Method and system for collecting temperature and humidity parameters in fairing of carrier rocket

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for collecting temperature and humidity parameters in a fairing of a carrier rocket, and the method comprises the steps: S1, enabling a sensor node to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data in the fairing, adaptively adjusting the data transmission rate of the node, adjusting the data transmission interval of the node, and transmitting the data to a gateway through a Lora wireless network; s2, enabling a gateway to receive a wireless signal, and sending the wireless signal to an upper computer through the Ethernet; and S3, enabling the upper computer to receive the data frame of the gateway, analyzing the temperature and humidity parameters in the data frame, displaying the temperature and humidity parameters on an interface in the form of digits and curves, and sending data to a base ground service system according to an agreed protocol. The self-adaptive node data transmission rate adjustment and the backoff algorithm are used for adjusting the node data sending interval, so that conflicts among node data packets in the Lora network can be effectively reduced, and the network throughput performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of launch vehicle fairing environment monitoring, and in particular to a method and system for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing. Background Art

[0002] The temperature and humidity parameters inside the launch vehicle fairing assembly need to be monitored in real time during and after the transfer process. The air conditioning vehicle and the tower air conditioning unit supply air according to the temperature and humidity parameters to ensure that the temperature and humidity inside the assembly are always in a relatively ideal state. In the past, the temperature and humidity inside the fairing were collected using wired sensors. After each transfer, the wiring needed to be rewired, which was time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, the interfaces of the service systems at different launch sites were different, and it was impossible to achieve standardization. In order to improve the adaptability of temperature and humidity sensors to different bases and avoid the trouble of tower wiring, a wireless temperature and humidity environment monitoring system was designed to collect the temperature and humidity parameters inside the fairing in real time, send them to the tower air conditioning control room through a wireless network, and then display the temperature and humidity parameters of each measuring point on the monitoring computer, and send the temperature and humidity data to the base through a standard Ethernet interface and protocol.

[0003] As the number of sensor nodes increases, there are a large number of concurrent transmissions in the Lora network, which leads to conflicts between sensor nodes sending data. The throughput performance of the Lora network is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of the network channel is low, and the access delay is large. Based on the above situation, an anti-collision algorithm for dense node Lora networks is proposed.

[0004] Patent document CN204718645U discloses a temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system, including a power module, a single-chip control circuit, a drive module, an alarm module, a display module, a key module, a storage module, a wireless module, a sensor module and an operation terminal, wherein the power module is electrically connected to the single-chip control circuit, the drive module, the alarm module, the display module, the key module, the storage module and the wireless module; the sensor module is electrically connected to the single-chip control circuit; the single-chip control circuit is electrically connected to the drive module, the alarm module, the display module, the key module, the storage module and the wireless module; the system works stably, and processes and sends the collected information to the operation terminal through the GSM wireless module. However, the invention does not collect the temperature and humidity parameters of the launch vehicle fairing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing.

[0006] A method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing provided by the present invention comprises: Step S1: Instruct the sensor node to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, adaptively adjust the node data transmission rate and the node data sending interval, and send it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; Step S2: The gateway receives the wireless signal and sends it to the host computer via Ethernet; Step S3: The host computer receives the data frame from the gateway, analyzes the temperature and humidity parameters therein, displays them in the form of numbers and curves on the interface, and sends the data to the base ground support system according to the agreed protocol.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1: The sensor node is powered by a lithium battery and can collect lithium battery voltage data, and then estimate the lithium battery power through a preset algorithm, and promptly remind when the battery is low; The sensor node adopts intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption and extend the working time after a single charge; The lithium battery power estimation algorithm specifically includes: based on the lithium battery voltage estimation, 100% power corresponds to 4.2V, 20% power corresponds to 3.74V, and the power between 20% and 100% power satisfies a linear relationship with the battery voltage; 0% power corresponds to 3V, and the power between 0% and 20% power satisfies another set of linear relationships with the battery voltage.

[0008] Intermittent working mode: Intermittent working mode means that the sensor node works to upload temperature and humidity data when the gateway wakes up, and enters sleep mode after the upload is completed.

