67 results about "Power gain" patented technology

Device structures and fabrication methods for MOSFETs having a novel multiple-conductive layer “T”-shaped gate (as viewed in cross-section). The novel “T-gate” significantly decreases the gate resistance RG of a MOSFET device and thus increases the figure-of-merit fMAX (the maximum device oscillation frequency, or the frequency at which the maximum power gain equals unity) and reduces the noise factor (NF) of the device. Fabrication of the novel MOSFET devices may be readily integrated into existing IC fabrication processes, and such MOSFETs may have gate lengths Lg scaled below the lithographic capabilities of the fabrication process. Some embodiments include conformal gate side-spacers. Some embodiments include non-conformal air-gapped gate side-spacers that result in reduced parasitic gate-to-source capacitance CGS and gate-to-drain capacitance CGD, with concomitant improved performance at high radio frequencies (RF). Embodiments of the novel MOSFET device enable RF circuits, such as low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), to exhibit a better noise figure parameter, NFmin.

The invention relates to a radio frequency feed link power optimization method and device based on an improved genetic algorithm, and the method comprises the steps: setting a design index of a radio frequency feed link according to the composition of the radio frequency feed link, and building a microwave assembly parameter library; based on the design index of the radio frequency feed link and the microwave component parameter library, constructing an optimization model of the radio frequency feed link by taking the maximum power gain as a target function and combining at least one constraint condition of interlayer mutual exclusion constraint and noise constraint; and based on the optimization model, solving an optimal design index of the radio frequency feed link to obtain a technical scheme meeting preset power gain and noise coefficient requirements. Therefore, the problems that the multi-objective optimization requirement cannot be considered, global optimal configuration is difficult to realize in a complex parameter space, the link power distribution is not uniform, the system performance is limited and the like due to the fact that the radio frequency feed link design generally adopts a method of manually depending on an empirical formula or manual parameter adjustment are solved.

The present application relates to a kind of load self-awareness wide range error calibration method and system for internet of things electric energy meter.The method obtains the cycle level voltage, current sampling data and current range state of electric energy meter, extracts current step slope, power factor mutation quantity and harmonic envelope attenuation characteristics, judges whether range boundary event occurs, and determines the range boundary residual window caused by sampling front end gain switching, holding capacitor release and digital filter history state residue.In the residual window, the update of current gain, active power gain, phase compensation and other calibration coefficients is frozen, while normal electric energy metering is maintained;After the end of the residual window, generate or call residual fading template based on stable samples before and after the boundary, and gradually release calibration update weight according to cycle.The present application can reduce the risk of wide range calibration parameter pollution by transition sample in load mutation scene, and improve the stability of internet of things electric energy meter online calibration.

The invention discloses a radio frequency circuit, method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of radio frequency. The radio frequency circuit comprises a signal transmitter used for transmitting a radio frequency signal; the power amplifier is connected with the signal transmitter and is used for amplifying the radio frequency signal; the switch module is connected with the power amplifier, the switch module comprises a first signal channel and a second signal channel, the first signal channel is provided with a filter, the second signal channel is a non-filtering channel, and the switch module is used for switching the power amplifier according to the power gain level of the power amplifier. Selectively conducting a first signal channel or a second signal channel associated with the power gain level to transmit the radio frequency signal; and the antenna is connected with the switch module and is used for receiving the radio frequency signal.

The application discloses a broadband folded full-metal slow wave structure, which comprises a first grid body and a second grid body arranged in a central symmetry; the first grid body and the second grid body enclose an electron beam channel; the first grid body comprises a plurality of metal grids arranged at equal intervals along a direction of a traveling wave; a cross section of the metal grid along the direction of the traveling wave comprises a first rectangular section, a trapezoidal section and a second rectangular section connected in sequence; the first rectangular section is provided with an arc-shaped opening with an opening direction away from the trapezoidal section; the arc-shaped opening comprises a first opening and a second opening; a hollowed-out part of the first opening is a rectangular body, and a hollowed-out part of the second opening is a semi-cylindrical body. By setting the hollowed-out part of the first opening as the rectangular body and the hollowed-out part of the second opening as the semi-cylindrical body, a ring-shaped tip of the slow wave structure is prevented, the slow wave structure is easy to manufacture, the dispersion characteristic is improved to expand a bandwidth, high-frequency loss is reduced, and output power, gain, bandwidth and interaction efficiency of the traveling wave tube are improved.

