Pilot signal transmitting method, pilot signal receiving method and communication device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a pilot signal sending method, a pilot signal receiving method and a communication device, and the pilot signal sending method comprises the steps: sending a pilot signal through at least two sending antennas; wherein each transmitting antenna in the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in a time delay Doppler domain, the resource area comprises p * w grid units, p is the number of time delay indexes of the resource area in the time delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, and p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1. The value of w is related to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath time delay of the channel; the pilot signals sent by each sending antenna in the at least two sending antennas are respectively mapped on the target grid units in the resource areas corresponding to the sending antennas. By adopting the method and the device, the guard interval overhead can be saved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the channel estimation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a pilot signal sending method, a pilot signal receiving method and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] In the future, high-mobility terminals such as drones, autonomous driving, high-speed trains, and low-orbit satellites will need to achieve higher data transmission rates and transmission delays. Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) has more advantages than Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology. Especially in high-speed mobile scenarios, OTFS system performance is better and has advantages such as higher spectrum efficiency. Higher spectrum efficiency enables OTFS modulation to make full use of frequency resources and achieve higher transmission efficiency. OTFS modulation technology can use the sparsity of the equivalent channel matrix in the delay-Doppler domain to reduce channel estimation overhead and equalization complexity. Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) technology has the advantages of wide coverage, high spectrum efficiency, and high link reliability. As the core technology of future mobile communication systems, MIMO can improve channel capacity and reliability. In order to improve the capacity and spectrum efficiency of the system, OTFS is combined with MIMO technology. MIMO-OTFS technology can have the advantages of both technologies and is one of the most important solutions for high-speed wireless communication data transmission. In MIMO-OTFS systems, channel estimation is crucial and is often closely related to pilot design. How to design low-overhead pilot signals in MIMO-OTFS systems has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a pilot signal sending method, a pilot signal receiving method and a communication device, which can save the guard interval overhead to the maximum extent while ensuring the channel estimation performance.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for sending a pilot signal, the method comprising:

[0005] Transmitting a pilot signal via at least two transmitting antennas;

[0006] Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel;

[0007] The pilot signals transmitted by each of the at least two transmitting antennas are respectively mapped to target grid cells in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

[0008] Based on the description of the first aspect, the number of Doppler indexes in the Doppler domain corresponding to each transmitting antenna is related to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel. In other words, the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area is set taking into account the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel. In other words, the number of delay indexes of the resource area is set taking into account the maximum multipath delay of the channel. Therefore, the pilot signal setting method provided in the embodiment of the present application can maximize the savings in protection interval overhead while ensuring channel estimation performance.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the value of w is based on k max Determine that k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

[0010] In implementing this method, the number of Doppler indexes of a resource area is determined based on the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, so as to reasonably set the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area. Under the premise of ensuring the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, the number of Doppler indexes occupied by the resource area is minimized to save the protection interval overhead.

[0011] In an optional implementation, w=s*k max +1, the value of s is greater than or equal to 4.

[0012] Implementing this method, w = s*k max +1, which can prevent the pilot signal from interfering with surrounding data signals.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the value of p is based on l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0014] In implementing this method, the number of delay indexes of a resource area is determined based on the value of the delay index corresponding to the multipath delay of the channel, so as to reasonably set the number of delay indexes of the resource area and avoid the problem of large protection interval overhead caused by setting it too large.

[0015] In an optional implementation, p=x*l max +1, the value of x is greater than or equal to 2.

[0016] By implementing this method, the interference of the pilot signal on the surrounding data signals can be avoided.

[0017] In an optional implementation manner, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first Doppler index and the second Doppler index are both 2k max ; The first Doppler index is the maximum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second Doppler index is the minimum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0018] In this way, the absolute value of the difference between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area where the pilot signal is mapped and the maximum Doppler index and the minimum Doppler index of the resource area is 2k. max , thereby ensuring that the pilot signal in the resource area will not interfere with other data signals or pilot symbols in the Doppler domain.

[0019] In an optional implementation manner, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first delay index and the second delay index are both l max ; The first delay index is the maximum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second delay index is the minimum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0020] When this method is implemented, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit mapping the pilot signal in a resource area and the maximum delay index and the minimum delay index of the resource area are both l max , thereby ensuring that the pilot signal in the resource area will not interfere with other data signals or pilot symbols in the delay domain.

[0021] In an optional implementation, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a first resource region and a second resource region;

[0022] The Doppler indexes corresponding to the first resource area and the second resource area in the Doppler domain are the same, and the first resource area and the second resource area are adjacent in the delay domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the first resource area and the target grid unit in the second resource area in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max .

[0023] In the implementation of this method, in at least two resource areas corresponding to at least two transmitting antennas, for two resource areas with the same Doppler index and adjacent in the delay domain, the spacing of the target grid cells mapping the pilot signals in the two resource areas in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max , which can not only reduce the mutual interference between the pilot signals in two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain, but also save the guard interval overhead to the maximum extent.

[0024] In an optional implementation manner, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a third resource region and a fourth resource region;

[0025] The delay indexes corresponding to the third resource area and the fourth resource area in the delay domain are the same, and the third resource area and the fourth resource area are adjacent in the Doppler domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the third resource area and the target grid unit in the fourth resource area in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max .

[0026] In the implementation of this method, in at least two resource areas corresponding to at least two transmitting antennas, for two resource areas with the same delay index and adjacent in the Doppler domain, the spacing of the target grid cells mapping the pilot signals in the two resource areas in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max , which can not only reduce the mutual interference between the pilot signals in two adjacent resource areas in the Doppler domain, but also save the guard interval overhead to the maximum extent.

[0027] In an optional implementation, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a first condition, and the first condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas in the delay domain to be less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0028] The Doppler indexes of at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas are the same.

[0029] By implementing this method, if the total number of delay indexes actually occupied by at least two resource regions corresponding to at least two transmitting antennas in the delay domain is less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain, then the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas can all have the same Doppler index and be arranged vertically at intervals along the delay domain, thereby maximizing the savings in protection interval overhead.

[0030] In an optional implementation manner, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain in the at least two resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max .

[0031] By implementing this method, the guard interval overhead can be reduced while ensuring the channel estimation performance.

[0032] For example, the first condition includes: ((N T +1)l max +N T )≤M, where M is the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain; T is the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, and the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0033] Implementing this method, when ((N T +1)l max +N T )≤M, then the Doppler index of at least two resource areas is the same, and the distance between the target grid cells of any two resource areas along the delay domain is l max , which can minimize the guard interval overhead while ensuring the channel estimation performance.

[0034] In an optional implementation, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a second condition, and the second condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be greater than the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0035] The Doppler indexes of R resource regions corresponding to R transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, the Doppler indexes of S resource regions corresponding to S transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, and there are no identical transmitting antennas between the R transmitting antennas and the S transmitting antennas.

[0036] When implementing this method, if at least two resource areas corresponding to at least two transmitting antennas are all placed adjacent to each other along the delay domain, the total number of delay indexes will exceed. In this case, the at least two resource areas can be divided into multiple groups and placed. The Doppler index of each group of resource areas is the same and they are placed adjacent to each other along the delay domain. This can satisfy the placement of pilot signals in scenarios with more transmitting antennas and save protection interval overhead.

