A flotation separation depressant for a galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate and a method for the flotation separation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate flotation separation inhibitor and a flotation separation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation. The application provides an inhibitor, which comprises 10-40% of sodium hypochlorite, 10-40% of ferrous sulfate and 10-50% of manganese dichloride combination according to mass percentage. The inhibitor is used under the conditions of pH 4-9, total dosage 0.5-3 kg / t and reaction time 5-8 minutes. After the inhibitor is used in combination with copper-lead mixed concentrate, copper concentrate and lead concentrate are obtained through a flotation process of one roughing and two cleaning, and the separation efficiency reaches 80-95%. The electric reduction regeneration conditions of the inhibitor are as follows: voltage 1.0-5.0 V, reduction time 20 minutes and pH 4-9. After reduction, the combined reagent can be repeatedly used for 5-7 times without additional addition of the combined inhibitor. The combined inhibitor is cheap, is suitable for weakly acidic to alkaline ore pulp, can be regenerated through electric field reduction technology, and thus the purpose of reducing the combined inhibitor is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate flotation separation inhibitor and its flotation separation method, belong to mineral flotation technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Galena is a typical sulfide ore, and is an important mineral for smelting lead. In China, single galena ore is rare, and galena often occurs with sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and other sulfide ores, which is often referred to as complex sulfide ore.

[0003] For complex sulfide ore, pyrite can be inhibited using lime inhibitor, and sphalerite can be separated using zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate as inhibitors. However, the separation of galena and chalcopyrite is still difficult. The main reason for the difficulty in separating galena and chalcopyrite is that both minerals have strong natural floatability, and galena is easily activated by copper ions in the solution, so there is no selective collector to achieve flotation separation. There are many inhibitors for galena, but most of them are large-molecule organic reagents. These reagents are adsorbed on the surface of galena through physical action, and generally have poor selectivity, require large amounts, and have limited application in actual mines. Inorganic inhibitors for galena can generally oxidize the surface of galena and inhibit the flotation of galena, but most inorganic inhibitors are strong oxidizing agents, which have the problems of large amount, inconvenience in transportation and purchase, and environmental hazards. In addition, some reagents must be used under heating conditions, which increases production cost. Therefore, traditional inorganic inhibitors such as potassium permanganate have also been limited in the application of concentrators.

[0004] With the continuous requirements of the state for green mine construction, there is an urgent need for green and efficient separation technology for galena and chalcopyrite. Therefore, by using a combination of sodium hypochlorite, ferrous sulfate and manganese dichloride as a galena inhibitor, and by applying an external electric field to the slurry to promote the regeneration of the inhibitor, the inhibitor can be used multiple times with one-time feeding, and the oxidation and inhibition of galena can be achieved. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems existing in the separation and flotation process of galena and chalcopyrite, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide a flotation separation inhibitor for galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate, which comprises, by mass percentage: 10% to 40% of sodium hypochlorite, 10% to 40% of ferrous sulfate, and 10% to 50% of manganese dichloride; wherein the total mass percentage of sodium hypochlorite, ferrous sulfate and manganese dichloride is 100%.

[0006] Another purpose of the present application is to provide a flotation separation method for galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate

[0007] Specifically comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) grinding the mixed concentrate containing galena and chalcopyrite to obtain a slurry.

[0009] (2) adding an inhibitor to the slurry obtained in step (1) to react; the amount of the inhibitor added is 0.5-3 kg / t.

[0010] (3) filtering the slurry obtained in step (2) to obtain a filtrate and a mixed ore, and adding water and a frother to the mixed ore to obtain a concentrate by one-time cleaning.

[0011] (4) cleaning the concentrate after one-time cleaning to obtain a copper concentrate and a lead concentrate.

[0012] (5) electro-reducing the filtrate of step (3) by an external electric field to obtain a regenerated inhibitor.

[0013] Preferably, the pH of the slurry in step (1) is 3-6.