This invention provides a robust resource scheduling method, apparatus, and device for satellite communication systems, relating to the field of wireless communication technology. The method includes: acquiring real-time environmental data and the channel coefficients at the current moment; determining the channel parameters corresponding to the real-time environmental data using an environment-parameter correspondence table, the channel parameters including the channel time correlation coefficient and the innovation process variance; calculating the statistical characteristics of the channel coefficients at the time to be transmitted based on the channel coefficients and channel parameters at the current moment; constructing a probabilistic constraint relationship using a one-sided Chebyshev inequality based on the statistical characteristics and a preset confidence parameter, calculating the minimum channel carrying power gain at the time to be transmitted that satisfies the preset probability guarantee; and performing resource scheduling based on the minimum channel carrying power gain at the time to be transmitted using a robust proportional fair scheduling algorithm. This invention can improve resource scheduling efficiency.

The invention discloses a low-noise amplifier circuit design method, a low-noise amplifier circuit and a low-noise amplifier chip. The low-noise amplifier circuit design method comprises the following steps: constructing a small-signal equivalent circuit diagram of a transistor added into a feedback network; obtaining the input impedance and the output impedance of the transistor according to the small signal equivalent circuit diagram; according to the input impedance and the output impedance, obtaining a feedback gain of a transistor added to the feedback network and an intrinsic gain of a transistor without the feedback network, and according to the feedback gain and the intrinsic gain, obtaining a proportionality coefficient; constructing a noise analysis equivalent circuit diagram of the transistor added into the feedback network; obtaining a total noise coefficient according to the noise analysis equivalent circuit diagram, and obtaining an influence coefficient according to the total noise coefficient; and constructing a contour map about feedback parameters of the feedback network according to the proportionality coefficient and the influence coefficient, and analyzing the gain flatness and noise performance of the transistor according to the contour map. According to the invention, a low noise coefficient, a high power gain and an excellent gain flatness index are synchronously realized in an ultra-wide frequency band.

The invention provides a method for extracting high-frequency characteristics of an indium-phosphorus heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT). The method comprises the following steps: acquiring S parameter test data of InP HBTs with different sizes; extracting element parameters based on the test S parameters and the T-type small-signal equivalent circuit model of the InP HBT; obtaining a forward current gain and a unidirectional power gain under the radio frequency condition; constructing a frequency extraction model; obtaining a cut-off frequency and a maximum oscillation frequency; and constructing a geometric scalable model of the cut-off frequency and the maximum oscillation frequency based on the change rule of the cut-off frequency and the maximum oscillation frequency along with the size of the device. According to the invention, the method for extracting the cut-off frequency and the maximum oscillation frequency is defined by using the test S parameter; through testing under the multi-size and multi-bias condition, the effectiveness of the method is verified, the precision of the model is improved, and meanwhile, the time for extracting the cut-off frequency and the maximum oscillation frequency is greatly shortened.

The invention provides a signal amplifier and a radar chip, and the signal amplifier comprises a programmable gain amplifier and a voltage stabilizing circuit. The alternating current input coil voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with a direct current path of the alternating current input coil programmable gain amplifier so as to supply power to the alternating current input coil programmable gain amplifier; the alternating current input coil programmable gain amplifier comprises a pre-stage amplification circuit and a post-stage amplification circuit; the alternating-current input coil pre-stage amplification circuit and the alternating-current input coil post-stage amplification circuit are coupled to form an alternating-current path, and a direct-current path of the alternating-current input coil pre-stage amplification circuit is connected with a direct-current path of the alternating-current input coil post-stage amplification circuit through a coil tap. The signal amplifier provided by the invention aims to form a programmable gain amplifier with both efficiency and power gain.

A reference voltage controlled equalization input data buffer circuit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a feedback signal generator, a reference voltage converter, a reference voltage multiplexing circuit, and a gain control unit. The first amplifier includes a first input terminal for receiving a data signal, a second input terminal for receiving a reference voltage, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal. The second amplifier is coupled to the first amplifier. The feedback signal generator is coupled to the second amplifier. The reference voltage converter is used for receiving the reference voltage. The reference voltage multiplexing circuit is coupled to the second amplifier and the reference voltage converter. The gain control unit is coupled to the feedback signal generator, the first output terminal of the first amplifier, the second output terminal of the first amplifier, and the reference voltage multiplexing circuit.

