Microorganism domestication, propagation and compounding multifunctional fermentation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of treatment of solid organic wastes by a microbiological method, and discloses a microbial acclimation, propagation and compounding multifunctional fermentation system, which comprises a heat insulation box (1), an air compressor (2), a flow meter (3), a fermentation tank (4), an aeration stone (5) and a support plate (6), wherein the heat preservation box (1) is connected with the air compressor (2), the air compressor (2) is connected with the flow meter (3), the fermentation tank (4) is arranged in the heat preservation box (1) and connected with the flow meter (3), and the aeration stone (5) and the supporting plate (6) are not arranged in the fermentation tank (4) at the same time. According to the microbial acclimation, propagation and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided by the invention, the aeration stone and the supporting plate are flexibly arranged, so that the multifunctional fermentation system disclosed by the invention can be used for acclimation / propagation of microorganisms in a high-temperature sterile environment, and can also meet the microbial agent compounding requirement in the aerobic composting process of solid organic wastes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microbial treatment of solid organic waste, and in particular to a multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic fermentation technology is an effective way to realize the resource utilization of solid organic waste. It can transform perishable garbage, such as kitchen waste and waste vegetables, through the transformation of microorganisms, and eventually form compost products such as humus. The compost products can be used as fertilizers, which have the advantages of improving soil structure, maintaining soil physical and chemical properties, and regulating soil microbial balance.

[0003] In the aerobic fermentation technology of solid organic waste, microorganisms are the core of aerobic composting technology and the key driving factor of compost decomposition. Adding exogenous microbial agents during the composting process can promote the diversity of microbial communities and stimulate the proliferation of beneficial bacteria.

[0004] Exogenous microbial agents are generally obtained through the domestication / expansion of agents. At present, the commonly used equipment for domestication of agents is shakers and water bath constant temperature shaking equipment. Among them, the long-term working temperature of the shaker is mostly below 55°C, and it cannot be used to domesticate high-temperature resistant microbial agents (for example, thermophilic microorganisms that can withstand temperatures above 60°C). Although water bath constant temperature shaking equipment can domesticate thermophilic bacteria, its capacity is limited and it is difficult to maintain a sterile environment. Moreover, shake bottles are often used in shakers and water bath constant temperature shaking equipment. The amount of liquid in the shake bottle generally does not exceed 2 / 3 of the bottle volume. In order to increase dissolved oxygen, a larger liquid surface is required. Therefore, when microorganisms are cultured at a higher temperature, the nutrient solution evaporates faster, and the long domestication process requires multiple additions of nutrient solution, which increases the risk of contamination.

[0005] The expansion of bacterial agents is mostly carried out in fermentation tanks, but the existing fermentation tanks have relatively single functions and cannot achieve compounding between dominant strains under specific needs. Aerobic composting processes often require the addition of exogenous compounded bacterial agents to improve composting and promote decomposition. The development and compounding of bacterial agents are mostly carried out under laboratory conditions, which are quite different from the actual application environment. The actual composting environment can improve the accuracy of bacterial agent compounding, but if the volume of the pile is too small, the temperature dissipates quickly, and it is difficult to achieve natural heating to complete the composting process. Therefore, the actual composting process pile is generally large. This large volume of pile requires a large amount of microbial agents to be repeatedly tested, which makes it difficult to accurately control the reaction conditions, increase the cost of microbial input, and is difficult to conduct batch experiments, which is not conducive to the detailed study of process parameters and the development of microbial agents, thereby limiting the development of microbial agents to improve aerobic composting processes. Moreover, if the leachate generated during aerobic composting is not collected and discharged in time, it is easy to form an anaerobic area, which is not conducive to the fermentation process.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a multifunctional fermentation device that can not only conduct research on the domestication / expansion of microorganisms in a high-temperature sterile environment, but also conduct research on the compounding of bacterial agents during aerobic composting of solid organic waste. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the present invention provides a multifunctional fermentation device for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding. The multifunctional fermentation device for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding provided in the present invention, through the flexible arrangement of aeration stones and support plates, enables the multifunctional fermentation system in the present invention to perform both microbial domestication / expansion in a high-temperature sterile environment and bacterial agent compounding research in the process of solid organic waste composting, and has the advantages of simple equipment, easy operation, and wide application range.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding, wherein the system comprises an insulated box 1, an air compressor 2, a flow meter 3, a fermentation tank 4, an aeration stone 5 and a support plate 6; wherein the insulated box 1 is connected to the air compressor 2, the air compressor 2 is connected to the flow meter 3, the fermentation tank 4 is arranged in the insulated box 1, and is connected to the flow meter 3;

