Power battery protection device and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a power battery protection device and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles. The power battery protection device provided by the present invention includes: a cavity shell, a suspension telescopic device and a sealing bottom plate; the cavity shell has an inner cavity for installing a battery pack body, and the bottom of the cavity shell is provided with an opening adapted to the sealing bottom plate; one end of the suspension telescopic device is connected to the cavity shell or the battery pack body, and the other end of the suspension telescopic device is connected to the sealing bottom plate. When the battery pack body generates thermal runaway, the suspension telescopic device can release or drive the sealing bottom plate, so that the sealing bottom plate blocks the opening at the bottom of the cavity shell, which can cut off the circulating air, thereby isolating the battery pack body from external oxygen, and can timely prevent the battery from spontaneous combustion, reducing accident losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a power battery protection device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles basically covers all aspects of the parking, charging and driving process, which means that the battery is at risk of spontaneous combustion in various states. Once a new energy vehicle spontaneously combusts, it will quickly burn the vehicle in a short time, posing a great threat to the safety of people and vehicles.

[0003] At present, new energy vehicle manufacturers mainly use temperature control and cooling to prevent accidents with power batteries. When the battery pack gets out of control and explodes, the circuits of the temperature control system and the cooling system itself will quickly burn out, causing the protective performance of the battery pack to fail, thereby losing protection for the vehicle and personnel, resulting in accidents that are still difficult to effectively control. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a power battery protection device and a vehicle to alleviate the technical problem in the prior art that thermal runaway of power batteries is prone to explosion.

[0005] In a first aspect, the power battery protection device provided by the present invention comprises: a cavity shell, a suspension telescopic device and a sealing bottom plate;

[0006] The cavity shell has an inner cavity for mounting the battery pack body, and the bottom of the cavity shell is provided with an opening adapted to the sealing bottom plate;

[0007] One end of the suspension expansion device is connected to the cavity shell or the battery pack body, and the other end of the suspension expansion device is connected to the sealing bottom plate.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein a supporting plate is connected to the bottom of the chamber shell, and the supporting plate is spaced apart from the sealing bottom plate.

[0009] In combination with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the supporting plate has an inner circle opening, and the inner circle opening is located inside the projection of the sealing bottom plate in the plumb direction.

[0010] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a third possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the supporting plate is connected to a dustproof filter, and the dustproof filter covers the inner ring opening.

[0011] In combination with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein a wind deflecting plate is connected below the supporting plate;

[0012] The air induction plate is connected with a reset plate, and a reset spring is connected between the reset plate and the sealing bottom plate. The reset spring has a tendency to pull the sealing bottom plate and make the sealing bottom plate fit the supporting plate.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the suspension telescopic device comprises: a suspension frame and a suspension telescopic rod;

[0014] The hanging bracket is connected to the cavity shell or the battery pack body, and one end of the hanging telescopic rod is connected to the hanging bracket and the other end is connected to the sealing bottom plate.

[0015] In combination with the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein a first thermal expansion device is provided inside the suspension telescopic rod to extend the suspension telescopic rod when heated.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein both opposite side walls of the cavity shell are provided with an upper sliding hole and a lower sliding hole arranged vertically;

[0017] An upper trigger plate is inserted into the upper sliding hole, a lower supporting plate is inserted into the lower sliding hole, the upper trigger plate and the lower supporting plate are connected via a linkage plate, and the sealing bottom plate is located between the upper trigger plate and the lower supporting plate;

[0018] The two opposite upper trigger plates are connected by a trigger telescopic rod.

[0019] In combination with the seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides an eighth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the trigger telescopic rod comprises: a fixing portion, a telescopic portion, and a second thermal expansion device;

[0020] The telescopic parts are respectively inserted at both ends of the fixing part, the second thermal expansion device is installed in the fixing part, and the second thermal expansion device abuts between the two telescopic parts.

[0021] In combination with the seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein an outer shell is connected to the outside of the cavity shell, and a pre-tensioning spring is connected between the outer shell and the linkage plate, and the pre-tensioning spring has a tendency to push the linkage plate and keep the upper trigger plate and the lower support plate inserted inside the cavity shell.

[0022] In combination with the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the trigger telescopic rod is connected to a heat conductive frame, and the heat conductive frame is used to connect the battery pack body.

[0023] In combination with the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides an eleventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein friction-reducing rollers are respectively installed on the opposite surfaces of the upper trigger plate and the lower supporting plate.

