Fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle meteorological detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle meteorological detection system, and relates to the field of aircraft meteorological detection. The miniature meteorological load is arranged on the fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle platform, and the miniature meteorological load is connected with the fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle platform; the fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle platform is connected with the meteorological detection flight control and data display system; the fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle platform adopts a middle pushing layout that propellers are mounted in the middle of a fuselage of the fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle; the miniature meteorological load is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data; the fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle platform is used for receiving detection data and transmitting the detection data to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system; and the meteorological detection flight control and data display system is used for displaying detection data. According to the invention, the transverse stability of the whole aircraft can be enhanced, and high-precision meteorological detection is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aircraft weather detection, and in particular to a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle weather detection system. Background Art

[0002] Conventional fixed-wing UAVs in related technologies are mainly front-pull type and tail-push type. Both types of fixed-wing UAVs have certain limitations when used for meteorological detection. For front-pull fixed-wing UAVs, the front-pull propeller slipstream will seriously affect the layout or detection accuracy of the micro-meteorological detection payload; for tail-push fixed-wing UAVs, the tail push propeller is not conducive to the hand-throwing takeoff of the UAV. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a fixed-wing UAV weather detection system that can enhance the lateral stability of the entire aircraft and achieve high-precision weather detection.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fixed-wing UAV weather detection system, comprising: a fixed-wing UAV platform, a micro-meteorological payload, and a weather detection flight control and data display system;

[0006] The micro-meteorological payload is arranged on the fixed-wing UAV platform, and the micro-meteorological payload is connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform; the fixed-wing UAV platform is connected to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system;

[0007] The fixed-wing UAV platform adopts a mid-thrust layout in which the propeller is installed in the middle of the fuselage of the fixed-wing UAV;

[0008] The micro-meteorological load is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data; the detection data includes: atmospheric data and wind vane data; the atmospheric data includes: pressure, temperature, humidity, airspeed and airflow angle; the wind vane data includes: airflow angle at a set position;

[0009] The fixed-wing UAV platform is used to receive the detection data and transmit it to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system;

[0010] The meteorological detection flight control and data display system is used to display the detection data.

[0011] Optionally, the fixed-wing UAV weather detection system further comprises: an interface connection system;

[0012] The micro-meteorological payload is connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform via the interface connection system.

[0013] Optionally, the fixed-wing UAV platform includes: a battery, a power system, a wing, a fuselage, a tail, avionics, a flight control system and a data link;

[0014] The wing is installed on the upper part of the fuselage; the tail wing is installed on the tail of the fuselage; the battery, the power system, the avionics, the flight control system and the data link are all installed inside the fuselage.

[0015] Optionally, the micro-meteorological payload includes: an atmospheric data sensor and an atmospheric data computer;

[0016] The atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer are both arranged on the fixed-wing UAV platform, and the atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer are both connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform; the atmospheric data sensor is also connected to the atmospheric data computer;

[0017] The atmospheric data sensor is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data;

[0018] The atmospheric data computer is used to calculate the wind speed and wind direction according to the airflow deflection angle in the detection data by using the vector triangle method.

[0019] Optionally, the atmospheric data sensor is fixed with eight M3×6 countersunk screws, and the mounting screw holes are designed to prevent wrong insertion.

[0020] Optionally, the meteorological detection flight control and data display system uses two modes of display: real-time numerical value and data curve.

[0021] Optionally, the atmospheric data computer is powered by 5VDC and has a power consumption of no more than 5W.

[0022] Optionally, the anti-icing heating power supply of the atmospheric data sensor is powered by 28VDC; the maximum power consumption at power-on is no more than 32W.

[0023] Optionally, the atmospheric data sensor is provided with a plug and a 0.6m±0.1m cable; the maximum outer diameter of the plug is not greater than 13mm; and the shell length of the atmospheric data sensor is not greater than 50mm.

[0024] Optionally, the meteorological detection flight control and data display system is also used to issue flight control instructions to control the flight of the fixed-wing UAV platform.

