Regional photovoltaic construction scheme planning method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a regional photovoltaic construction scheme planning method and system.The planning method comprises the steps that a regional photovoltaic system output power calculation model considering shielding between a parapet wall and photovoltaic panels and mutual shielding between the photovoltaic panels is constructed, and a regional photovoltaic construction scheme planning model is constructed through the calculation model; furthermore, an accurate regional photovoltaic construction scheme planning scheme can be obtained, a developer is guided to reasonably arrange the photovoltaic, blind investment is avoided, the willingness of a user to develop the photovoltaic is enhanced, the photovoltaic utilization rate and the rate of return on investment are improved, and the development of the photovoltaic industry is further promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan. Background Art

[0002] The photovoltaic industry is an important development direction of global energy technology and industry, and is a sunrise industry with huge development potential. In this context, in order to further promote the development of the photovoltaic industry, guide developers to rationally plan photovoltaics and avoid blind investment, it is necessary to accurately plan regional photovoltaic construction plans and maximize the economic development potential of regional photovoltaics, thereby improving photovoltaic utilization and investment returns, and enhancing users' willingness to develop photovoltaics.

[0003] In terms of the evaluation of rooftop usable area and solar irradiance, a study divided cities into 16 types based on urban planning data such as land use, population and building density, using a stratified sampling method, and calculated the rooftop usable area of ​​the region according to the per capita usable area and population of different city types. A study proposed a method for calculating the amount of solar radiation received by a slope in a certain area based on the calculation method of rooftop usable area. A study analyzed the calculation method of solar radiation at different orientations of vertical walls. A study constructed a regional solar energy development potential evaluation model based on meteorological resource analysis, and evaluated solar energy resources using Tianjin as a case study.

[0004] In terms of the impact of photovoltaic panel arrangement and building layout on the development potential of photovoltaic technology, some studies have comprehensively considered large and small buildings, and evaluated the photovoltaic capacity of Leeds, UK at the urban scale based on low-precision LiDAR data, and obtained good results. Some studies have divided residential buildings in Slovenia into independent layouts, plate layouts, peripheral layouts, etc., and selected actual cases according to different types to analyze the impact of building density, building orientation and building layout on solar radiation and sunshine hours. Some studies used Ecotect software to analyze the impact of urban density, building area, volume ratio and orientation on photovoltaic development potential and found that the above factors can affect the development potential of distributed photovoltaics by 10%-75%. Some studies have analyzed the different spatial components of buildings, explored the spatial distribution law and development potential of suitable spaces for photovoltaic utilization based on empirical results, and established a layout planning strategy for efficient utilization of photovoltaic facilities in buildings.

[0005] In the area of ​​regional distributed photovoltaic technology development potential assessment, a study extracted 10 samples from 109 survey areas to calculate the relationship between population and roof area, and on this basis estimated the potential energy and energy output of rooftop photovoltaic power generation. A study obtained the total roof area of ​​the building, as well as the use, location, and height of the land based on the building-related information of the Spanish land registration department, classified the land, and further estimated the solar photovoltaic potential, greatly improving the accuracy of the estimate. A study analyzed the factors affecting the photovoltaic development potential in different regions of Hebei Province from four aspects: solar energy resource supply, available land resource supply, regional climate, and regional electricity demand, and established an evaluation index system and evaluation model for regional differences in photovoltaic power generation.

[0006] Research has been conducted on the economic evaluation of photovoltaic development. A study used the internal rate of return to analyze the profitability of photovoltaic power generation and consumption under the new Spanish regulations. A study used the net present value and internal rate of return to evaluate the profitability of Ghana's power generation and consumption. A study constructed a photovoltaic power generation economic benefit evaluation model that comprehensively considers factors such as fixed investment, operation and maintenance costs, power output and income of photovoltaic projects. A study proposed a photovoltaic power generation economic benefit evaluation model based on the material source extension model. Based on the economic benefits of different operating modes of distributed photovoltaic power generation, a study proposed that the optimal mode for residents and industrial and commercial users in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to install distributed photovoltaic power generation is "self-generation and self-use, and the surplus is connected to the grid". As the proportion of self-use by users increases, the economic benefits of the project will increase.