[0024] In a second aspect, the vehicle provided by the present invention is equipped with the power battery protection device recorded in the first aspect.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention bring about the following beneficial effects: the battery pack body is installed in the inner cavity of the cavity shell, and the bottom of the cavity shell is provided with an opening adapted to the sealing bottom plate, one end of the suspension telescopic device is connected to the cavity shell or the battery pack body, and the other end of the suspension telescopic device is connected to the sealing bottom plate. When the battery pack body produces thermal runaway, the suspension telescopic device can release or drive the sealing bottom plate, so that the sealing bottom plate blocks the opening at the bottom of the cavity shell, which can cut off the circulating air, thereby isolating the battery pack body from external oxygen, thereby preventing the battery from spontaneously combusting in time and reducing accident losses.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a power battery protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a power battery protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power battery protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention with a support plate, a dust filter and an air induction plate removed;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a power battery protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention with a support plate, a dust filter, an air induction plate and a sealing bottom plate removed;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of position A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a trigger telescopic rod of a power battery protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a trigger plate, a supporting plate, a linkage plate, an outer casing, a preload spring and a wear-reducing roller of a power battery protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a storage box and a storage bag of a power battery protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Icons: 1- cavity shell; 101- upper sliding hole; 102- lower sliding hole; 2- battery pack body; 3- hanging frame; 4- hanging telescopic rod; 5- sealing bottom plate; 6- supporting plate; 7- trigger telescopic rod; 701- fixing part; 702- telescopic part; 703- second thermal expansion device; 8- upper trigger plate; 9- lower supporting plate; 10- linkage plate; 11- outer shell; 12- preload spring; 13- friction reducing roller; 14- heat conducting frame; 15- air induction plate; 16- dust filter; 17- reset plate; 18- reset spring; 19- storage box; 1901- air window; 20- storage bag; 21- sealing frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Physical quantities in formulas, if not separately marked, should be understood as basic quantities of the base units of the International System of Units, or derived quantities derived from the basic quantities through mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, differentiation or integration.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the power battery protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cavity shell 1, a suspension telescopic device and a sealing bottom plate 5; the cavity shell 1 has an inner cavity for installing the battery pack body 2, and the bottom of the cavity shell 1 is provided with an opening adapted to the sealing bottom plate 5; one end of the suspension telescopic device is connected to the cavity shell 1 or the battery pack body 2, and the other end of the suspension telescopic device is connected to the sealing bottom plate 5.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the sealing bottom plate 5 can be adapted to cover the opening at the bottom of the cavity shell 1. When the battery pack body produces thermal runaway, the suspension telescopic device can release or drive the sealing bottom plate 5, so that the sealing bottom plate 5 blocks the opening at the bottom of the cavity shell 1, and can cut off the circulating air, thereby isolating the battery pack body 2 from external oxygen, thereby preventing the battery from spontaneously combusting in time and reducing the loss caused by the accident.

[0042] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a supporting plate 6 is connected to the bottom of the cavity shell 1, and the supporting plate 6 is spaced apart from the sealing bottom plate 5. In the initial state, air can flow through the gap between the supporting plate 6 and the sealing bottom plate 5, thereby ensuring that the battery pack body 2 can exhaust and dissipate heat. When the sealing bottom plate 5 is released and driven down, the sealing bottom plate 5 can be attached to the supporting plate 6, thereby achieving the blocking of the opening at the bottom of the cavity shell 1.

[0043] It should be noted that the supporting plate 6 has an inner ring opening, and the inner ring opening is located inside the projection of the sealing bottom plate 5 in the plumb direction, thereby ensuring that the sealing bottom plate 5 can completely cover the inner ring opening, thereby achieving sealing.

[0044] In addition, when the battery pack body 2 thermally runs away, the air inside the cavity shell 1 expands, making the connection between the sealing bottom plate 5 and the U-shaped supporting plate 6 tighter.

[0045] See also Figure 3A sealing frame 21 is connected to the bottom of the sealing bottom plate 5, and a frame-shaped groove corresponding to the sealing frame 21 is provided on the supporting plate 6. When the sealing bottom plate 5 falls and contacts the supporting plate 6, the sealing frame 21 at the bottom of the sealing bottom plate 5 will be stuck in the frame-shaped groove on the sealing frame 21, thereby improving the sealing between the sealing bottom plate 5 and the U-shaped supporting plate 6.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the support plate 6 is connected to a dust filter 16, which covers the inner circle opening and is used to filter out dust entrained by the airflow during the driving of the car, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the internal environment of the cavity shell 1.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an air induced draft plate 15 is connected below the supporting plate 6 ; the air induced draft plate 15 is connected to a reset plate 17 , and a reset spring 18 is connected between the reset plate 17 and the sealing bottom plate 5 , and the reset spring 18 has a tendency to pull the sealing bottom plate 5 and make the sealing bottom plate 5 fit the supporting plate 6 .