[0009] Preferably, the sensor node and the gateway communicate via the Lora network, and the gateway and the node are in inquiry mode, the gateway issues a command, and the sensor node responds to the command, so as to upload the temperature and humidity data; The transmitting and receiving frequencies of the gateway and sensor nodes can be adjusted within a preset range; Sensor node parameters can be modified using a mobile phone via NFC. By modifying the node gateway address, the sensor node can be bound to different gateways, and by modifying the node device ID, different sensor nodes can be replaced.

[0010] Preferably, the adaptive rate adjustment comprises the following steps: Step A1: The sending end and the receiving end initialize the basic rate; Step A2: When the transmitting end has a data packet to send, it sends a request message frame ACK1. When the receiving end receives the ACK1 frame, it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and the signal receiving strength in the receiving process. The receiving end selects the optimal transmission rate based on the relationship between these two values ​​and the bit error rate in various modulation modes, and puts the selected rate information into the changed ACK1 frame when returning the ACK1 frame to the transmitting end. When the transmitting end receives the ACK1 frame, it extracts the rate information contained in the ACK1 frame and transmits the data packet to the receiving end at this rate. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal receiving strength value during the receiving process are calculated as follows: SNR=10log(RxPower / (AcNoisePower+BkNoisePower)); Among them, RxPower is the received power, AcNoisePower is the interference noise power, and BkNoisePower is the background noise power; Select the optimal transmission rate as follows: The transmission rate is divided into several levels, and each level corresponds to a different range of signal-to-noise ratio. The higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the higher the rate. The corresponding rate level is selected by looking up the table based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio. Step A3: The sending end and the receiving end restore the initialization rate.

[0011] Preferably, adjusting the data transmission interval comprises the following steps: Step B1: adopt the backoff algorithm, set the backoff window transmission waiting time threshold w and the number of consecutive successful transmissions c, the threshold and the number depend on the specific deployment scenario and the number of sensor nodes; Step B2: When the node backoff window size does not reach the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases exponentially; Step B3: When the node backoff window size reaches the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases linearly; Step B4: adjust the backoff window size according to the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. If the number of consecutive successful transmissions of the node does not exceed c times, keep the window size unchanged; Step B5: If the number of consecutive successful transmissions exceeds c times, the window size is reduced to half of the current window.

[0012] A temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system for a launch vehicle fairing according to the present invention comprises: Module M1: enables the sensor node to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, adaptively adjusts the node data transmission rate and the node data sending interval, and sends it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; Module M2: enables the gateway to receive wireless signals and send them to the host computer via Ethernet; Module M3: enables the host computer to receive the data frame from the gateway, parse the temperature and humidity parameters, display them in the form of numbers and curves on the interface, and send data to the base ground support system according to the agreed protocol.

[0013] Preferably, in the module M1: The sensor node is powered by a lithium battery and can collect lithium battery voltage data, and then estimate the lithium battery power through a preset algorithm, and promptly remind when the battery is low; The sensor node adopts intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption and extend the working time after a single charge; The lithium battery power estimation algorithm specifically includes: based on the lithium battery voltage estimation, 100% power corresponds to 4.2V, 20% power corresponds to 3.74V, and the power between 20% and 100% power satisfies a linear relationship with the battery voltage; 0% power corresponds to 3V, and the power between 0% and 20% power satisfies another set of linear relationships with the battery voltage.

[0014] Intermittent working mode: Intermittent working mode means that the sensor node works to upload temperature and humidity data when the gateway wakes up, and enters sleep mode after the upload is completed.

[0015] Preferably, the sensor node and the gateway communicate via the Lora network, and the gateway and the node are in inquiry mode, the gateway issues a command, and the sensor node responds to the command, so as to upload the temperature and humidity data; The transmitting and receiving frequencies of the gateway and sensor nodes can be adjusted within a preset range; Sensor node parameters can be modified using a mobile phone via NFC. By modifying the node gateway address, the sensor node can be bound to different gateways, and by modifying the node device ID, different sensor nodes can be replaced.

