Performance evaluation device and method for Po trapping material

Abstract

The invention discloses a performance evaluation device and method for a Po trapping material, and relates to the technical field of radioactive waste gas treatment.The device comprises a gas pipeline, the gas inlet end of the gas pipeline is connected with a flow control valve, the rear end of the flow control valve is connected with a gas preheater, and the rear end of the gas preheater is connected with a high-temperature heating furnace; the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace is connected with a gas refrigerator, the rear end of the gas refrigerator is connected with a thermometer, the rear end of the thermometer is connected with a Po trapping material detection structure, and the rear end of the Po trapping material detection structure is connected with a pipeline pressure control structure; a gas pipeline between the gas preheater and the high-temperature heating furnace is connected with a branch pipe; and the branch pipe is connected with a liquid lead bismuth propelling structure. The evaluation of the Po-210 trapping performance of the trapping filter material under different temperature working conditions can be realized, a performance verification method of the Po-210 trapping filter material and even a Po-210 trap can be supported, and quantifiable trapping efficiency is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste gas treatment, and in particular to a performance evaluation device and method for Po capture materials. Background Art

[0002] Polonium-210 is an extremely toxic radioactive nuclide that easily forms a radioactive aerosol of polonium-210 with a half-life of 138.4 days. If it enters the body, it will destroy the cell structure of human tissues and organs, damage DNA and cause cell death. There is a possibility of polonium-210 leakage in specific nuclear facilities, and the leaked polonium-210 may have a serious impact on workers and the environment. Especially in high-temperature environments such as cover gas, the relative concentration of polonium-210 is high. In normal operating conditions, there is also a risk of Po leakage in ambient gas, so it is necessary to develop specific filter materials that have the effect of capturing and adsorbing Po-210-containing gases under high temperature and room temperature environments. Performance evaluation is the key to determining whether the Po-210 capture filter material has been successfully developed and in which direction the process route is optimized. Therefore, in the process of filter material iteration, it is urgent to quantitatively evaluate the capture performance of the filter material for Po-210.

[0003] Patent CN103245598B discloses a device for evaluating the oil absorption performance of a granular adsorption material, comprising a vertically arranged adsorption column, the adsorption column having an upper port and a lower port, a top cover having an oil inlet being provided on the upper port, and a bottom cover having an oil outlet being provided on the lower port; an oil baffle plate is arranged in the adsorption column, the adsorption column is divided into an upper oil storage area and a lower adsorption area by the oil baffle plate, the oil baffle plate is composed of an upper baffle plate and a lower baffle plate which are symmetrically stacked and disc-shaped, the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are provided with oil guide holes which are relatively positioned, and the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate can rotate relative to each other around their central axis directions; an oil collecting container is connected to the oil outlet of the bottom cover at the lower end of the adsorption column through an oil drain pipe.

[0004] Patent CN 214427235 U discloses a simple device for evaluating filter material performance that simulates a real environment, including an air storage tank, a pressure gauge is provided on the upper part of the air storage tank, a regulating valve is provided on one side of the pressure gauge, a connector is provided on one side of the regulating valve, a first rotor flowmeter is provided on one side of the connector, a first buffer bottle is connected to the lower part of the first rotor flowmeter, a simulation chamber is connected to one side of the first buffer bottle, the simulation chamber is arranged in a water bath, the upper part of the simulation chamber is connected to the lower part of the condenser, a drying tube is provided above the condenser, a second buffer bottle is connected to the lower part of the drying tube, a second rotor flowmeter is connected to one side of the second buffer bottle, and a gas detector is connected to one side of the second rotor flowmeter. It is a simple device for evaluating filter material performance based on a real gas source, which can evaluate the filter material's ability to remove pollutants in indoor air.

