Optical cable

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of cables, and particularly relates to an optical cable. The cable comprises a sheath layer, a compression-resistant structure layer and a core wire. The sheath layer wraps the outer side of the compression-resistant structure layer, the compression-resistant structure layer wraps the outer side of the core wire, and the compression-resistant structure layer is composed of a plurality of compression-resistant single bodies which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; each compression-resistant single body is of a double-layer structure, an inner layer and an outer layer are staggered in the circumferential direction to form the structure shaped like the Chinese character'ji ', the bottom of the radial innermost end of the inner layer is in circumferential butt joint in the circumferential direction, the outermost side of the inner layer is in a separated state, the radial outermost side of the outer layer is in butt joint with the inner wall of the sheath layer, and the outer layers are separated from each other. The outer layers extend in the same direction and cover the outer surfaces of the inner layers of the adjacent compression-resistant single bodies in the same circumferential direction to form lap joint. The optical cable keeps good flexibility in the storage and transportation process, reel storage of the optical cable is facilitated, and after the optical cable is laid and subjected to circumferential static pressure generated by the environment, the optical cable can form double-layer circumferential hardening through spontaneous structural deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cables, and in particular relates to an optical cable. Background Art

[0002] Optical cable is a common and frequently used communication cable, which is used to transmit optical signals to realize its communication function.

[0003] With the popularization of optical cables, the laying methods of optical cables are becoming more and more diverse. At present, underwater laying and underground burying of optical cables are becoming more and more common, becoming one of the conventional laying methods of optical cables. However, optical cables do not have the same good pressure resistance as electrical cables, and they are very prone to pressure loss when subjected to strong circumferential static pressure.

[0004] The common method is to install a rigid pipe outside the optical cable to protect it. However, the installation of the pipe will greatly prolong the cable laying period and increase the cable laying cost. In some environments, the actual static pressure is not particularly large. If the static pressure resistance of the optical cable is strengthened, the installation of the protective pipe can be effectively avoided, thereby improving the laying efficiency and cost of the optical cable and avoiding its damage. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems that the existing optical cables have limited ability to resist circumferential static pressure and are easily damaged by the circumferential static pressure generated by water or soil when laid underwater or buried underground, the present invention provides an optical cable.

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is: 1. It can effectively improve the ability of optical cables to resist circumferential static pressure; 2. It can effectively maintain the flexibility of the optical cable.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] An optical cable, comprising: Sheath layer, compression-resistant structural layer and core wire; The sheath layer is coated on the outside of the pressure-resistant structural layer, the pressure-resistant structural layer is coated on the outside of the core wire, and the pressure-resistant structural layer is composed of a plurality of pressure-resistant monomers uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; The compression-resistant monomer is a double-layer structure, with an outer layer close to the inner wall of the sheath layer and an inner layer close to the core wire, and the inner layer and the outer layer are staggered in the circumferential direction to form the aforementioned U-shaped structure; The radially innermost bottom of the inner layer of the compression-resistant monomer forms a circumferential abutment in the circumferential direction, but the radially outermost side of the inner layer is in a separated state; The radial outermost side of the outer layer of the compression-resistant monomer abuts against the inner wall of the sheath layer, and the outer layers are separated from each other. The outer layers of several compression-resistant monomers extend in the same direction and cover the outer surfaces of the inner layers of adjacent compression-resistant monomers in the same circumferential direction to form an overlap.

[0009] As a preference, A plurality of elastic rubber sticks are also filled between the adjacent inner layers of the compression-resistant monomers.

[0010] As a preference, The radial inner side of the outer layer of the pressure-resistant monomer and the radial outer side of the inner layer of the pressure-resistant monomer are provided with mutually matching clamping structures.

[0011] As a preference, A buffer tube is arranged on the outer surface of the core wire.

[0012] As a preference, The buffer tube is petal-shaped in the radial cross section of the optical cable, and a number of protrusions are evenly formed outward in the circumferential direction, and the number of the protrusions is equal to the number of the compression-resistant monomers in the compression-resistant structural layer; The radial inner end of the inner layer of the compression-resistant unit abuts against the convex outer surface of the buffer tube.

[0013] As a preference, The inner layer of the compression-resistant monomer is also provided with a long groove structure along the circumferential direction.

[0014] As a preference, The inner wall of the radially outer side of the long slot structure is arched outward in the radial direction, and an elastic strip is provided in the long slot structure to fit the inner wall of the radially inner side of the long slot structure.

[0015] As a preference, The outer layer of the compression-resistant monomer is provided with an embedding groove structure along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of thin glue sticks are arranged and filled in the embedding groove structure.