[0048] Specifically, a through hole corresponding to the position of the reset spring 18 is opened on the dust filter 16, and a ring is installed on the inner circle of the through hole. The fixed end of the reset spring 18 is fixed inside the ring, and the telescopic end of the reset spring 18 extends to the inside of the cavity shell 1 and is installed at the bottom of the sealing bottom plate 5, so that the reset spring 18 applies an elastic pre-tightening force to the sealing bottom plate 5. When the lower support plate 9 is separated from the sealing bottom plate 5, the sealing bottom plate 5 will fall rapidly under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the reset spring 18 and fit with the U-shaped support plate 6, so that the sealing bottom plate 5 and the U-shaped support plate 6 are more tightly connected.

[0049] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the suspension telescopic device includes: a suspension frame 3 and a suspension telescopic rod 4; the suspension frame 3 is connected to the cavity shell 1 or the battery pack body 2, and one end of the suspension telescopic rod 4 is connected to the suspension frame 3 and the other end is connected to the sealing bottom plate 5.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the suspension telescopic rod 4 can be electrically driven. The controller controls the extension of the suspension telescopic rod 4 according to the temperature signal when the temperature exceeds a preset value, thereby driving the sealing bottom plate 5 to move and block the opening at the bottom of the cavity shell 1.

[0051] In another optional embodiment, a first thermal expansion device is provided inside the suspension telescopic rod 4 to extend the suspension telescopic rod 4 when heated, without the need for electrical control intervention. The temperature rise during thermal runaway is utilized to cause the first thermal expansion device to expand when heated, thereby achieving the extension of the suspension telescopic rod 4, and further driving the sealing bottom plate 5 to move downward and seal the opening at the bottom of the cavity shell 1.

[0052] like Figure 4 , Figure 5and Figure 7 As shown, the two opposite side walls of the cavity shell 1 are provided with an upper sliding hole 101 and a lower sliding hole 102 arranged in an upper and lower direction; an upper trigger plate 8 is inserted in the upper sliding hole 101, and a lower supporting plate 9 is inserted in the lower sliding hole 102. The upper trigger plate 8 and the lower supporting plate 9 are connected by a linkage plate 10, and the sealing bottom plate 5 is located between the upper trigger plate 8 and the lower supporting plate 9; the two opposite upper trigger plates 8 are connected by a trigger telescopic rod 7.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the trigger telescopic rod 7 can be electrically controlled to achieve telescopic control.

[0054] In this embodiment, see Figure 6 The trigger telescopic rod 7 includes: a fixed part 701, a telescopic part 702 and a second thermal expansion device 703; the telescopic parts 702 are respectively inserted at both ends of the fixed part 701, the second thermal expansion device 703 is installed in the fixed part 701, and the second thermal expansion device 703 abuts between the two telescopic parts 702.

[0055] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the trigger telescopic rod 7 is extended, the trigger telescopic rod 7 can push the upper trigger plate 8, and then drive the lower supporting plate 9 to slide toward the outside of the cavity shell 1 through the linkage plate 10, and the lower supporting plate 9 will be separated from the sealing bottom plate 5, so that the sealing bottom plate 5 can fall smoothly when thermal runaway occurs.

[0056] Furthermore, an outer shell 11 is connected to the outside of the cavity shell 1, and a preload spring 12 is connected between the outer shell 11 and the linkage plate 10. The preload spring 12 has a tendency to push the linkage plate 10 and keep the upper trigger plate 8 and the lower support plate 9 inserted into the cavity shell 1. The preload spring 12 can push the linkage plate 10, thereby ensuring that the lower support plate 9 maintains a state of supporting the sealing bottom plate 5 in the initial state.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the trigger telescopic rod 7 is connected to a heat-conducting frame 14, and the heat-conducting frame 14 is used to connect the battery pack body 2. The heat-conducting frame 14 can timely introduce the heat of each battery module into the trigger telescopic rod 7, which can slow down the temperature rise of the battery pack body 2 on the one hand, and improve the sensitivity of the trigger telescopic rod 7 to heat up and extend on the other hand.