[0005] Although some device structures for evaluating filter material performance have been disclosed, due to the special physical and chemical properties of Po-210 and its extremely low concentration, the performance of Po-210 capture filter materials cannot be directly evaluated using the above-mentioned related devices. There is currently no report on a method for evaluating the performance of Po-210 capture filter materials. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the special physical and chemical properties of Po-210 and its extremely low concentration, the currently disclosed related devices cannot directly evaluate the performance of Po-210 capture filter materials. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a performance evaluation device and method for Po capture materials. The device can heat up and cool down to achieve the evaluation of the capture performance of Po-210 by the capture filter material under different temperature conditions, support the performance verification method of Po-210 capture filter materials and even Po-210 collectors, provide quantifiable capture efficiency, guide the design and development of Po-210 capture filter materials and Po-210 collectors, and provide support for the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor radiation protection system.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a performance evaluation device for Po capture materials, comprising a gas pipeline, wherein the gas inlet end of the gas pipeline is connected to a gas preheater, the front end of the gas preheater is connected to a flow control valve, the rear end of the gas pipeline is connected to a high-temperature heating furnace, the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace is connected to a gas refrigerator, the rear end of the gas refrigerator is connected to a temperature gauge, the rear end of the temperature gauge is connected to a Po capture material detection structure, the front end of the Po capture material is provided with a branch pipe, the branch pipe is sequentially connected to a first gas washing bottle and a first rotor flowmeter, and the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline; the rear end branch pipe of the Po capture material is sequentially connected to a second gas washing bottle and a second rotor flowmeter, and the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline; the rear end of the Po capture material detection structure is connected to a pipeline pressure controller, the rear end of the pipeline pressure controller is linked to a pipeline valve, the rear end of the pipeline valve is connected to a vacuum pump, and the rear end of the vacuum pump is connected to a radioactive exhaust system;

[0009] A branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline between the gas preheater and the high-temperature heating furnace, and the branch pipe is connected to a liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure.

[0010] The control range of the flow control valve is 0-50SLPM, and the accuracy is better than or equal to ±0.5FS. The gas source can be a pressurized gas cylinder or an air pump.

[0011] The gas preheater can heat the gas of 0-50 SLPM from room temperature to 400°C.

[0012] Among them, the high temperature heating furnace can achieve high temperature heating of 500℃~800℃.

[0013] Among them, the temperature meter is used to monitor the actual temperature of the carrier gas after cooling, with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1°C.

[0014] Furthermore, the Po capture material detection structure includes a Po capture material connected to a gas pipeline, and the gas pipelines on both sides of the Po capture material are connected with branch pipes for absorbing Po in the gas before and after the capture material is treated.

[0015] The volumes of the two gas washing bottles are 100 mL to 1000 mL. The accuracy of the two rotor flow meters is better than or equal to ±0.1 L / min, and the maximum range is not less than 0.5 L / min.

[0016] Furthermore, the gas washing bottles on the two branch pipes are respectively used to wash the gas before and after the capture filter material, and the gas washing bottles are filled with nitric acid solution.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotor flowmeters on the two branch pipes are respectively used to control the air inlet flow of the gas washing bottle on the corresponding branch pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the pipeline pressure control structure includes a pressure controller, a pipeline valve is connected to the rear end of the pressure controller, a vacuum pump is connected to the rear end of the pipeline valve, and a radioactive exhaust system is connected to the rear end of the vacuum pump.

[0019] Among them, the pressure controller is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller, with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1% FS, and can control the pipeline pressure at 5kPa-90kPa.

[0020] Furthermore, the pressure controller is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller.

[0021] Furthermore, the vacuum pump is used to draw negative pressure in the circuit.

[0022] Furthermore, the radioactive exhaust system is used for filtering and treating the carrier gas after the test.

[0023] Furthermore, the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure includes a uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, a lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater, a lead-bismuth alloy tank, a rotating cross plate, and a pushing rod. The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater is used to heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy in the lead-bismuth alloy tank. The uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder provides a uniform speed and connects the rotating cross plate and the pushing rod to pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed into the high-temperature heating furnace.

[0024] Among them, the servo electric cylinder can pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed. The position accuracy of the built-in motor is better than 0.1mm. The motor speed can be set to control the pouring time between 1min and 300min.

[0025] Among them, the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater can heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy to 125°C ~ 200°C, so that the lead-bismuth alloy melts into liquid.