[0009] Wherein, the aeration stone 5 and the support plate 6 are not arranged in the fermentation tank 4 at the same time;

[0010] When the aeration stone 5 is arranged in the fermentation tank 4, the system further comprises a sterile filter 7, and the sterile filter 7 is connected to the incubator 1;

[0011] When the support plate 6 is arranged in the fermentation tank 4, the support plate 6 divides the tank body 41 of the fermentation tank 4 into an upper tank body 411 and a lower tank body 412; the system also includes a time relay 8 and a liquid collecting pipe 9, the time relay 8 is connected to the air compressor 2, and the liquid collecting pipe 9 is connected to the lower tank body 412.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1) The microbial domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided in the present invention can carry out microbial domestication / expansion in a high-temperature sterile environment, and the design of multiple small fermentation tanks can carry out multi-parameter optimization design research of the microbial domestication / expansion process.

[0014] 2) The microbial domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided in the present invention significantly improves the aeration effect in the fermentation tank and improves the aeration uniformity by setting an aeration stone in the fermentation tank;

[0015] 3) The microbial domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided in the present invention increases the volume of the nutrient solution by providing an aerated oxygen supply and a cylindrical fermentation tank with a large height-to-diameter ratio (≥2.5), and the tank cover design reduces the evaporation of the nutrient solution at high temperature. In addition, the outlet pipeline and the exhaust hole have a long pipeline in the vertical direction. The vertical pipeline can allow part of the liquid brought out by the air path to flow back, which can ensure that most of the bacterial colonies that need to be domesticated for a long time do not need to add nutrient solution during the domestication period to avoid pollution;

[0016] 4) The multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding provided in the present invention can be used to study the compounding of microorganisms in the aerobic composting process of solid organic waste, optimize the existing compounding process of microorganisms, and help to accurately study the optimal ratio of microorganisms;

[0017] 5) The microbial domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided in the present invention solves the problem of untimely collection of leachate by providing a liquid discharge port and a liquid collection pipe;

[0018] 6) The multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding provided in the present invention can finely control the temperature during the fermentation process of a small pile by setting an incubator, and can provide a practical composting environment, which is convenient for studying composting-related process parameters, microbial agent performance testing, rapid compounding of microbial agents, etc., and provides equipment support for the resource utilization of solid organic waste;

[0019] 7) The microbial domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided in the present invention can realize programmed temperature rise through an incubator. After the temperature rise program is set according to the simulated aerobic composting process, it can be continuously operated and used without repeatedly changing the temperature, and can solve the problem of rapid temperature loss caused by too small a pile;

[0020] 8) The microorganism domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided in the present invention adjusts the preheating effect of the temperature control device on the gas in the gas channel by controlling the gas channel (e.g., length, layout, etc.) so as to accurately control the temperature of the gas entering the fermentation tank;

[0021] 9) The multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding provided by the present invention can be equipped with multiple fermentation tanks in an incubator, and can simultaneously carry out exploratory experiments with different parameters, which significantly speeds up the experimental process;

[0022] 10) The microbial domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system provided in the present invention is convenient to disassemble and assemble, has a simple manufacturing process, can be rapidly mass-produced, has low cost, has a wide range of uses, and is suitable for industrial promotion.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional fermentation system for conducting microbial domestication / expansion research provided in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional fermentation system for conducting a study on compounding of bacterial agents for solid organic waste provided in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fermentation tank provided in the present invention installed on the bracket;

