A performance evaluation device and method for Po capture material

Abstract

The present invention discloses a performance evaluation device and method for a Po capture material, which relates to the technical field of radioactive waste gas treatment. The device includes a gas pipeline, the air inlet end of the gas pipeline is connected to a flow control valve, the rear end of the flow control valve is connected to a gas preheater, the rear end of the gas preheater is connected to a high-temperature heating furnace, the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace is connected to a gas refrigerator, the rear end of the gas refrigerator is connected to a thermometer, the rear end of the thermometer is connected to a Po capture material detection structure, and the rear end of the Po capture material detection structure is connected to a pipeline pressure control structure; a branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline between the gas preheater and the high-temperature heating furnace, and the branch pipe is connected to a liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure. This device can evaluate the Po-210 capture performance of the capture filter material under different temperature conditions, support the performance verification method of the Po-210 capture filter material and even the Po-210 collector, and provide quantifiable capture efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste gas treatment, and in particular to a performance evaluation device and method for Po capture materials. Background Art

[0002] Polonium-210 is an extremely toxic radionuclide that readily forms radioactive aerosols with a half-life of 138.4 days. Once inside a living organism, it can damage the cellular structure of tissues and organs, damage DNA, and lead to cell death. Leakage of polonium-210 is possible in certain nuclear facilities, potentially having serious consequences for workers and the environment. Polonium-210 concentrations are particularly high in high-temperature environments, such as blanket air. Even during normal operation, the risk of polonium leakage into ambient air exists. Therefore, it is necessary to develop specific filter materials capable of capturing and adsorbing polonium-210-containing gases in both high- and low-temperature environments. Performance evaluation is crucial in determining the success of polonium-210 capture filter materials and the optimal process path. Therefore, during the filter material iteration process, quantitative evaluation of the material's polonium-210 capture performance is urgently needed.

[0003] Patent CN103245598B discloses a device for evaluating the oil absorption performance of a granular adsorption material, comprising a vertically arranged adsorption column having an upper port and a lower port, a top cover having an oil inlet on the upper port, and a bottom cover having an oil outlet on the lower port; an oil baffle plate is arranged in the adsorption column, and the adsorption column is divided into an upper oil storage area and a lower adsorption area by the oil baffle plate, and the oil baffle plate is composed of symmetrically stacked and disc-shaped upper and lower baffles, the upper baffle and the lower baffle are provided with oil guide holes in relative positions, and the upper baffle and the lower baffle can rotate relative to each other around their central axis directions; an oil collecting container is connected to the oil outlet of the bottom cover at the lower end of the adsorption column through an oil drain pipe.

[0004] Patent CN 214427235 U discloses a simple device for evaluating filter material performance that simulates a real environment, including an air storage tank, a pressure gauge is provided on the upper part of the air storage tank, a regulating valve is provided on one side of the pressure gauge, a connector is provided on one side of the regulating valve, a first rotor flowmeter is provided on one side of the connector, a first buffer bottle is connected to the bottom of the first rotor flowmeter, one side of the first buffer bottle is connected to a simulation chamber, the simulation chamber is arranged in a water bath, the upper part of the simulation chamber is connected to the lower part of the condenser, a drying tube is provided above the condenser, a second buffer bottle is connected to the bottom of the drying tube, one side of the second buffer bottle is connected to a second rotor flowmeter, and one side of the second rotor flowmeter is connected to a gas detector. It is a simple device for evaluating filter material performance based on a real gas source, which can evaluate the filter material's ability to remove pollutants in indoor air.