[0037] In an optional implementation manner, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent in the delay domain in the S resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max , the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among the R resource areas are l apart in the delay domain max ;

[0038] For example, the second condition includes: the number of antennas N of the at least two transmitting antennas T Satisfy((N T +1)l max +N T )>M, where M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain; T is the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, and the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0039] Implementing this method can not only reduce the interference of pilot signals in adjacent areas, but also place more pilot signals of transmitting antennas.

[0040] In an optional implementation manner, the value of R is based at least on the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain and the l max The value of S is determined based on at least the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain and the l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0041] For example, the value of R is equal to The value of S is equal to The M is the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain, and the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, and the N T is the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas.

[0042] By implementing this method, resource areas are arranged in one group along the delay domain interval, and then the remaining resource areas are arranged in another group along the delay domain interval, thereby saving the protection interval overhead to the maximum extent.

[0043] In an optional implementation, each of the S resource areas corresponds to one of the R resource areas; and the delay indexes of the two corresponding resource areas are the same.

[0044] In implementing this method, the delay indexes of the corresponding resource areas are the same. In other words, R first resource areas and S second resource areas are placed side by side to ensure channel estimation performance and save guard interval overhead to the maximum extent.

[0045] In an optional implementation, the distance between the target grid cells of two corresponding resource areas in the Doppler domain is 2k max .

[0046] Implementing this method can reduce mutual interference between pilot signals in two resource areas with adjacent Doppler domains and the same delay index, and can save guard interval overhead to the maximum extent.

[0047] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method, the method comprising:

[0048] receiving a pilot signal from at least two transmit antennas;

[0049] Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel;

[0050] The pilot signal of each of the at least two transmitting antennas is respectively mapped to a target grid unit in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the value of w is based on k max Determine that k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

[0052] In an optional implementation, w=s*k max +1, the value of s is greater than or equal to 4.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the value of p is based on l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0054] In an optional implementation, p=x*l max +1, the value of x is greater than or equal to 2.

[0055] In an optional implementation manner, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first Doppler index and the second Doppler index are both 2k max ; The first Doppler index is the maximum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second Doppler index is the minimum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0056] In an optional implementation manner, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first delay index and the second delay index are both l max ; The first delay index is the maximum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second delay index is the minimum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0057] In an optional implementation, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a first resource region and a second resource region;

[0058] The Doppler indexes corresponding to the first resource area and the second resource area in the Doppler domain are the same, and the first resource area and the second resource area are adjacent in the delay domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the first resource area and the target grid unit in the second resource area in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max .

[0059] In an optional implementation manner, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a third resource region and a fourth resource region;

[0060] The delay indexes corresponding to the third resource area and the fourth resource area in the delay domain are the same, and the third resource area and the fourth resource area are adjacent in the Doppler domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the third resource area and the target grid unit in the fourth resource area in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max .

[0061] In an optional implementation, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a first condition, and the first condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas in the delay domain to be less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0062] The Doppler indexes of at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas are the same.

[0063] In an optional implementation manner, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain in the at least two resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max ;

[0064] The first condition includes: T +1)l max +N T )≤M, where M is the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain; T is the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, and the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0065] In an optional implementation, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a second condition, and the second condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be greater than the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0066] The Doppler indexes of R resource regions corresponding to R transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, the Doppler indexes of S resource regions corresponding to S transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, and there are no identical transmitting antennas between the R transmitting antennas and the S transmitting antennas.

[0067] In an optional implementation manner, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent in the delay domain in the S resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max , the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among the R resource areas are l apart in the delay domain max ;

[0068] The second condition includes: the number of antennas N of the at least two transmitting antennas T Satisfy((N T +1)l max +N T )>M, where M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain; T is the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, and the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the value of R is equal to The value of S is equal to The M is the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain, and the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, and the N T is the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas.

[0070] In an optional implementation, each of the S resource areas corresponds to one of the R resource areas; and the delay indexes of the two corresponding resource areas are the same.

[0071] In an optional implementation, the distance between the target grid cells of two corresponding resource areas in the Doppler domain is 2k max .

[0072] The beneficial effects of the second aspect and various optional implementations of the second aspect can refer to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and various optional implementations of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pilot signal sending device, which communication device includes a unit for implementing the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect above.

[0074] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pilot signal receiving device, which communication device includes a unit for implementing the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect above.

[0075] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory are interconnected, the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the method described in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect, or to execute the method described in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect.

[0076] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, comprising a processor and an interface, wherein the processor and the interface are coupled; the interface is used to receive and / or output signals, and the processor is used to execute code instructions to execute a method as described in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect, or to execute a method as described in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect.

[0077] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a module device, which includes a communication module, a power module, a storage module and a chip module, wherein: the power module is used to provide power to the module device; the storage module is used to store data and / or instructions; the communication module communicates with an external device; the chip module is used to call the data and / or instructions stored in the storage module, and in combination with the communication module, execute the method described in the first aspect or any optional implementation of the first aspect, or execute the method described in the second aspect or any optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0078] In the eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the computer executes the program instructions, it implements the method described in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect, or implements the method described in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect.

[0079] In the ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or a computer code, and when the computer program product is run on a computer, it is used to implement the method described in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect, and to implement the method described in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect.

[0080] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes a terminal device and a network device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1a It is a structural diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Figure 1b This is a MIMO-OTFS system diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 1c It is a schematic diagram of mutual conversion between a delay-Doppler domain plane and a time-frequency domain plane provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of a pilot scheme design provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 2b It is a schematic diagram of another pilot scheme design provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of a pilot signal receiving and sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 4ais a schematic diagram of a resource area provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of a target grid unit in a resource area provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Figure 4c is a schematic diagram of a first resource area and a second resource area provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Figure 4d is a schematic diagram of a third resource area and a fourth resource area provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of a pilot scheme design provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Figure 5b It is a schematic diagram of another pilot scheme design provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] Figure 5c This is another schematic diagram of a pilot scheme design provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] Figure 5d It is a schematic diagram of channel estimation performance simulation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pilot signal sending device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pilot signal receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a module device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0099] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after the association are in an or relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0100] It should be pointed out that the words "first", "second", etc. involved in the embodiments of the present application are only used to distinguish the description purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to two or more. In addition, "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, which may include any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of A, B, or C may represent: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B and C. Among them, each of A, B, and C may be an element itself, or a set containing one or more elements.

[0102] In the embodiments of the present application, "exemplary", "in some embodiments", "in another embodiment", etc. are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete way.

[0103] In the embodiments of the present application, "of", "corresponding", and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the distinction between them is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are consistent. In the embodiments of the present application, communication and transmission can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the distinction between them is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are consistent. For example, transmission can include sending and / or receiving, which can be a noun or a verb.