[0027] Figure 4 is a top view of the fermentation tank cover provided in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp provided in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fermentation tank provided in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing gasket provided in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grid provided in the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a test result chart of the comparison between simulated composting and actual composting; Fig. 9 (a) is a diagram showing the temperature changes during the actual composting and simulated composting experiments; Fig. 9 (b) is a graph showing the change in moisture content during the actual composting and simulated composting tests; Fig. 9 (c) is a graph showing the changes in organic matter during the actual composting and simulated composting experiments; Fig. 9 (d) is the change diagram of EC during the actual composting and simulated composting experiments.

[0033] Description of Reference Numerals

[0034] 1. Insulation box 2. Air compressor 3. Flow meter

[0035] 4. Fermentation tank 5. Aeration stone 6. Support plate

[0036] 7. Sterile filter 8. Time relay 9. Liquid collection tube

[0037] 11, box 12, gas channel 13, cavity

[0038] 14, bracket 15, air outlet pipe

[0039] 41, tank body 42, cover plate 43, connecting parts

[0040] 44,Fixed gasket

[0041] 421, sampling port 422, exhaust hole 431, clamp

[0042] 4121, drain port 4122, drain valve 4123, air inlet DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The described embodiments are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0045] The present invention provides a multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding, wherein the system comprises an insulated box 1, an air compressor 2, a flow meter 3, a fermentation tank 4, an aeration stone 5 and a support plate 6; wherein the insulated box 1 is connected to the air compressor 2, the air compressor 2 is connected to the flow meter 3, the fermentation tank 4 is arranged in the insulated box 1 and connected to the flow meter 3;

[0046] Wherein, the aeration stone 5 and the support plate 6 are not arranged in the fermentation tank 4 at the same time;

[0047] When the aeration stone 5 is arranged in the fermentation tank 4, the system further comprises a sterile filter 7, and the sterile filter 7 is connected to the incubator 1. Figure 1 As shown;

[0048] When the support plate 6 is arranged in the fermentation tank 4, the support plate 6 divides the tank body 41 of the fermentation tank 4 into an upper tank body 411 and a lower tank body 412; the system further comprises a time relay 8 and a liquid collecting pipe 9, the time relay 8 is connected to the air compressor 2, and the liquid collecting pipe 9 is connected to the lower tank body 412. Figure 2 shown.

[0049] Among them, in the present invention, when the aeration stone is set in the fermentation tank, the sterile filter can provide a sterile air source for the fermentation tank, and the air source enters the nutrient solution after being aerated by the aeration stone in the fermentation tank, which can provide sufficient oxygen for the microorganisms, so that the multifunctional fermentation system can be used for bacterial agent domestication / expansion cultivation. When the support plate is set in the fermentation tank, the support plate divides the fermentation tank into two parts, and the upper tank body is used to fill solid organic waste. The leachate generated during the fermentation process can be dripped into the lower tank body and collected through the liquid collection pipe, so that the multifunctional fermentation system can be used for the compounding of the solid organic waste. Through the flexible setting of the aeration stone and the support plate, the multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding in the present invention can not only perform the domestication and expansion of microorganisms in a high-temperature sterile environment, but also meet the requirements for compounding of the solid organic waste.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulated box 1 includes a box body 11, a gas channel 12, a cavity 13, a bracket 14 and a temperature control device; wherein the gas channel 12 runs through the box body 11 and the cavity 13, and is used to heat the gas in the gas channel 12; the bracket 14 is arranged in the cavity 13, and is used to place the fermentation tank 4; the temperature control device is arranged in the box body 11, and is used for programmed temperature increase.

[0051] Among them, in the present invention, the incubator can provide a stable constant temperature environment, which can meet the requirements of different environmental temperatures for different research purposes such as microbial acclimation / expansion culture and solid organic waste fermentation, and can achieve refined control of simulated fermentation temperature. The gas channel can fully preheat the gas entering the fermenter and accurately control the temperature of the gas entering the fermenter.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the gas channel 12 is optionally connected to the sterile filter 7 , and the other end is connected to the air compressor 2 .