[0005] Although some device structures for evaluating filter material performance have been disclosed, due to the unique physical and chemical properties of Po-210 and its extremely low concentration, the performance of Po-210 capture filter materials cannot be directly evaluated using the aforementioned devices. Currently, no methods for evaluating the performance of Po-210 capture filter materials have been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Due to the unique physical and chemical properties of Po-210 and its extremely low concentration, currently available devices are unable to directly evaluate the performance of Po-210 capture filter materials. The present invention aims to provide a performance evaluation device and method for Po capture materials. The device can increase and decrease the temperature, enabling evaluation of the capture performance of the capture filter material for Po-210 under different temperature conditions. This device can support performance verification methods for Po-210 capture filter materials and even Po-210 collectors, provide quantifiable capture efficiency, guide the design and development of Po-210 capture filter materials and Po-210 collectors, and provide support for fourth-generation advanced fast reactor radiation protection systems.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a performance evaluation device for a Po capture material, comprising a gas pipeline, wherein the gas inlet end of the gas pipeline is connected to a gas preheater, the front end of the gas preheater is connected to a flow control valve, the rear end of the gas pipeline is connected to a high-temperature heating furnace, the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace is connected to a gas refrigerator, the rear end of the gas refrigerator is connected to a thermometer, the rear end of the thermometer is connected to a Po capture material detection structure, the front end of the Po capture material is provided with a branch pipe, the branch pipe is sequentially connected to a first gas washing bottle and a first rotor flowmeter, and the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline; the rear end of the Po capture material branch pipe is sequentially connected to a second gas washing bottle and a second rotor flowmeter, and the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline; the rear end of the Po capture material detection structure is connected to a pipeline pressure controller, the rear end of the pipeline pressure controller is linked to a pipeline valve, the rear end of the pipeline valve is connected to a vacuum pump, and the rear end of the vacuum pump is connected to a radioactive exhaust system;

[0009] A branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline between the gas preheater and the high-temperature heating furnace, and the branch pipe is connected to a liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure.

[0010] The flow control valve has a control range of 0-50 SLPM and an accuracy better than or equal to ±0.5 FS. The gas source can be a pressurized gas cylinder or an air pump.

[0011] The gas preheater can heat the gas of 0-50 SLPM from room temperature to 400°C.

[0012] Among them, the high-temperature heating furnace can achieve high-temperature heating of 500℃ to 800℃.

[0013] Among them, the thermometer is used to monitor the actual temperature of the carrier gas after cooling, with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1°C.

[0014] Furthermore, the Po capture material detection structure includes a Po capture material connected to the gas pipeline, and the gas pipelines on both sides of the Po capture material are connected to branch pipes for absorbing Po in the gas before and after treatment by the capture material.

[0015] The two gas washing bottles have a capacity of 100 mL to 1000 mL. The accuracy of the two rotor flowmeters is better than or equal to ±0.1 L / min, and the maximum range is not less than 0.5 L / min.

[0016] Furthermore, the gas washing bottles on the two branch pipes are respectively used to wash the gas before and after the capture filter material, and the gas washing bottles are filled with nitric acid solution.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotor flowmeters on the two branch pipes are respectively used to control the air inlet flow of the gas washing bottle on the corresponding branch pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the pipeline pressure control structure includes a pressure controller, a rear end of the pressure controller is connected to a pipeline valve, a rear end of the pipeline valve is connected to a vacuum pump, and a rear end of the vacuum pump is connected to a radioactive exhaust system.

[0019] Among them, the pressure controller is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller, with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1% FS, and can control the pipeline pressure at 5kPa-90kPa.

[0020] Furthermore, the pressure controller is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller.

[0021] Furthermore, the vacuum pump is used to draw negative pressure into the circuit.

[0022] Furthermore, the radioactive exhaust system is used to filter and process the carrier gas after the test.

[0023] Furthermore, the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure includes a uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, a lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater, a lead-bismuth alloy tank, a rotating horizontal plate, and a push rod. The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater is used to heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy in the lead-bismuth alloy tank. The uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder provides uniform speed, connects the rotating horizontal plate and the push rod, and is used to pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed into the high-temperature heating furnace.

[0024] Among them, the servo electric cylinder can pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed. The position accuracy of the built-in motor is better than 0.1mm. The motor speed can be set to control the pouring time between 1min and 300min.

[0025] Among them, the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater can heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy to 125°C to 200°C, melting the lead-bismuth alloy into liquid.

[0026] Furthermore, the gas refrigerator is used to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature carrier gas from 300°C to 400°C to 25°C to 300°C.