[0007] However, the above scheme does not fully consider the impact of shading between parapet and photovoltaic panels and mutual shading between photovoltaic panels on photovoltaic output. Therefore, the above scheme is not accurate enough for the research on regional photovoltaic construction and development.

[0008] Therefore, how to propose a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning method and system to take into account the impact of shading between parapets and photovoltaic panels and mutual shading between photovoltaic panels on photovoltaic output is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning method and system.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan, comprising:

[0012] Based on the nonlinear coupling relationship between the photovoltaic panel arrangement angle, photovoltaic panel arrangement spacing, and photovoltaic panel equivalent output coefficient, a calculation model for the output power of the regional photovoltaic system is constructed, which takes into account the shading between the parapet and the photovoltaic panels and the mutual shading between the photovoltaic panels.

[0013] Based on the calculation model of the output power of the regional photovoltaic system, a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is constructed that comprehensively considers the capacity increase cost of the distribution side equipment and the user photovoltaic development benefits. The decision variables of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model are the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction and the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels, the capacity increase capacity of the distribution line, and the capacity increase capacity of the distribution transformer;

[0014] The constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is solved to obtain the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning scheme.

[0015] Furthermore, the expression of the calculation model of the regional photovoltaic system output power is:

[0016] P pv,t =μ 1,t *v*I rr,t *P mpp *F T +μ 2,t *(u-1)*v*I rr,t *P mpp *F T

[0017] Where P pv,t is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; v is the number of photovoltaic panels installed in the east-west direction; u is the number of photovoltaic panels installed in the north-south direction; μ 1,t is the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel area under the shade of the parapet; μ 2,t I is the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel area when the photovoltaic panels are mutually shaded; rr,t is the temporal variation of solar irradiance; P mpp At 25 degrees Celsius, the irradiance is 1kW / m 2 The base value of the photovoltaic array output power at T is the output power factor.

[0018] Furthermore, the effective utilization rate μ of the photovoltaic panel area under the shielding of the parapet 1,t And the effective utilization rate μ of the photovoltaic panel area when the photovoltaic panels are mutually blocked 2,t The expression is as follows:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Among them, sinβ=sinδsinΦ+cosδcosΦcosy

[0022]

[0023] Where, d1 is the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction; d2 is the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the north-south direction; h is the height of the parapet; L is the width of the photovoltaic panel; α is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; β is the solar altitude angle, [] - is the min function; δ is the solar declination angle on the mth day of the year; Φ is the local latitude; y is the solar hour angle.

[0024] Furthermore, the objective function of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is:

[0025] min(C user ,C grid )

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, C user The total comprehensive cost of developing photovoltaic power for regional users; among which, C buy,x is the electricity purchase cost of each individual user; C sell,x The photovoltaic grid-connected income of each single user; C in,x is the photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance cost of each single user; C grid is the total investment cost of expanding the capacity of grid-side equipment; c line,j The unit equivalent cost of increasing the capacity of each distribution line; c dis,k is the unit equivalent cost of increasing the capacity of each distribution transformer; w line,j Increase the capacity of each distribution line; dis,k is the capacity increase of each distribution transformer; min(*), *, represents the minimum value operation;

[0029] The photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance costs of a single user are

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, c ini,x is the annual value of the unit capacity investment cost of rooftop photovoltaic power generation for each single user; c rep,x is the annual operation and maintenance cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic power; Build capacity for rooftop photovoltaics for each individual user;

[0032]

[0033] Where i is the social discount rate; n is the service life of rooftop photovoltaics; C ini,x is the total investment cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic power;

[0034] S x pv =u x vx P mpp,x

[0035] In the formula, u x v is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the north-south direction for each single user; x P is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the east-west direction for each single user; mpp，x The output power benchmark value of the photovoltaic array installed for each individual user;

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, c sell,t is the on-grid electricity price at time t; c buy,x,t is the electricity purchase price of each single user at time t; c save,x The power grid provides preferential electricity prices to individual users; load,x,t P is the power consumption of the user at time t; pv,x,t is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; T is the time period; [] + is the max function;

[0039] P load,x,t =η load,x,t P load,x

[0040] Where η load,x,t is the per unit value of user load at time t, P load,x For load scale.