[0026] Furthermore, the gas refrigerator is used to reduce the high temperature carrier gas from 300°C to 400°C to 25°C to 300°C.

[0027] The flow control valve is an electric valve that can automatically control the gas flow, and its front end is connected to a gas cylinder or an air pump. The gas preheater is connected to the rear end of the flow control valve to heat the carrier gas to a preset temperature. The liquid lead-bismuth stable propulsion mechanism is connected in parallel with the gas preheater and leads to the high-temperature heating furnace together. The liquid lead-bismuth stable propulsion mechanism provides a uniformly dripping lead-bismuth alloy, and the gas preheating gas provides a high-temperature carrier gas. Among them, the lead-bismuth alloy tank is fixed on the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater, and the lead-bismuth alloy tank and the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater are moved as a whole by automatically controlling the uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, so that the lead-bismuth alloy tank is transferred to the high-temperature heating furnace at a uniform speed. The gas refrigerator is connected to the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace to cool the high-temperature carrier gas, and the thermometer is connected to the rear end of the gas refrigerator to detect the temperature of the gas outlet of the gas refrigerator. The Po capture material is connected to the rear end of the thermometer, and the front end pipeline of the Po capture material is connected in parallel with a gas washing structure connected in series by a first gas washing bottle and a first rotor flowmeter, and the rear end pipeline is connected in parallel with a gas washing structure connected in series by a second gas washing bottle and a second rotor flowmeter. The carrier gas passing through the Po capture material, the first washing bottle and the second washing bottle is connected to the pressure controller together, and then passes through the pipeline valve, vacuum pump and radioactive exhaust system in sequence. All the above components are connected through a gas pipeline.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material, using the above-mentioned performance evaluation device for evaluation, and the specific method comprises the following steps:

[0029] Install the Po capture material in the pipeline;

[0030] Inject 50-500 mL of nitric acid solution into both gas washing bottles, and turn off the first rotor flowmeter and the second rotor flowmeter;

[0031] Close the flow control valve, open the pipeline valve, start the vacuum pump, and set the pressure value of the pressure controller;

[0032] After the gas pipeline is pumped to the negative pressure set value of the pressure controller, close the pipeline valve and vacuum pump to maintain the pressure;

[0033] Mixing the lead-bismuth alloy containing Po with the lead-bismuth alloy not containing Po, and then putting them into the lead-bismuth alloy tank;

[0034] The lead-bismuth alloy tank is heated to melt the lead-bismuth alloy into a liquid state, and the lead-bismuth alloy is uniformly mixed by locally moving the servo electric cylinder back and forth at a uniform speed;

[0035] Open the flow control valve, gas preheater, high temperature heating furnace, and gas refrigerator;

[0036] After the temperature stabilizes, turn on the first rotor flowmeter and the second rotor flowmeter, and set the flow values ​​Q1 and Q2;

[0037] Stop the reciprocating motion of the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, control the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder to move to the left, push the liquid lead-bismuth into the high-temperature heating furnace at a uniform speed, and set the propulsion time;

[0038] After the propulsion time is reached, the movement of the uniform propulsion servo electric cylinder is stopped, the first rotor flowmeter and the second rotor flowmeter are turned off, the gas preheater is turned off, the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater is turned off, and the high-temperature heating furnace is turned off;

[0039] After the temperature of each component drops to room temperature, turn off the gas refrigerator, turn off the vacuum pump, and close the flow control valve and pipeline valve;

[0040] The same volume of solution was taken out from the first washing bottle and the second washing bottle, and 0.5Bq-5Bq Po-209 tracer was added respectively. The total activities of Po-210 were determined by specific activity to be A1 and A2 respectively, and then the capture efficiency of the Po capture filter material was obtained to be (1-(A2*Q1) / (A1*Q2))*100%.

[0041] Furthermore, the sealing loop is pressure-maintained to 5 kPa-90 kPa, and under the pressure-maintaining state, the pressure value fluctuation is less than 2-10% within 5 min-10 min.