[0027] The flow control valve is an electric valve that automatically controls gas flow. Its front end is connected to a gas cylinder or air pump. A gas preheater is connected to the rear end of the flow control valve to heat the carrier gas to a preset temperature. A liquid lead-bismuth stabilization mechanism is connected in parallel to the gas preheater, both leading to the high-temperature heating furnace. The liquid lead-bismuth stabilization mechanism provides a uniformly dripping lead-bismuth alloy, while the gas preheater provides the high-temperature carrier gas. The lead-bismuth alloy tank is fixed to the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater. An automatically controlled, uniformly propulsion servo electric cylinder moves the lead-bismuth alloy tank and the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater as a whole, allowing the tank to be uniformly transferred to the high-temperature heating furnace. A gas chiller is connected to the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace to cool the high-temperature carrier gas. A thermometer is connected to the rear end of the gas chiller to monitor the temperature of the gas chiller's outlet gas. A Po capture material is connected to the rear end of the thermometer. The front end of the Po capture material is connected in parallel to a gas scrubbing structure consisting of a first gas scrubbing bottle and a first rotameter in series. The rear end of the Po capture material is connected in parallel to a gas scrubbing structure consisting of a second gas scrubbing bottle and a second rotameter in series. The carrier gas passing through the Po capture material, the first washing bottle and the second washing bottle is connected to the pressure controller together, and then passes through the pipeline valve, vacuum pump and radioactive exhaust system in sequence. All of the above components are connected through a gas pipeline.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material, which is evaluated using the above-mentioned performance evaluation device. The specific method includes the following steps:

[0029] Install the Po capture material in the pipeline;

[0030] Inject 50-500 mL of nitric acid solution into both gas washing bottles and turn off the first and second rotor flow meters;

[0031] Close the flow control valve, open the pipeline valve, start the vacuum pump, and set the pressure value of the pressure controller;

[0032] After the gas pipeline is pumped to the negative pressure set value of the pressure controller, close the pipeline valve and vacuum pump and maintain the pressure;

[0033] Mixing the lead-bismuth alloy containing Po with the lead-bismuth alloy not containing Po, and then placing the mixture into a lead-bismuth alloy tank;

[0034] The lead-bismuth alloy tank is heated to melt the lead-bismuth alloy into a liquid state, and the uniform mixing of the lead-bismuth alloy is promoted by the local reciprocating motion of the servo electric cylinder at a uniform speed;

[0035] Open the flow control valve, gas preheater, high-temperature heating furnace, and gas refrigerator;

[0036] After the temperature stabilizes, turn on the first rotor flowmeter and the second rotor flowmeter, and set the flow values ​​Q1 and Q2;

[0037] Stop the reciprocating motion of the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, control the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder to move to the left, push the liquid lead-bismuth into the high-temperature heating furnace at a uniform speed, and set the propulsion time;

[0038] After the propulsion time is reached, the movement of the uniform propulsion servo electric cylinder is stopped, the first rotor flowmeter and the second rotor flowmeter are turned off, the gas preheater is turned off, the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater is turned off, and the high-temperature heating furnace is turned off;

[0039] After the temperature of each component drops to room temperature, turn off the gas refrigerator, turn off the vacuum pump, and close the flow control valve and pipeline valve;

[0040] Equal volumes of solution were taken from the first and second washing bottles, and 0.5 Bq to 5 Bq of Po-209 tracer were added respectively. The total activities of Po-210 were determined by specific activity, namely A1 and A2, and the capture efficiency of the Po capture filter material was obtained as (1-(A2*Q1) / (A1*Q2))*100%.

[0041] Furthermore, the sealing circuit maintains a pressure of 5kPa-90kPa, and under the pressure maintaining state, the pressure value fluctuates by less than 2-10% within 5min-10min.

[0042] Furthermore, the total amount of the lead-bismuth alloy mixed in the lead-bismuth alloy tank is controlled within a range of 100 g to 500 g.

[0043] Furthermore, when the servo electric cylinder is propelled to move back and forth locally at a constant speed, the maximum inclination angle is set to 10° to 60°, and the running time is ≥5 minutes.