[0058] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the surfaces opposite to the upper trigger plate 8 and the lower support plate 9 are respectively provided with anti-friction rollers 13. The anti-friction rollers 13 can make the relative sliding between the lower support plate 9 and the sealing bottom plate 5 smoother, and the upper trigger plate 8 is more easily pushed by the trigger telescopic rod 7.

[0059] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, storage boxes 19 of different shapes and specifications are installed on each inner wall of the cavity shell 1, and a storage bag 20 is placed inside the storage box 19. The storage bag 20 is filled with fire-proof materials. A ventilation window 1901 is opened on the side of the storage box 19 facing the battery pack body 2. When the battery pack body 2 spontaneously ignites due to thermal runaway, the flame will burn through the storage bag 20 through the ventilation window 1901, causing the fire-proof materials inside the storage bag 20 to decompose due to heat, releasing a large amount of inert gas and filling the internal space of the closed cavity shell 1, diluting the combustible gas released by the battery pack body 2 and greatly reducing the internal temperature, thereby delaying or even stopping the spontaneous combustion process of the battery pack body 2.

[0060] The vehicle described in this implementation manner is equipped with the power battery protection device described in the above embodiment, so the vehicle has the technical advantages of the power battery protection device, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power battery protection device, characterized in that: include: Cavity shell (1), suspension telescopic device and sealing bottom plate (5); The cavity shell (1) has an inner cavity for mounting a battery pack body (2), and the bottom of the cavity shell (1) is provided with an opening adapted to fit the sealing bottom plate (5); One end of the suspension expansion device is connected to the cavity shell (1) or the battery pack body (2), and the other end of the suspension expansion device is connected to the sealing bottom plate (5); The cavity shell (1) has two opposite side walls each provided with an upper sliding hole (101) and a lower sliding hole (102) arranged vertically; An upper trigger plate (8) is inserted into the upper sliding hole (101), a lower support plate (9) is inserted into the lower sliding hole (102), the upper trigger plate (8) and the lower support plate (9) are connected via a linkage plate (10), and the sealing bottom plate (5) is located between the upper trigger plate (8) and the lower support plate (9); The two opposite upper trigger plates (8) are connected via a trigger telescopic rod (7).

2. The power battery protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting plate (6) is connected to the bottom of the cavity shell (1), and the supporting plate (6) is spaced apart from the sealing bottom plate (5).

3. The power battery protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting plate (6) has an inner ring opening, and the inner ring opening is located inside the projection of the sealing bottom plate (5) in the plumb bob direction.

4. The power battery protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support plate (6) is connected to a dustproof filter (16), and the dustproof filter (16) covers the inner ring opening.

5. The power battery protection device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: A draft plate (15) is connected below the support plate (6); The air induction plate (15) is connected to a reset plate (17), and a reset spring (18) is connected between the reset plate (17) and the sealing bottom plate (5), and the reset spring (18) has a tendency to pull the sealing bottom plate (5) and make the sealing bottom plate (5) fit the supporting plate (6).

6. The power battery protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension telescopic device comprises: a suspension frame (3) and a suspension telescopic rod (4); The suspension frame (3) is connected to the cavity shell (1) or the battery pack body (2); one end of the suspension telescopic rod (4) is connected to the suspension frame (3) and the other end is connected to the sealing bottom plate (5).

7. The power battery protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first thermal expansion device is provided inside the suspension telescopic rod (4) for extending the suspension telescopic rod (4) when heated.

8. The power battery protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger telescopic rod (7) comprises: a fixing portion (701), a telescopic portion (702) and a second thermal expansion device (703); The telescopic parts (702) are respectively inserted into the two ends of the fixed part (701), the second thermal expansion device (703) is installed in the fixed part (701), and the second thermal expansion device (703) is abutted between the two telescopic parts (702).

9. The power battery protection device according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: An outer shell (11) is connected to the outside of the cavity shell (1), and a preload spring (12) is connected between the outer shell (11) and the linkage plate (10). The preload spring (12) has a tendency to push the linkage plate (10) and keep the upper trigger plate (8) and the lower support plate (9) inserted into the cavity shell (1).

10. The power battery protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger telescopic rod (7) is connected to a heat-conducting frame (14), and the heat-conducting frame (14) is used to be connected to the battery pack body (2).

11. The power battery protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Friction-reducing rollers (13) are respectively installed on the opposing surfaces of the upper trigger plate (8) and the lower support plate (9).

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with the power battery protection device according to any one of claims 1-11.

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