[0042] Furthermore, the total amount of the lead-bismuth alloy mixed in the lead-bismuth alloy tank is controlled within a range of 100g-500g.

[0043] Furthermore, when the servo electric cylinder is propelled to move back and forth locally at a uniform speed, the maximum inclination angle is set to 10° to 60°, and the running time is ≥5 minutes.

[0044] Furthermore, the temperature of the gas preheater is set at 100℃~400℃, the temperature of the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater is set at 125℃-200℃, the temperature of the high-temperature heating furnace is set at 500℃~800℃, and the temperature of the gas refrigerator is set at 25℃~300℃.

[0045] Furthermore, 20 mL to 300 mL of nitric acid is placed in each of the two gas washing bottles, and the concentration of the nitric acid is 1 mol / L to 10 mol / L.

[0046] Furthermore, the flow rates of the two rotor flow meters are set to 0.1 L / min to 1.0 L / min.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0048] (1) The performance evaluation device and method for Po capture materials of the present invention can form a variety of controllable Po-containing gases, and have the ability to regulate gas flow rate 0-50SLPM and gas temperature 40-300°C. By pouring at a uniform speed, a Po-containing gas with basically stable activity concentration can be obtained, which can be used for the performance evaluation of Po capture filter materials in various application scenarios.

[0049] (2) The performance evaluation device for Po capture materials of the present invention can heat up and cool down, thereby realizing the evaluation of the capture performance of Po-210 by the capture filter material under different temperature conditions, and can support the performance verification method of Po-210 capture filter material and even Po-210 collector, provide quantifiable capture efficiency, guide the design and development of Po-210 capture filter material and Po-210 collector, and provide support for the radiation protection system of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor.

[0050] (3) The performance evaluation method of the present invention can accurately obtain the capture performance of the Po capture material by washing with a washing bottle. At the same time, the washing bottle can be replaced during the test to obtain the capture performance of the Po capture filter material at different stages, and has rich data acquisition capabilities.

[0051] (4) The performance evaluation device and method of the present invention can be applied to the performance evaluation of various types of Po capture filter materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a performance evaluation device for Po capture material in the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure in the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust system in the present invention. Description of the drawings:

[0057] 1-flow control valve, 2-gas preheater, 3-gas pipeline, 4-liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure, 5-uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, 6-lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater, 7-lead-bismuth alloy tank, 8-high temperature heating furnace, 9-gas refrigerator, 10-temperature gauge, 11-Po capture material, 12-first gas washing bottle, 13-first rotor flowmeter, 14-second gas washing bottle, 15-second rotor flowmeter, 16-pressure controller, 17-pipeline valve, 18-vacuum pump, 19-radioactive exhaust system, 20-rotating horizontal plate, 21-pushing rod, 22-main pipeline, 23-branch pipeline, 24-iodine removal filter, 25-exhaust chimney. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0059] The following detailed description specifically discloses the embodiments of the present application with appropriate reference to the drawings. However, there may be cases where unnecessary detailed descriptions are omitted. For example, there may be cases where detailed descriptions of well-known matters and repeated descriptions of actually the same structures are omitted. This is to avoid the following description from becoming unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art. In addition, the drawings and the following description are provided for those skilled in the art to fully understand the present application and are not intended to limit the subject matter described in the claims.

[0060] The "range" disclosed in the present application is defined in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit, and a given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and the selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundaries of a particular range. The range defined in this way can include or exclude end values, and can be combined arbitrarily, that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. If there is no special explanation, the "including" and "comprising" mentioned in the present application represent open-ended or closed-ended. For example, the "including" and "comprising" can represent that other substances not listed can also be included or included, or only listed substances can be included or included.

[0061] In the present application, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present invention are only used to distinguish the corresponding components for the sake of clarity of description, and are not intended to limit any order or emphasize importance, etc. In addition, the term "connected" used in this article, unless otherwise specified, can be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components.

