A solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of stir friction solid-phase deposition additive manufacturing, and specifically relates to a solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly regulating high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials. It mainly includes a feeding deposition system and an ultrasonic control system, and the ultrasonic control system is fixedly installed on the outer side of the feeding deposition system; the feeding deposition system includes a deposition screw, and a screw housing is provided on the outer side of the deposition screw. The screw housing and the outer side of the deposition screw form a connecting cavity, and the connecting cavity is connected to a raw material box. The ultrasonic control system includes a transducer, one end of the transducer is connected to the ultrasonic tool head, and the other end of the transducer is connected to the ultrasonic generator. Based on the existing stir friction welding machine, the adaptation installation and modification are simple to assemble, easy to repair and replace, reducing the cost of additive manufacturing and improving the economy; the feeding deposition and ultrasonic control of the device are separated, and the ultrasonic vibration does not directly contact the main device, avoiding the resonance of the device caused by the ultrasonic vibration, and improving the overall service life of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of stir friction solid-phase deposition additive manufacturing, and specifically relates to a solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing (AM), a new manufacturing technology developed in the 1980s, offers advantages such as short manufacturing cycles, high material utilization, and personalized design. It has been successfully applied in aerospace, weaponry, rail transportation, and medical devices. Traditional metal AM relies on high-energy beams (lasers, electron beams, plasma beams, arcs, etc.) to melt and solidify metal materials, then deposit them layer by layer. Due to the melting and solidification process, traditional high-energy beam AM processes are prone to forming solidification defects such as pores, element volatilization, and thermal cracks within the metal material, severely impacting the dynamic fatigue performance of the additive body.

[0003] In response to the prominent problems of traditional high-energy beam additive manufacturing technology, researchers have proposed a friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing technology based on the principle of friction stir welding. Since there is no melting and solidification in the additive manufacturing process of this technology, the defects caused by melting and solidification can be effectively avoided. However, due to the repeated thermal cycle input and complex material flow in the friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing process, which leads to uneven organizational properties, there are certain limitations in the manufacture of high-performance structural parts. In order to improve the formability and comprehensive mechanical properties of the additive body, ultrasonic vibration can be introduced to further improve the material fluidity and formability, and regulate the material microstructure and comprehensive mechanical properties.

[0004] Aluminum-based composites offer advantages such as low density, high specific strength, and excellent thermal conductivity. High-entropy alloys (HEAs), as multi-principal alloys, are composed of five or more primary elements, with the atomic percentage of each element ranging from 5 to 35 at%. Due to their high configurational entropy, HEAs readily form simple solid solutions such as FCC and BCC, exhibiting advantages such as high strength, wear resistance, and toughness. The difference in thermal expansion coefficient between HEAs and the metal matrix is ​​relatively small, and the HEAs, as reinforcing particles, exhibit good metal-metal interfacial bonding with the aluminum matrix, forming a stable and reliable interface. Due to various strengthening mechanisms, such as grain refinement and dislocation strengthening, HEAs can achieve simultaneous improvements in both strength and ductility in composites.

[0005] Ultrasonic vibration energy, as a form of mechanical energy, mainly promotes material flow and regulates processing temperature through high-frequency vibration. It is widely used in many mechanical processing processes. Studies have shown that the fatigue strength of materials can be improved to a certain extent by applying ultrasonic vibration. In addition, ultrasonic vibration can reduce the material's deformation resistance, improve material fluidity, and promote the uniform distribution of reinforced particles during the additive process of aluminum-based composite materials. However, the research and development of this technical device is currently in its infancy, the equipment development cost is high, and ultrasonic vibration is difficult to effectively apply to the additive body, and the effect of ultrasonic vibration is not obvious. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art of complex preparation process and long preparation cycle of traditional high-entropy alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly regulating high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials comprises a feeding deposition system and an ultrasonic regulation system, wherein the ultrasonic regulation system is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the feeding deposition system; the feeding deposition system comprises a deposition screw, wherein a screw housing is provided on the outer side of the deposition screw, wherein the screw housing and the outer side of the deposition screw form a connecting cavity, wherein the connecting cavity is connected to a raw material box; and the ultrasonic regulation system comprises a transducer, wherein one end of the transducer is connected to an ultrasonic tool head, and the other end of the transducer is connected to an ultrasonic generator.