[0041] Furthermore, the constraints of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model include roof area constraints and roof load-bearing constraints as well as total capacity constraints after the distribution transformer and distribution line capacity increase;

[0042] Wherein, the roof area constraint is:

[0043] d1+(u-1)d2+Lcosα≤D

[0044] Av+(v-1)d3+2d4≤B

[0045] In the formula, u is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the north-south direction; L is the width of the photovoltaic panel; α is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; D is the north-south width of the building where the photovoltaic is constructed; A is the length of the photovoltaic panel; v is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the east-west direction; d3 is the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the east-west direction; d4 is the distance between the parapet and the photovoltaic panel in the east-west direction; B is the east-west length of the building where the photovoltaic is constructed.

[0046] The roof load-bearing constraints are:

[0047] uvM≤W sum

[0048] Where, M is the mass of a single set of photovoltaic panels; W sum The maximum mass that the roof can bear;

[0049] The total capacity constraint after the distribution transformer and distribution line capacity increase is:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, w line,j 、w dis,k The newly added capacity of each distribution line and distribution transformer respectively; W line,j , W dis,k are the original capacities of each distribution transformer and distribution line respectively; P load,x,t , P dis,x,t It is the net load of all individual buildings within the power supply range of each distribution transformer and distribution line at time t; T is the time period.

[0053] Furthermore, the specific method of solving the constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan model to obtain the regional photovoltaic construction plan includes:

[0054] First, input the boundary condition data of the regional photovoltaic construction program planning model, which includes the distribution side boundary conditions composed of the capacity of distribution transformers and distribution lines, the ownership relationship between each single building and the distribution transformer and distribution lines, the price parameters composed of photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance costs, photovoltaic grid-connected electricity prices, user electricity purchase prices, and distribution equipment prices, the load boundary conditions composed of user load characteristics and load scale, and the technical resource parameters composed of local latitude and solar irradiance, photovoltaic panel electrical parameters and mechanical parameters, roof area and load-bearing capacity;

[0055] Secondly, determine the decision variables, objective functions and constraints in the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model;

[0056] Then, the multi-objective optimization is performed using the ε-constraint, and the ε value is set for the total investment cost of the grid-side equipment expansion. The minimum comprehensive cost of regional users under different total investment costs, as well as the photovoltaic economic construction capacity of each single building and the new capacity of each distribution transformer and distribution line are solved.

[0057] Finally, the optimal values ​​of the decision variables are output, and the optimization curve with the minimum comprehensive cost of photovoltaic development for regional users and the minimum investment cost for the power grid is obtained.

[0058] Furthermore, the minimum comprehensive cost of regional users under different total investment costs, as well as the photovoltaic economic construction capacity of each single building and the newly added capacity of each distribution transformer and distribution line are solved by calling the cplex module in MATLAB and using the yalmip solve command.

[0059] A regional photovoltaic construction plan planning system includes a calculation model building module, a planning model building module and a solution module;

[0060] The calculation model building module is used to build a calculation model for the output power of the regional photovoltaic system taking into account the shielding between the parapet and the photovoltaic panels and the mutual shielding between the photovoltaic panels based on the nonlinear coupling relationship between the photovoltaic panel arrangement inclination angle, the photovoltaic panel arrangement spacing, and the photovoltaic panel equivalent output coefficient;

[0061] The planning model building module is used to build a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model that comprehensively considers the capacity increase cost of distribution-side equipment and the user photovoltaic development benefits based on the calculation model of the regional photovoltaic system output power. The decision variables of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model are the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction and the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels;

[0062] The solution module is used to solve the constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model to obtain a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning solution.

[0063] An electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute any of the methods described above.