[0062] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a performance evaluation device for Po capture material, including a gas pipeline 3, the gas inlet end of the gas pipeline 3 is connected to a gas preheater 2, the front end of the gas preheater 2 is connected to a flow control valve 1, the rear end of the gas pipeline 3 is connected to a high-temperature heating furnace 8, the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace 8 is connected to a gas refrigerator 9, the rear end of the gas refrigerator 9 is connected to a temperature gauge 10, the rear end of the temperature gauge 10 is connected to a Po capture material 11 detection structure, the front end of the Po capture material 11 is provided with a branch pipe, the branch pipe is sequentially connected to a first gas washing bottle 12 and a first rotor flowmeter 13, and the branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline 3; the rear end branch pipe of the Po capture material 11 is sequentially connected to a second gas washing bottle 14 and a second rotor flowmeter 15, and the branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline 3; the rear end of the Po capture material 11 detection structure is connected to a pipeline pressure controller 16, the rear end of the pipeline pressure controller 16 is connected to a pipeline valve 17, the rear end of the pipeline valve 17 is connected to a vacuum pump 18, and the rear end of the vacuum pump 18 is connected to a radioactive exhaust system 19;

[0065] A branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline 3 between the gas preheater 2 and the high-temperature heating furnace 8, and the branch pipe is connected to the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure 4.

[0066] Among them, the control range of the flow control valve 1 is 0-50SLPM, and the accuracy is better than or equal to ±0.5FS. The gas source can be a pressurized gas cylinder or an air pump. The gas preheater 2 can heat the 0-50SLPM gas from room temperature to 400℃. The high-temperature heating furnace 8 can achieve high-temperature heating of 500℃ to 800℃. The thermometer 10 is used to monitor the actual temperature of the carrier gas after cooling, with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1℃. The gas refrigerator 9 is used to reduce the high-temperature carrier gas from 300℃ to 400℃ to 40℃ to 60℃.

[0067] Specifically, the Po capture material 11 detection structure includes a Po capture material 11 connected to the gas pipeline 3, and the gas pipeline 3 on both sides of the Po capture material 11 is connected with branch pipes, and the two branch pipes are connected in parallel to the pipeline pressure control structure; one branch pipe is connected to the first gas washing bottle 12 and the first rotor flowmeter 13, and the other branch pipe is connected to the second gas washing bottle 14 and the second rotor flowmeter 15. The gas washing bottles on the two branch pipes are respectively used to wash the gas before and after the capture filter material, and the gas washing bottles are filled with nitric acid solution. The rotor flowmeters on the two branch pipes are respectively used to control the air intake flow of the gas washing bottles on the corresponding branch pipes.

[0068] The volume of the two gas washing bottles can be 100mL to 500mL. The accuracy of the two rotor flowmeters is better than or equal to ±0.1L / min, and the maximum range is not less than 0.5L / min.

[0069] Specifically, the pipeline pressure control structure includes a pressure controller 16, a pipeline valve 17 is connected to the rear end of the pressure controller 16, a vacuum pump 18 is connected to the rear end of the pipeline valve 17, and a radioactive exhaust system 19 is connected to the rear end of the vacuum pump 18. The pressure controller 16 is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller 16. The vacuum pump 18 is used to draw negative pressure in the loop. The radioactive exhaust system 19 is used to filter and process the carrier gas after the test.

[0070] The pressure controller 16 is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller 16 , with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1% FS, and a maximum control pressure greater than or equal to 30 kPa.

[0071] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust system is a multi-pipe structure, consisting of a main pipe 22 and multiple branch pipes 23. The experimental device is connected to one of the branch pipes 23. The main pipe is finally connected to an iodine removal filter 24 to further intercept radioactive nuclides. After treatment, the radioactive nuclides are discharged through an exhaust chimney 25 to achieve an efficient emission effect.

[0072] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure 4 includes a uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder 5, a lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6, and a lead-bismuth alloy tank 7. The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 is used to heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy in the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7, and the uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder 5 is used to pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed into the high-temperature heating furnace 8.

[0073] The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 is mounted on a rotating horizontal plate 20, one end of which is rotatably connected to the container wall of the processing container, and the other end is hinged to a push rod 21, and the push rod 21 is connected to a movable rod of a servo electric rod. When in use, the servo electric cylinder is started, and the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 is dumped by moving the movable rod of the servo electric cylinder left and right.

