Method for planning and layout of hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions

Abstract

A method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions belongs to the field of data analysis and processing. The planning and arranging method includes the following steps: referring to the distribution of existing hydrological rainfall radars, combining the information data of existing hydrological stations and the positions of radars that have been built or are under construction, determining multiple planning points on an electronic map through a division formula to cover important river basins and station networks and facilitate the comparative analysis of rainfall; checking the actual position conditions of the planning points, combining the positions of surrounding sensitive areas, excluding positions with poor geological conditions, and connecting multiple planning points in sequence according to altitude changes to form a target planning area; determining the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall radar within the target planning area in combination with multiple factor conditions, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall radar through an iterative operation function; referring to national land map data or natural resource map data, excluding cultivated land, state-owned forest land, and ecological red line areas to determine the position of the hydrological rainfall radar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for planning and arranging a water conservancy rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions. Background Art

[0002] A water conservancy rainfall radar is a main tool for monitoring and warning severe convective weather. Its working principle is to emit a series of pulsed electromagnetic waves and utilize the scattering and absorption of electromagnetic waves by precipitation particles to detect the spatial distribution and vertical structure of precipitation.

[0003] In order to obtain accurate rainfall monitoring information, it is necessary to plan and arrange the selection of the site of the water conservancy rainfall radar; generally, when selecting the site of the water conservancy rainfall radar, the main detection coverage area to be arranged should be considered, there should be no tall buildings, tall trees and other obstacles near the site, and at the same time, the radar layout should meet the requirements of the water conservancy rainfall radar network.

[0004] However, the existing methods for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars are often set for a single water conservancy rainfall radar, without considering the overall layout of the radar network, the spacing between radars and the topological structure, resulting in too small an effective detection coverage area of the water conservancy rainfall radar to meet the actual use requirements. At the same time, there are fewer reference factor conditions involved in the process of planning and arranging, which will cause a large deviation between the actual layout position of the water conservancy rainfall radar and the optimal layout position, thus affecting the overall monitoring accuracy of the water conservancy rainfall radar. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for planning and arranging a water conservancy rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions. The method is reasonably designed. By combining multiple relevant factor conditions and the main detection coverage area of the radar, the layout location of a single water conservancy rainfall radar is determined, and a network topology structure is formed in combination with the specific networking requirements of the water conservancy rainfall radar, which not only ensures sufficient detection overlap coverage, but also can maximize the effective detection coverage area of the rainfall radar network; at the same time, the network topology structure of the radar is preferably in the shape of an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a quadrilateral or a rhombus, so that in the detection coverage area of the radar network, more areas can be scanned simultaneously by three or more radars in different directions or are fully covered. In this way, the radar network can obtain richer and more complete detection information in these areas, improving the monitoring accuracy and monitoring efficiency of the water conservancy rainfall radar and solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] A method for planning and arranging a water conservancy rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions, the planning and arranging method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Refer to the distribution of existing hydrological rainfall-measuring radars, combine the information data of existing hydrological stations and the positions of radars that have been built or are under construction, and determine multiple planned points on the electronic map through a division formula to cover important river basins and station networks and facilitate the comparison and analysis of rainfall amounts;

[0009] S2. Check the actual location conditions of the planned points, combine the positions of surrounding sensitive areas, exclude the positions with poor geological conditions, and connect multiple planned points in sequence according to the altitude change to form a target planned area;

[0010] S3. Determine the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar within the target planned area in combination with multiple factor conditions, and analyze and verify the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar through an iterative operation function;

[0011] S4. Refer to the national land map data or natural resources map data, exclude cultivated land, state-owned forest land and the ecological red line range to determine the position of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar;

[0012] S5. Conduct electromagnetic interference detection on the X-band hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, set an appropriate working frequency band, set a relatively stable electromagnetic environment for the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, and avoid interfering with the radar's received echo signal;

[0013] S6. Combine the land use situation, geological conditions, power supply situation, communication situation, traffic situation and construction conditions of the target planned area to determine the planned layout position of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar.

[0014] The hydrological rainfall-measuring radars can form a network, and the adapted distance between two radars in the network is set to cover the key river basin range; the key river basin range includes at least an overlapping detection range and the area of the key river basin.