[0104] The equal to involved in the embodiments of the present application can be used in conjunction with greater than, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when greater than, and can also be used in conjunction with less than, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when less than. It should be noted that when equal to is used in conjunction with greater than, it cannot be used in conjunction with less than; when equal to is used in conjunction with less than, it cannot be used in conjunction with greater than.

[0105] See also Figure 1a , Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication system may include but is not limited to one or more network devices, one or more terminal devices, such as Figure 1a Take a network device 101 and a terminal device 102 as an example, where: Figure 1a The network device 101 in the figure takes a base station as an example, and the terminal device 102 takes a mobile phone as an example. The terminal device 102 can establish a wireless link with the network device 101 to communicate. Figure 1a The communication system shown includes but is not limited to network equipment and terminal equipment, and may also include other communication equipment. Figure 1a The number and form of the devices shown are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver functions, which can be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal equipment, vehicle-mounted terminal equipment, industrial control terminal equipment, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal equipment, mobile equipment, UE terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, UE agent or UE device, etc. The terminal device can be fixed or mobile. It should be noted that the terminal device can support at least one wireless communication technology, such as long term evolution (LTE), new radio (NR), etc. For example, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (pad), a desktop computer, a laptop computer, an all-in-one computer, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a wearable device, a terminal device in a future mobile communication network, or a terminal device in a future evolved public mobile land network (PLMN), etc. In some embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may also be a device with transceiver functions, such as a chip system, wherein the chip system may include a chip and may also include other discrete devices.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device is a device that provides wireless communication functions for the terminal device, and can also be referred to as an access network device, a radio access network (RAN) device, etc. Among them, the network device can support at least one wireless communication technology, such as LTE, NR, etc. For example, the network device includes but is not limited to: the next generation base station (generation nodeB, gNB) in the fifth generation mobile communication system (5th-generation, 5G), the base station in the sixth generation mobile communication system (6th-generation, 6G), the evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), the radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), the node B (node ​​B, NB), the base station controller (base station controller, BSC), the base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), the home base station (for example, home evolved node B, or home node B, HNB), the baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), the transmitting and receiving point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), the transmitting point (transmitting point, TP), the mobile switching center, etc. The network device may also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (CU), and / or a distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the network device may be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a terminal device, a wearable device, and a network device in future mobile communications or a network device in a future evolving PLMN. In some embodiments, the network device may also be a device having a wireless communication function for a terminal device, such as a chip system. For example, the chip system may include a chip and may also include other discrete devices.

[0108] The network device may send a pilot signal, and correspondingly, the terminal device may receive the pilot signal; or, the terminal device may send a pilot signal, and correspondingly, the network device may receive the pilot signal.

[0109] The embodiments of the present application may also be applied in a vehicle to everything (V2X) system, where terminal devices may communicate with each other via a sidelink (SL), and one terminal device may send a pilot signal to another terminal device.

[0110] Some terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are explained below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0111] 1. MIMO-OTFS system

[0112] For example, N T Transmitting antennas and N R A single-user multiple-input multiple-output OTFS system with multiple receiving antennas, namely a MIMO-OTFS system, such as Figure 1b shown.

[0113] The continuous-time OTFS signal is sampled at frequency f s =B=1 / T s Sampling is performed, where Ts represents the sampling interval. The OTFS frame in the discrete time domain includes N blocks (or time slots), each block has M symbols, and a total of NM symbols. Each transmitted OTFS frame occupies a bandwidth of B = MΔf and a duration of NT, where T = MT s It represents the duration of each block, T=1 / Δf, Δf is the subcarrier spacing.

[0114] Assume that the nth T The root transmitting antenna and the nth R There is a gap between the receiving antennas paths, then its delay-Doppler domain channel expression is:

[0115]

[0116] in, Indicates the nth T The root transmitting antenna and the nth R The channel gain of the Pth path between the root receiving antennas, is the delay of the corresponding channel path, is the Doppler shift of the corresponding channel path.

[0117] According to the time domain input and output relationship of the SISO-OTFS system:

[0118]

[0119] Where w(t) is the superimposed Gaussian white noise. R The time domain signal received by the root receiving antenna is:

[0120]

[0121] make For nth T The root transmitting antenna and the nth R The equivalent delay-Doppler domain channel matrix between the root receiving antennas has a matrix dimension of MN×MN.T The M×N-dimensional symbols of the transmitting antennas in the delay-Doppler domain are transformed into MN×1-dimensional column vectors by vectorization. The corresponding nth R The M×N dimensional symbols of the root receiving antennas in the delay-Doppler domain are transformed into MN×1 dimensional column vectors by vectorization. Indicates the nth R The Gaussian white noise vector of the nth receiving antenna. R The input-output relationship of the root receiving antenna in the delay-Doppler domain is:

[0122]

[0123] By combining the input and output relationships of each antenna, the matrix expression of the MIMO-OTFS system can be obtained:

[0124]

[0125] 2. OTFS modulation

[0126] OTFS modulation is to logically map the information in a data packet of size M×N, such as a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) symbol, to M×N grid cells in a two-dimensional delay-Doppler domain, that is, the pulse in each grid cell modulates a QAM symbol in the data packet.

[0127] 3. Conversion between delay-Doppler domain plane and time-frequency domain plane

[0128] like Figure 1c As shown in the figure, by designing a set of orthogonal two-dimensional basis functions, the data set on the M×N delay Doppler domain plane is transformed to the N×M time-frequency domain plane. This transformation is mathematically called Inverse Symplectic Fast Fourier Transform (ISFFT). Correspondingly, the transformation from the time-frequency domain to the delay Doppler domain is called Symplectic Fourier Transform.

[0129] For ease of description, in the embodiment of the present application, a small grid in the delay-Doppler domain is referred to as a grid unit, and a grid unit corresponds to a delay index in the delay domain and a Doppler index in the Doppler domain. Figure 1c The delay-Doppler plane shown in FIG. 1 includes a delay domain of M delay indices and a Doppler domain of N Doppler indices. Figure 1c There are M×N grid cells in it.

[0130] like Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown in the figure, two pilot design solutions are provided in the embodiments of the present application. For example, N T =2, N R =2 MIMO-OTFS system, in the M×N delay-Doppler domain plane, the grid cells mapped by the pilot signal, the grid cells mapped by the data signal and the grid cells corresponding to the guard interval are as follows: Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown. The high-power pulse pilot signal x for each transmitting antenna Pilot The first transmitting antenna has the same x Pilot Placed in [m Pilot ,n Pilot ] position, 0≤m Pilot -l max ≤m Pilot ≤m Pilot +l max ≤M-1, 0≤n Pilot -k max ≤n Pilot ≤n Pilot +k max ≤N-1. Figure 2a and Figure 2b In the figure, the solid-line box is the resource area of ​​each transmitting antenna, and the resource area includes the grid unit mapped by the pilot signal and the grid unit corresponding to the guard interval. The guard interval outside the solid-line box is used to avoid interference from the pilot signal sent by other transmitting antennas.