[0064] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program implements the steps of any of the above methods when executed by a processor.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] The present invention proposes a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning method and system. The planning method constructs a calculation model for the output power of a regional photovoltaic system that takes into account the shading between a parapet and a photovoltaic panel and the mutual shading between photovoltaic panels. A regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is constructed through the calculation model, and an accurate regional photovoltaic construction plan planning scheme can be further obtained to guide developers to rationally layout photovoltaics, avoid blind investment, enhance users' willingness to develop photovoltaics, improve photovoltaic utilization and investment return rate, and further promote the development of the photovoltaic industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan in an embodiment;

[0068] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of photovoltaic panels in the embodiment;

[0069] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the shielding condition of the photovoltaic panel in the embodiment;

[0070] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the IEEE33 node power distribution system in the embodiment;

[0071] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the effective utilization rate of the first row of photovoltaic panels and the distance between the photovoltaic panels on the parapet in the embodiment;

[0072] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the effective utilization rate of non-first-row photovoltaic panels and the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the embodiment;

[0073] Figure 7 It is a Pareto frontier curve diagram of the power grid investment cost and the user's comprehensive cost in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0075] Embodiment 1:

[0076] A regional photovoltaic construction plan planning method of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0077] S1. Based on the nonlinear coupling relationship between the photovoltaic panel arrangement inclination angle, photovoltaic panel arrangement spacing, and photovoltaic panel equivalent output coefficient, a calculation model for the output power of the regional photovoltaic system considering the shading between the parapet and the photovoltaic panel and the mutual shading between the photovoltaic panels is constructed;

[0078] S2. Based on the calculation model of the regional photovoltaic system output power, a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is constructed that comprehensively considers the equipment capacity increase cost on the distribution side and the photovoltaic development benefits of users. The decision variables of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model are the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction and the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels, the capacity increase of the distribution line, and the capacity increase of the distribution transformer;

[0079] S3. Solve the constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model to obtain a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning scheme.

[0080] Embodiment 2:

[0081] This embodiment is further designed on the basis of the first embodiment in that the photovoltaic panels are arranged as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the calculation model of the regional photovoltaic system output power is expressed as:

[0082] P pv,t =μ 1,t *v*I rr,t *P mpp *F T +μ 2,t *(u-1)*v*I rr,t *P mpp *F T

[0083] Where P pv,t is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; v is the number of photovoltaic panels installed in the east-west direction; u is the number of photovoltaic panels installed in the north-south direction; μ 1,t is the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel area under the shade of the parapet; μ 2,t I is the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel area when the photovoltaic panels are mutually shaded; rr,t is the temporal variation of solar irradiance; P mpp At 25 degrees Celsius, the irradiance is 1kW / m 2 The base value of the photovoltaic array output power at T is the output power coefficient, when the temperature is defined as P mpp When the temperature is T =1.

[0084] Embodiment three:

[0085] This embodiment is further designed on the basis of the first embodiment in that the shading condition of the photovoltaic panel in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in Figure 2, the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel area under the shading of the parapet is μ 1,t And the effective utilization rate μ of the photovoltaic panel area when the photovoltaic panels are mutually blocked 2,t The expression is as follows:

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Among them, sinβ=sinδsinΦ+cosδcosΦcosy

[0089]

[0090] Where, d1 is the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction; d2 is the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the north-south direction; h is the height of the parapet; L is the width of the photovoltaic panel; α is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; β is the solar altitude angle, [] - is the min function, which is used to find the minimum value between the two; δ is the solar declination angle of the mth day in a year: Φ is the local latitude; y is the solar hour angle, the sun is 0° at noon, and the sun travels 15° of longitude for 1 hour, which is negative in the morning and positive in the afternoon.