[0015] The topological structure of the network is generally an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a quadrilateral or a rhombus, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars in different orientations, so as to enable the radar network to obtain rich and complete detection information.

[0016] The division formula is:

[0017] ;

[0018] where x(t)=[u(t), v(t)] T is the detection coverage area variable of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, z(t)=[X(t), Y(t)] T is the clearance condition variable of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, u(t)=[δ r (t), n(t)] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, δ r(t) and n(t) are respectively the working frequency component of the hydrological rainfall radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component transmitted and received by the hydrological rainfall radar; c(t) is the calibration and supplementary parameter of the hydrological rainfall radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately reflect the correlation between the clear sky condition and electromagnetic condition of the hydrological rainfall radar and the planned points of the hydrological rainfall radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clear sky condition variable of the hydrological rainfall radar.

[0019] The detection coverage area variable of the hydrological rainfall radar includes the central urban area with dense population and the distribution direction of the main water systems.

[0020] The clear sky condition variable includes the obstacles in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall radar. The shielding elevation angle of the obstacles in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall radar for the radar electromagnetic wave is not greater than 0.5°, and the shielding elevation angle of the obstacles in other directions for the radar electromagnetic wave is not greater than 1°; the shielding azimuth angle of the obstacles is not greater than 1°, and the total shielding azimuth angle is not greater than 5°; at the same time, there should be no shielding objects higher than the installation platform of the hydrological rainfall radar in the effective detection azimuth of the hydrological rainfall radar.

[0021] The working frequency band of the electromagnetic condition variable is 9.3 - 9.5 GHz. The hydrological rainfall radar selects an unused frequency point from it. Therefore, there should be no electromagnetic waves similar to the operation of the hydrological rainfall radar during the planned site selection of the hydrological rainfall radar to avoid interfering with the radar received echo signal; the working frequency of the hydrological rainfall radar should not interfere with other radio communication devices either.

[0022] The iterative operation function is:

[0023] ;

[0024] Among them, represents the current iteration number, means the th iteration's actual detection range the dimensional direction displacement deviation, means the current position of the actual detection range, means the global optimal position of the actual detection range, means the local optimal position of the actual detection range, represents the reference weight to be able to adjust the search and determination ability of the actual detection range, and represent the optimization constants, which can finely adjust the boundary of the actual detection range.

[0025] The and The value will be set between 10 and 20. It represents individual learning of the actual detection range, reflecting the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range for its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is beneficial for fine search in the local area of the actual detection range. It represents global learning of the actual detection range, reflecting the response regression degree of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more likely to be attracted by the global optimal solution, which helps to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

[0026] The power supply requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the hydrological rainfall measurement radar is AC220±10%V, and the electric power ≥5KVA; the communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the hydrological rainfall measurement radar is an end-to-end optical fiber data transmission dedicated line with a central bandwidth ≥50Mbps.

[0027] The present invention adopts the above method to determine multiple planning points on the electronic map through the information data of existing hydrological stations and the positions of existing or under-construction radars via a division formula; by checking the actual position conditions of the planning points and combining the positions of surrounding sensitive areas, excluding the positions with poor geological conditions, and connecting multiple planning points in sequence according to the altitude change to form a target planning area; analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall measurement radar through an iterative operation function; by referring to the national land map data or natural resource map data, excluding cultivated land, state-owned forest land, and ecological red line areas to determine the position of the hydrological rainfall measurement radar; by combining the land use situation, geological conditions, power supply situation, communication situation, traffic situation, and construction conditions of the target planning area, determining the planned layout position of the hydrological rainfall measurement radar, which has the advantages of accuracy, high efficiency, safety, and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic topological structure diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic actual planning diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0031] To clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention will be elaborated in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with its drawings.