[0131] Figure 2a For medium Doppler (i.e. (2k max +1)≤N / N T Pilot design scheme in delay-Doppler domain under the condition of k max is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, N is the total number of Doppler indices in the delay-Doppler domain, N T is the total number of transmit antennas. The pilot signal of each transmit antenna is mapped to the same delay index, and the spacing in the Doppler dimension must be greater than or equal to 2k max , to ensure that the pilot signals from different transmitting antennas do not interfere with each other at the receiving end. Figure 2a In the example, each transmitting antenna will occupy N / N resource areas. T Doppler index, in other words, Figure 2a Lieutenant General (2l max +1)N grid cells are used to send pilot signals and guard intervals, l max It is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0132] use Indicates the nth T The MN×1 column vector of the transmitting antennas The corresponding M×N-dimensional signal in the delay-Doppler domain is It is expressed as:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, x Pilot Represents the grid unit where the pilot signal is mapped, m Pilot is the delay index corresponding to the pilot signal of the first transmitting antenna, n Pilot is the Doppler index corresponding to the pilot signal, n T Used to identify the antenna number, l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, N T is the total number of transmitting antennas, N is the total number of Doppler indices in the delay-Doppler domain, m is the delay index in the delay-Doppler domain, n is the Doppler index in the delay-Doppler domain, Represents a grid cell that maps a data signal.

[0135] Figure 2b For high Doppler (ie N / N T <(2k max +1)≤N) in the delay-Doppler domain. Figure 2b In the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna in the Doppler dimension, all guard intervals are placed, and the pilot signals are placed at different delay indices, and the spacing in the delay dimension must be greater than or equal to l max , to ensure that the pilot signals from different transmitting antennas do not interfere with each other at the receiving end. It is expressed as:

[0136]

[0137] Figure 2a The minimum grid cell overhead required for mapping pilot signals and guard intervals in MIMO-OTFS channel estimation is:

[0138]

[0139] Where N is the total number of Doppler indices in the delay-Doppler domain, M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain, and l max It is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0140] Figure 2b The minimum grid cell overhead required for mapping pilot signals and guard intervals in MIMO-OTFS channel estimation is:

[0141]

[0142] Where N is the total number of Doppler indices in the delay-Doppler domain, M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain, and l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, N T is the total number of transmitting antennas.

[0143] The pilot signal receiving and transmitting method in the embodiment of the present application is described below. It should be noted that the various technical solutions (or embodiments) of the present application can be implemented independently or in combination based on certain internal connections. The present application is not limited thereto. And the various terms and definitions between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. In each embodiment of the present application, different implementations can also be implemented in combination or independently.

[0144] Please refer to Figure 3 , is a flow chart of a pilot signal receiving and sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pilot signal receiving and sending method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0145] 101. A first device sends a pilot signal through at least two transmitting antennas.

[0146] 102. A second device receives a pilot signal from at least two transmitting antennas.

[0147] The pilot signal design scheme in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to both medium Doppler scenarios and high Doppler scenarios.

[0148] Among them, each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, and the resource area includes p*w grid units, where p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, and w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain. p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0149] The pilot signals transmitted by each of the at least two transmitting antennas are respectively mapped on the target grid cells in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna. The grid cells except the target grid cells in each resource area are all guard intervals.

[0150] In an embodiment of the present application, the first device may be a network device and the second device may be a terminal device, or the first device may be a terminal device and the second device may be a network device, or the first device may be a terminal device and the second device may be another terminal device, and the two terminal devices may communicate based on V2X.

[0151] For ease of description, in the embodiment of the present application, at least two transmitting antennas are referred to as N T There are N transmitting antennas. T Each of the N transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource region in the delay-Doppler domain. In other words, one transmitting antenna corresponds to one resource region. T The transmitting antennas can correspond to N T resource area. Figure 4a As shown, it is a schematic diagram of a resource area. A resource area may include p*w grid units, where p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, and w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain. T The number of grid units included in the resource region corresponding to each transmitting antenna in the transmitting antennas may be the same.

[0152] In the embodiment of the present application, the value of p may be related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, and the value of w may be related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel.

[0153] For example, the value of w can be based on k max OK, the k max It can be the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, or it can be called the number of Doppler indices corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel. max +1, the value of s may be a value greater than or equal to the first value, and the first value may be an integer greater than 1, for example, the value of s may be 2 or 4. In some embodiments w=4*k max +1 to reduce the mutual interference between the pilot signal mapped on the target grid cell in the resource area and the surrounding data signals.

[0154] For example, the value of p can be based on l max OK, the l max It can be the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, or it can be called the number of delay indexes corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel. max +1, the value of x is greater than or equal to 2, for example, p = 2*l max +1.

[0155] For N T For any resource area in the resource areas, the location of the target grid unit in the resource area is introduced below.

[0156] For example, the absolute value of the difference between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first Doppler index and the second Doppler index is 2k max; The first Doppler index is the maximum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second Doppler index is the minimum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located. Figure 4b As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of a target grid unit in a resource area. The first Doppler index and the second Doppler index can be Figure 4b As shown, for example, if k max Corresponding to a Doppler index, the first Doppler index is 5, and the Doppler index of the target grid unit is 3. Then the absolute value of the difference between the first Doppler index 5 and the Doppler index 3 of the target grid unit is 2, that is, 2k max Since the target grid cell is at least 2k away from other data signals or pilot signals in the Doppler domain max , thus avoiding mutual interference with surrounding data signals or pilot signals in the Doppler domain.

[0157] Exemplarily, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first delay index and the second delay index are both l max ; The first delay index is the maximum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second delay index is the minimum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located. Figure 4b As shown in FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a target grid unit in a resource area, the first delay index and the second delay index can be as follows: Figure 4b As shown, for example, if l max Corresponding to two delay indexes, the first delay index is 5, and the Doppler index of the target grid unit is 3, then the absolute value of the difference between the first delay index 5 and the delay index 3 of the target grid unit is 2, that is, l max Since the target grid unit is at least l away from other data signals or pilot signals in the delay domain max , thus avoiding mutual interference with surrounding data signals or pilot signals in the Doppler domain.

[0158] Next, N T N transmitting antennas corresponding to T The placement of each resource area in the delay-Doppler domain is introduced as follows:

[0159] Method 1: The N T The resource area may include a first resource area and a second resource area, the first resource area and the second resource area have the same Doppler index in the Doppler domain, and the first resource area and the second resource area are adjacent in the delay domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the first resource area and the target grid unit in the second resource area in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max , the l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel. In other words, NT In the resource areas, the spacing between the target network units of any two resource areas with the same Doppler index and adjacent in the delay domain is set to be greater than or equal to l max , in order to avoid the pilot signal in the previous resource area in the delay domain from interfering with the pilot signal in the next resource area.

[0160] For example, Figure 4c As shown in FIG. 1 , the first resource region is framed by a thick line on the left, and the second resource region is framed by a thick line on the right. The Doppler indexes corresponding to the first resource region and the second resource region are the same, and the two resource regions are adjacent in the delay domain. The distance between the target grid unit in the first resource region and the target grid unit in the second resource region in the delay domain is as shown in FIG. Figure 4c As shown, there are two delay indexes, namely l max .