[0016] Preferably, the adaptive rate adjustment includes the following modules: Module A1: Initialize the basic rate at the sender and receiver; Module A2: When the sender has a data packet to send, it sends a request message frame ACK1. When the receiver receives the ACK1 frame, it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and the signal receiving strength during the receiving process. The receiver selects the optimal transmission rate based on the relationship between these two values ​​and the bit error rate in various modulation modes, and puts the selected rate information into the changed ACK1 frame when returning the ACK1 frame to the sender. When the sender receives the ACK1 frame, it extracts the rate information contained in the ACK1 frame and transmits the data packet to the receiver at this rate. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal receiving strength value during the receiving process are calculated as follows: SNR=10log(RxPower / (AcNoisePower+BkNoisePower)); Among them, RxPower is the received power, AcNoisePower is the interference noise power, and BkNoisePower is the background noise power; Select the optimal transmission rate as follows: The transmission rate is divided into several levels, and each level corresponds to a different range of signal-to-noise ratio. The higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the higher the rate. The corresponding rate level is selected by looking up the table based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio. Module A3: The sender and receiver restore the initialization rate.

[0017] Preferably, adjusting the data sending interval includes the following modules: Module B1: adopts the backoff algorithm, sets the backoff window transmission waiting time threshold w and the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. The threshold and number depend on the specific deployment scenario and the number of sensor nodes. Module B2: When the node backoff window size does not reach the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases exponentially; Module B3: When the node backoff window size reaches the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases linearly; Module B4: adjust the backoff window size based on the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. If the number of consecutive successful transmissions of a node does not exceed c times, keep the window size unchanged; Module B5: If the number of consecutive successful transmissions exceeds c times, the window size is reduced to half of the current window.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can realize wireless long-distance transmission of temperature and humidity parameters of launch vehicle fairing, reduce the time spent on wiring, and improve work efficiency; 2. The present invention can realize the monitoring of lithium battery power of sensor nodes and the prompt of insufficient power, so as to facilitate users to charge in time; 3. The intermittent working mode of the sensor node of the present invention can effectively reduce power consumption and extend the use time after a single charge; 4. The transmitting and receiving frequencies of the nodes of the present invention are adjustable, which is convenient for avoiding specific point frequencies and improving electromagnetic compatibility; 5. The sensor node of the present invention can modify parameter configuration through the mobile phone NFC method, which is convenient for users to operate; 6. The adaptive node data transmission rate regulation and backoff algorithm of the present invention adjust the node data transmission interval, which can effectively reduce the conflict between node data packets in the Lora network and improve the network throughput performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature and humidity parameter collection device inside the fairing of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the adaptive node data transmission rate adjustment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of adjusting the node data sending interval according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1: The present invention relates to the field of carrier rocket fairing environmental monitoring, and discloses a device and method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside the carrier rocket fairing. The device includes a host computer, a gateway, and a sensor node. The sensor node is used to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, and then send it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; the gateway is responsible for receiving the wireless signal, and then sending it to the monitoring host computer through Ethernet; after the host computer receives the data frame from the gateway, it parses the temperature and humidity parameters therein, and then displays them on the interface in the form of numbers and curves, and then sends the data to the base ground service system according to the agreed protocol. The method is characterized in that the node data transmission rate and the node data transmission interval are adjusted adaptively, the conflict state of the Lora wireless network is improved, and the channel utilization rate is provided.

[0024] According to a method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing provided by the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 3 ,include: Step S1: Instruct the sensor node to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, adaptively adjust the node data transmission rate and the node data sending interval, and send it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; Step S2: The gateway receives the wireless signal and sends it to the host computer via Ethernet; Step S3: The host computer receives the data frame from the gateway, analyzes the temperature and humidity parameters therein, displays them in the form of numbers and curves on the interface, and sends the data to the base ground support system according to the agreed protocol.

[0025] Specifically, in step S1: The sensor node is powered by a lithium battery and can collect lithium battery voltage data, and then estimate the lithium battery power through a preset algorithm, and promptly remind when the battery is low; The sensor node adopts intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption and extend the working time after a single charge; The lithium battery power estimation algorithm specifically includes: based on the lithium battery voltage estimation, 100% power corresponds to 4.2V, 20% power corresponds to 3.74V, and the power between 20% and 100% power satisfies a linear relationship with the battery voltage; 0% power corresponds to 3V, and the power between 0% and 20% power satisfies another set of linear relationships with the battery voltage.

[0026] Intermittent working mode: Intermittent working mode means that the sensor node works to upload temperature and humidity data when the gateway wakes up, and enters sleep mode after the upload is completed.