[0025] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects:

[0026] The present application provides a fixed-wing UAV meteorological detection system, in which a micro-meteorological payload is arranged on a fixed-wing UAV platform, and the micro-meteorological payload is connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform; the fixed-wing UAV platform is connected to a meteorological detection flight control and data display system; the fixed-wing UAV platform adopts a mid-thrust layout in which the propeller is installed in the middle of the fuselage of the fixed-wing UAV; the micro-meteorological payload is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data. The fixed-wing UAV platform is used to receive detection data and transmit it to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system; the meteorological detection flight control and data display system is used to display the detection data. By adopting a mid-thrust layout in which the propeller is installed in the middle of the fuselage of the fixed-wing UAV platform, not only the lateral stability of the whole aircraft is increased, but also the airflow interference of the propeller slipstream on the micro-meteorological detection payload can be avoided. Therefore, the present application can enhance the lateral stability of the whole aircraft and achieve high-precision meteorological detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the fixed-wing UAV weather detection system;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a fixed-wing UAV platform;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a multifunctional atmospheric data sensor;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation interface for the multifunctional air data sensor;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and installation between the atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer.

[0033] Figure numerals: fixed-wing UAV platform-1, micro-meteorological payload-2, meteorological detection flight control and data display system-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0036] In view of the installation layout characteristics and detection accuracy requirements of the micro-meteorological detection payload, while taking into account the safety of the payload, this application proposes a fixed-wing UAV meteorological detection system. In this system, the fixed-wing UAV platform adopts a high-mounted upper wing mid-thrust layout scheme. The motor mid-thrust scheme not only avoids the airflow interference of the propeller slipstream on the micro-meteorological detection payload, but also the propeller will not cut the operator's fingers during hand-throwing takeoff and landing. The high-mounted upper wing not only increases the lateral stability of the entire aircraft, provides an installation position with little airflow interference for the micro-meteorological detection payload, but also does not damage the micro-meteorological detection payload even if the drone flips over during takeoff and landing.

[0037] The "fixed-wing UAV weather detection system" based on a high-mounted upper-wing mid-thrust layout can be easily taken off and landed by hand. The micro-meteorological detection payload is not easily damaged and has little airflow interference, which can achieve high-precision weather detection.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a fixed-wing UAV meteorological detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a fixed-wing UAV platform 1, a micro-meteorological payload 2, and a meteorological detection flight control and data display system 3.

[0039] The micro-meteorological payload 2 is arranged on the fixed-wing UAV platform 1 , and the micro-meteorological payload 2 is connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform 1 ; the fixed-wing UAV platform 1 is connected to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system 3 .

[0040] The fixed-wing UAV platform 1 adopts a mid-thrust layout in which a propeller is installed in the middle of the fuselage of the fixed-wing UAV.

[0041] The micro-meteorological payload 2 is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data; the detection data includes: atmospheric data and wind vane data; the atmospheric data includes: pressure, temperature, humidity, airspeed and airflow angle; the wind vane data includes: airflow angle at a set position.

[0042] The fixed-wing UAV platform 1 is used to receive detection data and transmit it to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system 3.

[0043] The meteorological detection flight control and data display system 3 is used to display the detection data.

[0044] In one embodiment, the fixed-wing UAV weather detection system further includes: an interface connection system.

[0045] The micro-meteorological payload 2 is connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform 1 via an interface connection system.

[0046] The fixed-wing UAV platform 1 includes: batteries, power systems, wings, fuselage, tail, avionics, flight control systems and data links.

[0047] The wings are installed on the upper part of the fuselage; the tail is installed on the tail of the fuselage; the batteries, power systems, avionics, flight control systems and data links are all installed inside the fuselage.

[0048] The micro-meteorological payload 2 includes: an atmospheric data sensor and an atmospheric data computer; the atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer are both arranged on the fixed-wing UAV platform 1, and the atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer are both connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform 1; the atmospheric data sensor is also connected to the atmospheric data computer.

