Electrically-driven seed and fertilizer same-hole precise seeding device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precise seeding device which comprises a seed box, a seed metering device, a seed metering pipe, a distributor, a discharge pipe, a fertilizer box, a fertilizer metering device, a fertilizer conveying pipe, a furrow opener, a rack and a controller, a discharging port of the seed box is communicated with a feeding port of the seed sowing device, a discharging port of the seed sowing device is communicated with a feeding port of the seed sowing pipe, the lower end of the seed sowing pipe is installed at the upper end of the distributor, the discharging pipe is installed at the lower end of the distributor, a discharging port of the fertilizer box is communicated with a feeding port of the fertilizer sowing device, and a discharging port of the fertilizer sowing device is communicated with a feeding port of the fertilizer conveying pipe. The lower end of the fertilizer conveying pipe is mounted at the upper end of the distributor; the distributor and the furrow opener are mounted and fixed; the distributor comprises a shell, and a feeding hole is formed in the upper end of the shell; the problems that according to an existing mechanical seed and fertilizer same-hole seeder, after long-time operation, due to abrasion of a chain or a belt, the seeding quantity is inconsistent, the fertilizer dosage cannot be accurately controlled, waste is caused, and the seed and fertilizer synchronism is poor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an electric-driven seed-fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device. Background Art

[0002] In modern agriculture, precision seeding and fertilization is one of the key steps to improve crop yield and quality. Traditional seed and fertilizer seeders are mostly mechanically designed, and their core working parts include seeders, fertilizer dispensers, furrow openers, seed pipes, fertilizer pipes, and travel wheels. The seed and fertilizer seeder is pulled forward by a tractor, and the travel wheels drive the entire seed and fertilizer seeder. In this process, the travel wheels are connected to the seed and fertilizer dispensers through chains or belts, so that they rotate with the rotation of the travel wheels. The seeder takes the seeds out of the seed box by rotating and sends them to the furrow opened by the furrow opener through the seed pipe. At the same time, the fertilizer dispenser also releases fertilizer according to the set ratio, so that it falls into the furrow with the seeds.

[0003] Although the above-mentioned mechanical seed and fertilizer seeders can meet the needs of agricultural production to a certain extent, they have some obvious shortcomings. First, the sowing accuracy of this type of equipment is poor. Especially after long-term operation, the wear of the chain or belt will lead to inconsistent sowing amount, affecting the consistency of crop growth; secondly, mechanical seeders often cannot accurately control the amount of fertilizer, resulting in fertilizer waste, especially for expensive biological organic fertilizers, which undoubtedly increases production costs; in addition, the traditional seeder has poor synchronization between seed and fertilizer, which affects the growth effect of crops.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent an electric-driven seed-fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of inconsistent sowing amount due to chain or belt wear after long-term operation, inability to accurately control fertilizer dosage and thus causing waste, and poor synchronization of seed and fertilizer in existing mechanical seed and fertilizer same-hole seeders, the present invention provides an electric-driven seed and fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: An electric-driven seed-fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device comprises a seed box, a seed-dispensing device, a seed-dispensing pipe, a distributor, a discharge pipe, a fertilizer box, a fertilizer-dispensing device, a fertilizer delivery pipe, a furrow opener, a frame, and a controller; the discharge port of the seed box is connected with the feed port of the seed-dispensing device, the discharge port of the seed-dispensing device is connected with the feed port of the seed-dispensing pipe, the lower end of the seed-dispensing pipe is mounted on the upper end of the distributor, the discharge pipe is mounted on the lower end of the distributor, the discharge port of the fertilizer box is connected with the feed port of the fertilizer-dispensing device, the discharge port of the fertilizer-dispensing device is connected with the feed port of the fertilizer delivery pipe, the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe is mounted on the upper end of the distributor, and the seed-dispensing pipe is fixed to the furrow opener through the frame; The distributor includes a shell, an upper end of the shell is provided with a feed port, and the feed port of the shell is respectively connected with the discharge port of the seed pipe and the discharge port of the fertilizer pipe, a lower end of the shell is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port of the shell is connected with the feed port of the discharge pipe, a support shield is installed at the front end of the shell, a precision control motor is installed at the front end of the support shield, a driving cam is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the precision control motor, a left driven cross bar and a right driven cross bar are rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the shell, the left driven cross bar and the right driven cross bar are rotatably connected through a connecting piece, the driving cam is transmission-connected to the right driven cross bar, a left distribution plate is fixed on the left driven cross bar, a right distribution plate is fixed on the right driven cross bar, the left distribution plate and the right distribution plate are arranged opposite to each other, and the opposite ends of the left distribution plate and the right distribution plate are fitted together, a left return spring is installed between the left driven cross bar and the shell, and a right return spring is installed between the right driven cross bar and the shell; the controller is electrically connected to the precision control motor.