[0032] As Figures 1-3 shown, for the method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall measurement radar based on multi-factor conditions, the planning and arranging method includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Refer to the distribution of existing hydrological rainfall-measuring radars, combine the information data of existing hydrological stations and the positions of radars that have been built or are under construction, and determine multiple planned points on the electronic map through a division formula to cover important river basins and station networks and facilitate the comparative analysis of rainfall;

[0034] S2. Check the actual location conditions of the planned points, combine the positions of surrounding sensitive areas, exclude the positions with poor geological conditions, and connect multiple planned points in sequence according to the altitude change to form a target planned area;

[0035] S3. Determine the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar within the target planned area in combination with multiple factor conditions, and analyze and verify the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar through an iterative operation function;

[0036] S4. Refer to the national land map data or natural resources map data, exclude cultivated land, state-owned forest land, and the ecological red line range to determine the position of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar;

[0037] S5. Conduct electromagnetic interference detection on the X-band hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, set an appropriate working frequency band, set a relatively stable electromagnetic environment for the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, and avoid interfering with the radar receiving echo signals;

[0038] S6. Determine the planned layout position of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar in combination with the land use situation, geological conditions, power supply situation, communication situation, traffic situation, and construction conditions of the target planned area.

[0039] The hydrological rainfall-measuring radars can form a network, and the adapted distance between two radars in the network is set to cover the key river basin range; the key river basin range includes at least the overlapping detection range and the key river basin area.

[0040] The topological structure of the network is generally an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a quadrilateral, or a rhombus, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars in different orientations, so as to enable the radar network to obtain rich and complete detection information.

[0041] The division formula is:

[0042] ;

[0043] where x(t)=[u(t),v(t)] T is the detection coverage area variable of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, z(t)=[X(t),Y(t)] T is the clearance condition variable of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, u(t)=[δ r (t), n(t)] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the hydrological rainfall-measuring radar, δ r(t) and n(t) are respectively the working frequency component of the hydrological rainfall radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component transmitted and received by the hydrological rainfall radar; c(t) is the calibration and supplementary parameter of the hydrological rainfall radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately reflect the correlation between the clear sky condition and electromagnetic condition of the hydrological rainfall radar and the planned points of the hydrological rainfall radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clear sky condition variable of the hydrological rainfall radar.

[0044] The detection coverage area variable of the hydrological rainfall radar includes the central urban area with dense population and the distribution direction of the main water systems.

[0045] The clear sky condition variable includes the obstacles in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall radar. The shielding elevation angle of the obstacles in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall radar for the radar electromagnetic wave is not greater than 0.5°, and the shielding elevation angle of the obstacles in other directions for the radar electromagnetic wave is not greater than 1°; the shielding azimuth angle of the obstacles is not greater than 1°, and the total shielding azimuth angle is not greater than 5°; at the same time, there should be no shielding objects higher than the installation platform of the hydrological rainfall radar in the effective detection azimuth of the hydrological rainfall radar.

[0046] The working frequency band of the electromagnetic condition variable is 9.3 - 9.5 GHz. The hydrological rainfall radar selects an unused frequency point from it. Therefore, there should be no electromagnetic waves similar to the operation of the hydrological rainfall radar during the planned site selection of the hydrological rainfall radar to avoid interfering with the radar received echo signal; the working frequency of the hydrological rainfall radar should not interfere with other radio communication devices either.

[0047] The iterative operation function is:

[0048] ;

[0049] Among them, represents the current iteration number, means the displacement deviation in the th dimension direction of the actual detection range during the th iteration, represents the current position of the actual detection range, represents the global optimal position of the actual detection range, represents the local optimal position of the actual detection range, represents the local optimal position of the actual detection range, represents the reference weight to be able to adjust the searching and determining ability of the actual detection range, and represent the optimization constants to be able to finely adjust the boundary of the actual detection range.

[0050] The and The value will be set between 10 and 20. It represents the individual learning of the actual detection range, reflecting the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range for its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is beneficial for fine search in the local area of the actual detection range. It represents the global learning of the actual detection range, reflecting the response regression degree of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more easily attracted by the global optimal solution, which helps to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

[0051] The power supply requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the hydrological rainfall radar is AC220±10%V, and the electric power ≥5KVA; the communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the hydrological rainfall radar is an end-to-end fiber optic data transmission dedicated line with a central bandwidth ≥50Mbps.

