Display module and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a display module and a display device, the display module comprises a display panel and a peep-proof assembly, the peep-proof assembly comprises a first dimming box, and the first dimming box comprises a shading layer and a dimming layer; the light shielding layer is located on the light incident side and comprises a plurality of light shielding parts arranged in the first direction at intervals. The dimming layer is located on the peep-proof side and comprises a plurality of first dimming parts and a plurality of second dimming parts which are alternately arranged, the first dimming parts correspond to the shading parts in position, the first dimming parts have a fog state and a light transmission state, and the second dimming parts have a first transmission state and a first refraction state; wherein in the first mode, the first dimming part is in a light transmission state, and the second dimming part is in a first refraction state, so that the light transmittance of the peep-proof side is reduced in the side view direction of the display module; and in the second mode, the first dimming part is in the fog state, and the second dimming part is in the first transmission state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] The development of smart cars integrates many advanced technologies. Among them, the in-vehicle LCD screen, as the core component of the display system, has also become the "hard currency" in the smart car industry chain. Following the intelligentization of in-vehicle screens, high-end, large-screen, multi-screen, and connected screens have become the new trend of cockpit displays, and are expected to become a new vane for smart cars. The existing anti-peeping solutions for integrated in-vehicle displays are usually optimized and adjusted based on the design of the liquid crystal dimming box. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal in the liquid crystal dimming box can switch between fog penetration in the two states of power on and power off, thereby realizing the regulation of the transmitted light; however, the existing liquid crystal box anti-peeping solutions will have the problem of large viewing angle anti-warping and large-angle light brightness that cannot meet the requirements. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a display module and a display device, which can not only block and absorb light with a wide viewing angle, thereby avoiding brightness distortion of light with a wide viewing angle, but also enable the display module to switch between an anti-peeping mode and a sharing mode.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to a first aspect of the present application, a display module is provided, comprising a display panel and an anti-peeping component located on one side of the display panel, wherein the anti-peeping component has a light incident side and an anti-peeping side opposite to each other, and the anti-peeping component comprises a first dimming box, wherein the first dimming box comprises:

[0005] a light shielding layer, located at the light incident side, the light shielding layer comprising a plurality of light shielding portions spaced apart in a first direction; and

[0006] A dimming layer, located on the anti-peeping side, comprising a plurality of first dimming parts and a plurality of second dimming parts, wherein in the first direction, the plurality of first dimming parts and the plurality of second dimming parts are arranged alternately, and the first dimming parts correspond to the positions of the light shielding parts, the first dimming parts have a foggy state and a light-transmitting state, and the second dimming parts have a first transmission state and a first refraction state;

[0007] Wherein, in the first mode, the first dimming unit is in the light-transmitting state, and the second dimming unit is in the first refractive state, so as to reduce the light transmittance on the anti-peeping side in the side-viewing direction of the display module;

[0008] In the second mode, the first dimming unit is in the haze state, and the second dimming unit is in the first transmission state.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first dimming box further includes a first polarizer, the light shielding layer is disposed between the first polarizer and the display panel, and the dimming layer is disposed between the first polarizer and the display panel;

[0010] The first dimming unit is configured as a polymer retaining wall, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer retaining wall;

[0011] The second dimming unit is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit;

[0012] Among them, the dimming layer also includes a first driving unit and a second driving unit, the first driving unit is arranged corresponding to the first dimming unit to drive the polymer retaining wall to switch between the foggy state and the transparent state, and the second driving unit is arranged corresponding to the second dimming unit to drive the liquid crystal dimming unit to switch between the first refractive state and the first transmission state.

[0013] In one embodiment, the dimming layer further includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer arranged opposite to each other, the second electrode layer includes a plurality of first driving electrodes and a plurality of second driving electrodes, and in the first direction, the plurality of first driving electrodes and the plurality of second driving electrodes are arranged alternately;

[0014] The polymer barrier is disposed between the first electrode layer and the first driving electrode;

[0015] The liquid crystal dimming unit is arranged between the first electrode layer and the second driving electrode;

[0016] Wherein, the first driving part includes the first driving electrode and a corresponding part of the first electrode layer;

[0017] The second driving part includes the second driving electrode and a corresponding portion of the first electrode layer.

[0018] In one embodiment, the height of the polymer retaining wall is the same as the height of the liquid crystal dimming unit;

[0019] The surfaces of the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are arranged flush with each other.