[0091] Embodiment 4:

[0092] This embodiment is further designed on the basis of the third embodiment in that the objective function of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model in this embodiment is:

[0093] min(C user ,C grid )

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, C user The total comprehensive cost of developing photovoltaic power for regional users; among which, C buy,x is the electricity purchase cost of each individual user; C sell,x The photovoltaic grid-connected income of each single user; C in,x is the photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance cost of each single user; C grid is the total investment cost of expanding the capacity of grid-side equipment; c line,j The unit equivalent cost of increasing the capacity of each distribution line; c dis,k is the unit equivalent cost of increasing the capacity of each distribution transformer; w line,j Increase the capacity of each distribution line; dis,k is the capacity increase of each distribution transformer; min(*), *, represents the minimum value operation;

[0097] For the user-independent investment model, the photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance costs of a single user are

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, c ini,x is the annual value of the unit capacity investment cost of rooftop photovoltaic power generation for each single user; c rep,x is the annual operation and maintenance cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic power; S x pv Build capacity for rooftop photovoltaics for each individual user;

[0100]

[0101] Where i is the social discount rate; n is the service life of rooftop photovoltaics; C ini,x is the total investment cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic power;

[0102] S x pv =u x v x P mpp,x

[0103] In the formula, u x v is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the north-south direction for each single user; x P is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the east-west direction for each single user; mpp，x The output power reference value of the photovoltaic array installed by each single user; mpp，x The value of is fixed, so the optimization of the economic construction capacity of each single photovoltaic unit in the present invention is to optimize the number of photovoltaic panels installed u x 、v x Optimization.

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, c sell,t is the on-grid electricity price at time t; c buy,x,t is the electricity purchase price of each single user at time t; c save,x The power grid provides preferential electricity prices to individual users; load,x,t P is the power consumption of the user at time t; pv,x,t is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; T is the time period; [] + is the max function, which is used to find the maximum value between the two;

[0107] P load,x,t =η load,x,t P load,x

[0108] Where η load,x,t is the per unit value of user load at time t, P load,x For load scale.

[0109] Embodiment five:

[0110] This embodiment is further designed on the basis of the fourth embodiment in that the constraint conditions of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model in this embodiment include the constraints brought by the development potential of distributed photovoltaic technology, specifically the roof area constraint and the roof load-bearing constraint and the total capacity constraint after the distribution transformer and distribution line capacity increase;

[0111] The roof area constraint is:

[0112] The roof area and its load-bearing capacity, the arrangement spacing of the photovoltaic panels and the installation angle jointly determine the number of photovoltaic panels installed.

[0113] d1+(u-1)d2+Lcosα≤D

[0114] Av+(v-1)d3+2d4≤B

[0115] In the formula, u is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the north-south direction; L is the width of the photovoltaic panel; α is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; D is the north-south width of the building where the photovoltaic is constructed; A is the length of the photovoltaic panel; v is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the east-west direction; d3 is the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the east-west direction; d4 is the distance between the parapet and the photovoltaic panel in the east-west direction; B is the east-west length of the building where the photovoltaic is constructed.

[0116] The roof load-bearing constraints are:

[0117] uvM≤W sum

[0118] Where, M is the mass of a single set of photovoltaic panels; W sum The maximum mass that the roof can bear;

[0119] The total capacity constraint after the distribution transformer and distribution line capacity increase is:

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] In the formula, w line,j 、w dis,k The newly added capacity of each distribution line and distribution transformer respectively; W line,j , W dis,k are the original capacities of each distribution transformer and distribution line respectively; P load,x,t , P dis,x,t It is the net load of all individual buildings within the power supply range of each distribution transformer and distribution line at time t; T is the time period.

[0123] Embodiment six:

[0124] This embodiment is further designed on the basis of the fifth embodiment in that the constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is solved in this embodiment, and the specific method for obtaining the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning scheme includes:

[0125] First, input the boundary condition data of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model. The boundary condition data include the distribution side boundary conditions composed of the capacity of distribution transformers and distribution lines, the ownership relationship between each single building and the distribution transformers and distribution lines, the price parameters composed of photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance costs, photovoltaic grid-connected electricity prices, user electricity purchase prices, and distribution equipment prices, the load boundary conditions composed of user load characteristics and load scale, and the technical resource parameters composed of local latitude and solar irradiance, photovoltaic panel electrical parameters and mechanical parameters, roof area and load-bearing capacity;

[0126] Secondly, the decision variables, objective functions and constraints in the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model are determined;

[0127] Then, the multi-objective optimization is performed using the ε-constraint, and the ε value is set for the total investment cost of the grid-side equipment expansion. The minimum comprehensive cost of regional users under different total investment costs, as well as the photovoltaic economic construction capacity of each single building and the new capacity of each distribution transformer and distribution line are solved.