[0009] The feeding deposition system also includes a rotating spindle, and a deposition screw base is installed at the lower end of the rotating spindle. The deposition screw is fixedly connected to the deposition screw base through an expansion sleeve. The rotation of the rotating spindle drives the deposition screw base to rotate, and the rotation of the deposition screw base drives the deposition screw to perform high-speed rotation. The deposition screw is a two-section screw consisting of a parallel section and a conical section. The length of the conical section screw accounts for 30% of the total length of the screw.

[0010] The feeding deposition system also includes a stationary spindle, which is installed outside the rotating spindle. The lower end of the stationary spindle is installed with a base shell through bolts, and the screw shell is installed at the bottom of the base shell through bolts.

[0011] A mounting hole is provided on one side of the base shell, and the inner center part of the base shell is a groove. A feeding pipe is provided at the lower end of the raw material box. The feeding pipe passes through the mounting hole of the base shell and is placed in the groove of the base shell. The groove forms a connecting cavity with the screw shell and the outside of the deposition screw.

[0012] The screw housing is a structural component consisting of a parallel part and a non-parallel part. The parallel part of the screw housing is installed at the bottom of the base housing, and the non-parallel part of the screw housing is sleeved on the outside of the deposition screw. The bottom of the screw housing is a long slot with a width of 10-30 mm and a depth of 2-5 mm.

[0013] The ultrasonic control system is connected to the outer side of the feeding deposition system through the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate respectively. An ultrasonic mounting frame is provided in the ultrasonic control system. One end of the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are connected to the ultrasonic mounting frame, and the other end of the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are respectively connected to the outer side of the stationary main shaft and the base shell.

[0014] The transducer is installed inside the sliding shell, one end of the transducer connected to the ultrasonic tool head is connected to the horn, and the ultrasonic tool head is connected to the end of the horn.

[0015] The sliding shell is slidably connected to the ultrasonic mounting frame, the ultrasonic mounting frame is provided with a guide rail, the sliding shell is provided with a convex structure, and the convex structure of the sliding shell is embedded in the guide rail of the ultrasonic mounting frame.

[0016] One end of the transducer connected to the ultrasonic generator is fixed with a push rod, the push rod is connected with a cylinder, and the cylinder is installed on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame through bolts.

[0017] A method for manufacturing a solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, the manufacturing method comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: The ball-milled high-entropy alloy powder and aluminum alloy particles are mixed in a certain proportion, and the mixed raw materials are placed in a raw material box. Under the action of their own gravity, the mixed raw materials enter the connected cavity formed by the deposition screw and the screw shell;

[0019] Step 2: The mixed raw materials in the connected cavity are initially thermoplasticized by the rotating friction and extrusion of the deposition screw. Subsequently, the thermoplasticized mixed raw materials are extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw shell under the action of the axial force, and are deposited on the surface of the contact substrate to form an additive body under the shaping of the long groove at the bottom of the screw shell;

[0020] Step 3: After the additive body is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate, the substrate moves laterally. The ultrasonic generator in the ultrasonic control system sends a signal to the transducer by setting parameters such as ultrasonic frequency and amplitude. The transducer converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy controls the ultrasonic tool head 12 to vibrate and directly act on the surface of the additive body 11 0.1-0.2 mm below the surface.

[0021] Step 4: After the first layer of additive is completed, the screw housing is lifted a certain distance and returned to the starting point to provide space for the second layer deposition. Ultrasonic vibration can then increase the bonding strength between the interfaces of each layer of the additive. This reciprocating cycle can achieve three-dimensional solid-phase additive manufacturing of metals.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention discloses a rapidly controlled solid-phase additive manufacturing device for high-entropy alloy-reinforced aluminum-based composites. Compared to traditional preparation methods, this technical solution utilizes a feed deposition system and an ultrasonic control system to directly deposit and form the desired composite structure onto a substrate, significantly simplifying the preparation process. Because the entire process is completed in a continuous operation, there are no multiple steps or long waits between raw material supply and final product formation, significantly reducing overall production time. Ultrasonic waves can more evenly disperse high-entropy alloy particles within the aluminum matrix and help improve interfacial bonding, thereby enhancing the overall mechanical and other physicochemical properties of the composite. By controlling the feed volume of different raw materials in the feed deposition system and adjusting ultrasonic parameters (such as frequency and amplitude), the ratio of the composite components can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, achieving precise control of material properties. This reduces the high equipment investment required by traditional complex processes; on the other hand, the increased efficiency also reduces energy consumption and labor costs per unit product. Compared to some traditional preparation methods that require high temperature and high pressure, this device operates under relatively mild conditions, helping to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0024] Furthermore, by rotating the main shaft to drive the high-speed rotation of the deposition screw base and the deposition screw, the transmission system is simplified and the number of mechanical components is reduced. Moreover, the high-speed rotation of the deposition screw driven by the rotating main shaft can accelerate the mixing and conveying speed of raw materials, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, the stationary spindle provides stable support for the feeding and deposition system, ensuring the stability of the entire system. The base shell is fixed with bolts, which is easy to disassemble and maintain, improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0026] Furthermore, the raw material box directly feeds the raw materials into the groove of the base shell through the feeding pipe, thereby ensuring the continuous supply and uniform distribution of the raw materials; avoiding leakage and waste of the raw materials during the transportation process, and improving the utilization rate of the raw materials.