[0027] Specifically, the sensor nodes and the gateway communicate through the Lora network, and the gateway and the node are in inquiry mode. The gateway sends a command, and the sensor node responds to the command to upload the temperature and humidity data. The transmitting and receiving frequencies of the gateway and sensor nodes can be adjusted within a preset range; Sensor node parameters can be modified using a mobile phone via NFC. By modifying the node gateway address, the sensor node can be bound to different gateways, and by modifying the node device ID, different sensor nodes can be replaced.

[0028] Specifically, the adaptive rate adjustment includes the following steps: Step A1: The sending end and the receiving end initialize the basic rate; Step A2: When the transmitting end has a data packet to send, it sends a request message frame ACK1. When the receiving end receives the ACK1 frame, it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and the signal receiving strength in the receiving process. The receiving end selects the optimal transmission rate based on the relationship between these two values ​​and the bit error rate in various modulation modes, and puts the selected rate information into the changed ACK1 frame when returning the ACK1 frame to the transmitting end. When the transmitting end receives the ACK1 frame, it extracts the rate information contained in the ACK1 frame and transmits the data packet to the receiving end at this rate. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal receiving strength value during the receiving process are calculated as follows: SNR=10log(RxPower / (AcNoisePower+BkNoisePower)); Among them, RxPower is the received power, AcNoisePower is the interference noise power, and BkNoisePower is the background noise power; Select the optimal transmission rate as follows: The transmission rate is divided into several levels, and each level corresponds to a different range of signal-to-noise ratio. The higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the higher the rate. The corresponding rate level is selected by looking up the table based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio. Step A3: The sending end and the receiving end restore the initialization rate.

[0029] Specifically, adjusting the data sending interval includes the following steps: Step B1: adopt the backoff algorithm, set the backoff window transmission waiting time threshold w and the number of consecutive successful transmissions c, the threshold and the number depend on the specific deployment scenario and the number of sensor nodes; Step B2: When the node backoff window size does not reach the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases exponentially; Step B3: When the node backoff window size reaches the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases linearly; Step B4: adjust the backoff window size according to the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. If the number of consecutive successful transmissions of the node does not exceed c times, keep the window size unchanged; Step B5: If the number of consecutive successful transmissions exceeds c times, the window size is reduced to half of the current window.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Embodiment 2 is a preferred example of Embodiment 1, and is used to illustrate the present invention in more detail.

[0031] The present invention also provides a system for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a carrier rocket fairing. The system for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a carrier rocket fairing can be realized by executing a process module of a method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a carrier rocket fairing. That is, those skilled in the art can understand the method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a carrier rocket fairing as a preferred implementation of the system for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a carrier rocket fairing.

[0032] A temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system for a launch vehicle fairing according to the present invention comprises: Module M1: enables the sensor node to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, adaptively adjusts the node data transmission rate and the node data sending interval, and sends it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; Module M2: enables the gateway to receive wireless signals and send them to the host computer via Ethernet; Module M3: enables the host computer to receive the data frame from the gateway, parse the temperature and humidity parameters, display them in the form of numbers and curves on the interface, and send data to the base ground support system according to the agreed protocol.

[0033] Specifically, in the module M1: The sensor node is powered by a lithium battery and can collect lithium battery voltage data, and then estimate the lithium battery power through a preset algorithm, and promptly remind when the battery is low; The sensor node adopts intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption and extend the working time after a single charge; The lithium battery power estimation algorithm specifically includes: based on the lithium battery voltage estimation, 100% power corresponds to 4.2V, 20% power corresponds to 3.74V, and the power between 20% and 100% power satisfies a linear relationship with the battery voltage; 0% power corresponds to 3V, and the power between 0% and 20% power satisfies another set of linear relationships with the battery voltage.

[0034] Intermittent working mode: Intermittent working mode means that the sensor node works to upload temperature and humidity data when the gateway wakes up, and enters sleep mode after the upload is completed.

[0035] Specifically, the sensor nodes and the gateway communicate through the Lora network, and the gateway and the node are in inquiry mode. The gateway sends a command, and the sensor node responds to the command to upload the temperature and humidity data. The transmitting and receiving frequencies of the gateway and sensor nodes can be adjusted within a preset range; Sensor node parameters can be modified using a mobile phone via NFC. By modifying the node gateway address, the sensor node can be bound to different gateways, and by modifying the node device ID, different sensor nodes can be replaced.