[0049] The atmospheric data sensor is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data; the atmospheric data computer is used to solve the airflow deflection angle in the detection data using the vector triangle method to obtain the wind speed and wind direction.

[0050] The atmospheric data sensor is fixed with 8 M3×6 countersunk screws, and the mounting screw holes are designed to prevent incorrect insertion.

[0051] The meteorological detection flight control and data display system 3 uses two modes of display: real-time numerical value and data curve.

[0052] The air data computer is powered by 5VDC, and the power consumption is no more than 5W. The anti-icing heating power supply of the air data sensor is powered by 28VDC; the maximum power consumption at power-on is no more than 32W.

[0053] The atmospheric data sensor is provided with a plug and a 0.6m±0.1m cable; the maximum outer diameter of the plug is not greater than 13mm; the shell length of the atmospheric data sensor is not greater than 50mm.

[0054] The meteorological detection flight control and data display system 3 is also used to issue flight control instructions to control the flight of the fixed-wing UAV platform 1.

[0055] The present invention relates to a fixed-wing UAV meteorological detection system, which can perform high-precision meteorological detection tasks and transmit and display detection data in real time through reasonable UAV platform design and optimized layout of micro-meteorological detection payloads.

[0056] The fixed-wing UAV meteorological detection system consists of a fixed-wing UAV platform, a micro-meteorological payload, an interface connection system, and a meteorological detection flight control and data display system. Among them, the micro-meteorological payload is installed on the fixed-wing UAV platform and connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform through the interface connection system. The meteorological detection flight control and data display system is the ground command and display system of the fixed-wing UAV platform. The fixed-wing UAV platform consists of batteries, power systems, wings, fuselage, tail wing, avionics, flight control system, and data link. Among them, the wings are installed on the upper part of the fuselage, the tail wing is installed on the tail of the fuselage, and the batteries, power systems, avionics, flight control system, and data link are all installed inside the fuselage; the micro-meteorological payload consists of a multifunctional atmospheric data sensor and an atmospheric data computer; the payload interface connection system refers to the mechanical, electrical and signal interface between the micro-meteorological payload and the fixed-wing bionic UAV platform; the meteorological detection flight control and data display system has the flight control of the UAV platform and has the real-time feedback and display functions of the detection data.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed-wing UAV platform. The fixed-wing UAV platform consists of batteries, power systems, wings, fuselage, tail, avionics, flight control system, and data link. The fixed-wing UAV platform adopts a mid-thrust layout with propellers installed in the middle of the fuselage, which not only avoids the airflow interference of the propeller slipstream on the micro-meteorological detection payload, but also prevents the propeller from cutting the operator's fingers during hand-throwing takeoff and landing. The micro-meteorological detection payload is installed at the front end of the middle of the high-mounted upper wing. The high-mounted upper wing not only increases the lateral stability of the entire aircraft, but also provides an installation location with little airflow interference for the micro-meteorological detection payload, and the micro-meteorological detection payload will not be damaged even if the UAV flips over during takeoff and landing.

[0058] The wings are installed on the upper part of the fuselage, the tail is installed on the tail of the fuselage, and the batteries, power systems, avionics, flight control systems, and data links are all installed inside the fuselage.

[0059] The micro-meteorological payloads used for meteorological detection are divided into two designs, namely the atmospheric data system and the wind vane sensor. The former has the ability to detect pressure, temperature, humidity, airspeed and airflow angle, while the latter only provides the ability to detect airflow angle. The two work independently of each other.

[0060] The atmospheric data system is composed of a multifunctional atmospheric data sensor installed on the outside of the aircraft and an atmospheric data computer installed inside the aircraft. It is a highly integrated atmospheric data system. The atmospheric data computer can directly obtain data such as air pressure, temperature, humidity, true air speed, angle of attack, and sideslip angle through the multifunctional atmospheric data sensor.