[0014] Preferably, the grinding in step (1) is to a fineness of 75%-85% of -0.074 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the reaction time in step (2) is 5-8 minutes.

[0016] Preferably, the concentration of the slurry after adding water in step (3) is 25%-30%.

[0017] Preferably, the amount of the frother added in step (3) is 50 g / t-75 g / t, and the frother is No. 2 oil.

[0018] Preferably, the one-time cleaning time in step (3) is 14-18 min.

[0019] Preferably, the secondary cleaning in step (4) does not add any reagent, and the secondary cleaning time is 7-9 min.

[0020] Preferably, the electric potential of the electric field in step (5) is 1.0-5.0 V, and the time is 10-40 min.

[0021] Preferably, the regenerated combined inhibitor obtained in step (5) can be reused.

[0022] Advantages of the present application

[0023] (1) Sodium hypochlorite, ferrous sulfate, and manganese dichloride are widely available and have little harm to the environment. In the inhibitor composed of sodium hypochlorite, ferrous sulfate, and manganese dichloride, Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ can activate hypochlorous acid to produce ·OH free radicals, and Fe 3+ and Mn 4+ions; ·OH radicals have strong oxidizing property and can selectively oxidize cerussite, without inhibiting the flotation of chalcopyrite, thereby promoting the separation of cerussite and chalcopyrite; in order to reduce the amount of raw materials, the regeneration of the depressant is carried out, the depressant solution is electrically reduced, the chloride ions in the positive electrode area are oxidized into chlorine gas, the chlorine gas is dissolved in water to regenerate hypochlorous acid; the Fe 3+ and Mn 4+ in the negative electrode area are reduced into Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ , so as to complete the regeneration of the depressant.

[0024] (2) It can be used in the range of pH 4-9, avoiding the corrosion of acidic ore slurry to equipment.

[0025] (3) The depressant raw material is regenerated by the electric field effect, the depressant solution is electrically reduced, the chloride ions in the positive electrode area are oxidized into chlorine gas, the chlorine gas is dissolved in water to regenerate hypochlorous acid; the Fe 3+ and Mn 4+ in the negative electrode area are reduced into Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ , so as to complete the regeneration of the depressant. Further, the purpose of using once and repeatedly 5-7 times can be achieved, and the amount of reagent is significantly reduced.

[0026] (4) The cost of the electric reduction technology is low, the equipment is mature, and it is easy to implement in the plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a flotation process flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below by combining with the drawings and through specific embodiments. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present application, and do not represent or limit the protection scope of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is subject to the claims.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The depressant used in this embodiment contains 10% of sodium hypochlorite, 40% of ferrous sulfate and 50% of manganese dichloride by mass percentage.

[0031] The cerussite and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate used in this embodiment comes from Yunnan, and the raw ore contains 0.935% of copper and 1.293% of lead.

[0032] A flotation separation method of cerussite and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate is described as follows:

[0033] (1) The cerussite and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate is ground to a fineness of 75% of -0.074 mm, and the slurry is modulated with sulfuric acid to make the pH of the slurry 6.

[0034] (2) The obtained slurry in step (1) is added with 1.5 kg / t of inhibitor and reacted for 5 min.

[0035] (3) The slurry obtained in step (2) is filtered to obtain filtrate and mixed ore, water is added to the mixed ore to make the concentration of the mixed ore slurry 30%, and then 50 g / t of No. 2 oil is added to perform once cleaning, and the once cleaning time is 14 min.

[0036] (4) After once cleaning, secondary cleaning is performed, the secondary cleaning time is 7 min, and the froth product copper concentrate and the bottom product lead concentrate are obtained.

[0037] (5) The filtrate of (3) is subjected to electro-reduction for 30 min with an applied electric field of 3.0 V to obtain regenerated inhibitor.

