining basic structure parameters of a cathode and an anode of the electron gun according to the Pearls theory; parameterizing the focusing electrode to form an initial structure model; calling DGUN software to carry out two-dimensional beam simulation calculation; establishing an NSGA-II multi-objective optimization program based on Python, and obtaining a Pareto optimal solution set by taking electron beam current, waist radius and surface electric field gradient as optimization objectives; and finally, verifying an optimization result through CST three-dimensional simulation. According to the method, design efficiency is remarkably improved while design indexes are met, the maximum electric field gradient of the surface of the electron gun is effectively reduced to be about 20 kV / mm, energy distribution is more uniform, the vacuum breakdown risk is reduced, and the method is suitable for optimal design of the high-power klystron electron gun.

The application discloses an X-band high-power wideband velocity modulation tube amplifier, comprising: an electron beam emitting module for generating a circular high-impedance high-current relativistic electron beam; a wideband injection module for externally injecting a microwave signal, absorbing the microwave signal, and preliminarily velocity modulating the high-current relativistic electron beam generated by the electron beam emitting module to convert the high-current relativistic electron beam into a gap electric field modulation electron beam; a high-frequency interaction module for further modulating the gap electric field modulation electron beam converted by the wideband injection module and generating bunching to increase the fundamental wave current modulation depth of each frequency of the high-current relativistic electron beam; and a wideband extraction module for converting the kinetic energy of the electron beam after the bunching of the high-frequency interaction module into microwave energy and coupling the microwave energy to an external circuit. The velocity modulation tube amplifier can realize high-power microwave output of corresponding frequencies and improve the working bandwidth of the velocity modulation tube amplifier in the X-band.

This invention discloses a high-frequency structure and field uniformity optimization method for an S-band multi-beam klystron. By coupling a radial line and a coaxial line at the middle of the right side of the inner wall of the output coaxial resonant cavity to form an axisymmetric structure, and by adjusting the width of the radial line and the inner and outer diameters of the coaxial line, the operating mode frequency and external quality factor meet the requirements, thus obtaining an output coaxial resonant cavity with field uniformity. This ensures that almost every beam in the multi-beam klystron experiences equal modulation, naturally suppressing the generation of reflected electrons in the output resonant cavity and significantly improving the device's performance.