[0044] Furthermore, the temperature of the gas preheater is set at 100℃~400℃, the temperature of the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater is set at 125℃-200℃, the temperature of the high-temperature heating furnace is set at 500℃~800℃, and the temperature of the gas refrigerator is set at 25℃~300℃.

[0045] Furthermore, 20 mL to 300 mL of nitric acid is placed in each of the two gas washing bottles, and the concentration of the nitric acid is 1 mol / L to 10 mol / L.

[0046] Furthermore, the flow rates of the two rotor flowmeters are set to 0.1 L / min to 1.0 L / min.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0048] (1) The performance evaluation device and method for Po capture materials of the present invention can form a Po-containing gas with controllable conditions, and has the ability to regulate the gas flow rate of 0-50SLPM and the gas temperature of 40-300°C. By pouring at a uniform speed, a Po-containing gas with a basically stable activity concentration can be obtained, which can be used for the performance evaluation of Po capture filter materials in various application scenarios.

[0049] (2) The performance evaluation device for Po capture materials of the present invention can increase and decrease the temperature, thereby realizing the evaluation of the capture performance of the capture filter material for Po-210 under different temperature conditions. It can support the performance verification method of Po-210 capture filter materials and even Po-210 collectors, provide quantifiable capture efficiency, guide the design and development of Po-210 capture filter materials and Po-210 collectors, and provide support for the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor radiation protection system.

[0050] (3) The performance evaluation method of the present invention can accurately obtain the capture performance of the Po capture material by washing with a washing bottle. At the same time, the washing bottle can be replaced during the test to obtain the capture performance of the Po capture filter material at different stages, and has rich data acquisition capabilities.

[0051] (4) The performance evaluation device and method of the present invention can be applied to the performance evaluation of various types of Po capture filter materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the examples. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. A person of ordinary skill in the art can also derive other relevant drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a performance evaluation device for Po capture materials in the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust system in the present invention. Description of the drawings:

[0057] 1-Flow control valve, 2-Gas preheater, 3-Gas pipeline, 4-Liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure, 5-Uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, 6-Lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater, 7-Lead-bismuth alloy tank, 8-High-temperature heating furnace, 9-Gas refrigerator, 10-Thermometer, 11-Po capture material, 12-First gas washing bottle, 13-First rotor flowmeter, 14-Second gas washing bottle, 15-Second rotor flowmeter, 16-Pressure controller, 17-Pipeline valve, 18-Vacuum pump, 19-Radioactive exhaust system, 20-Rotating horizontal plate, 21-Push rod, 22-Main pipeline, 23-Branch pipeline, 24-Iodine removal filter, 25-Exhaust chimney. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0059] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is specifically disclosed with appropriate reference to the accompanying drawings. However, unnecessary detailed descriptions may be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters and repeated descriptions of substantially identical structures may be omitted. This is to avoid the following description from becoming unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. In addition, the drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present application and are not intended to limit the subject matter described in the claims.

[0060] The "range" disclosed in this application is defined in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and the selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundaries of a particular range. The range defined in this way can be inclusive or exclusive of the end values, and can be arbitrarily combined, that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. Unless otherwise specified, the "including" and "comprising" mentioned in this application represent open or closed forms. For example, the "including" and "comprising" can mean that other substances not listed can also be included or comprised, or can only include or comprise listed substances.

[0061] In this application, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present invention are only used to distinguish the corresponding components for the sake of clarity of description, and are not intended to limit any order or emphasize importance, etc. In addition, the term "connected" used in this article, unless otherwise specified, may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via other components.