[0020] In one embodiment, in the first direction, the distance between two adjacent light shielding portions is set to 7-40 μm;

[0021] The thickness of the light shielding portion is set to 3-5 μm.

[0022] In one embodiment, the light shielding layer further includes a plurality of filling portions, each of the filling portions is disposed between two adjacent light shielding portions, and the surface of the light shielding layer facing the anti-peeping side is flattened.

[0023] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the filling portion is set to be less than 1.3.

[0024] In one embodiment, the second dimming unit is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit, and the first dimming box further includes a first polarizer;

[0025] The anti-peeping component further includes a second dimming box stacked on one side of the first dimming box, and the second dimming box includes:

[0026] a second polarizer, arranged opposite to the first polarizer; and

[0027] A liquid crystal dimming layer is disposed between the second polarizer and the first polarizer, or between the second polarizer and the display panel, and the liquid crystal dimming layer has a second transmission state and a second refraction state;

[0028] In the first mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer is in the second refractive state, and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer on the first polarizer is arranged at an angle to the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming part on the first polarizer;

[0029] In the second mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer is in the second transmission state.

[0030] In one embodiment, the anti-peeping component comprises at least two of the first dimming boxes stacked in layers;

[0031] The shading parts in two adjacent first dimming boxes correspond to each other in position.

[0032] According to a second aspect of the present application, a display device is provided, comprising the above-mentioned display module.

[0033] In the display module of the embodiment of the present application, an anti-peeping component is arranged on one side of the display panel, and a plurality of shading parts are arranged at the light incident side position to block and absorb the light with a wide viewing angle, thereby avoiding the brightness reversal of the light with a wide viewing angle, and further reducing the brightness percentage of the light with a wide viewing angle; and a dimming layer is arranged at the anti-peeping side position, and in a first mode, the first dimming part is in a light-transmitting state for allowing light to be transmitted, and at the same time, the second dimming part is in a first refractive state to reduce the light transmittance on the anti-peeping side in the side viewing direction of the display module, thereby making the light of the display module darker in the side viewing direction to achieve anti-peeping; in a second mode, the second dimming part is in a first transmission state, so that it can transmit light, which is beneficial to improving the utilization efficiency of light; and the first dimming part is in a foggy state, so that it can scatter the light transmitted thereto, so that the brightness of the light at each viewing angle is almost the same and sharing is achieved; in this way, the display module can be switched between the anti-peeping mode and the sharing mode.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0036] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same figure numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first dimming box in an anti-peeping component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of light and liquid crystal molecules in the side view direction of the display module in the first mode of the privacy protection component of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a model diagram of the light and liquid crystal molecules of the privacy protection component of the present application in the side view direction of the display module in the first mode;

[0040] Figure 4 A top view of a light shielding layer in a first dimming box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the electrode layer structure of the first dimming box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a first film layer of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a second film layer of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a third film layer of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the film layers of the display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0047] The present application provides a display module 100. Figure 1 and Figure 6 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first dimming box 21 in the display module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the first film layer of the anti-peeping component 2 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The display module 100 includes a display panel 1, and an anti-peeping component 2 located on one side of the display panel 1, the anti-peeping component 2 having a light incident side A and an anti-peeping side B relative to each other, the anti-peeping component 2 includes a first dimming box 21, the first dimming box 21 includes a shading layer 211 and a dimming layer 212; the shading layer 211 is located on the light incident side A, the shading layer 211 includes a plurality of shading portions 2111 spaced apart in a first direction F1; the dimming layer 212 is located on the anti-peeping side B, the dimming layer 212 includes a plurality of first dimming portions 2121 and a plurality of second dimming portions 2122, in the first direction F1, the plurality of first dimming portions 2111 and a plurality of second dimming portions 2112 are spaced apart in a first direction F1. 121 and multiple second dimming parts 2122 are arranged alternately, and the first dimming part 2121 corresponds to the position of the shading part 2111, the first dimming part 2121 has a foggy state and a transparent state, and the second dimming part 2122 has a first transmission state and a first refraction state; wherein, in the first mode, the first dimming part 2121 is in the transparent state, and the second dimming part 2122 is in the first refraction state, so as to reduce the light transmittance of the anti-peep side B in the side viewing direction of the display module 100; in the second mode, the first dimming part 2121 is in the foggy state, and the second dimming part 2122 is in the first transmission state.