[0007] Furthermore, the left distribution plate and the right distribution plate are both concave and arranged opposite to each other, and the left distribution plate and the right distribution plate cooperate to form a concave seed fertilizer trough.

[0008] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the connecting piece, a slide rod is horizontally fixed to the front end of the right driven cross bar, the rear end of the slide rod is slidably connected in the slide groove, the front end of the slide rod contacts the protrusion of the driving cam, and the connecting piece is rotationally connected to the left driven cross bar.

[0009] Furthermore, dust baffles are installed on the left side and the right side of the shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the seed metering device is an electrically driven air-suction type seed metering disc, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor of the electrically driven air-suction type seed metering disc and the seed metering sensor of the electrically driven air-suction type seed metering disc respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the fertilizer discharger is an electric-driven fertilizer discharger, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger and the flow sensor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the furrow opener is a disc furrow opener.

[0013] Furthermore, the controller is a single chip microcomputer.

[0014] The structural design of the present invention is reasonable and reliable. Through the combination of precise mechanical structure and electronic control system, accurate quantification and positioning of seeds and fertilizers are achieved, and the problem of inconsistent sowing amount caused by chain or belt wear of traditional mechanical equipment is solved. Since the distributor can control the input of seeds and fertilizers at the same time and the conveying path is short, it is ensured that both enter the seed hole synchronously, which is beneficial to the growth and development of crops; at the same time, through the precise control of the amount of fertilizer, especially for expensive biological organic fertilizers, the amount of fertilizer used is significantly reduced, and the agricultural production cost is reduced; in addition, the compact and lightweight design plus the efficient internal transmission mechanism are not only easy to install and move, but also reduce the requirements for traction machinery, so that the distributor can complete a large number of sowing tasks in a short time, thereby improving the working efficiency of the entire sowing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0017] Figure 3 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributor in the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributor in the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributor in the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0021] In the figure: 1. Seed box; 2. Seeder; 3. Distributor; 4. Discharge pipe; 5. Fertilizer box; 6. Fertilizer distributor; 7. Fertilizer delivery pipe; 8. Furrow opener; 9. Shell; 10. Support shield; 11. Precision control motor; 12. Driving cam; 13. Left driven cross bar; 14. Right driven cross bar; 15. Connector; 16. Left distribution plate; 17. Right distribution plate; 18. Left return spring; 19. Right return spring; 20. Slide; 21. Slide bar; 22. Dust baffle; 23. Seed tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] An electric drive type seed and fertilizer same hole precision sowing device, as shown in the attached Figure 1 ~Attached Figure 6As shown, it includes a seed box 1, a seed meter 2, a seed metering pipe 23, a distributor 3, a discharge pipe 4, a fertilizer box 5, a fertilizer meter 6, a fertilizer delivery pipe 7, a furrow opener 8, a frame, and a controller; the discharge port of the seed box 1 is connected to the feed port of the seed meter 2, the discharge port of the seed meter 2 is connected to the feed port of the seed metering pipe 23, the lower end of the seed metering pipe 23 is installed on the upper end of the distributor 3, the discharge pipe 4 is installed on the lower end of the distributor 3, the discharge port of the fertilizer box 5 is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer meter 6, the discharge port of the fertilizer meter 6 is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer delivery pipe 7, the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe 7 is installed on the upper end of the distributor 3, and the seed metering pipe 23 is fixed to the furrow opener 8 through the frame.

[0023] In the present invention, the seed discharger 2 and the seed discharge pipe 23 constitute a material transmission path for seeds from the seed box 1 to the distributor 3, and the fertilizer discharger 6 and the fertilizer delivery pipe 7 constitute a material transmission path for fertilizers from the fertilizer box 5 to the distributor 3.

[0024] The distributor 3 includes a shell 9, the upper end of the shell 9 is provided with a feed port, and the feed port of the shell 9 is respectively connected with the discharge port of the seeding tube 23 and the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery tube 7, the lower end of the shell 9 is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port of the shell 9 is connected with the feed port of the discharge tube 4, the front end of the shell 9 is installed with a support shield 10, the front end of the support shield 10 is installed with a precision control motor 11, the end of the output shaft of the precision control motor 11 is fixed with a driving cam 12, the inner cavity of the shell 9 is rotatably connected with a left driven cross bar 13 and a right driven cross bar 14, the left driven cross bar 13 is connected with a left driven cross bar 14, and the left driven cross bar 13 is connected with a right driven cross bar 14. The cross bar 13 and the right driven cross bar 14 are rotatably connected through the connecting piece 15, the driving cam 12 is transmission-connected with the right driven cross bar 14, a left distribution plate 16 is fixed on the left driven cross bar 13, and a right distribution plate 17 is fixed on the right driven cross bar 14, the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are arranged opposite to each other, and the opposite ends of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are fitted together, a left return spring 18 is installed between the left driven cross bar 13 and the shell 9, and a right return spring 19 is installed between the right driven cross bar 14 and the shell 9; the controller is electrically connected to the precision control motor 11.