[0062] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a performance evaluation device for a Po capture material, comprising a gas pipeline 3, an air inlet end of the gas pipeline 3 being connected to a gas preheater 2, a front end of the gas preheater 2 being connected to a flow control valve 1, a rear end of the gas pipeline 3 being connected to a high-temperature heating furnace 8, a rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace 8 being connected to a gas refrigerator 9, a rear end of the gas refrigerator 9 being connected to a thermometer 10, a rear end of the thermometer 10 being connected to a detection structure for a Po capture material 11, a front end of the Po capture material 11 being provided with a branch pipe, the branch pipe being connected to a first gas washing bottle 12 and a first rotor flowmeter 13 in sequence, and the branch pipe being connected to the gas pipeline 3; a rear end of the Po capture material 11 being connected to a second gas washing bottle 14 and a second rotor flowmeter 15 in sequence, and the branch pipe being connected to the gas pipeline 3; a rear end of the detection structure for the Po capture material 11 being connected to a pipeline pressure controller 16, a rear end of the pipeline pressure controller 16 being connected to a pipeline valve 17, a rear end of the pipeline valve 17 being connected to a vacuum pump 18, and a rear end of the vacuum pump 18 being connected to a radioactive exhaust system 19;

[0065] A branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline 3 between the gas preheater 2 and the high-temperature heating furnace 8 , and the branch pipe is connected to the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure 4 .

[0066] The flow control valve 1 has a control range of 0-50 SLPM, with an accuracy better than or equal to ±0.5FS. The gas source can be a pressurized gas cylinder or air pump. The gas preheater 2 can heat 0-50 SLPM of gas from room temperature to 400°C. The high-temperature heating furnace 8 can achieve high-temperature heating between 500°C and 800°C. The thermometer 10 monitors the actual temperature of the cooled carrier gas with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1°C. The gas refrigerator 9 cools the high-temperature carrier gas from 300°C to 400°C to 40°C to 60°C.

[0067] Specifically, the Po capture material 11 detection structure includes a Po capture material 11 connected to the gas pipeline 3. Branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline 3 on both sides of the Po capture material 11. The two branch pipes are connected in parallel to the pipeline pressure control structure. One branch pipe is connected to a first gas washing bottle 12 and a first rotor flowmeter 13, and the other branch pipe is connected to a second gas washing bottle 14 and a second rotor flowmeter 15. The gas washing bottles on the two branch pipes are respectively used to wash the gas before and after the capture filter material, and the gas washing bottles are filled with nitric acid solution. The rotor flowmeters on the two branch pipes are respectively used to control the air intake flow of the gas washing bottles on the corresponding branches.

[0068] The volumes of the two gas washing bottles may be 100 mL to 500 mL. The accuracy of the two rotor flowmeters shall be better than or equal to ±0.1 L / min, and the maximum range shall be no less than 0.5 L / min.

[0069] Specifically, the pipeline pressure control structure includes a pressure controller 16, connected to a pipeline valve 17 at its rear end, a vacuum pump 18 at its rear end, and a radioactive exhaust system 19 at its rear end. Pressure controller 16 controls the pressure in the pipeline ahead of pressure controller 16. Vacuum pump 18 is used to create negative pressure in the circuit. Radioactive exhaust system 19 is used to filter and process the carrier gas after the test.

[0070] The pressure controller 16 is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller 16 , with an accuracy better than or equal to ±1% FS, and a maximum control pressure greater than or equal to 30 kPa.

[0071] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust system is a multi-pipe structure consisting of a main pipe 22 and multiple branch pipes 23. The experimental device is connected to one of the branch pipes 23. The main pipe is finally connected to an iodine removal filter 24 to further intercept radioactive nuclides. After treatment, the radioactive nuclides are discharged through an exhaust chimney 25 to achieve efficient emission.

[0072] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure 4 includes a uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder 5, a lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6, and a lead-bismuth alloy tank 7. The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 is used to heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy in the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7, and the uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder 5 is used to pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed into the high-temperature heating furnace 8.

[0073] The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 is mounted on a rotating horizontal plate 20. One end of the rotating horizontal plate 20 is pivotally connected to the wall of the processing vessel, and the other end is hingedly connected to a push rod 21, which is connected to the movable rod of a servo electric cylinder. During operation, the servo electric cylinder is activated, and the movable rod of the servo electric cylinder moves left and right to pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy from the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7.

[0074] The servo electric cylinder (DMB series) can pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a constant speed. Its built-in motor has a positioning accuracy of better than 0.1mm, and the motor speed can be set to control the pouring time between 1 and 300 minutes. The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 heats the solid lead-bismuth alloy to a temperature of 125°C to 200°C, melting it into a liquid state.