[0038] Finally, the copper concentrate with copper grade 20.17%, lead grade 1.52%, copper recovery rate 88.73%, and lead recovery rate 3.33%, and the lead concentrate with lead grade 26.34%, copper grade 1.01%, lead recovery rate 89.34%, and copper recovery rate 3.40% are obtained.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The content and composition of the inhibitor used in this example are: 40% sodium hypochlorite, 10% ferrous sulfate, and 50% manganese dichloride.

[0041] The galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate used in this example comes from Guangxi, and the raw ore contains 0.964% copper and 1.265% lead.

[0042] A method for flotation separation of a galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate, the specific steps are as follows:

[0043] (1) The galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate is ground to a fineness of -0.074 mm 85%, and the slurry is conditioned with sulfuric acid to make the pH of the slurry 4.5.

[0044] (2) The slurry obtained in step (1) is added with 1.5 g / t of inhibitor and reacted for 5 min.

[0045] (3) The slurry obtained in step (2) is filtered to obtain filtrate and mixed ore, water is added to the mixed ore to make the concentration of the mixed ore slurry 25%, and then 50 g / t of No. 2 oil is added to perform once cleaning, and the once cleaning time is 14 min.

[0046] (4) After once cleaning, secondary cleaning is performed, the secondary cleaning time is 7 min, and the froth product copper concentrate and the bottom product lead concentrate are obtained.

[0047] (5) The filtrate of (3) is electro-reduced using an external electric field to obtain a regenerated inhibitor.

[0048] The final products were copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.02%, a lead grade of 1.58%, a copper recovery rate of 89.09%, and a lead recovery rate of 3.47%; and lead concentrate with a lead grade of 28.78%, a copper grade of 1.32%, a lead recovery rate of 90.03%, and a copper recovery rate of 3.63%.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The content and composition of the inhibitor used in this embodiment are: 40% sodium hypochlorite, 40% ferrous sulfate, and 20% manganese dichloride.

[0051] The mixed concentrate of galena and chalcopyrite used in this embodiment comes from Guizhou, and the original ore contains 0.935% copper and 1.291% lead.

[0052] A flotation separation method for a mixed concentrate of galena and chalcopyrite, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0053] (1) Grind the mixed concentrate of galena and chalcopyrite to a fineness of -0.074 mm, accounting for 80%, and prepare the ore pulp with sulfuric acid to make the pH of the pulp 3.

[0054] (2) Add 1 g / t of inhibitor to the slurry obtained in step (1) and react for 6 minutes.

[0055] (3) The slurry obtained in step (2) is filtered to obtain a filtrate and a mixed ore. Water is added to the mixed ore to make the concentration of the mixed slurry 25%, and then 50g / t of No. 2 oil is added and a first concentration is performed. The time for a first concentration is 14 minutes.

[0056] (4) After the first concentration, a second concentration is carried out, and the second concentration time is 7 minutes, to obtain the foam product copper concentrate and the bottom product lead concentrate.

[0057] (5) The filtrate of (3) is electro-reduced using an external electric field to obtain a regenerated inhibitor.