[0027] Furthermore, the parallel and non-parallel design of the screw housing facilitates the flow of raw materials within the screw, reducing blockages and unevenness. The long notch design at the bottom of the screw housing can shape the extruded raw materials, ensuring a more precise shape and size of the additive body.

[0028] Furthermore, the ultrasonic control system is connected to the outer side of the feeding deposition system through an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate, which facilitates adjustment of the position and angle to adapt to different processing requirements; the ultrasonic control system can directly act on the surface of the additive body through ultrasonic vibration, thereby increasing the interlayer bonding strength and improving the overall performance of the material.

[0029] Furthermore, the transducer converts electrical signals into mechanical vibration energy, improving the energy conversion efficiency. The design of the amplitude transformer can accurately control the amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic vibration of the ultrasonic tool head, achieving fine processing of the additive body.

[0030] Furthermore, the sliding housing can slide freely on the guide rail, which facilitates the adjustment of the position of the ultrasonic tool head to adapt to the processing requirements of different sizes and shapes; the guide rail design ensures the movement accuracy of the sliding housing and improves the consistency and reliability of the processing.

[0031] Furthermore, the cylinder pushes the transducer through the push rod, realizing automatic adjustment of the ultrasonic tool head and reducing manual intervention; the automated adjustment improves work efficiency and reduces operational difficulty.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention discloses a method for rapidly controlling the solid-phase additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloy-reinforced aluminum-based composites. This method involves mixing ball-milled high-entropy alloy powder and aluminum alloy particles directly into a deposition screw, simplifying the raw material preparation and delivery process. The thermal plasticization and extrusion processes fully mix and plasticize the raw materials, improving the quality and consistency of the final product. Ultrasonic vibration is used to enhance interlayer bonding strength, enabling rapid, high-quality three-dimensional solid-phase additive manufacturing. This entire process simplifies the preparation process for high-entropy alloy-reinforced aluminum-based composites, shortens the preparation cycle, reduces energy consumption, and lowers production costs.

[0033] Furthermore, since no melting and solidification occurs in the additive process, there is no need for a protective atmosphere or a special environment, and additive manufacturing can be achieved in a conventional atmospheric environment. The device has strong environmental adaptability and good economy. The raw materials are stored twice in the raw material box and the base shell groove to meet the raw material supply in the additive process. By setting the relevant specifications and parameters of the deposition screw, the rotation speed, etc., the efficiency of additive manufacturing can be improved.

[0034] Furthermore, based on the existing friction stir welding machine, the adaptation and installation modification is simple to assemble and easy to repair and replace, which reduces the device research and development cost, reduces the additive manufacturing cost, and improves the economy; the device adopts a separate design of deposition feeding system and ultrasonic control system, and the ultrasonic vibration does not directly contact the main device, avoiding ultrasonic vibration-induced resonance of the device and improving the overall service life of the device.