[0053] Among them, in the present invention, the external gas enters the gas channel through the air compressor, can be heated under the action of the insulated box, and then is extracted by the air compressor and transported to the fermentation tank after being quantitatively measured by the flow meter, thereby reducing the disturbance and influence of the intake air on the compost temperature. When the multifunctional fermentation tank is used for microbial domestication / expansion research, one end of the gas channel is connected to a sterile filter to provide a sterile gas source for the fermentation tank to avoid contamination caused by aeration.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support 14 includes a support frame and support bars, wherein the support bars are installed in parallel on the support frame, and the fermentation tank 4 is arranged between two adjacent support bars. Figure 3 shown.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bracket 14 includes a plurality of brackets. In the present invention, only one layer of brackets or multiple layers of brackets may be provided in the cavity of the incubator. The number of brackets may be adjusted according to actual needs, and the present invention does not specifically limit this. For example, it may be 1-3 layers.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulated box 1 further comprises an air outlet pipeline 15, wherein the air outlet pipeline is connected to the fermentation tank 4. In the present invention, the gas generated in the fermentation tank can be collected and discharged after being processed through the air outlet pipeline.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a vertical pipeline is provided between the gas outlet pipeline 15 and the fermentation tank 4. In the present invention, the provision of the vertical pipeline allows part of the liquid carried out by the gas path to flow back to the fermentation tank, ensuring that most of the bacterial colonies that require long-term domestication do not need to be added with nutrient solution during the domestication period, thereby reducing the risk of contamination.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device includes a heater and a controller. The present invention does not specifically limit the temperature control device, and any temperature control device that can realize the program temperature rise function can be used in the present invention. Among them, the heater can be an electric belt, which can evenly heat and keep the fermenter warm, not only ensuring that the fermenter is always in a constant temperature environment, but also providing accurate program temperature rise control. Preferably, the temperature control range of the temperature control device in the present invention is between 25-85°C.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air compressor 2, flow meter 3 and time relay 8 are conventional equipment in the field, and the present invention does not specifically limit them. Preferably, the air compressor 4 is preferably an electric air compressor, and the flow meter 3 is preferably a rotor flow meter. Preferably, when the multifunctional fermentation system is used to compound the bacterial agent of solid organic waste, the time relay 8 is used to control the air compressor 2, and then control the air intake, that is, the aeration interval and aeration duration. For example, the aeration volume is controlled to be 0.05L / min-0.5L / (min·kg dry material).

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cover plate 42 is disposed on the upper portion of the tank body 41, and a sampling port 421 and an exhaust hole 422 are disposed on the cover plate 42. Figure 4 shown.

[0061] Among them, in the present invention, the exhaust hole 422 on the cover plate 42 is connected to the exhaust pipe 15 provided in the cavity 13 in the incubator 1, so that the gas generated in the fermenter can be discharged to the outside of the incubator in time, which is convenient for collecting gas samples. Through the sampling port, the domesticated bacterial agent, nutrient solution and target substrate can be added to the fermenter, and the fermentation state in the fermenter can be observed, and samples can be collected for analysis and research. Preferably, a sealing component is provided on the sampling port.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention does not specifically limit the connection method between the cover plate 42 and the tank body 41. For example, the connection method between the cover plate 42 and the tank body 41 can be selected from one of threaded connection, crimping connection, hinge connection, and clamp connection.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cover plate 42 and the tank body 41 are connected by a clamp through a connecting component 43; wherein the connecting component 43 includes a clamp 431 and a gasket, wherein the clamp 431 is as follows Figure 5 In the present invention, the material of the clamp is preferably stainless steel, and the gasket is preferably heat-resistant silicone. The clamp and the gasket can seal the cover plate to prevent leakage.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tank body 41 is a hollow cavity, preferably a cylindrical hollow tank, and further preferably, the height-to-diameter ratio of the cylindrical hollow tank is ≥2.5, preferably 2.5-3.5. The material of the tank body is preferably a material that can be sterilized under high temperature and high pressure, such as stainless steel. In the present invention, the tank aeration stone does not need to be fixed and can be directly loaded inside the tank body. The support plate needs to be arranged in the tank body in a detachable manner.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support plate 6 is disposed in the fermentation tank 4 in a manner selected from a boss connection, a pillar connection, and a clamp connection.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper tank body 411 and the lower tank body 412 in the tank body 41 are integrated as a whole, a boss is provided inside the tank body 41, and the support plate 6 is provided in the tank body 41 through the boss.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper tank body 411 and the lower tank body 412 in the tank body 41 are integrated as a whole, and support columns are provided on the support plate 6 , and the support plate 6 is vertically arranged in the tank body 41 through the support columns.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper tank body 411 and the lower tank body 412 of the tank body 41 are independent of each other, the support plate 6 is arranged between the upper tank body 411 and the lower tank body 412, and the upper tank body 411, the support plate 6 and the lower tank body 412 are connected by a clamp through the connecting component 43.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the lower tank body 412 is provided with a drain port 4121, a drain valve 4122 and an air inlet 4123, and the air inlet 4123 is connected to the flow meter 3. Figure 6 shown.