[0048] It is known that currently, the client generally requires the anti-peeping viewing angle to be less than or equal to 45°, such as 45° anti-peeping, 30° anti-peeping or 25° anti-peeping. In the prior art, when a liquid crystal dimming box is used for anti-peeping design, after the anti-peeping mode is turned on, there will be a problem of brightness reversal at a viewing angle greater than 50°, which will affect the anti-peeping effect.

[0049] By setting the shading layer 211 at the position of the light incident side A, the shading layer 211 includes a plurality of shading portions 2111 spaced apart in the first direction F1, and the shading portions 2111 can block and absorb light with a wide viewing angle, thereby avoiding brightness reversal of light with a wide viewing angle, and further reducing the brightness percentage of light with a wide viewing angle.

[0050] In addition, a dimming layer 212 is provided at the position of the anti-peeping side B. In the first mode, the first dimming portion 2121 is in the light-transmitting state for allowing light to be transmitted, and the second dimming portion 2122 is in the first refractive state to reduce the light transmittance of the anti-peeping side in the side-viewing direction of the display module 100, thereby making the light of the display module 100 darker in the side-viewing direction to achieve anti-peeping; in the second mode, the second dimming portion 2122 is in the first transmission state, thereby being able to transmit light, which is beneficial to improving the utilization efficiency of light; and the first dimming portion 2121 is in a foggy state, thereby being able to scatter the light transmitted thereto, thereby making the brightness of light at each viewing angle almost the same and achieving sharing; in this way, the display module 100 can be switched between the anti-peeping mode and the sharing mode.

[0051] The present application does not limit the specific location of the anti-peeping component 2, and the anti-peeping component 2 can be arranged on the display side of the display panel 1 or on the back side of the display panel 1. The following takes "the anti-peeping component 2 is arranged on the back side of the display panel 1" as an example for explanation.

[0052] Based on the above embodiment, the dimming principles of the first dimming unit 2121 and the second dimming unit 2122 are described below.

[0053] In one embodiment, the first dimming box 21 also includes a first polarizer 213, the shading layer 211 is arranged between the first polarizer 213 and the display panel 1, and the dimming layer 212 is arranged between the first polarizer 213 and the display panel 1; the first dimming unit 2121 is configured as a polymer baffle, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer baffle; the second dimming unit 2122 is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit; wherein the dimming layer 212 also includes a first driving unit and a second driving unit, the first driving unit is arranged corresponding to the first dimming unit 2121 to drive the polymer baffle to switch between the foggy state and the transparent state, and the second driving unit is arranged corresponding to the second dimming unit 2122 to drive the liquid crystal dimming unit to switch between the first refractive state and the first transmission state.

[0054] It can be known that in the related art, a layer of polarizer with optical axis parallel to the upper and lower sides of the half-wave plate is added. When the incident direction of the linear polarized light passing through the polarizer located on the lower side is at an angle of 45° or -45° with the long axis of the half-wave plate, the polarization direction of the linear polarized light passing through the half-wave plate is exactly rotated 90 degrees and is absorbed by the polarizer located on the upper side. Therefore, the linear polarized light passing through the polarizer located on the lower side cannot pass through the polarizer located on the upper side.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, since the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second dimming unit 2122 have birefringence and dielectric properties, the second dimming unit 2122 can form a half-wave plate while also having switching properties; at the same time, since the display panel includes a display layer 11, and a first polarizing layer 12 and a second polarizing layer 13 located on both sides of the display layer 11; therefore, when the anti-peeping component 2 is disposed on the back side of the display panel 1, the second dimming unit 2122 is close to the first polarizing layer 12 of the display panel 1 located on its back side; the first dimming box 21 also includes a first polarizer 213, and the dimming layer 212 is disposed between the first polarizer 213 and the display panel 1; that is, the first polarizer 213 and the first polarizing layer 12 are located on both sides of the second dimming unit 2122 respectively.

[0056] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the first polarizer 213 is arranged to be parallel to the light transmission axis of the first polarizing layer 12, and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 212a in the second dimming unit 2122 and the plane where the first polarizer 213 is located is arranged to be an acute angle.

[0057] At the same time, the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second dimming unit 2122 have birefringence characteristics, wherein n e is the refractive index of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 212a, no is the refractive index of the short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 212a; the first polarizer 213 is located in the xy plane, the normal direction of the first polarizer 213 is the z-axis direction perpendicular to the xy plane, the liquid crystal molecule 212a is in the yz plane, and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 212a and the first direction F1 is β. Among them, the x-axis is set to the second direction F2, the y-axis is set to the first direction F1, and the z-axis is set to the third direction F3.