[0025] The left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are both concave and arranged opposite to each other, and the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 cooperate to form a concave seed fertilizer trough.

[0026] The feed port provided at the upper end of the shell 9 of the distributor 3 is used to receive the seeds discharged by the seed discharge tube 23 and the fertilizer transported by the fertilizer delivery tube 7, so that the seeds and fertilizers enter the concave seed and fertilizer trough formed by the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17; the lower end of the shell 9 is provided with a discharge port connected to the feed port of the discharge pipe 4, so that the processed material can be delivered into the seed hole opened by the furrow opener 8. Since the distance from the discharge of seeds and fertilizers to the entry into the soil is very short, the possibility of loss or deviation of seeds and fertilizers from the predetermined position during the transmission process is reduced. This design ensures that seeds and fertilizers can be accurately put into the seed hole opened by the furrow opener 8, thereby improving the accuracy of sowing.

[0027] In the present invention, the housing 9, the support shield 10, the precision control motor 11, the driving cam 12, the left driven cross bar 13, the right driven cross bar 14, the connecting piece 15, the left distribution plate 16, the right distribution plate 17, the left return spring 18, and the right return spring 19 together constitute a precise distribution mechanism for controlling the delivery process of seeds and fertilizers. Through the instructions of the controller, the precision control motor 11 drives the driving cam 12 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting piece 15 and the left driven cross bar 13 and the right driven cross bar 14 connected thereto to rotate toward each other, so as to realize the precise control of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 from the closed state to the open state, and the left return spring 18 is used to control the delivery process of seeds and fertilizers. The right reset spring 18 and the right return spring 19 ensure the automatic recovery of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 from the open state to the closed state. This process ensures that the seeds and fertilizers can accurately fall into the predetermined position each time sowing, thereby realizing the precise positioning of the seeds and fertilizers. Since the distributor 3 can control the input of seeds and fertilizers at the same time, ensuring that both enter the seed hole synchronously, it is beneficial to the growth and development of crops. In addition, the compact and lightweight design coupled with the efficient internal transmission mechanism not only facilitates installation and movement, but also reduces the requirements for traction machinery, so that the distributor 3 can complete a large number of sowing tasks in a short time, thereby improving the working efficiency of the entire sowing device.

[0028] The connecting member 15 is provided with a slide groove 20, a slide bar 21 is horizontally fixed to the front end of the right driven cross bar 14, the rear end of the slide bar 21 is slidably connected in the slide groove 20, the front end of the slide bar 21 contacts the protrusion of the driving cam 12, and the connecting member 15 is rotationally connected to the left driven cross bar 13.

[0029] The structural design of the slide groove 20 and the slide rod 21 allows the right driven cross bar 14 to slide appropriately according to the action of the driving cam 12, so as to better control the opening and closing actions of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17.

[0030] Dust baffles 22 are installed on the left and right sides of the housing 9 .

[0031] The structural design of the dust baffle 22 can protect the internal structure of the shell 9 from being affected by external soil or debris, thereby extending the service life of the seeding device, while keeping the working environment clean, which helps to improve seeding accuracy.

[0032] The seed metering device 2 is an electrically driven air suction type seed metering disc, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor of the electrically driven air suction type seed metering disc and the seed metering sensor of the electrically driven air suction type seed metering disc respectively.

[0033] The fertilizer discharger 6 is an electric-driven fertilizer discharger, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger and the flow sensor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger respectively.

[0034] The electric-driven air-suction seed tray and the electric-driven fertilizer dispenser can accurately control the discharge amount of seeds and fertilizers, solving the problem of inconsistent sowing amount caused by chain or belt wear in traditional mechanical equipment. At the same time, through precise control of fertilizer usage, especially for expensive biological organic fertilizers, it significantly reduces the use of fertilizers and reduces agricultural production costs.

[0035] The furrow opener 8 is a disc furrow opener.

[0036] The controller is a single chip microcomputer.