[0070] Among them, in the present invention, when the multifunctional fermentation system of the present invention is used for compounding the inoculum of solid organic waste, the liquid collection pipe 9 can be connected to the drain valve 4122 to facilitate the collection of leachate.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer side of the tank body 41 further includes at least two fixing pads 44, and the fixing pads 44 are used to install the fermentation tank 4 on the bracket 14 in the incubator 1. Figure 7 shown.

[0072] Among them, in the present invention, the fixing gasket is preferably symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the lower tank body, and the fixing gasket can be stuck on two adjacent support bars in the bracket, so that the fermentation tank is placed in the insulation box.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation tank 4 includes a plurality of, preferably 10-60, wherein the exhaust holes 422 of each fermentation tank 4 are connected to the exhaust pipe 15. When the multifunctional fermentation system of the present invention is used for compounding of solid organic waste inoculants, the drain valves 4122 of each fermentation tank 4 are connected to the liquid collection pipe 9. Preferably, when the multifunctional fermentation system of the present invention is used for domestication or expansion of microorganisms, the multifunctional fermentation system may also include a liquid collection pipe 9, wherein the drain valves 4122 of each fermentation tank 4 are connected to the liquid collection pipe 9.

[0074] Among them, in the present invention, a plurality of fermentation tanks are provided, and a plurality of experiments can be carried out simultaneously, which is helpful to improve the experimental efficiency, save the experimental cost, and speed up the experimental process.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aeration stone 5 is a round cake-shaped aeration stone. In the present invention, the diameter of the round cake-shaped aeration stone matches the inner diameter of the tank body, which can further improve the aeration effect.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sterile filter 7 is preferably a two-stage sterile filter. In the present invention, the sterile filter can filter bacteria in the air, ensure that the gas entering the fermentation tank is sterile gas, and ensure that the bacterial agent is domesticated in a sterile environment.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support plate 6 is a perforated plate selected from a sieve plate and / or a grid plate; wherein, the support plate can support solid organic waste and filter the leachate on the one hand, and can perform secondary gas distribution on the gas on the other hand, which helps to improve the aeration effect.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support plate 6 is a grid plate, the width of the support bar of the grid plate is 0.5-3.5 mm, and the grid gap is 2-6 mm. Figure 8 shown.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pipes for gas circulation and the liquid collection pipes in the fermentation system are made of materials that can be sterilized in an autoclave, such as heat-resistant plastic / silicone materials.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting pipelines between the various devices in the fermentation system are preferably detachable pipelines to facilitate cleaning and sterilization.