[0074] The servo electric cylinder (DMB series servo electric cylinder) can pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed, the position accuracy of the built-in motor is better than 0.1mm, the motor speed can be set, and the pouring time can be controlled within 1min to 300min. The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 can heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy to 125℃ to 200℃ to melt the lead-bismuth alloy into liquid.

[0075] When the performance evaluation device is used, the flow control valve 1 is an electric valve that can automatically control the gas flow, and the front end is connected to a gas cylinder or an air pump. The gas preheater 2 is connected to the rear end of the flow control valve 1 to heat the carrier gas to a preset temperature. The liquid lead-bismuth stable propulsion mechanism is connected in parallel with the gas preheater 2 and leads to the high-temperature heating furnace 8 together. The liquid lead-bismuth stable propulsion mechanism provides a uniformly dripping lead-bismuth alloy, and the gas preheating gas provides a high-temperature carrier gas. Among them, the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 is fixed on the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6, and the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 and the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 are moved as a whole by automatically controlling the uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, so that the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 is uniformly transferred to the high-temperature heating furnace 8. The gas refrigerator 9 is connected to the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace 8 to cool the high-temperature carrier gas, and the thermometer 10 is connected to the rear end of the gas refrigerator 9 to detect the temperature of the gas outlet of the gas refrigerator 9. The Po capture material 11 is connected to the rear end of the thermometer 10, and the front end pipeline of the Po capture material 11 is connected in parallel with a gas washing structure in which the first gas washing bottle 12 and the first rotor flowmeter 13 are connected in series, and the rear end pipeline is connected in parallel with a gas washing structure in which the second gas washing bottle 14 and the second rotor flowmeter 15 are connected in series. The carrier gas passing through the Po capture material 11, the first gas washing bottle 12 and the second gas washing bottle 14 is connected to the pressure controller 16 together, and then passes through the pipeline valve 17, the vacuum pump 18 and the radioactive exhaust system 19 in sequence, and all the above components are connected through the gas pipeline 3.

[0076] The performance evaluation device of the Po capture material can form a variety of controllable Po-containing gases, with the ability to regulate gas flow rate of 0-50SLPM and gas temperature of 40-300°C. By pouring at a uniform speed, a Po-containing gas with basically stable activity concentration can be obtained, which can be used to evaluate the performance of Po capture filter materials in various application scenarios, and can be applied to the performance evaluation of various different types of Po capture materials 11. The device can heat up and cool down to achieve the evaluation of the capture performance of Po-210 by the capture filter material under different temperature conditions, and can support the performance verification method of Po-210 capture filter material and even Po-210 collector, provide quantifiable capture efficiency, guide the design and development of Po-210 capture filter material and Po-210 collector, and provide support for the radiation protection system of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material, which is performed using the performance evaluation device in Embodiment 1, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0079] S1, installing the Po capture material 11 in the gas pipeline 3;

[0080] S2, inject 300mL of 5mol / L nitric acid solution into the first washing bottle 12 and the second washing bottle 14, and close the first rotor flowmeter 13 and the second rotor flowmeter 15;

[0081] S3, close the flow control valve 1, open the pipeline valve 17, start the vacuum pump 18, and set the pressure value of the pressure controller 16 to 30 kPa;

[0082] S4, after the negative pressure of the gas pipeline 3 is pumped to the pressure setting value of the pressure controller 16, the pipeline valve 17 is closed, and the vacuum pump 18 is turned off;

[0083] S5. Maintain pressure for 10 minutes, and the pressure value change shall not exceed 10kPa;

[0084] S6, mixing the lead-bismuth alloy containing Po with the lead-bismuth alloy not containing Po to 200 g, and putting the mixture into the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7;

[0085] S7, heating the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 to melt the lead-bismuth alloy into a liquid state, and promoting the servo electric cylinder to move back and forth locally at a uniform speed with a maximum inclination angle of 30° to promote uniform mixing of the lead-bismuth alloy, and running for 10 minutes;