[0037] When in use, first put the seeds into the seed box 1, the fertilizer into the fertilizer box 5, and connect the disc furrow opener to the tractor, and then the tractor pulls the sowing device forward. At this time, the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 remain in a closed state, the controller starts the electric-driven air-suction seed disc and sends a seed into the seed-fertilizer trough through the seed tube 23, and at the same time, the controller starts the electric-driven fertilizer discharger and sends a set amount of fertilizer into the seed-fertilizer trough through the fertilizer delivery pipe 7. When the sowing device reaches the seed hole, the controller starts the precision control motor 11, and the output shaft of the precision control motor 11 rotates and drives the driving cam 12 to rotate. The protrusion of the driving cam 12 gradually approaches and pushes the sliding rod 21, and the sliding rod 21 slides along the sliding groove 20 and drives the right driven cross bar 14 to rotate inward. Since the left driven cross bar 13 and the right driven cross bar 14 are rotatably connected by the connecting piece 15, the left driven cross bar 13 and the right driven cross bar 14 are The rods 14 rotate towards each other at the same time, and at the same time, the left driven cross bar 13 and the right driven cross bar 14 respectively drive the corresponding left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 to rotate inward and open at the same time. At this time, the seeds and fertilizers in the seed and fertilizer groove are accurately put into the seed hole through the discharge pipe 4, and the driving cam 12 continues to rotate, and its protrusion gradually leaves the slide bar 21, and no longer applies thrust to the slide bar 21. In the absence of external force, the restoring force of the left return spring 18 and the right return spring 19 pulls the left driven cross bar 13 and the right driven cross bar 14 back to their original positions, so that the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are closed again, preparing for the next sowing, thereby completing the use of the sowing device; overcoming the problems of the existing mechanical seed and fertilizer same-hole seeder, such as inconsistent sowing amount due to chain or belt wear after long-term operation, inability to accurately control fertilizer dosage and thus waste, and poor synchronization of seed and fertilizer.

[0038] During the specific implementation process, the sowing device is close to the ground, so that it can more directly and stably put seeds and fertilizers into the seed holes. This method helps to achieve higher sowing accuracy.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electric-driven seed and fertilizer precise sowing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a seed box (1), a seeding device (2), a seeding pipe (23), a distributor (3), a discharge pipe (4), a fertilizer box (5), a fertilizer discharging device (6), a fertilizer delivery pipe (7), a furrow opener (8), a frame, and a controller; the discharge port of the seed box (1) is connected to the feed port of the seeding device (2), the discharge port of the seeding device (2) is connected to the feed port of the seeding pipe (23), the lower end of the seeding pipe (23) is mounted on the upper end of the distributor (3), the discharge pipe (4) is mounted on the lower end of the distributor (3), the discharge port of the fertilizer box (5) is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer discharging device (6), the discharge port of the fertilizer discharging device (6) is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer delivery pipe (7), the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe (7) is mounted on the upper end of the distributor (3), and the seeding pipe (23) is fixed to the furrow opener (8) through the frame; The distributor (3) comprises a shell (9), the upper end of the shell (9) is provided with a feed port, and the feed port of the shell (9) is respectively connected to the discharge port of the seed discharging pipe (23) and the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery pipe (7), the lower end of the shell (9) is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port of the shell (9) is connected to the feed port of the discharge pipe (4), the front end of the shell (9) is provided with a support shield (10), the front end of the support shield (10) is provided with a precision control motor (11), the end of the output shaft of the precision control motor (11) is fixed with a driving cam (12), the inner cavity of the shell (9) is rotatably connected to a left driven cross bar (13) and a right driven cross bar (14), the left driven cross bar (13) and the right driven cross bar (14) are rotationally connected through a connecting piece (15), the driving cam (12) is transmission-connected to the right driven cross bar (14), a left distribution plate (16) is fixed on the left driven cross bar (13), a right distribution plate (17) is fixed on the right driven cross bar (14), the left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) are arranged opposite to each other, and the opposite ends of the left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) are in contact with each other, a left return spring (18) is installed between the left driven cross bar (13) and the housing (9), and a right return spring (19) is installed between the right driven cross bar (14) and the housing (9); the controller is electrically connected to the precision control motor (11).

2. The electric-driven seed and fertilizer precise sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) are both concave and arranged opposite to each other, and the left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) cooperate to form a concave seed fertilizer trough.

3. The electric-driven seed and fertilizer precise sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member (15) is provided with a slide groove (20), a slide rod (21) is horizontally fixed to the front end of the right driven cross bar (14), the rear end of the slide rod (21) is slidably connected in the slide groove (20), the front end of the slide rod (21) contacts the protrusion of the driving cam (12), and the connecting member (15) is rotationally connected to the left driven cross bar (13).

4. The electrically driven seed and fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Dust baffles (22) are installed on the left side and the right side of the shell (9).

5. The electric-driven seed and fertilizer precise sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed meter (2) is an electrically driven air suction type seed metering disc, and the controller is electrically connected to a motor of the electrically driven air suction type seed metering disc and a seed metering sensor of the electrically driven air suction type seed metering disc, respectively.

6. The electric-driven seed and fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharger (6) is an electrically driven fertilizer discharger, and the controller is electrically connected to a motor of the electrically driven fertilizer discharger and a flow sensor of the electrically driven fertilizer discharger, respectively.

7. The electrically driven seed and fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrow opener (8) is a disc furrow opener.

8. The electrically driven seed and fertilizer same-hole precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is a single chip microcomputer.

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