[0161] Method 2, N T The resource areas include a third resource area and a fourth resource area, the delay indexes corresponding to the third resource area and the fourth resource area in the delay domain are the same, and the third resource area and the fourth resource area are adjacent in the Doppler domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the third resource area and the target grid unit in the fourth resource area in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max In other words, N T In the resource areas, the distance between the target network units of any two resource areas with the same delay index and adjacent in the Doppler domain is set to be greater than or equal to 2k max , in order to reduce the mutual interference of pilot signals in two adjacent resource areas in the Doppler domain.

[0162] For example, Figure 4d As shown in FIG. 1 , the third resource region is framed by a thick line above, and the fourth resource region is framed by a thick line below. The delay indexes corresponding to the third resource region and the fourth resource region are the same, and the two resource regions are adjacent in the Doppler domain. The distance between the target grid unit in the third resource region and the target grid unit in the fourth resource region in the Doppler domain is as follows: Figure 4d As shown, the interval is two Doppler indices, that is, 2k max .

[0163] It can be understood that the above-mentioned first resource area, second resource area, third resource area and fourth resource area are only for describing the arrangement relationship of resource areas, and do not specifically refer to a specific resource area. For example, the first resource area and the third resource area can be the same resource area, and this application does not limit it.

[0164] The above-mentioned method 1 and method 2 can be used alone or in combination, and this application does not limit them. The following examples are given to illustrate.

[0165] In some embodiments, if N T The total number of transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain M meet the first condition, then N T N transmitting antennas corresponding to T The Doppler indexes of the N resource regions are all the same. T The distance between the target grid cells of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max .

[0166] The first condition above is used to limit the N T N transmitting antennas corresponding to T The total number of delay indexes actually occupied by the resource regions in the delay domain is less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0167] N T The delay index actually occupied by the N resource areas in the delay domain can be understood as follows: T All resource areas are placed along the delay domain (i.e. N T When the Doppler indexes of the resource areas are the same, and the delay domains of two adjacent resource areas can partially overlap, the delay index actually needs to be occupied. Figure 4c As shown, the number of delay indexes actually occupied by the first resource area and the second resource area is 8. In other words, the first condition is used to limit the T Whether all resource areas placed along the delay domain will exceed the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0168] For example, the N T The target grid cells of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain are l apart in the delay domain. max The first condition can be expressed as: ((N T +1)l max +N T )≤M, where M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain; N T is the total number of transmitting antennas, l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0169] In some embodiments, if N T The total number of transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain M meet the second condition (or do not meet the first condition), then N T The Doppler indexes of the R resource regions corresponding to the R transmitting antennas in the N transmitting antennas are the same. TThe Doppler indexes of the S resource regions corresponding to the S transmit antennas among the R transmit antennas are the same, and there is no identical transmit antenna between the R transmit antennas and the S transmit antennas. The fact that there is no identical transmit antenna between the R transmit antennas and the S transmit antennas can be understood as the antenna set formed by the R transmit antennas and the antenna set formed by the S transmit antennas do not intersect.

[0170] Exemplarily, the Doppler indexes corresponding to the R resource regions may be different from the Doppler indexes corresponding to the S resource regions, or some of the Doppler indexes may be the same. For example, if the Doppler indexes corresponding to the R resource regions are all 0-4, and the Doppler indexes corresponding to the S resource regions are all 3-7, then the Doppler indexes corresponding to the R resource regions and the Doppler indexes corresponding to the S resource regions may have some of the same Doppler indexes.

[0171] The second condition above is used to limit N T N transmitting antennas corresponding to T If all resource areas are placed along the delay domain (the N T The Doppler indexes of the resource areas are the same, and the two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain may partially overlap, for example, the distance between the target cells of the two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max ), the total number of delay indices actually occupied in the delay domain is greater than the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain. T N transmitting antennas corresponding to T When the total number of delay indexes actually occupied by resource regions in the delay domain is greater than the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain, it is necessary to T The resource areas are divided into multiple groups of resource areas, the Doppler index of at least one resource area in a group of resource areas is the same, and they are placed adjacent to each other along the delay domain. For example, the spacing between the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max It can be understood that the total number of delay indexes actually occupied by each group of resource regions in the delay-Doppler domain is less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0172] For example, the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among the S resource areas may be l apart in the delay domain. max , the target grid cells of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among R resource areas can be l apart in the delay domain max The second condition can be expressed as: the total number of transmitting antennas N T Satisfy((N T +1)l max +N T)>M, M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain; N T is the total number of transmitting antennas, l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0173] In some implementations, the value of R is based on at least the total number M of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain and l max The value of S can be determined based on at least the total number of transmitting antennas N T , the total number of delay indices M and l in the delay-Doppler domain max OK, the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0174] For example, the value of R above is equal to The value of S above is equal to Where M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain, l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, N T is the total number of transmitting antennas. It can be understood that the above process is to convert N T The transmitting antennas are divided into two groups as an example, and can also be divided into other number groups, for example, 3 groups, 4 groups, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0175] The value of R may be greater than or equal to the value of S. Each resource region in the S resource regions may correspond to one resource region in the R resource regions. The delay indexes of the two resource regions having the corresponding relationship are the same, such as Figure 4d As shown, the third resource region and the fourth resource region can be understood as two resource regions having a corresponding relationship.

[0176] Further optionally, the two resource areas with a corresponding relationship are adjacent in the Doppler domain. In some implementations, the distance between the target grid cells in the two resource areas with a corresponding relationship in the Doppler domain is 2k max .

[0177] The pilot design scheme of the embodiment of the present application is compared with Figure 2a and Figure 2b For the pilot design scheme, it is not necessary to reserve the entire Doppler domain for mapping pilot signals and guard intervals. Instead, the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna is determined according to the maximum multipath delay of the channel and the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, thereby reducing the guard interval overhead while ensuring the channel estimation performance.

[0178] Combine the following Figure 5a-Figure 5b To N TThe pilot design scheme when the total number of antennas of the transmitting antennas and the total number M of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain meet the first condition is described by way of example:

[0179] like Figure 5a As shown, the total number of transmitting antennas N T is 2, Figure 5a The area framed by a thick line in the delay-Doppler domain shown on the left is the resource area corresponding to the first transmitting antenna. Figure 5a The area framed by a thick line in the delay-Doppler domain shown on the right is the resource area corresponding to the second transmitting antenna. The number of delay indexes actually occupied by the first transmitting antenna and the second transmitting antenna in the delay domain is 8, which is less than the total number of delay indexes M in the delay-Doppler domain. Therefore, the Doppler indexes of the two transmitting antennas are the same and they are placed adjacent to each other along the delay domain. The distance between the target cells of the two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain is l. max .use Indicates the nth T The MN×1 column vector of the transmitting antennas The corresponding M×N-dimensional grid unit in the delay-Doppler domain is It is expressed as:

[0180]

[0181] Among them, x Pilot Represents the grid unit where the pilot signal is mapped, m Pilot is the delay index corresponding to the pilot signal of the first transmitting antenna, n Pilot is the Doppler index corresponding to the pilot signal of the first transmitting antenna, n T Used to identify the antenna number, l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, N T is the total number of transmitting antennas, m is the delay index in the delay-Doppler domain, n is the Doppler index in the delay-Doppler domain, Represents the grid unit where the data signal is mapped, and 0 represents the guard interval.