[0061] The atmospheric data system integrates functions such as total static pressure detection, angle of attack and sideslip angle measurement, temperature and humidity measurement, and outputs various atmospheric data parameters in the form of a bus after solution; the angle of attack and sideslip angle wind vanes are designed to be as forward as possible and away from the main support pole to effectively avoid the influence of the wash generated by the tube head during flight; the wind vanes must have an optimized appearance design, small moment of inertia, small starting torque, and good low-speed detection capability and dynamic response capability.

[0062] The wind vane sensor can be used to collect the airflow angle at the location. Depending on the installation position, it can be used as an angle of attack or sideslip angle sensor. Two sensors can be installed, one above the nose and one on the side, to detect the sideslip angle and the other on the side. To ensure consistent output polarity, it is recommended to install it on the left side first.

[0063] This application uses a fixed-wing bionic UAV as a weather detection platform. It can be seen that the connector placed in front of the upper wing can well protect the weather detection system while also avoiding interference from the surrounding flow field of the propeller.

[0064] In order to match the UAV platform system with the atmospheric data system, the multifunctional atmospheric data sensor is used as a wind vane sensor to input external meteorological signals, and the atmospheric detection system data is output by the atmospheric data computer software port. The matching of the UAV platform system and the wind vane sensor is relatively simple. The UAV platform system remains unchanged, and the input end of the atmospheric detection system is adjusted to two wind vane sensors installed on the left and upper sides of the nose, which are connected to the flight control interface through cables to ensure the reception of atmospheric data.

[0065] Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and installation interface of the multifunctional atmospheric data sensor. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and installation between the atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer.

[0066] The atmospheric data computer in the atmospheric data system is powered by the onboard 5VDC, and the power consumption is no more than 5 W. The multifunctional atmospheric data sensor in the atmospheric data system is powered by the onboard 28VDC for anti-icing and heating, and the maximum power consumption at power-on is no more than 32 W, and the power consumption is no more than 9 W after stable static heating at normal temperature.

[0067] The appearance and installation interface of the multifunctional air data sensor are as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, it is fixed with 8 M3×6 countersunk screws, and the mounting screw holes are designed to prevent misinsertion. After installation, the front angle of attack wind vane should be on the left, and the rear sideslip angle wind vane should be directly below the product. The recommended size of the mounting rod that connects to the multi-function atmospheric data sensor is an outer diameter of Φ30 and an inner diameter of Φ26G9. The product comes with a 0.6m cable and connector, and the maximum outer diameter of the connector is not more than Φ15mm. During installation, first connect the pipeline to the mounting rod, and then insert the electrical connector into the mounting rod first. The pipeline is inserted after the connector and comes out from the rear end of the mounting rod together. It is recommended to use conductive materials to process the mounting sleeve, and perform a surface treatment process with electrical conductivity on the assembly contact surface of the sleeve and the mounting rod, while ensuring that the sleeve is reliably grounded.

[0068] The atmospheric data computer and the multifunctional atmospheric data sensor are equipped with total pressure Pt and static pressure Ps gas circuit interfaces, and are defined by "Pt" and "Ps" labels, with a maximum outer diameter of 3mm. A matching hose with an inner diameter of 2.5mm and an outer diameter of 4mm should be used and cut to a suitable length and connected according to the gas circuit definition. The hose should be reasonably arranged and fixed, and the turning radius should not be less than 25mm.

[0069] The multifunctional atmospheric data sensor comes with a 0.6m±0.1m cable and plug. The maximum outer diameter of the plug is no more than 13mm, and the shell length is no more than 50mm. The corresponding floating socket is used for the production of cross-linked cables on the aircraft. The wire should be 0.15mm2 or AWG24. To ensure good electromagnetic compatibility, it is recommended that the cable on the aircraft be shielded and grounded.

[0070] The air data computer uses the J30JA21 series socket, which can be connected to the matching J30JA-21TJS plug. One bundle of plug cables is connected to the air data sensor, and the other bundle is connected to the 5VDC power supply on the aircraft. The wires are 0.15mm2 or AWG24 wires. To improve electromagnetic compatibility, the cables should be properly shielded. Figure 5 As shown, the specific system design refers to Figure 5 No further detailed explanation is given here.