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0082] The microbial domestication, expansion and compounding multifunctional fermentation system in the embodiment includes an incubator, an electric air compressor, a rotor flowmeter, a time relay, a fermentation tank, a round cake-shaped aeration stone, a two-stage sterile filter, a support plate and a liquid collection tube;

[0083] There are two layers of brackets in the incubator, and 20 fermentation tanks are placed on each layer of brackets. The fermentation tank is a cylindrical hollow tank with a height-to-diameter ratio of 2.5, including a cover plate, an independent upper tank body and a lower tank body, two connecting parts, and the connecting parts include a stainless steel clamp and a heat-resistant silicone gasket. The support plate is a grid plate with a support bar width of 2mm and a grid gap of 4mm.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] (1) First, connect the two-stage sterile filter, incubator, electric air compressor, rotor flowmeter, and time relay, and then clean and sterilize the incubator, fermenter, and aeration stone;

[0086] (2) First, the upper tank body and the lower tank body are connected by a clamp using a connecting component, and after the aeration stone is placed in the fermentation tank, the upper tank body and the cover plate are connected by a clamp using a connecting component, and then the domesticated bacterial agent, the sterilized nutrient solution and the target substrate are added to the fermentation tank in sequence through the sampling port. After the addition is completed, the sampling port is sealed to prevent contact with the external environment;

[0087] (3) Using a fixing gasket, 40 fermentation tanks are sequentially mounted on the bracket of the incubator, and then the exhaust holes of the fermentation tanks are connected to the exhaust pipes of the incubator cavity, and the air inlet holes of the fermentation tanks are connected to the flow meter;

[0088] (4) Setting a heating program for the incubator, and when the temperature reaches the set value, turning on the electric air compressor to aerate the nutrient solution in the fermentation tank;

[0089] (5) During the test, gas samples were collected at any time through the gas outlet pipeline for analysis; after the test, the programmable temperature rise heater of the incubator was turned off, the electric air compressor was turned off, the drain valve at the bottom of the fermentation tank was opened, and the bacterial solution was removed for analysis;

[0090] (6) After use, remove the detachable parts, disassemble each part, clean it, and reinstall it to its original state for next use.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] (1) First, connect the incubator, electric air compressor, rotor flowmeter, and time relay, and then clean and sterilize the incubator, fermentation tank, support plate, and liquid collection tube;

[0093] (2) First, the upper tank body, the support plate and the lower tank body are connected by a clamp using a connecting component, and the solid organic waste to be composted is placed in the fermentation tank, with a filling rate of 75-90 (v / v)%, and an inoculum amount of 0.1 (v / v)%-5 (v / v)%. Then, the upper tank body and the cover plate are connected by a clamp using a connecting component, and the sampling port is sealed;

[0094] (3) Using a fixing gasket, 24 fermentation tanks are sequentially mounted on the bracket of the incubator, and then the air inlet of the fermentation tank is connected to the flow meter, the exhaust hole of the fermentation tank is connected to the air outlet pipeline of the incubator cavity, and the liquid collection pipe is connected to the drain valve;

[0095] (4) Setting a heating program for the incubator. When the temperature reaches the set value, turning on the electric air compressor, using a time relay to control the aeration interval and aeration time, the pumped gas enters the upper tank after secondary air distribution through the support plate, and the leachate generated during the composting process drips into the lower tank;

[0096] (5) During the test, the drain valve is opened intermittently, and the leachate is collected by the liquid collection tube and then processed uniformly; after the test, the program heating heater of the incubator is turned off, the electric air compressor is turned off, and the solid sample is taken out from the sampling port for analysis;

[0097] (6) After use, remove the detachable parts, disassemble each part, clean it, and reinstall it to its original state for next use.

[0098] Test Example 1

[0099] Comparative test between simulated composting and actual composting:

[0100] The composting raw material is a mixture of food waste and corn straw particles (particle size 1-2 cm) in a mass ratio of 4:1 (wet weight). The basic physical and chemical properties of food waste and corn straw particles are shown in Table 1.

[0101] Among them, pH: pH meter (model: PHBJ-260, Leici, China), reference standard TMECC04.11A. Conductivity (EC): Conductivity meter (model: DDS-307A, Leici, China), reference standard TMECC04.10A. Moisture content: hot air drying method (70℃, 24h), reference standard TMECC 03.09A. Total carbon and total nitrogen: elemental analyzer (model: Flash 2000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, UK), reference standard TMECC 04.01A and TMECC 04.02A.