[0128] Finally, the optimal values ​​of the decision variables are output, and the optimization curve with the minimum comprehensive cost of photovoltaic development for regional users and the minimum investment cost for the power grid is obtained.

[0129] Embodiment seven:

[0130] This embodiment is further designed on the basis of the sixth embodiment in that the minimum comprehensive cost of regional users under different total investment costs, as well as the photovoltaic economic construction capacity of each single building and the newly added capacity of each distribution transformer and distribution line are solved by calling the cplex module in MATLAB and using the yalmip solve command.

[0131] Embodiment eight:

[0132] A regional photovoltaic construction plan planning system of the present invention includes a calculation model building module, a planning model building module and a solution module;

[0133] The calculation model building module is used to build a calculation model for the output power of the regional photovoltaic system that takes into account the shading between the parapet and the photovoltaic panels and the mutual shading between the photovoltaic panels based on the nonlinear coupling relationship between the photovoltaic panel arrangement inclination angle, the photovoltaic panel arrangement spacing, and the photovoltaic panel equivalent output coefficient;

[0134] The planning model building module is used to build a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model based on the calculation model of the regional photovoltaic system output power, which comprehensively considers the equipment capacity increase cost on the distribution side and the photovoltaic development benefits of users. The decision variables of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model are the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction and the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels;

[0135] The solution module is used to solve the constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model to obtain the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning scheme.

[0136] Embodiment nine:

[0137] An electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute any of the methods described above.

[0138] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any of the above methods are implemented.

[0139] Application examples:

[0140] This example uses the IEEE33 node power distribution system as the structural framework to simulate and implement the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning method of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the IEEE 33-node distribution system consists of 33 nodes and 37 branches. For the 32 nodes except node 0, photovoltaics are installed, the load is set to 200kW residential load, the distribution transformer capacity is set to 200kW, the distribution lines are all YJV3*300, the line unit equivalent cost is 12 yuan / kW, and the distribution transformer unit equivalent cost is 40 yuan / kW.

[0141] This example first analyzes the impact of the photovoltaic panel arrangement on its effective utilization rate. The height of the parapet, the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, the distance between the parapet and the photovoltaic panel, and the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels will all affect the shading of the photovoltaic panel, thereby affecting the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel. When the parapet height is set to 1m and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel is fixed, for a single building, the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel under different distances between the parapet and the photovoltaic panel and different distances between adjacent photovoltaic panels is as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown.

[0142] It can be seen that within a day, the effective utilization rate of photovoltaic panels increases first and then decreases with the movement of the sun and the change of time, and reaches the maximum value at about 12 o'clock every day. When the maximum value is 1, the effective utilization rate of photovoltaic panels is 100%, and the photovoltaic panels are not blocked. The effective utilization rate of photovoltaic panels is significantly affected by the spacing and season. When the spacing between adjacent panels is 1.2m, there are only short unblocked moments in spring and summer. When the spacing between the parapet and the photovoltaic panel or the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels increases, the effective utilization rate of all photovoltaic panels increases. When the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels is 1.8m, there is no blocking from 8:00 to 17:00 in spring and summer, and the unblocked time in autumn is reduced to 9:00-16:00, while the effective utilization rate of photovoltaic panels is 100% only within the five hours from 10:00 to 15:00 in winter. However, the effect of increasing the effective utilization rate of photovoltaic panels gradually decreases with the increase of spacing, and when the spacing increases to a certain extent, for example, from 1.8m to 2.1m, the effect of increasing the effective utilization rate of photovoltaic panels is no longer obvious.