[0182] The MIMO-OTFS channel estimation requires pilot and GI symbol overheads:

[0183]

[0184] l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, N T is the total number of transmitting antennas, M is the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain, and N is the total number of Doppler indices in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0185] This solution meets the pilot design requirements in both medium Doppler and high Doppler scenarios, and is Figure 2a and Figure 2b The pilot design overhead is reduced in the two Doppler scenarios.

[0186] like Figure 5b As shown, the total number of transmitting antennas N T is 4, Figure 5b The area framed by the thick line is the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna. The number of delay indexes actually occupied by the four transmitting antennas in the delay domain is 14, which is less than the total number of delay indexes M in the delay-Doppler domain, that is, the first condition is met. Therefore, the Doppler indexes of the four transmitting antennas are the same and they are placed adjacent to each other along the delay domain. The distance between the target cells of two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain is l. max .

[0187] Combine the following Figure 5c To N T The pilot design scheme when the total number of antennas of the transmitting antennas and the total number M of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain meet the second condition (that is, when the first condition is not met) is described by way of example:

[0188] like Figure 5c As shown, the total number of transmitting antennas N T is 4, Figure 5c The area framed by the thick line is the resource area corresponding to each transmit antenna. The number of delay indexes actually occupied by the four transmit antennas in the delay domain is 14, which is greater than the total number M of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain, satisfying the second condition (i.e., not satisfying the first condition). Therefore, the four transmit antennas are divided into two groups. The first group of transmit antennas includes two transmit antennas (e.g. Figure 5c 1 and 2), the second group of transmitting antennas includes two transmitting antennas (eg Figure 5c The antenna 3 and antenna 4 shown in FIG. 1 are shown in FIG. 2 . It is understood that the method for determining the number of transmitting antennas in each group can refer to the description of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here. The Doppler index of the resource area corresponding to antenna 1 and antenna 2 is the same, and the spacing between the target cells in the resource area corresponding to antenna 1 and antenna 2 is l max The Doppler index of the resource area corresponding to antenna 3 and antenna 4 is the same, and the spacing between the target cells in the resource area corresponding to antenna 3 and antenna 4 is l max Antenna 1 and antenna 3 are two corresponding antennas. The delay index of antenna 1 and antenna 3 is the same, and the target cells of antenna 1 and antenna 3 are spaced 2k in the delay domain. max .use Figure 5b and Figure 5c The pilot design shown, It can be expressed as:

[0189]

[0190] Among them, x Pilot Represents the grid unit where the pilot signal is mapped, m Pilot is the delay index corresponding to the pilot signal of the first transmitting antenna, n Pilot is the Doppler index corresponding to the pilot signal of the first transmitting antenna, n T Used to identify the antenna number, l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, N T is the total number of transmitting antennas, m is the delay index in the delay-Doppler domain, n is the Doppler index in the delay-Doppler domain, represents the grid unit of the mapped data signal, 0 represents the protection interval, k max is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, and M is the total number of delay indices in the delay Doppler domain.

[0191] The MIMO-OTFS channel estimation requires pilot and guard interval overheads:

[0192]

[0193] Among them, k max is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel, M is the total number of delay indices in the delay Doppler domain, and l max is the delay index value corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel, N T is the total number of transmitting antennas, and N is the total number of Doppler indices in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0194] Figure 5d The channel estimation performance of the MIMO-OTFS system using different pilot design schemes is shown in Figure 2. The number of subcarriers M is 32, the number of symbols N is 16, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation and minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization are used, the multipath number of the transmission channel is P = 4, and the maximum Doppler index is 2. It can be seen that the performance of each pilot design scheme is close to the same. In terms of SNR p =32dB, the channel estimation performance is the same as the ideal channel performance at a BER of 1×10 -2 The phase difference is only about 0.5dB. Figure 5d The robust pilot design scheme in the embodiment of the present application is adopted Figure 5a to Figure 5c The pilot design scheme shown in the figure is the medium Doppler scheme. Figure 2a The pilot design scheme shown in the figure is the high Doppler scheme. Figure 2b The pilot design scheme shown in the figure is represented by Ideal, which is the channel estimation performance under ideal conditions. Figure 5d It can be seen that the pilot design scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application can ensure the channel estimation performance. Therefore, the pilot design scheme provided in the present application can save overhead while ensuring the channel estimation performance.

[0195] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pilot signal sending device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device is applied to a first device. Exemplarily, the communication device may be a first device or a device in the first device, for example, a chip or chip module in the first device, or a device that can be used with the first device. The first device may be a terminal device or a network device, which is not limited in the present application. Figure 6 The pilot signal sending device 100 shown may include a sending unit 110, wherein:

[0196] The sending unit 110 is configured to send a pilot signal through at least two sending antennas;

[0197] Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel;

[0198] The pilot signals transmitted by each of the at least two transmitting antennas are respectively mapped to target grid cells in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

[0199] In one possible implementation, the value of w is based on k max Determine that k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

[0200] In one possible implementation, the value of p is based on l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0201] In a possible implementation, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first Doppler index and the second Doppler index are both 2k max; The first Doppler index is the maximum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second Doppler index is the minimum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0202] In a possible implementation, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first delay index and the second delay index are both l. max ; The first delay index is the maximum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second delay index is the minimum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0203] In a possible implementation manner, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a first resource region and a second resource region;

[0204] The Doppler indexes corresponding to the first resource area and the second resource area in the Doppler domain are the same, and the first resource area and the second resource area are adjacent in the delay domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the first resource area and the target grid unit in the second resource area in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max , the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0205] In a possible implementation manner, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a third resource region and a fourth resource region;

[0206] The delay indexes corresponding to the third resource area and the fourth resource area in the delay domain are the same, and the third resource area and the fourth resource area are adjacent in the Doppler domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the third resource area and the target grid unit in the fourth resource area in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max , the k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

[0207] In a possible implementation manner, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a first condition, and the first condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0208] The Doppler indexes of at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas are the same.

[0209] In a possible implementation, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain in the at least two resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max .

[0210] In a possible implementation manner, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a second condition, and the second condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be greater than the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0211] The Doppler indexes of R resource regions corresponding to R transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, the Doppler indexes of S resource regions corresponding to S transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, and there are no identical transmitting antennas between the R transmitting antennas and the S transmitting antennas.

[0212] In a possible implementation, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain among the S resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max , the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among the R resource areas are l apart in the delay domain max .

[0213] In a possible implementation manner, the value of R is based at least on the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain and the l max The value of S is determined based on at least the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain and the l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0214] In a possible implementation manner, each of the S resource regions corresponds to one of the R resource regions; and the delay indexes of the two corresponding resource regions are the same.

[0215] In a possible implementation, the distance between the target grid cells of two corresponding resource areas in the Doppler domain is 2k. max .