[0036] Specifically, the adaptive rate adjustment includes the following modules: Module A1: Initialize the basic rate at the sender and receiver; Module A2: When the sender has a data packet to send, it sends a request message frame ACK1. When the receiver receives the ACK1 frame, it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and the signal receiving strength during the receiving process. The receiver selects the optimal transmission rate based on the relationship between these two values ​​and the bit error rate in various modulation modes, and puts the selected rate information into the changed ACK1 frame when returning the ACK1 frame to the sender. When the sender receives the ACK1 frame, it extracts the rate information contained in the ACK1 frame and transmits the data packet to the receiver at this rate. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal receiving strength value during the receiving process are calculated as follows: SNR=10log(RxPower / (AcNoisePower+BkNoisePower)); Among them, RxPower is the received power, AcNoisePower is the interference noise power, and BkNoisePower is the background noise power; Select the optimal transmission rate as follows: The transmission rate is divided into several levels, and each level corresponds to a different range of signal-to-noise ratio. The higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the higher the rate. The corresponding rate level is selected by looking up the table based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio. Module A3: The sender and receiver restore the initialization rate.

[0037] Specifically, adjusting the data sending interval includes the following modules: Module B1: adopts the backoff algorithm, sets the backoff window transmission waiting time threshold w and the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. The threshold and number depend on the specific deployment scenario and the number of sensor nodes. Module B2: When the node backoff window size does not reach the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases exponentially; Module B3: When the node backoff window size reaches the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases linearly; Module B4: adjust the backoff window size based on the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. If the number of consecutive successful transmissions of a node does not exceed c times, keep the window size unchanged; Module B5: If the number of consecutive successful transmissions exceeds c times, the window size is reduced to half of the current window.

[0038] Embodiment 3: Embodiment 3 is a preferred example of Embodiment 1, and is used to illustrate the present invention in more detail.

[0039] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters of a launch vehicle fairing, which is used to collect the temperature and humidity environmental parameters of the fairing and send them to the air conditioning control room through a wireless network to provide a basis for adjusting the air supply of the air conditioning.

[0040] A technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for collecting temperature and humidity parameters of a launch vehicle fairing, comprising a host computer, a gateway, and a sensor node. The sensor node is used to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, and then send it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; the gateway is responsible for receiving the wireless signal, and then sending it to the monitoring host computer through the TCP protocol; after receiving the data frame from the gateway, the host computer parses the temperature and humidity parameters therein, and then displays them in the form of numbers and curves on the interface, and saves the temperature and humidity data in a TXT file, and then sends the data to the base ground service system according to the agreed protocol.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , a device for collecting temperature and humidity parameters of a launch vehicle fairing, including a sensor node, a gateway, and a host computer.

[0042] The sensor node is used to collect the temperature and humidity parameters of the fairing. It is powered by a 18650 lithium battery and simultaneously collects the lithium battery voltage and estimates the lithium battery power through a certain algorithm. The node uses an intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption. The node parameters can be modified through the NFC method of a mobile phone.

[0043] Lora wireless communication is used between the sensor node and the gateway, and the inquiry mode is adopted. The gateway sends commands and the sensor responds to realize the uploading of temperature and humidity parameters.

[0044] The gateway communicates with the host computer via Ethernet, sending temperature and humidity parameters to the host computer, which are displayed on the interface in the form of numbers and curves. The host computer sends data to the base ground support system via Ethernet.