[0102] Table 1

[0103]

[0104] a Based on dry matter weight.

[0105] The multifunctional fermentation system in Example 2 was used to conduct a simulated composting test. Three fermentation tanks were placed on the upper support of the incubator, and parallel tests were conducted. The average value was taken as the test result. The specific test method is as follows:

[0106] The aerobic composting raw materials were divided into three parts and placed in three fermentation tanks respectively, with a filling rate of 90 (v / v)%, and a bacterial inoculation amount of 0.1 (v / v)%;

[0107] The heating program of the incubator is set to eight stages, and the temperature is increased at a rate of 4℃ / min. In the first stage, the temperature is increased from room temperature to 30℃, and maintained for one day; the second stage is increased from 30℃ to 40℃, and maintained for one day; the third stage is increased from 40℃ to 50℃, and maintained for one day; the fourth stage is increased from 50℃ to 55℃, and maintained for one day; the fifth stage is increased from 55℃ to 60℃, and maintained for one week; the sixth stage is cooled from 60℃ to 40℃, and maintained for four days; the seventh stage is increased from 40℃ to 45℃, and maintained for four days; the eighth stage is cooled from 45℃ to 30℃, and maintained for eight days; finally, the insulation program is turned off and the temperature is restored to room temperature.

[0108] While the temperature was raised, the time relay was used to control the aeration interval to 30 minutes, the aeration time was 5 minutes, and the aeration volume was 0.2L / (min·kg dry material); the drain valve was opened every 3 days. During the test, samples were collected and analyzed on the 0th, 3rd, 7th, 20th and 27th days.

[0109] The actual composting test and the simulated composting test were set up under the same conditions, except that the compost volumes were different and the actual composting test was conducted in a 140L drum fermenter.

[0110] Fig. 9 (a) is the temperature change diagram during the actual composting and simulated composting test. Fig. 9 (a) It can be seen that the actual temperature value in the fermentation tank is relatively consistent with the set value, and there is a slight delay with the change of the set value. Before 23 days, it is closer to the temperature change of the actual composting process. After 23 days, the temperature of the actual composting process drops more significantly. The simulated fermentation tank is limited by the set temperature and still maintains above 30℃. However, from the perspective of composting effect ( Fig. 9 (c) and (d)), the degradation of organic matter and the change of EC in the simulated composting process are close to the actual composting. In general, the temperature of the simulated composting is close to the set temperature, which is not much different from the actual composting process. The number of days when the temperature is above 50°C is about 9 days, which can meet the requirements of the simulated composting test using a small fermenter.

[0111] Fig. 9 (b) is a graph showing the change in moisture content during the actual composting and simulated composting experiments. Moisture content is an important indicator that affects the composting process. Fig. 9 (b) It can be seen that the initial moisture content of the simulated composting test group was higher, which may be due to the initial passive heating causing the material to deteriorate quickly and increase the moisture content. Later, with heating and ventilation, the moisture was gradually taken away and the moisture content gradually decreased. Although the moisture content in the early and late stages of composting is somewhat different from that in actual composting, it is Fig. 9 (c) and (d) show that there is no significant difference in the changes of organic matter and EC between the two groups (p>0.05), and the range of moisture content does not affect the smooth progress of aerobic composting.

[0112] Fig. 9 (c) is the change diagram of organic matter during the actual composting and simulated composting experiments. Fig. 9 (c) It can be seen that the organic matter in both simulated fermentation and actual fermentation showed a downward trend, indicating that the organic matter was gradually degraded during the composting process. Overall, there was no significant difference in the changes between the two, indicating that the effect of simulated composting was closer to reality.

[0113] Fig. 9 (d) is the change diagram of EC during the actual composting and simulated composting test. Fig. 9 (d) It can be seen that EC is generally on the rise. The reason for the increase in EC value may be the mineralization of organic matter to produce NH4 + -N and other salt ions, and the total weight of the material continued to decrease, resulting in an increase in the relative value of EC. The EC values ​​of the simulated fermentation tank and the actual composting material are not much different, which also reflects the usability of the simulated fermentation tank.