[0035] Furthermore, the ultrasonic control system directly affects the surface of the additive body through the ultrasonic tool head, shortening the ultrasonic application distance and improving the ultrasonic vibration control effect. By separating the stir friction and ultrasonic vibration coupling effects, the ultrasonic vibration parameters can be adjusted independently, allowing for rapid and precise control of the additive body structure and facilitating process parameter optimization. Ultrasonic vibration promotes the uniform distribution of high-entropy alloy reinforcement particles and further enhances the bond strength between each layer interface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic-assisted friction stir solid-phase deposition additive manufacturing device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic-assisted friction stir solid-phase deposition additive manufacturing device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rails of the ultrasonic mounting frame of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic mounting frame of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the long notch at the bottom of the screw housing of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a metallographic diagram comparing the microstructure before and after ultrasonic action of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numbers: 1. Stationary spindle; 2. Rotating spindle; 3. Deposition screw base; 4. Deposition screw; 5. Expansion sleeve; 6. Raw material box; 7. Base housing; 8. Feed pipe; 9. Screw housing; 10. Base plate; 11. Additive body; 12. Ultrasonic tool head; 13. Amplitude transformer; 14. Sliding housing; 15. Lower mounting plate; 16. Transducer; 17. Push rod; 18. Cylinder; 19. Ultrasonic mounting frame; 20. Guide rail; 21. Upper mounting plate; 101. Feeding and deposition system; 102. Ultrasonic control system; 103. Ultrasonic generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit it.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 5 A solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials includes a feeding and deposition system 101 and an ultrasonic control system 102; a substrate 10 is located at the lower end of the feeding and deposition system 101 and the ultrasonic control system 102.

[0046] The feeding deposition system 101 includes a stationary spindle 1, a rotating spindle 2, a deposition screw base 3, a deposition screw 4, an expansion coupling sleeve 5, a base shell 7, a screw shell 9, a raw material box 6, and a feeding pipe 8; wherein, the base shell 7 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the stationary spindle 1 by bolts, and there is a groove at the center position inside the base shell 7. A mounting through hole for the feeding pipe 8 is provided on one side of the base shell 7. The upper end of the feeding pipe 8 is connected to the bottom of the raw material box 6, and the lower end of the feeding pipe 8 passes through the mounting through hole and is placed in the groove of the base shell 7; a rotating spindle 2 is provided inside the base shell 7, and a deposition screw base 3 is installed on the rotating spindle 2. The deposition screw base 3 is fixed to the deposition screw 4 through the expansion coupling sleeve 5, and the rotating spindle 2 can drive the deposition screw 4 to rotate through the deposition screw base 3; the screw shell 9 is installed on the bottom of the base shell 7 by bolts, and the screw shell 9 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the deposition screw 4, and the screw shell 9 forms a connecting cavity with the deposition screw 4, and a long slot is provided at the bottom of the screw shell 9.

[0047] The ultrasonic control system 102 includes an upper mounting plate 21, a lower mounting plate 15, a cylinder 18, a push rod 17, an ultrasonic mounting frame 19, a sliding housing 14, an ultrasonic generator 103, a transducer 16, a horn 13 and an ultrasonic tool head 12; wherein the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 is connected to the upper mounting plate 21 and the lower mounting plate 15, and the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 is fixedly connected to the stationary spindle 1 and the base housing 7 through the upper mounting plate 21 and the lower mounting plate 15 respectively. The upper part of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 is provided with through holes of equal spacing and size, and a guide rail 20 is provided inside; the sliding housing 14 is provided with a raised structure, and the raised structure of the sliding housing 14 is embedded in the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19. The sliding housing 14 can slide back and forth in the guide rail 20 of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19. A transducer 16 is fixedly installed inside the sliding housing 14, and one end of the transducer 16 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 103, and the other end of the transducer 16 is connected to the horn 13, and a detachable ultrasonic tool head 12 is installed at the end of the horn 13; the cylinder 18 is mounted on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 by bolts, and can drive the sliding housing 14 to reciprocate through the push rod 17.

[0048] This embodiment provides a device and method for rapidly controlling the solid-phase additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0049] After the feeding deposition system 101 and the ultrasonic control system 102 are powered on, the high entropy alloy and aluminum alloy mixed raw materials are placed in the raw material box 6 in advance. Under the action of gravity of the raw material box 6, the high entropy alloy and aluminum alloy mixed raw materials are transported to the groove of the base shell 7 through the feeding pipe 8 at the lower end of the raw material box 6. The groove of the base shell 7 is connected to the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The base shell 7 and the screw shell 9 at its lower end form a connecting cavity. The mixed raw materials in the groove of the base shell 7 enter the connecting cavity through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4.