[0058] In the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light is located in the xz plane and the angle between the light and the z axis is θ, and the angle between the light and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 212a in the second dimming unit 2122 is α. At this time, the liquid crystal molecule 212a has a refractive index no and an effective refractive index ne' of the effective long axis, wherein the effective refractive index ne' satisfies ne'=ne×no÷(ne 2cos 2 α+no 2 sin 2 α) 1 / 2 , and the pointing vector of the effective long axis is located in a plane perpendicular to the light in the side viewing direction F4 of the display module 100. At this time, the angle between the pointing vector of the effective long axis and the polarization direction of the linear polarized light is γ.

[0059] As described above, when the value of the angle γ is equal to 45°, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 212a forms an angle β with the first direction F1, and β=arc tan((1+tanθ) / (2 1 / 2 tanθ)).

[0060] In the side viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light forms an angle α with the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 212a, and satisfies α=arc cos(cosθ×sm(arc tan((1+tanθ) / (2 1 / 2 tanθ)))).

[0061] At this time, the phase delay difference of the second dimming part 2122 is 2π(ne′-no)d′ / λ, d′ is the travel distance of the linear polarized light in the second dimming part 2122, ne′ and no are the refractive index parameters of the liquid crystal molecule 212a, λ is the wavelength, and after the liquid crystal molecule 212a is selected, the refractive index parameters of the liquid crystal molecule 212a cannot be changed, wherein d′ is related to the thickness d of the second dimming part 2122, d′=d / cos θ, so the phase delay difference 2π(ne′-no)d′ / λ of the second dimming part 2122 can be achieved by changing d′. When k=0, ±1, ±2..., the second dimming part 2122 has the effect of a half-wave plate. That is, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 forms linearly polarized light and then enters the second dimming unit 2122. In the side viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the polarization direction of the linear polarized light is rotated by 90 degrees after passing through the second dimming unit 2122, so that it is absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 cannot pass through the first polarizing layer 12, thereby achieving anti-peeping in the side viewing direction F4 of the display module 100.

[0062] In summary, it can be seen that the pointing vector of the effective long axis is located in a plane perpendicular to the light in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, that is, in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the angles between the pointing vector of the effective long axis at different angles and the polarization direction of the linear polarized light are different. Therefore, it can be seen that in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the brightness of the light seen at different angles is different, and different degrees of privacy protection can be achieved. When the angle between the pointing vector of the effective long axis and the polarization direction of the linear polarized light is 45°, at this time, in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 cannot pass through the first polarizing layer 12, and complete privacy protection can be achieved in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100.

[0063] Furthermore, the first dimming unit 2121 is configured as a polymer barrier wall, in which polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed. The first driving unit is arranged corresponding to the first dimming unit 2121 to drive the polymer barrier wall to switch between the fog state and the light-transmitting state.

[0064] The first dimming unit 2121 adopts PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal, Chinese abbreviation: dimming film), and is provided with a first driving unit and the polymer barrier wall; the first driving unit is usually two electrodes, and when the two electrodes are energized, a stable electric field is generated between the two electrodes, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules in the polymer barrier wall gather, and at this time, the first dimming unit 2121 is in a transparent state of transmitting light; and, by adjusting the voltage applied to the two electrodes, the electric field between the two electrodes can be adjusted, so that the dispersion degree of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules in the polymer barrier wall changes, so that the polymer barrier wall has different scattering capabilities for light, thereby adjusting the haze of the first dimming unit 2121; when the two electrodes are powered off, the electric field between the two electrodes disappears, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are completely dispersed, and at this time, the first dimming unit 2121 is in a foggy state that completely scatters light.

[0065] As can be seen from the above, in the first mode, the first dimming unit 2121 is in the light-transmitting state for light transmission, and the second dimming unit 2122 is in the first refractive state. At this time, in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 forms linear polarized light and then enters the second dimming unit 2122. After the linear polarized light passes through the second dimming unit 2122, the polarization direction of the linear polarized light rotates, so that it is at least partially absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light transmittance of the anti-peeping side is greatly reduced, so that the light of the display module 100 in the side-viewing direction F4 is darker to achieve anti-peeping. The first mode is also an anti-peeping mode.

[0066] In the second mode, the second dimming unit 2122 is in the first transmission state, so that it can transmit light, which is beneficial to improve the utilization efficiency of light; and the first dimming unit 2121 is in the mist state, which can scatter the light transmitted thereto, so that the brightness of light at each viewing angle is almost the same and can be shared. The second mode is also a sharing mode.