[0143] Using the ε-constrained optimization method, the scale of grid investment is continuously changed to obtain different user comprehensive cost optimization results, and the Pareto frontier curve of grid investment cost and user comprehensive cost is drawn, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0144] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that the two goals of minimizing the comprehensive cost of regional users and minimizing the investment cost of the power grid show a negative correlation. Within the scope of photovoltaic economic construction capacity, when the photovoltaic economic construction capacity increases, the comprehensive cost of regional users decreases, but the size of the photovoltaic economic construction capacity is limited by the capacity of distribution transformers and distribution lines. When the power grid investment increases the capacity of distribution transformers and distribution lines, the user's photovoltaic economic construction capacity increases; when the photovoltaic built by each user can reach the optimal economic construction capacity, the user's comprehensive cost reaches the lowest, and the increase in distribution transformers and distribution lines brought by the power grid investment no longer affects the user's photovoltaic economic construction capacity, and the user's comprehensive cost no longer decreases.

[0145] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan, characterized in that: include: Based on the nonlinear coupling relationship between the photovoltaic panel arrangement angle, photovoltaic panel arrangement spacing, and photovoltaic panel equivalent output coefficient, a calculation model for the output power of the regional photovoltaic system is constructed, which takes into account the shading between the parapet and the photovoltaic panels and the mutual shading between the photovoltaic panels. Based on the calculation model of the output power of the regional photovoltaic system, a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is constructed that comprehensively considers the capacity increase cost of the distribution side equipment and the user photovoltaic development benefits. The decision variables of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model are the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction and the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels, the capacity increase capacity of the distribution line, and the capacity increase capacity of the distribution transformer; The constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is solved to obtain the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning scheme.

2. The method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression of the calculation model of the regional photovoltaic system output power is: P pv,t =μ 1,t *v*I rr,t *P mpp *F T +μ 2,t *(u-1)*v*I rr,t *P mpp *F T Where P pv,t is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; v is the number of photovoltaic panels installed in the east-west direction; u is the number of photovoltaic panels installed in the north-south direction; μ 1,t is the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel area under the shade of the parapet; μ 2,t I is the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel area when the photovoltaic panels are mutually shaded; rr,t is the temporal variation of solar irradiance; P mpp At 25 degrees Celsius, the irradiance is 1kW / m 2 The base value of the photovoltaic array output power at this time; F T is the output power factor.

3. The method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The effective utilization rate μ of the photovoltaic panel area under the shading of the parapet 1,t And the effective utilization rate μ of the photovoltaic panel area when the photovoltaic panels are mutually blocked 2,t The expression is as follows: Among them, sinβ=sinδsinΦ+cosδcosΦcosy Where, d1 is the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction; d2 is the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the north-south direction; h is the height of the parapet; L is the width of the photovoltaic panel; α is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; β is the solar altitude angle, [] - is the min function; δ is the solar declination angle on the mth day of the year; Φ is the local latitude; y is the solar hour angle.

4. The method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan according to claim 3, characterized in that: The objective function of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model is: min(C user ,C grid ) In the formula, C user The total comprehensive cost of developing photovoltaic power for regional users; among which, C buy,x is the electricity purchase cost of each individual user; C sell,x The photovoltaic grid-connected income of each individual user; C in,x is the photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance cost of each single user; C grid is the total investment cost of expanding the capacity of grid-side equipment; c line,j The unit equivalent cost of increasing the capacity of each distribution line; c dis,k is the unit equivalent cost of increasing the capacity of each distribution transformer; w line,j Increase the capacity of each distribution line; dis,k is the capacity increase of each distribution transformer; min(*), *, represents the minimum value operation; The photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance costs of a single user are In the formula, c ini,x is the annual value of the unit capacity investment cost of rooftop photovoltaic power generation for each single user; c rep,x is the annual operation and maintenance cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic power; Build capacity for rooftop photovoltaics for each individual user; Where i is the social discount rate; n is the service life of rooftop photovoltaics; C ini,x is the total investment cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic power; S x pv =u x v x P mpp,x In the formula, u x v is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the north-south direction for each single user; x P is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the east-west direction for each single user; mpp，x The output power benchmark value of the photovoltaic array installed for each individual user; In the formula, c sell,t is the on-grid electricity price at time t; c buy,x,t is the electricity purchase price of each single user at time t; c save,x The power grid provides preferential electricity prices to individual users; load,x,t P is the power consumption of the user at time t; pv,x,t is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; T is the time period; [] + is the max function; P.S load,x,t Hη load,x,t P.S load,x Where η load,x,t is the per unit value of user load at time t, P load,x For load scale.