[0075] When using this performance evaluation device, the flow control valve 1 is an electric valve that automatically controls gas flow, with its front end connected to a gas cylinder or air pump. A gas preheater 2 is connected to the rear end of the flow control valve 1 and is used to heat the carrier gas to a preset temperature. A liquid lead-bismuth stabilization mechanism is connected in parallel with the gas preheater 2, both of which flow into a high-temperature heating furnace 8. The liquid lead-bismuth stabilization mechanism provides a uniformly dripping lead-bismuth alloy, while the gas preheater provides the high-temperature carrier gas. The lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 is fixed to the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6. An automatically controlled uniform propulsion servo electric cylinder moves the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 and the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 as a whole, allowing the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 to be uniformly transferred to the high-temperature heating furnace 8. A gas refrigerator 9 is connected to the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace 8 to cool the high-temperature carrier gas. A thermometer 10 is connected to the rear end of the gas refrigerator 9 to monitor the temperature of the gas outlet from the gas refrigerator 9. Po capture material 11 is connected to the rear end of thermometer 10. A first scrubber 12 and a first rotameter 13 are connected in parallel to the front end of Po capture material 11. A second scrubber 14 and a second rotameter 15 are connected in parallel to the rear end. The carrier gas passing through Po capture material 11, first scrubber 12, and second rotameter 15 is fed into a pressure controller 16 and then sequentially passes through a pipeline valve 17, a vacuum pump 18, and a radioactive exhaust system 19. All of these components are connected via gas pipeline 3.

[0076] This Po capture material performance evaluation device can generate a variety of controllable Po-containing gases, with the ability to regulate gas flow rates from 0-50 SLPM and gas temperatures from 40-300°C. Through uniform pouring, a Po-containing gas with a substantially stable activity concentration can be obtained. This device can be used to evaluate the performance of Po capture filter materials in various application scenarios and can be applied to the performance evaluation of various types of Po capture materials. The device can increase and decrease temperatures, enabling evaluation of the capture performance of Po-210 filters under different temperature conditions. This device supports performance verification methods for Po-210 filter materials and even Po-210 collectors, providing quantifiable capture efficiency, guiding the design and development of Po-210 filter materials and collectors, and supporting radiation protection systems for fourth-generation advanced fast reactors.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material, which is performed using the performance evaluation device in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows:

[0079] S1. Install the Po capture material 11 in the gas pipeline 3;

[0080] S2: Inject 300 mL of 5 mol / L nitric acid solution into the first and second washing bottles 12 and 14, and close the first and second rotor flowmeters 13 and 15.

[0081] S3, close the flow control valve 1, open the pipeline valve 17, start the vacuum pump 18, and set the pressure value of the pressure controller 16 to 30kPa;

[0082] S4, after the negative pressure of the gas pipeline 3 reaches the pressure setting value of the pressure controller 16, the pipeline valve 17 is closed and the vacuum pump 18 is turned off;

[0083] S5. Maintain pressure for 10 minutes, and the pressure value change shall not exceed 10kPa;

[0084] S6. Mix the lead-bismuth alloy containing Po with the lead-bismuth alloy not containing Po to make 200 g, and place the mixture into the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7;

[0085] S7, heating the lead-bismuth alloy tank 7 to melt the lead-bismuth alloy into a liquid state, and uniformly propel the servo electric cylinder to a local reciprocating motion at a maximum inclination angle of 30° to promote uniform mixing of the lead-bismuth alloy, and running for 10 minutes;

[0086] S8. While working in step S7, open the flow control valve 1, turn on the gas preheater 2 and set it to 300°C, turn on the high-temperature heating furnace 8 and set it to 800°C, turn on the gas refrigerator 9 and set the cooling temperature to 60°C;

[0087] S9. After the temperature stabilizes, turn on the first rotor flowmeter 13 and the second rotor flowmeter 15 and adjust the flow rate to 0.3 L / min;

[0088] S10, stop the reciprocating motion of the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder, control the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder to move leftward, and push the liquid lead-bismuth into the high-temperature heating furnace 8 at a uniform speed, setting the duration to 120 minutes;