[0045] Specifically, the sensor node is powered by a lithium battery and can collect lithium battery voltage data, and then estimate the lithium battery power through a certain algorithm, and promptly remind when the power is low; Specifically, the sensor nodes adopt an intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption and extend the working time after a single charge; Specifically, the sensor nodes and the gateway communicate through the Lora network, and the gateway and the node are in inquiry mode. The gateway sends a command, and the sensor node responds to the command to upload the temperature and humidity data. Specifically, the transmitting and receiving frequencies of the gateway and sensor nodes can be adjusted within a certain range; Specifically, the sensor node parameters can be modified by using a mobile phone through NFC. By modifying the node gateway address, the sensor node can be bound to different gateways. By modifying the node device ID, different sensor nodes can be replaced. Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , an anti-collision algorithm for a dense Lora network of sensor nodes, characterized in that the node data transmission rate and the node data transmission interval are adjusted adaptively, comprising the following steps: When a node sends a request message packet that conflicts, the backoff algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the size of the node backoff window, and then the request message packet is sent again. After the gateway node receives the request message packet, it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and the signal reception strength during the receiving process. The receiving end selects the optimal transmission rate based on the relationship between these two values ​​and the bit error rate in various modulation methods, and puts the selected rate information into the changed ACK1 frame when returning the ACK1 frame to the sender. When the sensor node receives the ACK1 frame, it extracts the rate information contained in the ACK1 frame, and then transmits the data packet to the gateway node at this rate; after the gateway node receives the DATA data packet sent by the sensor node, it restores the ACK2 frame to the sensor node, and this communication ends.

[0046] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention can realize the collection and wireless transmission of fairing temperature and humidity parameters, and the anti-collision algorithm can effectively reduce the blocking of the Lora network and improve the channel utilization.

[0047] Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to realizing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in a purely computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to realize the same functions in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for realizing various functions can also be regarded as structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for realizing various functions can also be regarded as both software modules for realizing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0048] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing, characterized in that: include: Step S1: Instruct the sensor node to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, adaptively adjust the node data transmission rate and the node data sending interval, and send it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; Step S2: The gateway receives the wireless signal and sends it to the host computer via Ethernet; Step S3: The host computer receives the data frame from the gateway, analyzes the temperature and humidity parameters therein, displays them in the form of numbers and curves on the interface, and sends the data to the base ground support system according to the agreed protocol.

2. The method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1: The sensor node is powered by a lithium battery and can collect lithium battery voltage data, and then estimate the lithium battery power through a preset algorithm, and promptly remind when the battery is low; The sensor node adopts intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption and extend the working time after a single charge; The lithium battery power estimation algorithm specifically includes: according to the lithium battery voltage estimation, 100% power corresponds to 4.2V, 20% power corresponds to 3.74V, and the power from 20% to 100% meets the battery voltage in a linear relationship; 0% power corresponds to 3V, and the power from 0% to 20% meets another set of linear relationships with the battery voltage; Intermittent working mode: Intermittent working mode means that the sensor node works to upload temperature and humidity data when the gateway wakes up, and enters sleep mode after the upload is completed.

3. The method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor nodes and the gateway communicate through the Lora network. The gateway and the node are in inquiry mode. The gateway sends a command and the sensor node responds to the command to upload the temperature and humidity data. The transmitting and receiving frequencies of the gateway and sensor nodes can be adjusted within a preset range; Sensor node parameters can be modified using a mobile phone via NFC. By modifying the node gateway address, the sensor node can be bound to different gateways, and by modifying the node device ID, different sensor nodes can be replaced.

4. The method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adaptive rate adjustment includes the following steps: Step A1: The sending end and the receiving end initialize the basic rate; Step A2: When the transmitting end has a data packet to send, it sends a request message frame ACK1. When the receiving end receives the ACK1 frame, it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and the signal receiving strength in the receiving process. The receiving end selects the optimal transmission rate based on the relationship between these two values ​​and the bit error rate in various modulation modes, and puts the selected rate information into the changed ACK1 frame when returning the ACK1 frame to the transmitting end. When the transmitting end receives the ACK1 frame, it extracts the rate information contained in the ACK1 frame and transmits the data packet to the receiving end at this rate. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal receiving strength value during the receiving process are calculated as follows: SNR=10log(RxPower / (AcNoisePower+BkNoisePower)); Among them, RxPower is the received power, AcNoisePower is the interference noise power, and BkNoisePower is the background noise power; Select the optimal transmission rate as follows: The transmission rate is divided into several levels, and each level corresponds to a different range of signal-to-noise ratio. The higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the higher the rate. The corresponding rate level is selected by looking up the table based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio. Step A3: The sending end and the receiving end restore the initialization rate.