This invention relates to a machine learning-based modeling method for cloud wireless access networks, comprising: acquiring a remote cloud wireless access network transmitter; improving the remote cloud wireless access network transmitter by replacing the traditional microwave source with a dual-ring opto-oscillator to suppress side modes through single-mode oscillation; and introducing a directly modulated laser after an arbitrary waveform generator to utilize the chirp effect and fiber dispersion to generate power gain; and modeling the millimeter-wave signal spectrum of the improved remote cloud wireless access network transmitter based on a lightweight gradient booster model to match the dimensions of input and output features. This invention uses a dual-ring opto-oscillator to replace the traditional microwave source, reducing phase noise; utilizes the synergistic gain behavior of the directly modulated laser chirp and fiber dispersion to improve the transmission gain of the millimeter-wave signal; and models the spectral characteristics of the millimeter-wave signal using a lightweight gradient booster model to achieve spectrum prediction.

The invention relates to the field of research, development and application of semiconductor devices, in particular to a silicon / graphene / germanium barrier transistor array based on the technology of epitaxial growth of graphene on germanium and a construction method. The transistor comprises the following components from top to bottom: a first layer comprises a base electrode and silicon thin film combined structure, a second layer comprises an emitting electrode and epitaxially-grown single-crystal single-layer graphene, a third layer is a germanium substrate, and a fourth layer is a collector electrode; wherein the bottom of the base electrode is connected with the graphene through a silicon thin film, and the graphene is a layer of single crystal graphene growing on the surface of the germanium substrate through chemical vapor deposition; the base electrode, the emitter electrode and the collector electrode are all metal electrodes, and the metal electrodes are of a titanium / gold laminated composite structure. According to the invention, Schottky heterojunctions of graphene and germanium and Schottky heterojunctions of graphene and silicon are respectively constructed, and different barrier heights of the two heterojunctions are utilized, so that a 4 * 105 common emitter current gain, a 2 * 106 power gain and a prototype device with THz characteristic frequency theoretically are realized.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatuses for repeater. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a network node may include: a transceiver configured to receive configuration information for a set of reference signals (RSs); a processor coupled to the transceiver and configured to determine at least one of a power gain, a beam identity (ID), a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state ID, or a quasi-colocation (QCL) type D property for each RS in the set of RSs; wherein the transceiver is further configured to transmit the set of RSs based on the determined at least one of the power gain, the beam ID, the TCI state ID, or the QCL type D property for each RS.

This application provides a method for evaluating interference effectiveness without relying on direct information feedback, relating to the field of wireless communication security. When faced with unknown communication modes and channel power gain conditions, a cognitive jammer evaluates the interference effectiveness to assess the merits of different interference decisions, optimizing or adjusting these decisions. Before evaluation, the cognitive jammer first analyzes the cognitive communication interference effectiveness evaluation model, the working protocols of the cognitive jammer and the communication pair, and the characteristics of different communication power control models. During evaluation, the cognitive jammer identifies the communication power control model through regular multi-node cooperative interference induction, and then locates the hidden terminal. Based on the node positions of the communication pair, the power gain of the communication and interference channels is estimated, thereby obtaining the interference effectiveness function values ​​of the cognitive jammer under different interference decisions. This invention achieves interference effectiveness evaluation under non-cooperative conditions, providing a basis for cognitive interference decision optimization and improving cognitive interference effectiveness.

A gate tie-down (GTD) cell utilizing a backside power delivery scheme is disclosed in which a metal line that delivers power is disposed on a backside of a die. Back side power may be delivered to the gate through the S / D and through the front side contact. Thus, an ultra-low height standard cell may be implemented. And higher area scaling can also be realized. In addition, performance and power gain can be maximized.

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a communication method and a related apparatus. The method is applied to a terminal device having dual power amplifiers and dual local oscillators. The method comprises: on the basis of a first transmission resource, determining a first maximum power reduction (MPR), wherein the first transmission resource is a transmission resource corresponding to a first component carrier (CC); on the basis of the first MPR, determining a first transmitting power; on the basis of the first transmitting power, sending on the first transmission resource a first signal carried by the first CC; on the basis of a second transmission resource, determining a second MPR, wherein the second transmission resource is a transmission resource corresponding to a second CC; on the basis of the second MPR, determining a second transmitting power; and on the basis of the second transmitting power, sending on the second transmission resource a second signal carried by the second CC. The opportunities for signals carried by different CCs to obtain power gains are increased.

The invention discloses a method and system for calculating the cold end power gain of a unit online, and belongs to the technical field of power generation. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, according to different loads and exhaust steam pressures of a cycle unit, obtaining a correction curve of the exhaust steam pressure and the load change rate through thermal performance test fitting; then, according to the condenser backpressure and the correction curve of the unit, calculating a micro-increasing power coefficient in a segmented manner; then, the turbine micro-increasing power under the current unit load is calculated based on the micro-increasing power coefficient, and the power income is further determined; and finally, the backpressure of the condenser and the operation mode of the circulating pump are dynamically adjusted, so that the power benefit is maximized. Through real-time curve correction and dynamic back pressure regulation and control, the limitation of traditional static calculation is solved, the accuracy of power income evaluation is remarkably improved, energy conservation and consumption reduction can be achieved without additional hardware investment, and the method has the advantages of being short in construction period and quick in effect and is suitable for optimized operation of the cold end system of the power plant.