[0052] The working principle of the method for planning and arranging the hydrological rainfall radar based on multiple factor conditions in the embodiments of the present invention is as follows: combining multiple relevant factor conditions and the main detection coverage area of the radar to determine the layout location of a single hydrological rainfall radar, and forming a network topology structure in combination with the specific networking requirements of the hydrological rainfall radar, which not only ensures sufficient detection overlap coverage but also maximally improves the effective detection coverage area of the rainfall radar network; at the same time, the network topology structure of the radar is generally preferably in the shape of an equilateral, isosceles triangle, quadrilateral or rhombus, so that in the detection coverage area of the radar network, more areas can be scanned simultaneously by three or more radars in different directions or are fully covered. In this way, the radar network can obtain richer and more complete detection information in these areas, improving the monitoring accuracy and monitoring efficiency of the hydrological rainfall radar.

[0053] Generally, when selecting the location of the hydrological rainfall radar, it is necessary to consider the main detection coverage area of the installed radar, and there should be no obstacles such as tall buildings and tall trees around the selected location area; if the beam width of the hydrological radar is 1.8°, in order to maximize the detection and monitoring potential of the hydrological rainfall radar for small-scale severe convective rainfall systems in the mid-low altitude region, the ideal detection elevation angle of the radar is 0.9°; in this way, the bottom scanning plane of its beam is parallel to the horizontal plane, and in the main detection direction of the radar, there should preferably be no ground objects higher than the radar installation platform blocking; let α represent the pitch blocking angle. If 0°≤α≤0.9°, then the first layer of beam is half-beam blocked, which has little impact on detection. If 0.9°≤α≤1.8°, then the first layer of beam is fully-beam blocked.

[0054] At the same time, the deployment of water conservancy rain measuring radars must comply with the requirements of water conservancy rain measuring radar networking, and the adaptation distance between the two radars in the network should be set to cover the key watershed range; the topological structure of the network is generally an equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, quadrilateral or rhombus, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars in different directions, so that the radar network can obtain rich and complete detection information; the distance between radar sites should be 40km-50km, and can fluctuate between 20km-60km. If the distance is too large, the sites should be encrypted in the later stage.

[0055] In the overall plan, the planning and layout method includes the following steps: referring to the distribution of existing water conservancy rain measuring radars, combining the information data of existing hydrological stations and the locations of radars that have been built or are under construction, and determining multiple planning points on the electronic map through a division formula to cover important watersheds and station networks and facilitate comparative analysis of rainfall; checking the actual location conditions of the planning points, combining the locations of surrounding sensitive areas, excluding locations with poor geological conditions, and connecting multiple planning points in sequence according to altitude changes to form a target planning area; determining the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar within the target planning area in combination with multiple factors and conditions, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar through an iterative operation function; referring to land map data or natural resource map data, excluding cultivated land, state-owned forest land and ecological red line ranges to determine the location of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; establishing an X-band to perform interference detection on the water conservancy rain measuring radar, setting an adaptive working frequency band, and setting a relatively stable electromagnetic link for the water conservancy rain measuring radar to avoid interference with the radar receiving echo signals; and determining the planning and layout location of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in combination with the land use conditions, geological conditions, power supply conditions, communication conditions, traffic conditions and construction conditions of the target planning area.

[0056] The main detection coverage area of ​​water conservancy rainfall radar usually refers to densely populated central urban areas and the distribution direction of major water systems. One thing that needs to be noted is that for the detection coverage area, it is not a good choice to locate the radar in the center of the detection coverage area. Since each radar detection area has a cone of silence, the distance between the radar station site and the center of the main detection area should not be less than the radius of the top circle of the cone of silence.

[0057] Since the cooling fan of the water conservancy rain measuring radar will generate certain noise during actual operation, the radar site should be selected at a location far away from residential areas; the radar site should avoid sensitive locations such as residential areas, ecological protection areas, basic farmland, temples, etc. as much as possible, and there should be no smoke emission points such as quarries, open-pit mines, thermal power plants, etc. within 1.5km of the radar deployment site.