[0058] The final products were copper concentrate with a copper grade of 24.28%, a lead grade of 1.72%, a copper recovery rate of 95.71%, and a lead recovery rate of 6.43%; and lead concentrate with a lead grade of 30.92%, a copper grade of 1.13%, a lead recovery rate of 93.71%, and a copper recovery rate of 3.72%.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] The galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate used in the example comes from Guangxi, the raw ore contains 1.023% of copper and 1.452% of lead, the specific steps are the same as those in example 1, the depressor used is the regenerated depressor in example 1, finally, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 23.19%, a lead grade of 1.76%, a copper recovery rate of 94.91% and a lead recovery rate of 6.62%, and a lead concentrate with a lead grade of 30.88%, a copper grade of 1.21%, a lead recovery rate of 92.92% and a copper recovery rate of 3.73% are obtained. It is proved that the regenerated depressor can be recycled and has good effect, and finally it is proved that the depressor described in the application can be reused for 7 times.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] As a comparison, the difference between the present comparative example and example 3 is that only sodium hypochlorite and manganese dichloride are used as depressors for flotation. The separation flotation steps and the dosage of reagents are the same as those in example 3, finally, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 17.42%, a lead grade of 1.14%, a copper recovery rate of 77.58% and a lead recovery rate of 4.83%, and a lead concentrate with a lead grade of 27.09%, a copper grade of 1.61%, a lead recovery rate of 79.92% and a copper recovery rate of 1.22% are obtained. The separation flotation effect of the present comparative example is not as good as that of example 3, because only Mn 2+ The activated sodium hypochlorite can only produce a small part of ·OH free radicals and cannot fully oxidize galena.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] As a comparison, the difference between the present comparative example and example 3 is that only sodium hypochlorite and ferrous sulfate are used as depressors for flotation. The separation flotation steps and the dosage of reagents are the same as those in example 3, finally, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 16.89%, a lead grade of 1.23%, a copper recovery rate of 78.06% and a lead recovery rate of 4.64%, and a lead concentrate with a lead grade of 26.52%, a copper grade of 1.40%, a lead recovery rate of 80.22% and a copper recovery rate of 1.18% are obtained. The separation flotation effect of the present comparative example is not as good as that of example 3, because only Fe 2+ The activated sodium hypochlorite can only produce a small part of ·OH free radicals and cannot fully oxidize galena.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] As a comparison, the present comparative example differs from Example 3 in that only sodium hypochlorite is used as the depressant for the flotation. The separation flotation step and the amount of reagent are the same as in Example 3, and finally a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 16.34%, a lead grade of 1.03%, a copper recovery of 76.45%, and a lead recovery of 4.23%, and a lead concentrate with a lead grade of 26.45%, a copper grade of 1.01%, a lead recovery of 78.34%, and a copper recovery of 1.12% are obtained. The separation flotation effect of the present comparative example is not as good as that of Example 1, and the separation flotation effect of the present comparative example is not as good as that of Example 3. The reason is that Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ can activate hypochlorous acid to produce ·OH free radicals, and Fe 3+ and Mn 4+ ions are generated in the solution. ·OH free radicals have strong oxidizing properties. Only sodium hypochlorite as the depressant cannot produce ·OH free radicals, so the oxidizing properties are greatly weakened.

Claims

1. A flotation separation method for a mixed concentrate of galena and chalcopyrite, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Grinding the mixed concentrate containing galena and chalcopyrite to obtain slurry; (2) adding an inhibitor to the ore pulp obtained in step (1) to carry out a reaction; the amount of the inhibitor added is 0.5-3 kg / t; the inhibitor comprises, by weight percentage, 10%-40% of sodium hypochlorite, 10%-40% of ferrous sulfate, and 10%-50% of manganese dichloride; The total mass percentage of sodium hypochlorite, ferrous sulfate and manganese dichloride is 100%; (3) filtering the slurry obtained in step (2) to obtain a filtrate and a mixed ore, and adding water and a foaming agent to the mixed ore for primary concentration; (4) The concentrate after the primary concentration is further concentrated to obtain copper concentrate and lead concentrate; (5) The filtrate in step (3) is electro-reduced using an external electric field to obtain a regenerated inhibitor.

2. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, wherein: The pH of the slurry in step (1) is 3-6.

3. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, wherein: In step (1), the ore is ground to a fineness of -0.074 mm, accounting for 75% to 85%.

4. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, wherein: The reaction time in step (2) is 5 to 8 minutes.

5. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), water is added to make the concentration of the slurry 25% to 30%.

6. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the amount of the foaming agent added is 50 g / t to 75 g / t, and the foaming agent is No. 2 oil; and the time for one selection is 14 to 18 minutes.

7. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), no reagent is added to the secondary selection, and the secondary selection time is 7 to 9 minutes.

8. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric field in step (5) has an action potential of 1.0 to 5.0 V and a duration of 10 to 40 minutes.

9. The flotation separation method of galena and chalcopyrite mixed concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regenerated combined inhibitor obtained in step (5) can be reused.

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