[0067] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first dimming box 21 in the anti-peeping component 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the anti-peeping component 2 is arranged on the back side of the display panel 1, the side of the display module 100 facing away from the display panel 1 is set as the light incident side A, and the side of the display module 100 facing the display panel 1 is set as the anti-peeping side B; the first polarizer 213 is arranged opposite to the first polarizing layer 12 located on the back side of the display panel 1; the light shielding layer 211 is arranged on the side of the first polarizer 213 facing the first polarizing layer 12; and the light-adjusting layer 212 is arranged between the light shielding layer 211 and the first polarizing layer 12.

[0068] See also Figure 4 The light shielding layer 211 includes a plurality of light shielding portions 2111 spaced apart in the first direction F1, and each of the light shielding portions 2111 is disposed along the second direction F2.

[0069] The present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the setting of the shading portion 2111. In the first direction F1, the distance H between two adjacent shading portions 2111 is set to 7μm to 40μm; the thickness T1 of the shading portion 2111 is set to 3μm to 5μm. By adjusting the distance between two adjacent shading portions 2111 and the thickness of the shading portion 2111, it is possible to block light of different wide viewing angles. For example, the distance between two adjacent shading portions 2111 is set to 10μm; the thickness of the shading portion 2111 is set to 4.2μm, which can block and absorb light with a wide viewing angle of more than 50°.

[0070] The present application does not impose any specific limitation on the material of the light shielding portion 2111 . In one embodiment, the light shielding portion 2111 may be configured as a black matrix photoresist material.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 The light shielding layer 211 further includes a plurality of filling portions 2112 , each of the filling portions 2112 being disposed between two adjacent light shielding portions 2111 , so as to planarize the surface of the light shielding layer 211 facing the first polarizing layer 12 .

[0072] Typically, the material of the filling portion 2112 used for flattening includes but is not limited to acrylic resin or acrylic resin material; the refractive index of the filling portion 2112 can be adjusted in the range of 1.3 to 1.7, and a refractive index of about 1.55 is usually selected; in order to further improve the light collecting ability, the refractive index of the filling portion 2112 can be set to be less than 1.3.

[0073] See also Figure 5 The dimming layer 212 also includes a first electrode layer 2123 and a second electrode layer 2124 that are arranged opposite to each other, the second electrode layer 2124 includes a plurality of first driving electrodes 2124a and a plurality of second driving electrodes 2124b, and in the first direction F1, the plurality of first driving electrodes 2124a and the plurality of second driving electrodes 2124b are alternately arranged; the polymer retaining wall is arranged between the first electrode layer 2123 and the first driving electrode 2124a; the liquid crystal dimming part is arranged between the first electrode layer 2123 and the second driving electrode 2124b; wherein, the first driving part includes the first driving electrode 2124a and a corresponding part of the first electrode layer 2123; the second driving part includes the second driving electrode 2124b and a corresponding part of the first electrode layer 2123.

[0074] In this embodiment, multiple first driving electrodes 2124a and the first electrode layer 2123 jointly regulate the polymer retaining wall; multiple second driving electrodes 2124b and the first electrode layer 2123 jointly regulate the liquid crystal dimming part; in this way, independent regulation of the polymer retaining wall and the liquid crystal dimming part can be achieved; at the same time, multiple first driving electrodes 2124a and multiple second driving electrodes 2124b belong to the second electrode layer 2124, that is, the second electrode layer 2124 can be patterned to form the first driving electrode 2124a and the second driving electrode 2124b, thereby simplifying the electrode design scheme.

[0075] Based on this, in order to ensure the consistency of the thickness of the dimming layer 212, in the thickness direction F3 of the display module 100, the height of the polymer retaining wall is the same as the height of the liquid crystal dimming part; the surfaces of the first driving electrode 2124a and the second driving electrode 2124b are arranged flush.

[0076] As mentioned above, the first dimming unit 2121 is configured as a polymer retaining wall, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer retaining wall. In the actual process, when forming the polymer retaining wall, a mask needs to be used during exposure. After the collimated UV light passes through a layer of unidirectional diffusion film, the diffusion angle of the diffused UV light in the first direction F1 is 60°, and the diffusion angle in the second direction F2 is 1°, forming an uneven UV light illumination distribution, wherein the polymer monomers undergo photopolymerization in the bright area, gather at the top of the polymer retaining wall, and further converge the light to the bottom of the polymer retaining wall, and the monomers in the unilluminated area will diffuse toward the bright area along the concentration gradient, promote polymer induced phase separation, and proceed in the illuminated area to form an alternating polymer liquid crystal structured microstructure, so that the polymer retaining wall can allow light to pass through in the transparent state and scatter light in the foggy state.