[0058] Furthermore, the radar installation site should have an electromagnetic environment suitable for the normal operation of the radar. There should be suitable operating frequency points within its operating frequency band of 9.3 - 9.5 GHz. The radar operates within a bandwidth of ±4 MHz around this frequency point and has no mutual interference with other radio equipment deployed in the vicinity. There should be no electromagnetic waves with frequencies similar to that of the radar near the candidate site to avoid interfering with the radar operation and data transmission. The operating frequency of the radar should not interfere with other radio communications in the area, ensuring a relatively stable electromagnetic environment and that the electromagnetic radiation meets environmental protection requirements.

[0059] In this application, the multiple factors referred to include clearance conditions, electromagnetic conditions, land use conditions, geological conditions, power supply conditions, communication conditions, traffic conditions, and construction environment.

[0060] Regarding the clearance conditions, it includes obstacles in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall radar. The elevation angle of the obstacle blocking the radar electromagnetic wave in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall radar is not greater than 0.5°, and the elevation angle of the obstacle blocking the radar electromagnetic wave in other directions is not greater than 1°; the azimuth angle of the obstacle blocking is not greater than 1°, and the total azimuth angle of blocking is not greater than 5°; at the same time, there should be no blocking objects higher than the radar installation platform in the effective detection azimuth of the hydrological rainfall radar.

[0061] Regarding the electromagnetic conditions, consistent with the above operating frequency band, a relatively stable electromagnetic environment at the radar site is a necessary condition for the normal reception and transmission of correct electromagnetic wave signals by the rainfall radar.

[0062] Regarding the land use conditions and geological conditions, to reduce the construction cost, the scale of the radar supporting infrastructure construction should be strictly controlled; generally, only a steel structure tower of a suitable height needs to be built for the radar. Depending on the height of the built tower, the land requirement for the radar station construction is between 50 - 200 square meters. The radar station should preferably be selected on the self-owned site of the hydrological department; when the selected site is not the self-owned site of the hydrological department, it is necessary to weigh whether the long-term right to use the land for the radar station construction can be obtained at an acceptable time and economic cost; furthermore, the radar site should be selected in a relatively stable geological area, avoiding places prone to geological disasters such as debris flows and landslides, and preferably selecting a place with a relatively low soil resistivity for station construction.

[0063] For the power supply and communication situations, the power supply requirements of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the hydrological rainfall radar are AC220±10%V, and the electric power ≥5KVA. The radar station should be located as close as possible to the power supply point of the municipal power grid and the access resource point of the operator's fiber optic network, so as to reduce the construction workload of the radar station's power supply project and lower the construction cost. The communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array hydrological rainfall radar is an end-to-end fiber optic data transmission dedicated line with a central bandwidth ≥50Mbps. The radar station should be located as close as possible to the access resource point of the operator's fiber optic network, so as to reduce the construction workload of the radar station's communication project and lower the construction cost.

[0064] For the traffic and construction conditions, the radar site should be located as much as possible in places with accessible traffic roads and good construction conditions. First, it is convenient for the transportation and installation of construction machinery, tools, building materials, radar tower steel structures, radar equipment, etc. during the construction. Second, it is convenient for the subsequent equipment operation and maintenance guarantee work.

[0065] In addition to the above 8 main factors, the site selection of the radar station also needs to comply with the national layout plan for rainfall radars and the layout plan requirements of the X-band phased array rainfall radar observation network in provinces and cities; avoid the possible interference of human production and living activities on the detection of rainfall radars. For example, there should be no soot emission points such as quarries, open-pit mines, and thermal power plants within 1.5 km of the radar site; at the same time, the local urban construction and development plan should be considered.

[0066] Generally, a suitable distance should be set between two radar stations. If the distance is too close, the overlapping detection coverage area of the two radars increases, but the total coverage area decreases. In this way, to cover a specific area with the radar network, more radars need to be deployed, resulting in an increase in the construction and operation costs of the radar network. On the contrary, if the distance between the radar stations is too large, although the total coverage area becomes larger, the overlapping detection coverage area of the two radars decreases. This will weaken the ability of the two radars to complement each other and make up for the large rain attenuation of the X-band radar, and at the same time, it will also reduce the area where the true three-dimensional wind field can be inverted; and the estimation accuracy of the areal rainfall is highly correlated with the near-surface wind field.