[0071] Temperature, humidity, and pressure can all be directly measured by meteorological loads, but the real-time wind speed and direction need to be calculated based on the ground speed and air speed given by the flight control and anemometer, combined with the three attitude angles given by the flight control and the aerodynamic angles (angle of attack and sideslip angle) measured by two wind vanes, using the vector triangle method to calculate the real-time wind speed and direction. The vector triangle method is calculated as follows: wind speed vector = ground speed vector - air speed vector.

[0072] The meteorological detection flight control and data display system can display temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and wind direction data in two ways: real-time value and data curve.

[0073] Benefits of this application:

[0074] 1. The unique layout design of the drone can reduce the disturbance of meteorological loads and provide better protection against them.

[0075] 2. Using drones as a meteorological detection platform has many advantages, such as real-time data collection, aerial cruise monitoring, space image generation, temperature and humidity distribution analysis, aerial image analysis, etc.

[0076] 3. Integrate flight control and data display on the ground station. Compared with the distributed atmospheric data sensor system, the atmospheric data system is highly integrated, small in size and light in weight, and can achieve comprehensive measurement of various meteorological data with the same parameters in multiple directions.

[0077] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0078] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A fixed-wing UAV weather detection system, characterized in that: The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system comprises: a fixed-wing UAV platform, a micro-meteorological payload, and a weather detection flight control and data display system; The micro-meteorological payload is arranged on the fixed-wing UAV platform, and the micro-meteorological payload is connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform; the fixed-wing UAV platform is connected to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system; The fixed-wing UAV platform adopts a mid-thrust layout in which the propeller is installed in the middle of the fuselage of the fixed-wing UAV; The micro-meteorological load is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data; the detection data includes: atmospheric data and wind vane data; the atmospheric data includes: pressure, temperature, humidity, airspeed and airflow angle; the wind vane data includes: airflow angle at a set position; The fixed-wing UAV platform is used to receive the detection data and transmit it to the meteorological detection flight control and data display system; The meteorological detection flight control and data display system is used to display the detection data.

2. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system also includes: an interface connection system; The micro-meteorological payload is connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform via the interface connection system.

3. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed-wing UAV platform includes: batteries, power systems, wings, fuselage, tail, avionics, flight control systems and data links; The wing is installed on the upper part of the fuselage; the tail wing is installed on the tail of the fuselage; the battery, the power system, the avionics, the flight control system and the data link are all installed inside the fuselage.

4. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-meteorological payload includes: an atmospheric data sensor and an atmospheric data computer; The atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer are both arranged on the fixed-wing UAV platform, and the atmospheric data sensor and the atmospheric data computer are both connected to the fixed-wing UAV platform; the atmospheric data sensor is also connected to the atmospheric data computer; The atmospheric data sensor is used for meteorological detection to obtain detection data; The atmospheric data computer is used to calculate the wind speed and wind direction by using the vector triangle method according to the airflow deflection angle in the detection data.

5. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The atmospheric data sensor is fixed by 8 M3×6 countersunk screws, and the mounting screw holes are designed to prevent wrong insertion.

6. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meteorological detection flight control and data display system uses two modes of display: real-time numerical value and data curve.

7. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The atmospheric data computer is powered by 5VDC and has a power consumption of no more than 5W.

8. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-icing heating power supply of the atmospheric data sensor is powered by 28VDC; the maximum power consumption at power-on is no more than 32W.

9. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The atmospheric data sensor is provided with a plug and a 0.6m±0.1m cable; the maximum outer diameter of the plug is not greater than 13mm; and the shell length of the atmospheric data sensor is not greater than 50mm.

10. The fixed-wing UAV weather detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weather detection flight control and data display system is also used to issue flight control instructions to control the flight of the fixed-wing UAV platform.

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