[0216] about Figure 6 The specific embodiment description can refer to Figure 3 The description of the embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0217] See also Figure 7 , Figure 71 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pilot signal receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device is applied to a second device. Exemplarily, the communication device may be a second device or a device in the second device, for example, a chip or chip module in the second device, or a device that can be used in combination with the second device. The second device may be a terminal device or a network device, which is not limited in the present application. Figure 7 The pilot signal receiving apparatus 200 shown may include a receiving unit 210, wherein:

[0218] The receiving unit 210 is configured to receive pilot signals from at least two transmitting antennas;

[0219] Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel;

[0220] The pilot signal of each of the at least two transmitting antennas is respectively mapped to a target grid unit in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

[0221] In one possible implementation, the value of w is based on k max Determine that k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

[0222] In one possible implementation, the value of p is based on l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0223] In a possible implementation, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first Doppler index and the second Doppler index are both 2k max ; The first Doppler index is the maximum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second Doppler index is the minimum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0224] In a possible implementation, the absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first delay index and the second delay index are both l. max; The first delay index is the maximum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second delay index is the minimum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

[0225] In a possible implementation manner, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a first resource region and a second resource region;

[0226] The Doppler indexes corresponding to the first resource area and the second resource area in the Doppler domain are the same, and the first resource area and the second resource area are adjacent in the delay domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the first resource area and the target grid unit in the second resource area in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max .

[0227] In a possible implementation manner, the at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a third resource region and a fourth resource region;

[0228] The delay indexes corresponding to the third resource area and the fourth resource area in the delay domain are the same, and the third resource area and the fourth resource area are adjacent in the Doppler domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the third resource area and the target grid unit in the fourth resource area in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max .

[0229] In a possible implementation manner, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a first condition, and the first condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0230] The Doppler indexes of at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas are the same.

[0231] In a possible implementation, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain in the at least two resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max .

[0232] In a possible implementation manner, the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a second condition, and the second condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be greater than the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain;

[0233] The Doppler indexes of R resource regions corresponding to R transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, the Doppler indexes of S resource regions corresponding to S transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, and there are no identical transmitting antennas between the R transmitting antennas and the S transmitting antennas.

[0234] In a possible implementation, the target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain among the S resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max , the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among the R resource areas are l apart in the delay domain max .

[0235] In a possible implementation manner, the value of R is based at least on the total number of delay indexes in the delay-Doppler domain and the l max The value of S is determined based on at least the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain and the l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

[0236] In a possible implementation manner, each resource region of the S resource regions corresponds to one resource region of the S resource regions;

[0237] The delay indexes of two corresponding resource regions are the same.

[0238] In a possible implementation, the distance between the target grid cells in the two corresponding resource areas in the Doppler domain is 2k max .

[0239] about Figure 7 The specific embodiment description can refer to Figure 3 The description of the embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0240] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is used to implement the above Figure 3 The function of the first device in the Figure 3 The communication device 300 may be a first device or a device for a first device. The device for the first device may be a chip system or a chip in the first device. The communication device may also be a second device or a device for a second device. The device for the second device may be a chip system or a chip in the second device. The chip system may be composed of a chip or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0241] The communication device 300 includes at least one processor 320, which is used to implement the data processing function of the first device or the second device in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The communication device 300 may also include a communication interface 310, which is used to implement the transceiver operation of the first device or the second device in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 320 may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the communication interface 310 may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module or other type of communication interface, which is used to communicate with other devices through a transmission medium. For example, the communication interface 310 is used for the communication device 300 to communicate with other devices. The processor 320 uses the communication interface 310 to send and receive data and is used to implement the above method embodiment. Figure 3 The method described.

[0242] The communication device 300 may also include at least one memory 330 for storing program instructions and / or data. The memory 330 is coupled to the processor 320. The coupling in the embodiment of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules. The processor 320 may operate in conjunction with the memory 330. The processor 320 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 330. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.

[0243] When the communication device 300 is turned on, the processor 320 can read the software program in the memory 330, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be sent wirelessly, the processor 320 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent and outputs the baseband signal to the RF circuit ( Figure 8 The RF circuit processes the baseband signal and then transmits the RF signal to the outside in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device 300, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 320, which converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0244] In another implementation, the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged independently from the processor 320 that performs baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged independently from the device in a remote manner.

[0245] The specific connection medium between the communication interface 310, the processor 320 and the memory 330 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 In the embodiment, the memory 330, the processor 320 and the communication interface 310 are connected via a bus 340. Figure 8 The connections between the other components are shown in bold lines, which are only for illustration and are not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 8 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0246] When the communication device 300 is specifically used in a terminal device, for example, when the communication device 300 is specifically a chip or a chip system, the communication interface 310 may output or receive a baseband signal. When the communication device 300 is specifically a terminal device, the communication interface 310 may output or receive a radio frequency signal.

[0247] It should be noted that the device can execute the relevant steps of the first device or the second device in the aforementioned method embodiment. For details, please refer to the implementation methods provided in the above steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0248] For each device or product applied to or integrated in the device, each module contained therein can be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits, and different modules can be located in the same component (for example, a chip, circuit module, etc.) or different components in the terminal, or at least some of the modules can be implemented in the form of a software program that runs on a processor integrated inside the terminal, and the remaining (if any) modules can be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits.

[0249] The above-mentioned memory may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static ram (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0250] The present application provides a chip. The chip includes: a processor and a memory. The number of the processors can be one or more, and the number of the memories can be one or more. The processor can execute the above instructions and data stored in the memory by reading the instructions and data stored in the memory. Figure 3 The method shown in and the steps performed by the relevant implementation methods.

[0251] like Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 400 can execute the relevant steps of the first device in the above method embodiment, or the module device 400 can execute the relevant steps of the second device in the above method embodiment.

[0252] The module device 400 includes: a communication module 410, a power module 420, a storage module 430 and a chip module 440. The power module 420 is used to provide power to the module device; the storage module 430 is used to store data and / or instructions; the communication module 410 is used to communicate with external devices; the chip module 440 is used to call the data and / or instructions stored in the storage module 430, and in combination with the communication module 410, the above-mentioned Figure 3 The method shown, and the steps performed by the relevant implementation method.

[0253] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the electronic device executes the program instructions, the above Figure 3 The steps performed by the first device in the method shown, or the implementation of the above Figure 3 The steps performed by the second device in the method shown.

[0254] The computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the first device or the second device described in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the device. The computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the first device or the second device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the device. Further, the computer-readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit of the first device or the second device and an external storage device. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the first device or the second device. The computer-readable storage medium may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more available media sets. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a high-density digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium may be a solid-state hard disk.