The application discloses a kind of time and space resolution GHz spin precession detection method and system, comprising: obtaining the static synchronous radiation XMCD signal of the magnetic sample to be measured and the information of ferromagnetic resonance under specific frequency;High-frequency microwave signal is extracted from the accelerator center main microwave source and is pulsed with the same frequency (with the same frequency with the synchronous radiation X-ray pulse signal), phase delay, low-frequency modulation, power gain and microwave frequency multiplication processing after inputting plane waveguide to excite sample and generate ferromagnetic resonance;At the same time, the synchronous radiation X-ray is incident on the magnetic sample through waveguide hole, and the photoluminescence signal of the magnetic sample under different phase delays of high-frequency microwave signal relative to X-ray pulse is measured, to obtain dynamic spin precession signal;Finally, change detection position and repeat, realize spatial resolution.The application designs the detection method of system module, utilizes the advantages of synchronous radiation X-ray pulse time structure and small size light spot, realizes time and space resolution GHz spin precession detection.

The application discloses a beamforming method of a holographic MIMO antenna array based on a steering vector, and under the condition that a user end position is unknown, multiple code words are constructed based on the steering vector through the combination of the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the user end relative to the antenna array, a code word with the maximum gain of a receiving end is selected from the code words according to the feedback of the user end, and the code word is used as the optimal transmitting or receiving coefficient of the antenna array. The user end only needs to feed back the corresponding information in sequence, the requirement for the feedback time delay is slightly low, the error code of the feedback information has a certain fault tolerance, the time complexity is relatively low compared with the exhaustive search method, the performance is good, the outdoor channel changing rapidly can be well responded, the robustness to the channel fluctuation is higher, and the overall power gain is improved. Moreover, under the condition that the user end position is known, the transmitting or receiving coefficient of the antenna array can be directly determined.

The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling sound divergence in three-dimensional sound rendering. According to the method, an original audio object is divided into a plurality of virtual audio objects, and the number Vn of the virtual audio objects, the offset distance (azimuth angle alpha r) of the virtual audio objects and the original object, the power gain ratio and other parameters are configured. The invention provides a set of gain calculation method, which ensures that the signal distribution among the virtual objects does not cause the generation of image displacement from the position of the original object, and the total power conservation of the original object and all virtual phantom objects is kept. And finally, mixing and outputting the three-dimensional sound signal with the divergence effect. According to the invention, divergence and diffusion phenomena of sound in an actual environment can be simulated, the sense of reality, layering sense and space expressive force of a three-dimensional sound field are remarkably enhanced, the auditory experience of a user is improved, and the method is widely applicable to various application scenes such as VR / AR, immersive entertainment and cinema systems.

The application belongs to the technical field of array antennas, and particularly relates to an array antenna wide-beam gain optimization method. The application directly takes the power gain expression of the array antenna as a constraint object, and further reduces the sidelobe level under the condition of the same main lobe gain by optimizing and weighting the array element factor. The application has the beneficial effect that the application directly takes the power gain expression of the array antenna as a constraint object, and optimizes the array element excitation by an alternating iteration method, so that the sidelobe level of the array antenna is greatly reduced under the premise of obtaining the same wide main lobe gain compared with the traditional SBPS method which takes the antenna directional diagram expression as a constraint object.

The invention discloses a germanium-silicon heterojunction bipolar transistor and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of semiconductors. According to the germanium-silicon heterojunction bipolar transistor and the preparation method thereof, the second opening (the emitter region opening) is aligned with the epitaxial collector region which is formed in the first opening and is used as the intrinsic collector region in the vertical direction, so that the epitaxial collector region is aligned with the epitaxial collector region in the vertical direction; according to the invention, minority carriers injected from a single crystal emitter region can pass through a germanium-silicon epitaxial inner base region to reach an epitaxial collector region to be efficiently collected so as to maintain normal and good basic device functions; the area of an epitaxial collector region surrounded by a first isolation silicon nitride layer (a base region-collector region isolation silicon nitride layer) is effectively reduced to the maximum extent to ensure related parasitic capacitance, especially the minimization of parasitic base region-collector region capacitance; therefore, the performance indexes of the germanium-silicon heterojunction bipolar transistor, such as radio frequency power gain, the highest oscillation frequency and the noise coefficient, can be optimized.