[0067] As attached Figure 2 shown is the diagram of the simultaneous detection coverage area of a single and three X-band dual-polarization rainfall radars with a detection distance of 40 km and a station distance of 45 km. The overlapping coverage area of the three radars is 1427.16 square kilometers, accounting for 10% of the total coverage area. The three areas are roughly equal, which not only ensures sufficient detection overlap coverage but also maximizes the effective detection coverage area of the rainfall radar network.

[0068] After determining the location of the radar site, you can also conduct an on-site survey, including the height of surrounding trees and tall buildings, to determine the height of the radar tower; you can select sites in the GIS map, calculate distances, calculate elevation differences, calculate whether they are within the red line range, filter surrounding sensitive areas, filter nearby road conditions, etc.; at the same time, calculate the networking situation, simulate shielding angles, analyze the blind spots of multiple radar shielding angles, and analyze whether the shielding angle direction blocks the detection of the area above the river.

[0069] In this application, the division formula and iterative operation function are the core innovations. Through the interactive calculation of information data, data judgment and verification, the accuracy and operation efficiency of radar planning and layout can be improved, ensuring that users can quickly and accurately obtain the required data.

[0070] Specifically, the division formula is:

[0071] ;

[0072] where x(t)=[u(t),v(t)] T is the detection coverage area variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, z(t)=[X(t),Y(t)] T is the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, u(t)=[δ r (t), n(t)] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, δ r (t) and n(t) are respectively the working frequency component of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component received and sent by the water conservancy rain measuring radar; c(t) is the calibration supplementary parameter of the water conservancy rain measuring radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately feedback the correlation between the clearance conditions and electromagnetic conditions of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the planned points of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0073] Through the mapping and calculation of multiple conditional factor variables and reference to multiple types of data, the obtained detection coverage area is made more accurate and reliable; in general, the detection coverage area M(t) can be displayed on an electronic map through coordinate data, which is convenient for marking on the electronic map.

[0074] Preferably, the iterative operation function of the present application is:

[0075] ;

[0076] in, Represents the current iteration number, Meaning: The actual detection range at the iteration The displacement deviation in the nth dimension direction, which means the current position of the actual detection range, which means the globally optimal position of the actual detection range, which means the locally optimal position of the actual detection range, represents the reference weight to adjust the searching and determination ability of the actual detection range, and represents the optimization constant to finely adjust the boundary of the actual detection range.

[0077] Through multiple iterative operations, it can be ensured that the obtained actual detection range is more accurate and more in line with the actual application environment.

[0078] Furthermore, the optimization constant will be set between 10 and 20. represents the individual learning of the actual detection range, reflecting the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range for its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is beneficial for fine search in the local area of the actual detection range; represents the global learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the response regression degree of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more easily attracted by the global optimal solution, which helps to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

[0079] It should be specifically noted that the radar station needs to establish a communication transmission link with the hydrological station and facilitate the connection to the power grid for power supply. At the same time, safety factors such as hydrology, geography, geology, and lightning strikes need to be comprehensively considered.

[0080] In summary, the method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multiple factor conditions in the embodiments of the present invention determines the layout and site selection of a single hydrological rainfall radar by combining multiple relevant factor conditions and the main detection coverage area of the radar, and forms a networking topology structure in combination with the specific networking requirements of the hydrological rainfall radar. This not only ensures sufficient detection overlap coverage but also maximizes the effective detection coverage area of the rainfall radar network. At the same time, the networking topology structure of the radar is generally preferably in the shape of an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a quadrilateral, or a rhombus, so that in the detection coverage area of the radar network, more areas can be scanned simultaneously by three or more radars in different directions, or in other words, be fully covered. In this way, the radar network can obtain richer and more complete detection information in these areas, improving the monitoring accuracy and monitoring efficiency of the hydrological rainfall radar.

[0081] The above specific implementation manners cannot be used as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art of this technology, any alternative improvement or transformation made to the embodiments of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0082] Where the present invention is not described in detail, it is the well-known technology to those skilled in the art of the present technology.