5. The method for collecting temperature and humidity parameters inside a launch vehicle fairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting the data sending interval includes the following steps: Step B1: adopt the backoff algorithm, set the backoff window transmission waiting time threshold w and the number of consecutive successful transmissions c, the threshold and the number depend on the specific deployment scenario and the number of sensor nodes; Step B2: When the node backoff window size does not reach the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases exponentially; Step B3: When the node backoff window size reaches the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases linearly; Step B4: adjust the backoff window size according to the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. If the number of consecutive successful transmissions of the node does not exceed c times, keep the window size unchanged; Step B5: If the number of consecutive successful transmissions exceeds c times, the window size is reduced to half of the current window.

6. A temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system for a launch vehicle fairing, characterized in that: include: Module M1: enables the sensor node to collect and measure the temperature and humidity data inside the fairing, adaptively adjusts the node data transmission rate and the node data sending interval, and sends it to the gateway through the Lora wireless network; Module M2: enables the gateway to receive wireless signals and send them to the host computer via Ethernet; Module M3: enables the host computer to receive the data frame from the gateway, parse the temperature and humidity parameters, display them in the form of numbers and curves on the interface, and send data to the base ground support system according to the agreed protocol.

7. The temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system for the internal part of the launch vehicle fairing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In the module M1: The sensor node is powered by a lithium battery and can collect lithium battery voltage data, and then estimate the lithium battery power through a preset algorithm, and promptly remind when the battery is low; The sensor node adopts intermittent working mode to reduce power consumption and extend the working time after a single charge; The lithium battery power estimation algorithm specifically includes: according to the lithium battery voltage estimation, 100% power corresponds to 4.2V, 20% power corresponds to 3.74V, and the power from 20% to 100% meets the battery voltage in a linear relationship; 0% power corresponds to 3V, and the power from 0% to 20% meets another set of linear relationships with the battery voltage; Intermittent working mode: Intermittent working mode means that the sensor node works to upload temperature and humidity data when the gateway wakes up, and enters sleep mode after the upload is completed.

8. The temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system for the internal part of the launch vehicle fairing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The sensor nodes and the gateway communicate through the Lora network. The gateway and the node are in inquiry mode. The gateway sends a command and the sensor node responds to the command to upload the temperature and humidity data. The transmitting and receiving frequencies of the gateway and sensor nodes can be adjusted within a preset range; Sensor node parameters can be modified using a mobile phone via NFC. By modifying the node gateway address, the sensor node can be bound to different gateways, and by modifying the node device ID, different sensor nodes can be replaced.

9. The temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system for the internal part of the launch vehicle fairing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Adaptive rate regulation includes the following modules: Module A1: Initialize the basic rate at the sender and receiver; Module A2: When the sender has a data packet to send, it sends a request message frame ACK1. When the receiver receives the ACK1 frame, it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and the signal receiving strength during the receiving process. The receiver selects the optimal transmission rate based on the relationship between these two values ​​and the bit error rate in various modulation modes, and puts the selected rate information into the changed ACK1 frame when returning the ACK1 frame to the sender. When the sender receives the ACK1 frame, it extracts the rate information contained in the ACK1 frame and transmits the data packet to the receiver at this rate. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal receiving strength value during the receiving process are calculated as follows: SNR=10log(RxPower / (AcNoisePower+BkNoisePower)); Among them, RxPower is the received power, AcNoisePower is the interference noise power, and BkNoisePower is the background noise power; Select the optimal transmission rate as follows: The transmission rate is divided into several levels, and each level corresponds to a different range of signal-to-noise ratio. The higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the higher the rate. The corresponding rate level is selected by looking up the table based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio. Module A3: The sender and receiver restore the initialization rate.

10. The temperature and humidity parameter acquisition system for the internal part of the launch vehicle fairing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Adjusting the data sending interval includes the following modules: Module B1: adopts the backoff algorithm, sets the backoff window transmission waiting time threshold w and the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. The threshold and number depend on the specific deployment scenario and the number of sensor nodes. Module B2: When the node backoff window size does not reach the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases exponentially; Module B3: When the node backoff window size reaches the threshold w, if a conflict occurs during data transmission, the window size increases linearly; Module B4: adjust the backoff window size based on the number of consecutive successful transmissions c. If the number of consecutive successful transmissions of a node does not exceed c times, keep the window size unchanged; Module B5: If the number of consecutive successful transmissions exceeds c times, the window size is reduced to half of the current window.

Images