5. The method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constraints of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model include roof area constraints, roof load-bearing constraints, and total capacity constraints after the distribution transformer and distribution line capacity increase; Wherein, the roof area constraint is: d1+(u-1)d2+Lcosα≤D Av+(v-1)d3+2d4≤B In the formula, u is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the north-south direction; L is the width of the photovoltaic panel; α is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; D is the north-south width of the building where the photovoltaic is constructed; A is the length of the photovoltaic panel; v is the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in the east-west direction; d3 is the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the east-west direction; d4 is the distance between the parapet and the photovoltaic panel in the east-west direction; B is the east-west length of the building where the photovoltaic is constructed; The roof load-bearing constraints are: uvM≤W sum Where, M is the mass of a single set of photovoltaic panels; W sum The maximum mass that the roof can bear; The total capacity constraint after the distribution transformer and distribution line capacity increase is: In the formula, w line,j 、w dis,k The newly added capacity of each distribution line and distribution transformer respectively; W line,j , W dis,k are the original capacities of each distribution transformer and distribution line respectively; P load,x,t , P dis,x,t It is the net load of all individual buildings within the power supply range of each distribution transformer and distribution line at time t; T is the time period.

6. The method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific method of solving the constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan model to obtain the regional photovoltaic construction plan includes: First, input the boundary condition data of the regional photovoltaic construction program planning model, which includes the distribution side boundary conditions composed of the capacity of distribution transformers and distribution lines, the ownership relationship between each single building and the distribution transformer and distribution lines, the price parameters composed of photovoltaic investment and operation and maintenance costs, photovoltaic grid-connected electricity prices, user electricity purchase prices, and distribution equipment prices, the load boundary conditions composed of user load characteristics and load scale, and the technical resource parameters composed of local latitude and solar irradiance, photovoltaic panel electrical parameters and mechanical parameters, roof area and load-bearing capacity; Secondly, determine the decision variables, objective functions and constraints in the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model; Then, the multi-objective optimization is performed using the ε-constraint, and the ε value is set for the total investment cost of the grid-side equipment expansion. The minimum comprehensive cost of regional users under different total investment costs, as well as the photovoltaic economic construction capacity of each single building and the new capacity of each distribution transformer and distribution line are solved. Finally, the optimal values ​​of the decision variables are output, and the optimization curve with the minimum comprehensive cost of photovoltaic development for regional users and the minimum investment cost for the power grid is obtained.

7. The method for planning a regional photovoltaic construction plan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum comprehensive cost for regional users under different total investment costs, as well as the photovoltaic economic construction capacity of each single building and the newly added capacity of each distribution transformer and distribution line are solved by calling the cplex module in MATLAB and using the yalmip solve command.

8. A regional photovoltaic construction plan planning system, characterized in that: It includes a computational model building module, a planning model building module and a solution module; The calculation model building module is used to build a calculation model for the output power of the regional photovoltaic system taking into account the shielding between the parapet and the photovoltaic panels and the mutual shielding between the photovoltaic panels based on the nonlinear coupling relationship between the photovoltaic panel arrangement inclination angle, the photovoltaic panel arrangement spacing, and the photovoltaic panel equivalent output coefficient; The planning model building module is used to build a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model that comprehensively considers the capacity increase cost of distribution-side equipment and the user photovoltaic development benefits based on the calculation model of the regional photovoltaic system output power. The decision variables of the regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model are the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the parapet in the north-south direction and the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panels; The solution module is used to solve the constructed regional photovoltaic construction plan planning model to obtain a regional photovoltaic construction plan planning solution.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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