Claims

1. A method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions, characterized in that The described planning and layout method includes the following steps: S1. Referring to the distribution of existing hydrological rainfall measuring radars, combining the information data of existing hydrological stations and the positions of radars that have been built or are under construction, multiple planning points are determined on the electronic map via a division formula to cover important river basins and station networks and facilitate the comparative analysis of rainfall; S2. Checking the actual location conditions of the planning points, combining the positions of surrounding sensitive areas, excluding positions with poor geological conditions, and connecting multiple planning points in sequence according to the altitude change to form a target planning area; S3. Determining the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar within the target planning area in combination with multiple factor conditions, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar through an iterative operation function; S4. Referring to the national land map data or natural resource map data, excluding cultivated land, state-owned forest land, and the ecological red line range to determine the position of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar; S5. Conducting electromagnetic interference detection on the X-band hydrological rainfall measuring radar, setting an appropriate working frequency band, and setting a relatively stable electromagnetic environment for the hydrological rainfall measuring radar to avoid interfering with the radar receiving echo signals; S6. Determining the planned layout position of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar in combination with the land use situation, geological conditions, power supply situation, communication situation, traffic situation, and construction conditions of the target planning area.

2. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrological rainfall measuring radars can form a network, and the adapted distance between two radars in the network is set to cover the key river basin range; the key river basin range includes at least the overlapping detection range and the key river basin area.

3. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 2, wherein: The topological structure of the network includes equilateral triangles, isosceles triangles, quadrilaterals, or rhombuses, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars in different orientations, thereby enabling the radar network to obtain rich and complete detection information.

4. The method for planning and arranging a hydraulic rain gauge radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 1, wherein The division formula is: ； Among them, x ( t ) = u ( t ), v ( t )] T is the detection coverage area variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, z ( t ) = X ( t ), Y ( t )] T is the clear sky condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, u ( t ) = δ r ( t ), n ( t )] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, δ r ( t ) and n ( t ) are respectively the operating frequency component of the water conservancy rainfall radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component transmitted and received by the water conservancy rainfall radar; c( t ) is the calibration and supplementary parameter of the water conservancy rainfall radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately reflect the correlation between the clear sky condition and electromagnetic condition of the water conservancy rainfall radar and the planned points of the water conservancy rainfall radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clear sky condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar.

5. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 4, wherein: The detection coverage area variables of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar include the densely populated central urban area and the distribution direction of the main water systems.

6. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 4, wherein: The clearance condition variables include the obstacles in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar. The shielding elevation angle of the obstacles in the main detection direction of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar for the radar electromagnetic wave is not greater than 0.5°, and the shielding elevation angle of the obstacles in other directions for the radar electromagnetic wave is not greater than 1°; the shielding azimuth angle of the obstacles is not greater than 1°, and the total shielding azimuth angle is not greater than 5°; at the same time, there should be no shielding objects higher than the radar installation platform in the effective detection azimuth of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar.

7. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rain gauge radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 4, wherein: The working frequency band of the electromagnetic condition variables is 9.3 - 9.5 GHz. The hydrological rainfall measuring radar selects an unused frequency point among them. Therefore, there should be no electromagnetic waves similar to the operation of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar during the planning and site selection of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar to avoid interfering with the radar receiving echo signals; the working frequency of the hydrological rainfall measuring radar should not interfere with other radio communication devices either.

8. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that The iterative operation function is: ； Among them, represents the current iteration number, which means that at the -th iteration, the actual detection range The -dimensional displacement deviation in the direction, which means the current position of the actual detection range, which means the global optimal position of the actual detection range, which means the local optimal position of the actual detection range, represents the reference weight to adjust the search and determination ability of the actual detection range, and represents the optimization constant to finely tune the boundary of the actual detection range.

9. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 8, wherein: The and values will be set between 10 and 20, indicating individual learning of the actual detection range, reflecting the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range with respect to its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is beneficial for fine search in the local area of the actual detection range; indicating global learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the degree of response regression of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more easily attracted by the global optimal solution, helping to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

10. The method for planning and arranging a hydrological rainfall radar based on multi-factor conditions according to claim 1, wherein: The power supply requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the hydrological rainfall measuring radar is AC220 ± 10%V, and the electric power ≥ 5 KVA; the communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the hydrological rainfall measuring radar is an end-to-end fiber optic data transmission dedicated line with a central bandwidth ≥ 50 Mbps.

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