[0086] S8, while step S7 is working, open the flow control valve 1, turn on the gas preheater 2, set it to 300°C, turn on the high temperature heating furnace 8, set it to 800°C, turn on the gas refrigerator 9, and set the cooling temperature to 60°C;

[0087] S9, after the temperature is stable, turn on the first rotor flowmeter 13 and the second rotor flowmeter 15, and adjust the flow rate to 0.3 L / min;

[0088] S10, stop the reciprocating motion of the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, control the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder to move to the left, and push the liquid lead-bismuth into the high-temperature heating furnace 8 at a uniform speed, and set the duration to 120 minutes;

[0089] S11, after reaching the evaluation time of the Po capture material 11, stop the movement of the uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, turn off the first rotor flowmeter 13 and the second rotor flowmeter 15, turn off the gas preheater 2, turn off the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6, and turn off the high-temperature heating furnace 8;

[0090] S12, after the temperature of each component drops to room temperature, turn off the gas refrigerator 9, turn off the vacuum pump 18, and close the flow control valve 1 and the pipeline valve 17;

[0091] S13, take 50 mL of the solution in the first washing bottle 12 and the second washing bottle 14, add 0.5 Bq Po-209 tracer respectively, analyze the activity concentration of Po-210, which is A1 and A2 respectively, and then obtain the capture efficiency of Po capture filter material as (1-A2 / A1)*100%.

[0092] When the performance evaluation device in Example 1 is used to evaluate the performance of the Po capture material 11, in the device, the capture performance of the Po capture material 11 can be accurately obtained by washing with a washing bottle, and the washing bottle can be replaced during the test to obtain the capture performance of the Po capture filter material at different stages. It has rich data acquisition capabilities, and this method can also be applied to the performance evaluation of various different types of Po capture filter materials.

[0093] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "Example 1", "Example 2", etc. means that the specific features, systems, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, systems, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gas pipeline (3), wherein the gas inlet end of the gas pipeline (3) is connected to a gas preheater (2), the front end of the gas preheater (2) is connected to a flow control valve (1), the rear end of the gas pipeline (3) is connected to a high-temperature heating furnace (8), the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace (8) is connected to a gas refrigerator (9), the rear end of the gas refrigerator (9) is connected to a temperature gauge (10), the rear end of the temperature gauge (10) is connected to a Po capture material (11) detection structure, the front end of the Po capture material (11) is provided with a branch pipe, and the branch pipe is sequentially connected to a first gas washing bottle (12) and a first rotor flowmeter (13), and the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline (3); the rear end branch pipe of the Po capture material (11) is connected to the second gas washing bottle (14) and the second rotor flowmeter (15) in sequence, and the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline (3); the rear end of the detection structure of the Po capture material (11) is connected to the pipeline pressure controller (16), the rear end of the pipeline pressure controller (16) is connected to the pipeline valve (17), the rear end of the pipeline valve (17) is connected to the vacuum pump (18), and the rear end of the vacuum pump (18) is connected to the radioactive exhaust system (19); A branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline (3) between the gas preheater (2) and the high-temperature heating furnace (8), and the branch pipe is connected to a liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure (4).

2. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Po capture material (11) detection structure comprises a Po capture material (11) connected to a gas pipeline (3), and the gas pipelines (3) on both sides of the Po capture material (11) are connected to branch pipes for absorbing Po in the gas before and after treatment by the capture material (11).

3. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas washing bottles on the two branch pipes are used to wash the gas before and after the capture filter material respectively, and the gas washing bottles are filled with nitric acid solution.

4. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor flowmeters on the two branch pipes are used to control the air inlet flow of the gas washing bottles on the corresponding branch pipes.

5. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline pressure control structure comprises a pressure controller (16), the rear end of the pressure controller (16) is connected to a pipeline valve (17), the rear end of the pipeline valve (17) is connected to a vacuum pump (18), and the rear end of the vacuum pump (18) is connected to a radioactive exhaust system (19).

6. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure controller (16) is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller (16).

7. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vacuum pump (18) is used to draw negative pressure from the circuit.

8. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radioactive exhaust system (19) is used for filtering and treating the carrier gas after the test.

9. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure (4) comprises a uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5), a lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6), a lead-bismuth alloy tank (7), a rotating horizontal plate (20), and a push rod (21). The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6) is used to heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy in the lead-bismuth alloy tank (7). The uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5) provides a uniform speed, connects the rotating horizontal plate (20) and the push rod (21), and is used to pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed into a high-temperature heating furnace (8).

10. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas refrigerator (9) is used to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature carrier gas from 300°C to 400°C to 25°C to 300°C.

11. A method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material, characterized in that: The performance evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used for evaluation, and the specific method comprises the following steps: Installing the Po capture material (11) in the pipeline; Inject 50-500 mL of nitric acid solution into both gas washing bottles, and close the first rotor flowmeter (13) and the second rotor flowmeter (15); Close the flow control valve (1), open the pipeline valve (17), start the vacuum pump (18), and set the pressure value of the pressure controller (16); After the negative pressure of the gas pipeline (3) reaches the pressure setting value of the pressure controller (16), the pipeline valve (17) and the vacuum pump (18) are closed to maintain the pressure; Mixing the lead-bismuth alloy containing Po with the lead-bismuth alloy not containing Po, and then placing the mixture into a lead-bismuth alloy tank (7); The lead-bismuth alloy tank (7) is heated to melt the lead-bismuth alloy into a liquid state, and the lead-bismuth alloy is uniformly mixed by locally moving the servo electric cylinder (5) back and forth at a uniform speed; Open the flow control valve (1), the gas preheater (2), the high temperature heating furnace (8), and the gas refrigerator (9); After the temperature is stabilized, the first rotor flowmeter (13) and the second rotor flowmeter (15) are turned on to set flow values ​​Q1 and Q2; Stop the reciprocating motion of the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5), control the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5) to move leftward, push the liquid lead-bismuth into the high-temperature heating furnace (8) at a uniform speed, and set the propulsion time; After the propulsion time is reached, the movement of the uniform propulsion servo electric cylinder (5) is stopped, the first rotor flowmeter (13) and the second rotor flowmeter (15) are turned off, the gas preheater (2) is turned off, the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6) is turned off, and the high-temperature heating furnace (8) is turned off; After the temperature of each component drops to room temperature, turn off the gas refrigerator (9), turn off the vacuum pump (18), and close the flow control valve (1) and the pipeline valve (17); The same volume of solution was taken out from the first washing bottle (12) and the second washing bottle (14), and 0.5Bq-5BqPo-209 tracer was added respectively. The total activities of Po-210 were determined by specific activity to be A1 and A2 respectively, and then the capture efficiency of the Po capture filter material was obtained to be (1-(A2*Q1) / (A1*Q2))*100%.

12. A method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, characterized in that: The sealing circuit sets the holding pressure to 5kPa-90kPa. Under the holding pressure state, the pressure value fluctuates by less than 2-10% within 5min-10min.

13. A method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, characterized in that: The total amount of the lead-bismuth alloy mixed in the lead-bismuth alloy tank (7) is controlled to be between 100g and 500g.

14. A method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, characterized in that: When the servo electric cylinder (5) is propelled in a uniform speed and performs a partial reciprocating motion, the maximum inclination angle is set to 10° to 60°, and the operating time is ≥5 minutes.

15. The method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, characterized in that: The temperature of the gas preheater (2) is set at 100°C to 400°C, the temperature of the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6) is set at 125°C to 200°C, the temperature of the high-temperature heating furnace (8) is set at 500°C to 800°C, and the temperature of the gas refrigerator (9) is set at 25°C to 300°C.

16. A method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, characterized in that: 20 mL to 300 mL of nitric acid is placed in each of the two gas washing bottles, and the concentration of the nitric acid is 1 mol / L to 10 mol / L.

17. A method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, characterized in that: The flow rates of the two rotor flowmeters are set to 0.1 L / min to 1.0 L / min.

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