[0016] As a preference, The core line is composed of a single optical fiber line or an optical fiber bundle wrapped by a bundle tube, and serves as a main functional line for transmitting optical signals.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The optical cable of the present invention maintains good flexibility during storage and transportation, which facilitates its reel storage. After being laid and subjected to the circumferential static pressure generated by the environment, it can form double-layer circumferential hardening through spontaneous structural deformation, thereby forming effective anti-static pressure protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the optical cable of the present invention after being compressed and deformed by force; In the figure: 100 sheath layer, 200 pressure-resistant structural layer, 201 pressure-resistant monomer, 2011 outer layer, 20111 embedded groove structure, 20112 thin rubber stick, 2012 inner layer, 20121 long groove structure, 20122 elastic strip, 202 elastic rubber stick, 300 core wire, 400 buffer tube, 401 protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. A person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only embodiments of a part of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined, and "several" means one or more.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available or available to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the examples of the present invention are all methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0023] Example A kind of Figure 1 The optical cable shown specifically comprises: A sheath layer 100, a compression-resistant structural layer 200 and a core wire 300; The core wire 300 is arranged inside the sheath layer 100 and the compression-resistant structural layer 200 and at the axis of the optical cable, and is composed of a bundle tube covering a single optical fiber or an optical fiber bundle, and serves as the main functional line for transmitting optical signals; The compression-resistant structural layer 200 is composed of a plurality of compression-resistant monomers 201 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; The compression-resistant monomer 201 is in a U-shaped shape in the radial cross section of the optical cable, and is a double-layer structure, with an outer layer 2011 close to the inner wall of the sheath layer 100 and an inner layer 2012 close to the core wire 300, and the inner layer 2012 and the outer layer 2011 are staggered in the circumferential direction to form the aforementioned U-shaped structure; The bottom of the radial innermost end of the inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 forms a circumferential abutment in the circumferential direction, but the radial outermost end of the inner layer 2012 is in a separated state, so that adjacent compression-resistant monomers 201 form a matching form with inner ends in contact and outer ends open. At the same time, a number of elastic rubber rods 202 are filled between the inner layers 2012 of adjacent compression-resistant monomers 201. The diameter and number of the elastic rubber rods 202 used for filling depend on the structure of the compression-resistant monomer 201 used in the actual optical cable structure and the size of the gaps remaining between the inner layers 2012 of the compression-resistant monomers 201. The radial outermost side of the outer layer 2011 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 abuts against the inner wall of the jacket layer 100, and the outer layers 2011 are separated from each other. The outer layers 2011 of a plurality of the compression-resistant monomers 201 extend in the same direction and cover the outer surfaces of the inner layers 2012 of adjacent compression-resistant monomers 201 in the same circumferential direction to form an overlap. With the cooperation of the above structure, the optical cable of the present invention can form good compressive resistance, because when the optical cable is subjected to the static pressure of the water body, the static pressure acts circumferentially and evenly on the outside of the optical cable, so that the compression-resistant structural layer 200 forms radial contraction as a whole, and the radial contraction makes the inner layer 2012 and the outer layer 2011 of the adjacent compression-resistant monomers 201 relatively gathered, and because the inner layer 2012 and the outer layer 2011 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 are radially compressed, they actually form a circumferential extension, such as Figure 2As shown, the compression-resistant monomer 201 eventually forms a circumferential closed abutment, but the closed abutment of the inner layer 2012 will be earlier than that of the outer layer 2011. At this time, since the compression-resistant monomer 201 is squeezed and compressed, a circumferential stiffness will be formed, and it has a certain ability to resist circumferential static pressure. On the other hand, since the present invention also provides an elastic rubber stick 202 filled between the compression-resistant monomer 201 and the inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant structural layer 200, the elastic rubber stick 202 will simultaneously form a circumferential force on the compression-resistant monomer 201, so that the inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 has a higher ring stiffness. The arrangement of the elastic rubber rod 202 makes the inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 form a closed abutment and have annular rigidity, while the outer layer 2011 is still in an unclosed separated state, so it also has a certain elastic buffering capacity, so that when the optical cable of the present invention is subjected to the static pressure of the water body to form annular rigidity compression, when the static pressure is not enough to completely compress the optical cable to form annular hardening, the optical cable will retain a certain flexible buffering performance to cope with complex environmental changes and have a better use effect. When the static pressure of the external water body on the optical cable is large enough, the outer layer 2011 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 will also form annular hardening; In this regard, in order to further improve the stability of the annular hardened structure formed by the outer layer 2011 of the compression-resistant monomer 201, mutually adaptable clamping structures are provided on the radial inner side of the outer layer 2011 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 and the radial outer side of the inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant monomer 201.