[0114] Sensory index: In the early stage of simulated composting, the mixture of kitchen waste and corn stalks had a strong sour smell and uneven particle size. As the composting progressed, the pile body emitted obvious sour and ammonia odors, which then faded and the color of the material gradually deepened. After 27 days of composting, the odor of the pile body basically disappeared and the particle size gradually became uniform, which was similar to the actual composting process, indicating that composting can be carried out normally in the multifunctional fermentation system of the present invention and finally achieve humification.

[0115] This example shows that the composting experiment of a mixture of kitchen waste and corn stalks using the multifunctional fermentation system of the present invention is closer to the changes in key parameters in the actual composting process, and can achieve normal harmlessness and humification of the material and complete the composting process.

[0116] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0117] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fermentation system for microbial domestication, expansion and compounding, characterized in that: The system comprises an insulated box (1), an air compressor (2), a flow meter (3), a fermentation tank (4), an aeration stone (5) and a support plate (6); wherein the insulated box (1) is connected to the air compressor (2), the air compressor (2) is connected to the flow meter (3), and the fermentation tank (4) is arranged in the insulated box (1) and connected to the flow meter (3); Wherein, the aeration stone (5) and the support plate (6) are not arranged in the fermentation tank (4) at the same time; When the aeration stone (5) is arranged in the fermentation tank (4), the system further comprises a sterile filter (7), and the sterile filter (7) is connected to the incubator (1); When the support plate (6) is arranged in the fermentation tank (4), the support plate (6) divides the tank body (41) of the fermentation tank (4) into an upper tank body (411) and a lower tank body (412); the system further comprises a time relay (8) and a liquid collecting pipe (9), the time relay (8) being connected to the air compressor (2), and the liquid collecting pipe (9) being connected to the lower tank body (412).

2. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat preservation box (1) comprises a box body (11), a gas passage (12), a cavity (13), a support (14) and a temperature control device; wherein the gas passage (12) runs through the box body (11) and the cavity (13) and is used to heat the gas in the gas passage (12); the support (14) is arranged in the cavity (13) and is used to place the fermentation tank (4); and the temperature control device is arranged in the box body (11) and is used to perform programmed temperature increase.

3. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the gas channel (12) is optionally connected to the sterile filter (7), and the other end is connected to the air compressor (2); And / or, the insulated box (1) further comprises an air outlet pipeline (15); wherein the air outlet pipeline (15) is connected to the fermentation tank (4) and is used to discharge the gas generated in the fermentation tank (4).

4. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cover plate (42) is provided on the upper part of the tank body (41) of the fermentation tank (4); Wherein, the cover plate (42) is provided with a sampling port (421) and an exhaust hole (422); wherein, the exhaust hole (422) is connected to the exhaust pipeline (15).

5. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection method between the cover plate (42) and the tank body (41) is selected from one of a threaded connection, a buckled connection, a hinge connection, and a clamp connection.

6. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cover plate (42) and the tank body (41) are connected by a clamp via a connecting component (43); wherein the connecting component (43) comprises a clamp (431) and a gasket.

7. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper tank body (411) and the lower tank body (412) of the tank body (41) are independent of each other, the support plate (6) is arranged between the upper tank body (411) and the lower tank body (412), and the upper tank body (411), the support plate (6) and the lower tank body (412) are connected by a clamp via the connecting component (43).

8. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the lower tank body (412) is provided with a liquid discharge port (4121), a liquid discharge valve (4122) and an air inlet (4123), and the air inlet (4123) is connected to the flow meter (3).

9. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the tank body (41) further comprises at least two fixing gaskets (44); wherein the fixing gaskets (44) are used to mount the fermentation tank (4) on the bracket (14).

10. The multifunctional fermentation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation tank (4) comprises a plurality of fermentation tanks, and the exhaust hole (422) of each fermentation tank (4) is connected to the exhaust pipeline (15).

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