[0077] It can be known that, in some embodiments, the thickness of the second dimming unit 2122 is set to 2μm~7μm. If the thickness of the second dimming unit 2122 is too thick, it will not only cause excessive gravity of the liquid crystal but also increase the difficulty of the manufacturing process. Both of the above situations will easily cause uneven display, so the thickness of the second dimming unit 2122 should not be too thick. Further, the thickness of the second dimming unit 2122 is set to 3μm~5μm, and the thickness of the second dimming unit 2122 is set to 2μm~7μm, or even to 3μm~5μm, which not only has a better anti-peeping effect, but also reduces the difficulty of the manufacturing process and avoids the occurrence of uneven display.

[0078] At the same time, in order to ensure the consistency of the thickness of the dimming layer 212 , the height of the second dimming unit 2122 is also set to 2 μm to 7 μm.

[0079] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, the display module 100 further includes a first substrate 214 and a second substrate 215 which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first substrate 214 is arranged close to the display panel 1; the light-shielding layer 211 is arranged on a side of the second substrate 215 facing the first substrate 214; the dimming layer 212 is arranged on a side of the light-shielding layer 211 facing the first substrate 214; and the first polarizer 213 is arranged on a side of the second substrate 215 facing away from the first substrate 214.

[0080] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the first film layer of the display module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The anti-peeping component 2 includes a first dimming box 21; a plurality of light shielding parts 2111 close to the light incident side A shield and absorb the light with a large viewing angle, thereby avoiding the brightness of the light with a large viewing angle from being reversed, thereby reducing the brightness percentage of the light with a large viewing angle.

[0081] At the same time, in the first mode, the first dimming unit 2121 is in the light-transmitting state for transmitting light, and the second dimming unit 2122 is in the first refractive state. In the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 forms linear polarized light and then enters the second dimming unit 2122. After the linear polarized light passes through the second dimming unit 2122, the polarization direction of the linear polarized light rotates, so that it is at least partially absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side-viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light transmittance of the anti-peeping side is greatly reduced, so that the light of the display module 100 in the side-viewing direction F4 is darker to achieve anti-peeping. The first mode is also an anti-peeping mode.

[0082] In the second mode, the second dimming unit 2122 is in the first transmission state, so that it can transmit light, which is beneficial to improve the utilization efficiency of light; and the first dimming unit 2121 is in the mist state, which can scatter the light transmitted thereto, so that the brightness of light at each viewing angle is almost the same and can be shared. The second mode is also a sharing mode.

[0083] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a second film layer of the display module 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The second dimming unit 2122 is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit, and the first dimming box 21 also includes a first polarizer 213; the privacy protection component 2 also includes a second dimming box 22 stacked on one side of the first dimming box 21, and the second dimming box 22 includes a second polarizer 221 and a liquid crystal dimming layer 222; the second polarizer 221 is arranged opposite to the first polarizer 213; the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is arranged between the second polarizer 221 and the first polarizer 213, or, between the second polarizer 221 and the display panel 1, and the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 has a second transmission state and a second refraction state; in the first mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is in the second refraction state, and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 on the first polarizer 213 is arranged at an angle with the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming unit on the first polarizer 213; in the second mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is in the second transmission state.

[0084] It should be noted that the regulation method of the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is the same as the regulation method of the second dimming unit 2122 .

[0085] It can be known that, when in the first mode, the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second dimming part 2122 are in a plane and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the first direction F1 is β, the display module 100 has an anti-peeping effect in the side-view direction on both sides of the first direction F1. Therefore, in the first mode, when the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second dimming part 2122 is the same as the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer 222, anti-peeping can only be achieved in two directions. In order to achieve a larger anti-peeping angle, it is necessary to set the liquid crystal molecules in the display module 100 to be tilted in multiple directions in the first mode.