[0024] Furthermore, In order to prevent the compression-resistant structural layer 200 of the present invention from causing extrusion damage to the internal core wire 300 before the compression-resistant structural layer 200 forms annular hardening, the present invention further provides a buffer tube 400 on the outer surface of the core wire 300. The buffer tube 400 is petal-shaped on the radial cross section of the optical cable, and a plurality of protrusions 401 are uniformly formed outward in the circumferential direction, and the number of the protrusions 401 is equal to the number of the compression-resistant monomers 201 in the compression-resistant structural layer 200. The radial inner end of the inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant unit 201 abuts against the outer surface of the protrusion 401 of the buffer tube 400 ; With the cooperation of the buffer tube 400 of the above structure, it is possible to avoid as much as possible the damage of the core wire 300 caused by the external force acting on the core wire 300 before the compression-resistant structural layer 200 forms an annular hardening.

[0025] Furthermore, The inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 of the present invention is further provided with a circumferentially long groove structure 20121, the inner wall of the radially outer side of the long groove structure 20121 is arched radially outward, and the long groove structure 20121 is provided with an elastic strip 20122 that fits the radially inner wall of the long groove structure 20121; Due to the special structure of the compression-resistant monomer 201 and the cooperation of the elastic rubber rod 202, the inner layer 2012 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 will eventually form circumferential extrusion to a certain extent, which may lead to contraction. At this time, the long groove structure 20121 will form compression along the circumferential direction and drive the elastic strip 20122 to arch outward, forming an outward abutment support, further enhancing the compression resistance of the optical cable; The outer layer 2011 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 is also provided with a circumferential groove structure 20111, and a plurality of thin rubber rods 20112 are arranged and filled in the groove structure 20111. The arrangement of the thin rubber rods 20112 ensures that after the outer layer 2011 of the compression-resistant monomer 201 is subjected to radial compression, the thin rubber rods 20112 filled in the groove structure 20111 will form a greater deformation recovery force as a whole, so as to enhance the compression resistance of the overall optical cable.

Claims

1. An optical cable, characterized in that: include: Sheath layer, compression-resistant structural layer and core wire; The sheath layer is coated on the outside of the pressure-resistant structural layer, the pressure-resistant structural layer is coated on the outside of the core wire, and the pressure-resistant structural layer is composed of a plurality of pressure-resistant monomers uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; The compression-resistant monomer is a double-layer structure, with an outer layer close to the inner wall of the sheath layer and an inner layer close to the core wire, and the inner layer and the outer layer are staggered in the circumferential direction to form the aforementioned U-shaped structure; The radially innermost bottom of the inner layer of the compression-resistant monomer forms a circumferential abutment in the circumferential direction, but the radially outermost side of the inner layer is in a separated state; The radial outermost side of the outer layer of the compression-resistant monomer abuts against the inner wall of the sheath layer, and the outer layers are separated from each other. The outer layers of several compression-resistant monomers extend in the same direction and cover the outer surfaces of the inner layers of adjacent compression-resistant monomers in the same circumferential direction to form an overlap.

2. An optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of elastic rubber sticks are also filled between the adjacent inner layers of the compression-resistant monomers.

3. An optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial inner side of the outer layer of the pressure-resistant monomer and the radial outer side of the inner layer of the pressure-resistant monomer are provided with mutually matching clamping structures.

4. An optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer tube is arranged on the outer surface of the core wire.

5. An optical cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer tube is petal-shaped in the radial cross section of the optical cable, and a number of protrusions are evenly formed outward in the circumferential direction, and the number of the protrusions is equal to the number of the compression-resistant monomers in the compression-resistant structural layer; The radial inner end of the inner layer of the compression-resistant unit abuts against the convex outer surface of the buffer tube.

6. The optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner layer of the compression-resistant monomer is also provided with a long groove structure along the circumferential direction.

7. An optical cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the radially outer side of the long slot structure is arched outward in the radial direction, and an elastic strip is provided in the long slot structure to fit the inner wall of the radially inner side of the long slot structure.

8. The optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer of the compression-resistant monomer is provided with an embedding groove structure along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of thin glue sticks are arranged and filled in the embedding groove structure.

9. The optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The core line is composed of a single optical fiber line or an optical fiber bundle wrapped by a bundle tube, and serves as a main functional line for transmitting optical signals.

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