An antenna arrangement technique is described that includes an array of antenna devices that transmit or receive electromagnetic waves; a lens in front of the array, where the lens transmits, reflects, or refracts at least some of the electromagnetic waves; and a set of amplifiers electrically coupled to the array of antenna devices, where each amplifier in the set of amplifiers is electrically coupled to at least one antenna device in the array of antenna devices, and where power gains of at least two signal paths formed by the electrical coupling between at least two antenna devices and at least two different amplifiers are not equal.

The application relates to the technical field of coding switch signal transmission, and discloses a coding switch signal transmission method and system based on narrowband Internet of Things, which comprises the following steps: acquiring wireless channel original data containing signal strength and noise interference, and obtaining a channel quality score through weighted fusion; if the score is lower than a preset threshold, interference analysis is performed on the noise interference data to obtain a channel state parameter and a quality decline duration; channel risk assessment is completed in combination with historical reference data to obtain a deterioration risk value and adaptively generate an adaptive adjustment coefficient; when the influence of device load on transmission exceeds a preset condition, a preliminary power is corrected in combination with a power gain value and the adjustment coefficient; if the preliminary power exceeds an upper limit of resource constraints, a final transmission power is obtained by being lowered according to transmission characteristic parameters, data packets are transmitted according to the final transmission power, feedback is collected, and a transmission state result is obtained. The method can realize high-reliability transmission of coding switch signals in a complex environment and greatly improve the communication stability of narrowband Internet of Things.

A gate ground (GTD) cell utilizing a backside power delivery scheme is disclosed in which metal lines that deliver power are disposed on the backside of a wafer. Thus, an ultra-low height standard cell may be implemented. And relatively high area miniaturization can be realized. In addition, performance and power gain may be maximized.

The invention discloses an LNA (low noise amplifier) with high gain flatness and multi-band adjustment for aerospace information acquisition. Comprising a first low-noise amplification module, a first radio frequency switch, a first filtering module, a second radio frequency switch, a first adjustable attenuation module, a second low-noise amplification module, a second adjustable attenuation module, a third low-noise amplification module, a third radio frequency switch, a second filtering module and a fourth radio frequency switch which are connected in sequence. Each of the first filtering module and the second filtering module comprises a plurality of signal paths with different frequency response characteristics; a signal path of the first filtering module comprises an equalizer and a band-pass filter, and a signal path of the second filtering module comprises a band-pass filter; and the first radio frequency switch, the second radio frequency switch, the third radio frequency switch and the fourth radio frequency switch are used for selecting signal paths, so that the technical problems that in the prior art, extremely low noise and high and flat power gain are difficult to maintain in a wide frequency band, and switching in different frequency bands cannot be flexible are solved.

The application discloses a kind of switch loss optimization control method and system of energy storage DC converter. Including: first, the voltage / current of battery side and bus side of energy storage DC converter is obtained;Then, the voltage ratio of energy storage DC converter two sides is obtained according to battery side voltage and bus side voltage;Then, control power is obtained according to battery side voltage / current and bus side voltage / current;Then, the working mode of double active bridge circuit is determined using the control power of energy storage DC converter;Finally, according to the working mode of double active bridge circuit, the actual power size of double active bridge circuit is adjusted, and the switch loss optimization of energy storage DC converter is completed.When the battery side voltage, bus side voltage and load power of the circuit change, the control power of the controller of the application can continuously change, smooth transition between each working mode is realized, and the output signal and power gain are basically linear, which can improve the dynamic response speed.

The application discloses a local strain silicon LDMOS device and a manufacturing method thereof. The LDMOS device comprises a body region of a first conductive type and a drift region of a second conductive type, a source region of the second conductive type is formed in the body region, a drain region of the second conductive type is formed in the drift region, and a strain region distributed along a source-drain direction is further formed in the interior of the drift region, which can at least generate stress on the drift region and improve the carrier mobility of the drift region. The local strain silicon LDMOS device has higher radio frequency output power, gain, efficiency and working frequency.

This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a dynamic bias circuit for improving the DEVM (Digital Source Bipolar Transmission). Utilizing the high density of BiCMOS, a reference voltage VREF that varies with the junction temperature of the high-voltage transformer (HBT) is provided to the output stage dynamic bias circuit. When the amplifier operates in long data packet transmission mode, the HBT junction temperature increases, and the amplifier's power gain begins to decrease. The voltage source bias circuit PTAT detects the temperature rise, and the reference voltage VREF increases to compensate for the gain decrease. The gain remains stable throughout the long data packet transmission, thereby optimizing the DEVM's performance.