[0086] In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second dimming part 2122 on the first polarizer 213 and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 on the first polarizer 213 have an angle, so a larger anti-peeping angle can be obtained. For example, when in the first mode, the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second dimming part 2122 are in the yz plane and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the first direction F1 is β, then the second dimming part 2122 has an anti-peeping effect in the side viewing direction on both sides of the first direction F1; and the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 has an orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules on the first polarizer 213. The liquid crystal molecules in the optical layer 222 are not in the yz plane. At this time, the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second dimming part 2122 on the first polarizer 213 and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 on the first polarizer 213 have an angle. Then, the anti-peep angle of the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is different from the anti-peep angle of the second dimming part 2122, so that the anti-peep angle of the display module 100 is the combination of the anti-peep angle of the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 and the anti-peep angle of the second dimming part 2122, so that a larger anti-peep angle can be obtained.

[0087] It should be noted that the present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the number of the second polarizer 221 and the liquid crystal dimming layer 222. The liquid crystal dimming layer 222 may be provided between two adjacent second polarizers 221. When the number of the second polarizers 221 is at least three, the number of the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is at least two. In actual use, since a single layer of the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 cannot achieve the theoretical anti-peeping effect, a plurality of liquid crystal dimming layers 222 are provided, and the plurality of liquid crystal dimming layers 222 can enhance the anti-peeping effect, so that the display module 100 is close to the theoretical anti-peeping effect.

[0088] For example, the number of the second polarizers 221 is set to three, and correspondingly, the number of the liquid crystal dimming layers 222 is set to two. In the first mode, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the two layers of the liquid crystal dimming layers 222 are parallel to the orthographic projections of the second polarizer 221.

[0089] The second dimming box 22 also includes a third substrate 223 and a fourth substrate 224 that are arranged opposite to each other; the fourth substrate 224 is arranged close to the first dimming box 21; two second polarizers 221 are arranged on two sides opposite to each other of the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224; the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is arranged between the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224.

[0090] The second dimming box 22 further includes a third electrode layer 225 and a fourth electrode layer 226 which are arranged opposite to each other. The third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226 are respectively located on two opposite surfaces of the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224; the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 is arranged between the third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226. The third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226 can be whole-surface electrodes or multiple electrode plates arranged at intervals.

[0091] The second dimming box 22 further includes a first alignment layer 227 and a second alignment layer 228 . The first alignment layer 227 is disposed on a side of the third electrode layer 225 close to the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 ; the second alignment layer 228 is disposed on a side of the fourth electrode layer 226 close to the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 .

[0092] The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer 222 are pre-aligned by the first alignment layer 227 and the second alignment layer 228 , wherein the first alignment layer 227 and the second alignment layer 228 include polyimide alignment films.

[0093] Furthermore, the third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226 are supported by the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224 , wherein the materials of the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224 can be glass, polyester resin, transparent polyimide, ultra-thin glass and the like.

[0094] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 The third film layer schematic diagram of the display module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The privacy protection component 2 comprises at least two first dimming boxes 21 stacked in layers; the light shielding portions 2111 in two adjacent first dimming boxes 21 are located in corresponding positions.

[0095] The difference from the second embodiment is that in the third embodiment, the anti-peeping component 2 is formed by stacking at least two of the first dimming boxes 21; the use of multiple layers of the second dimming parts 2122 can enhance the anti-peeping effect, so that the display module 100 is close to the theoretical anti-peeping effect.

[0096] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides a display device 1000. Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The display device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application is a schematic diagram of film layers. The display device 1000 includes a display module 100 , a backlight assembly 200 and a cover plate 300 .

[0097] It should be noted that the display module 100 is configured as the above-mentioned display module 100 , that is, the display module 100 includes all technical features of the above-mentioned display module 100 , and the display device 1000 includes all embodiments of the above-mentioned display module 100 .

[0098] The backlight assembly 200 is disposed on the back side of the display panel 1 in the display module 100. In one embodiment, the anti-peep assembly 2 in the display module 100 is disposed between the backlight assembly 200 and the display panel 1. The light emitted from the backlight assembly 200 first passes through the light shielding layer 211. The plurality of light shielding portions 2111 on the light shielding layer 211 can shield and absorb the light with a large viewing angle, thereby preventing the light with a large viewing angle from being reversed in brightness, thereby reducing the brightness percentage of the light with a large viewing angle.

[0099] In the first mode, the light emitted from the shading layer 211 passes through the first polarizer 213 and enters the dimming layer 212. At this time, the first dimming part 2121 is in the light-transmitting state for allowing light to pass through, and the second dimming part 2122 is in the first refractive state. In the side viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 forms linearly polarized light and then enters the second dimming part 2122. After the linear polarized light passes through the second dimming part 2122, the polarization direction of the linear polarized light rotates, so that it is at least partially absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side viewing direction F4 of the display module 100, the light transmittance on the anti-peeping side is greatly reduced, so that the light of the display module 100 in the side viewing direction F4 is darker to achieve anti-peeping.