[0089] S11, after the evaluation time of the Po capture material 11 is reached, the movement of the uniform speed propulsion servo electric cylinder is stopped, the first rotor flowmeter 13 and the second rotor flowmeter 15 are turned off, the gas preheater 2 is turned off, the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater 6 is turned off, and the high-temperature heating furnace 8 is turned off;

[0090] S12, after the temperature of each component drops to room temperature, turn off the gas refrigerator 9, turn off the vacuum pump 18, and close the flow control valve 1 and the pipeline valve 17;

[0091] S13. Take 50 mL of the solution in the first washing bottle 12 and the second washing bottle 14, add 0.5 Bq of Po-209 tracer respectively, and analyze the activity concentrations of Po-210, which are A1 and A2 respectively, and then obtain the capture efficiency of the Po capture filter material as (1-A2 / A1)*100%.

[0092] When the performance evaluation device in Example 1 is used to evaluate the performance of the Po capture material 11, in the device, the capture performance of the Po capture material 11 can be accurately obtained by washing with a washing bottle. At the same time, the washing bottle can be replaced during the test to obtain the capture performance of the Po capture filter material at different stages. It has rich data acquisition capabilities and can also be applied to the performance evaluation of various different types of Po capture filter materials.

[0093] In the description of this specification, the reference to the terms "Example 1", "Example 2", etc. means that the specific features, systems, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, systems, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or to replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gas pipeline (3), wherein the gas inlet end of the gas pipeline (3) is connected to a gas preheater (2), the front end of the gas preheater (2) is connected to a flow control valve (1), the rear end of the gas pipeline (3) is connected to a high-temperature heating furnace (8), the rear end of the high-temperature heating furnace (8) is connected to a gas refrigerator (9), the rear end of the gas refrigerator (9) is connected to a thermometer (10), the rear end of the thermometer (10) is connected to a Po capture material (11) detection structure, the front end of the Po capture material (11) is provided with a branch pipe, and the branch pipe is sequentially connected to a first gas washing bottle (12) and the first rotor flowmeter (13), the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline (3); the rear end branch pipe of the Po capture material (11) is connected to the second gas washing bottle (14) and the second rotor flowmeter (15) in sequence, and the branch pipes are connected to the gas pipeline (3); the rear end of the detection structure of the Po capture material (11) is connected to the pipeline pressure controller (16), the rear end of the pipeline pressure controller (16) is connected to the pipeline valve (17), the rear end of the pipeline valve (17) is connected to the vacuum pump (18), and the rear end of the vacuum pump (18) is connected to the radioactive exhaust system (19); A branch pipe is connected to the gas pipeline (3) between the gas preheater (2) and the high-temperature heating furnace (8), and the branch pipe is connected to a liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure (4).

2. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Po capture material (11) detection structure comprises a Po capture material (11) connected to a gas pipeline (3), and branch pipes are connected to the gas pipelines (3) on both sides of the Po capture material (11) for absorbing Po in the gas before and after treatment by the capture material (11).

3. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas washing bottles on the two branch pipes are used to wash the gas before and after the capture filter material respectively, and the gas washing bottles are filled with nitric acid solution.

4. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor flowmeters on the two branch pipes are used to control the air inlet flow of the gas washing bottles on the corresponding branch pipes.

5. The performance evaluation device for Po capture material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline pressure control structure includes a pressure controller (16), a rear end of the pressure controller (16) is connected to a pipeline valve (17), a rear end of the pipeline valve (17) is connected to a vacuum pump (18), and a rear end of the vacuum pump (18) is connected to a radioactive exhaust system (19).

6. A performance evaluation device for Po capture materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure controller (16) is used to control the pressure of the pipeline at the front end of the pressure controller (16).

7. The performance evaluation device for Po capture material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vacuum pump (18) is used to draw negative pressure from the circuit.

8. The performance evaluation device for Po capture material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radioactive exhaust system (19) is used for filtering and treating the carrier gas after the test.