[0255] Regarding the various modules / units included in the various devices and products described in the above embodiments, they can be software modules / units, or hardware modules / units, or they can be partially software modules / units and partially hardware modules / units. For example, for various devices and products applied to or integrated in a chip, the various modules / units included therein can all be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits, or at least some of the modules / units can be implemented in the form of software programs, which run on a processor integrated inside the chip, and the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits; for various devices and products applied to or integrated in a chip module, the various modules / units included therein can all be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits, and different modules / units can be located in the same component of the chip module (such as a chip, circuit module, etc.) or in different components, or at least some of the modules / units can be implemented in the form of software programs. It is implemented in the form of a software program, which runs on a processor integrated inside the chip module, and the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented in hardware such as circuits; for each device or product applied to or integrated in the data acquisition node, each module / unit contained therein can be implemented in hardware such as circuits, and different modules / units can be located in the same component (for example, chip, circuit module, etc.) or in different components in the terminal, or, at least some modules / units can be implemented in the form of a software program, which runs on a processor integrated inside the data acquisition node, and the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented in hardware such as circuits.

[0256] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means.

[0257] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0258] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods, devices and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic; for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation; for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0259] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0260] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be physically included separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0261] The above-mentioned integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a gateway node, etc.) to perform some steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0262] A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. The storage medium can be a disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0263] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the application.

Claims

1. A method for sending a pilot signal, characterized in that: include: Transmitting a pilot signal via at least two transmitting antennas; Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel; The pilot signals transmitted by each of the at least two transmitting antennas are respectively mapped to target grid cells in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The value of w is based on k max Determine that k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The value of p is based on l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The absolute values ​​of the differences between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first Doppler index and the second Doppler index are both 2k max ; The first Doppler index is the maximum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second Doppler index is the minimum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first delay index and the second delay index are both l max ; The first delay index is the maximum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second delay index is the minimum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a first resource region and a second resource region; The Doppler indexes corresponding to the first resource area and the second resource area in the Doppler domain are the same, and the first resource area and the second resource area are adjacent in the delay domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the first resource area and the target grid unit in the second resource area in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max , the l max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a third resource region and a fourth resource region; The delay indexes corresponding to the third resource area and the fourth resource area in the delay domain are the same, and the third resource area and the fourth resource area are adjacent in the Doppler domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the third resource area and the target grid unit in the fourth resource area in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max , the k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain meet a first condition, and the first condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain; The Doppler indexes of at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas are the same.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain of the at least two resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max .

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a second condition, and the second condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be greater than the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain; The Doppler indexes of R resource regions corresponding to R transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, the Doppler indexes of S resource regions corresponding to S transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, and there are no identical transmitting antennas between the R transmitting antennas and the S transmitting antennas.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the S resource areas in the delay domain are l apart in the delay domain. max , the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among the R resource areas are l apart in the delay domain max .

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The value of R is based at least on the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain and the l max The value of S is determined based on at least the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain and the l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: Each of the S resource regions corresponds to one of the R resource regions; and the delay indexes of the two corresponding resource regions are the same.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The distance between the target grid cells of the two corresponding resource areas in the Doppler domain is 2k max .

15. A pilot signal receiving method, characterized in that: include: receiving a pilot signal from at least two transmit antennas; Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel; The pilot signal of each of the at least two transmitting antennas is respectively mapped to a target grid unit in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The value of w is based on k max Determine that k max It is the value of the Doppler index corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency shift of the channel.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The value of p is based on l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

18. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The absolute values ​​of the differences between the Doppler index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first Doppler index and the second Doppler index are both 2k max ; The first Doppler index is the maximum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second Doppler index is the minimum Doppler index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The absolute values ​​of the differences between the delay index of the target grid unit in a resource area and the first delay index and the second delay index are both l max ; The first delay index is the maximum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located, and the second delay index is the minimum delay index of the resource area where the target grid unit is located.

20. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that: The at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a first resource region and a second resource region; The Doppler indexes corresponding to the first resource area and the second resource area in the Doppler domain are the same, and the first resource area and the second resource area are adjacent in the delay domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the first resource area and the target grid unit in the second resource area in the delay domain is greater than or equal to l max .

21. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that: The at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas include a third resource region and a fourth resource region; The delay indexes corresponding to the third resource area and the fourth resource area in the delay domain are the same, and the third resource area and the fourth resource area are adjacent in the Doppler domain, and the distance between the target grid unit in the third resource area and the target grid unit in the fourth resource area in the Doppler domain is greater than or equal to 2k max .

22. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that: The total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain meet a first condition, and the first condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be less than or equal to the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain; The Doppler indexes of at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas are the same.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein: The target grid units of any two resource areas adjacent to each other in the delay domain of the at least two resource areas are spaced apart by l in the delay domain. max .

24. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that The total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas and the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain satisfy a second condition, and the second condition is used to limit the total number of delay indexes actually occupied in the delay domain by at least two resource regions corresponding to the at least two transmitting antennas to be greater than the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain; The Doppler indexes of R resource regions corresponding to R transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, the Doppler indexes of S resource regions corresponding to S transmitting antennas among the at least two transmitting antennas are the same, and there are no identical transmitting antennas between the R transmitting antennas and the S transmitting antennas.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein: The target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the S resource areas in the delay domain are l apart in the delay domain. max , the target grid units of any two adjacent resource areas in the delay domain among the R resource areas are l apart in the delay domain max .

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that The value of R is based at least on the total number of delay indices in the delay-Doppler domain and the l max The value of S is determined based on at least the total number of antennas of the at least two transmitting antennas, the total number of delay indexes in the delay Doppler domain and the l max Determine that max is the value of the delay index corresponding to the maximum multipath delay of the channel.

27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that: Each of the S resource regions corresponds to one resource region among the S resource regions; The delay indexes of two corresponding resource regions are the same.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein: The spacing between the target grid cells in the two corresponding resource areas in the Doppler domain is 2k max .

29. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A transmitting unit, transmitting a pilot signal through at least two transmitting antennas; Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel; The pilot signals transmitted by each of the at least two transmitting antennas are respectively mapped to target grid cells in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

30. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A receiving unit, configured to receive pilot signals from at least two transmitting antennas; Each of the at least two transmitting antennas corresponds to a resource area in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource area includes p*w grid units, p is the number of delay indexes of the resource area in the delay domain, w is the number of Doppler indexes of the resource area in the Doppler domain, p and w are integers greater than or equal to 1, the value of w is related to the maximum Doppler shift of the channel, and the value of p is related to the maximum multipath delay of the channel; The pilot signal of each of the at least two transmitting antennas is respectively mapped to a target grid unit in the resource area corresponding to each transmitting antenna.

31. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a processor and a memory, and the processor and the memory are connected to each other, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions. The processor calls the program instructions to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or executes the method according to any one of claims 15 to 28.

32. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes a processor and an interface, and the processor is coupled to the interface; the interface is used to receive or output signals, and the processor is used to execute code instructions, execute the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, or execute the method as described in any one of claims 15 to 28.

33. A module device, characterized in that: The module device includes a communication module, a power module, a storage module and a chip module, wherein: The power module is used to provide electrical energy to the module device; The storage module is used to store data and / or instructions; The communication module is used to communicate with external devices; The chip module is used to call the data and / or instructions stored in the storage module, and in combination with the communication module, execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 14, or execute the method described in any one of claims 15 to 28.

34. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. When a computer executes the program instructions, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 or the method according to any one of claims 15 to 28 is implemented.

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