[0100] In the second mode, the light emitted from the shading layer 211 enters the dimming layer 212 through the first polarizer 213. At this time, the second dimming unit 2122 is in the first transmission state, so that it can transmit the light, which is beneficial to improve the utilization efficiency of the light; and the first dimming unit 2121 is in the foggy state, so that it can scatter the light transmitted thereto, so that the brightness of the light at each viewing angle is almost the same and can be shared.

[0101] The cover plate 300 is disposed on a side of the display module 100 away from the backlight assembly 200 .

[0102] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0103] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0104] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0105] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: The device comprises a display panel and an anti-peeping component located on one side of the display panel, wherein the anti-peeping component has a light incident side and an anti-peeping side opposite to each other, and the anti-peeping component comprises a first dimming box, wherein the first dimming box comprises: a light shielding layer, located at the light incident side, the light shielding layer comprising a plurality of light shielding portions spaced apart in a first direction; and A dimming layer, located on the anti-peeping side, comprising a plurality of first dimming parts and a plurality of second dimming parts, wherein in the first direction, the plurality of first dimming parts and the plurality of second dimming parts are arranged alternately, and the first dimming parts correspond to the positions of the light shielding parts, the first dimming parts have a foggy state and a light-transmitting state, and the second dimming parts have a first transmission state and a first refraction state; Wherein, in the first mode, the first dimming unit is in the light-transmitting state, and the second dimming unit is in the first refractive state, so as to reduce the light transmittance on the anti-peeping side in the side-viewing direction of the display module; In the second mode, the first dimming unit is in the haze state, and the second dimming unit is in the first transmission state.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The first dimming box further includes a first polarizer, the light shielding layer is disposed between the first polarizer and the display panel, and the dimming layer is disposed between the first polarizer and the display panel; The first dimming unit is configured as a polymer retaining wall, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer retaining wall; The second dimming unit is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit; Among them, the dimming layer also includes a first driving unit and a second driving unit, the first driving unit is arranged corresponding to the first dimming unit to drive the polymer retaining wall to switch between the foggy state and the transparent state, and the second driving unit is arranged corresponding to the second dimming unit to drive the liquid crystal dimming unit to switch between the first refractive state and the first transmission state.

3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The dimming layer further includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer arranged opposite to each other, the second electrode layer includes a plurality of first driving electrodes and a plurality of second driving electrodes, and in the first direction, the plurality of first driving electrodes and the plurality of second driving electrodes are arranged alternately; The polymer barrier is disposed between the first electrode layer and the first driving electrode; The liquid crystal dimming unit is arranged between the first electrode layer and the second driving electrode; Wherein, the first driving part includes the first driving electrode and a corresponding part of the first electrode layer; The second driving part includes the second driving electrode and a corresponding portion of the first electrode layer.

4. The display module according to claim 3, wherein: The height of the polymer retaining wall is the same as the height of the liquid crystal dimming unit; The surfaces of the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are arranged flush with each other.

5. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: In the first direction, the distance between two adjacent light shielding portions is set to 7-40 μm; The thickness of the light shielding portion is set to 3-5 μm.

6. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The light shielding layer further includes a plurality of filling parts, each of which is arranged between two adjacent light shielding parts, and the surface of the light shielding layer facing the anti-peeping side is flattened.

7. The display module according to claim 6, wherein: The refractive index of the filling portion is set to be less than 1.

3.

8. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The second dimming unit is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit, and the first dimming box further includes a first polarizer; The anti-peeping component further includes a second dimming box stacked on one side of the first dimming box, and the second dimming box includes: a second polarizer, arranged opposite to the first polarizer; and A liquid crystal dimming layer is disposed between the second polarizer and the first polarizer, or between the second polarizer and the display panel, and the liquid crystal dimming layer has a second transmission state and a second refraction state; In the first mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer is in the second refractive state, and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer on the first polarizer is arranged at an angle to the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming part on the first polarizer; In the second mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer is in the second transmission state.

9. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-peeping component comprises at least two of the first dimming boxes stacked in layers; The shading parts in two adjacent first dimming boxes correspond to each other in position.

10. A display device, characterized in that: A display module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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