9. The performance evaluation device for Po capture material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid lead-bismuth propulsion structure (4) comprises a uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5), a lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6), a lead-bismuth alloy tank (7), a rotating transverse plate (20), and a push rod (21). The lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6) is used to heat the solid lead-bismuth alloy in the lead-bismuth alloy tank (7). The uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5) provides a uniform speed, connects the rotating transverse plate (20) and the push rod (21), and is used to pour the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at a uniform speed into the high-temperature heating furnace (8).

10. The performance evaluation device for Po capture material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas refrigerator (9) is used to reduce the temperature of high-temperature carrier gas from 300°C to 400°C to 25°C to 300°C.

11. A method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material, characterized in that: The performance evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used for evaluation, and the specific method comprises the following steps: Installing the Po capture material (11) in the pipeline; Inject 50-500 mL of nitric acid solution into both gas washing bottles, and close the first rotor flowmeter (13) and the second rotor flowmeter (15); Close the flow control valve (1), open the pipeline valve (17), start the vacuum pump (18), and set the pressure value of the pressure controller (16); After the negative pressure of the gas pipeline (3) reaches the pressure setting value of the pressure controller (16), the pipeline valve (17) and the vacuum pump (18) are closed and the pressure is maintained; Mixing the lead-bismuth alloy containing Po with the lead-bismuth alloy not containing Po, and then placing the mixture into the lead-bismuth alloy tank (7); The lead-bismuth alloy tank (7) is heated to melt the lead-bismuth alloy into a liquid state, and the lead-bismuth alloy is uniformly mixed by locally moving the servo electric cylinder (5) back and forth at a uniform speed; Open the flow control valve (1), the gas preheater (2), the high-temperature heating furnace (8), and the gas refrigerator (9); After the temperature stabilizes, the first rotor flowmeter (13) and the second rotor flowmeter (15) are turned on and flow values ​​Q1 and Q2 are set; Stop the reciprocating motion of the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5), control the uniform-speed propulsion servo electric cylinder (5) to propel leftward, propel the liquid lead-bismuth into the high-temperature heating furnace (8) at a uniform speed, and set the propulsion time; After the propulsion time is reached, the movement of the uniform propulsion servo electric cylinder (5) is stopped, the first rotor flowmeter (13) and the second rotor flowmeter (15) are turned off, the gas preheater (2) is turned off, the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6) is turned off, and the high-temperature heating furnace (8) is turned off; After the temperature of each component drops to room temperature, turn off the gas refrigerator (9), turn off the vacuum pump (18), and close the flow control valve (1) and the pipeline valve (17); The same volume of solution was taken out from the first washing bottle (12) and the second washing bottle (14), and 0.5Bq-5Bq of Po-209 tracer was added respectively. The total activities of Po-210 were determined by specific activity to be A1 and A2, respectively. The capture efficiency of the Po capture filter material was then obtained to be (1-(A2*Q1) / (A1*Q2))*100%.

12. The method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, wherein: The sealing circuit sets the holding pressure to 5kPa-90kPa. Under the holding pressure state, the pressure value fluctuation is less than 2-10% within 5min-10min.

13. The method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, wherein: The total amount of the lead-bismuth alloy mixed in the lead-bismuth alloy tank (7) is controlled to be between 100g and 500g.

14. The method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, wherein: When the servo electric cylinder (5) is propelled in a local reciprocating motion at a uniform speed, the maximum inclination angle is set to 10° to 60°, and the running time is ≥5 minutes.

15. The method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, wherein: The temperature of the gas preheater (2) is set at 100°C to 400°C, the temperature of the lead-bismuth alloy liquefaction heater (6) is set at 125°C to 200°C, the temperature of the high-temperature heating furnace (8) is set at 500°C to 800°C, and the temperature of the gas refrigerator (9) is set at 25°C to 300°C.

16. The method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, wherein: 20 mL to 300 mL of nitric acid is placed in each of the two gas washing bottles, and the concentration of the nitric acid is 1 mol / L to 10 mol / L.

17. The method for evaluating the performance of a Po capture material according to claim 11, wherein: The flow rates of the two rotor flowmeters are set to 0.1 L / min to 1.0 L / min.

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