[0050] After the device is started, the machine tool drives the rotating spindle 2 to rotate. A deposition screw base 3 is mounted at the lower end of the rotating spindle 2 and is fixedly connected to the deposition screw 4 via an expansion sleeve 5. The rotating spindle 2, through the deposition screw base 3 and the expansion sleeve 5, drives the deposition screw 4 to rotate at high speed, with a rotation speed of 50-1200 rpm. Under the action of the high-speed rotation of the deposition screw 4, the mixed raw material in the groove of the base housing 7 is transported through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4 into the connecting cavity. The high-speed rotation of the deposition screw 4 causes friction and compression on the mixed raw material in the connecting cavity. Under the friction and compression of the deposition screw 4, the mixed raw material in the connecting cavity is thermally plasticized and then extruded through the long slot at the bottom of the screw housing 9 to the substrate 10 at its lower end. The deposition screw 4 simultaneously moves downward while rotating at high speed, generating axial feed pressure in the vertically downward direction. Under the axial feed pressure of the deposition screw 4, the thermally plasticized mixed raw material adheres to and gradually deposits on the substrate 10 to form an additive body 11. The additive body 11 deposited on the substrate 10 is constrained in width and height by the long slot at the bottom of the screw housing 9, thereby improving the formability of the additive body 11. The width of the long slot is 10-30 mm, and the depth of the long slot is 2-5 mm.

[0051] After the high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material additive body 11 is deposited onto the substrate 10, the substrate 10 moves laterally, and the ultrasonic tool head 12 at the end of the amplitude transformer 13 in the ultrasonic control system 102 directly acts on the upper surface of the additive body 11; the amplitude transformer 13 is connected to one end of the transducer 16, and the displacement and pressure are controlled by the cylinder 18 and the push rod 17. The other end of the transducer 16 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 103, and the other end of the transducer 16 is connected to a push rod 17. The transducer 16 is arranged inside the sliding housing 14. A raised structure is provided on the sliding housing 14. The raised structure of the sliding housing 14 is embedded in the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19. The cylinder 18 is mounted on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 by bolts. The piston in the cylinder 18 moves and pushes the push rod 17 to move. The push rod 17 drives the sliding housing 14 to reciprocate. The sliding housing 14 slides and drives the transducer 16 inside it to slide back and forth in the guide rail 20 of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19, thereby realizing the movement of the horn 13 along the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19; the ultrasonic generator 103 sends a signal to the transducer 16 by setting parameters such as ultrasonic frequency and amplitude. The transducer 16 converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy amplifies the vibration effect through the horn 13 and finally outputs it from the ultrasonic tool head 12. The working range of the ultrasonic tool head 12 is 20 kHZ-30 kHZ ultrasonic frequency, 50%-100% ultrasonic amplitude; the ultrasonic tool head 12 generates ultrasonic vibration and directly acts on the surface of the additive body 11 at 0.1-0.2mm; the ultrasonic tool head 12 is a detachable structure, and the contact surface between the ultrasonic tool head 12 and the additive body 11 is rectangular, and the minimum width of the contact surface is the width of the additive body

[0052] The ultrasonic generator 103 regulates the transducer 16 and the amplitude transformer 13, and then directly applies ultrasonic vibration to the surface of the additive body 11 through the ultrasonic tool head 12, thereby improving the effect of the ultrasonic action, separating the stirring friction and ultrasonic vibration coupling effects, accurately and quickly regulating the organization, promoting the uniform distribution of high-entropy alloy reinforcement particles, and improving material flow and organizational properties.

[0053] After completing the first layer of additive body 11, the screw housing 9 is lifted a certain distance and returned to the starting point to provide space for the deposition of the second layer of additive body 11. Subsequently, ultrasonic vibration can also improve the bonding strength between the interfaces of each layer of additive body 11. Such a reciprocating cycle can realize the three-dimensional solid-phase additive manufacturing of metals.

[0054] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] The CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy particles are selected as the reinforcement phase. After ball milling, they are passed through a standard mesh sieve to obtain a high entropy alloy particle size distribution range of 20-50 The matrix is ​​a 6061 aluminum alloy with a particle size range of 3-5 mm. High-entropy alloy particles with a volume fraction of 8% and 6061 aluminum alloy particles are placed in a raw material box 6. Under the action of their own gravity, the mixed raw materials flow from the lower end of the feeding pipe 8 into the groove in the center of the base shell 7;

[0057] The deposition screw 4 is set to rotate counterclockwise at a speed of 800 rpm. The groove in the center of the base housing 7 is connected to the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material in the groove enters the connected cavity through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material is initially thermoplasticized under the action of rotational friction and extrusion. Subsequently, the thermoplasticized mixed raw material is extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw housing 9 under the action of axial force. The long notch at the bottom of the screw housing 9 has a width of 10 mm and a depth of 3 mm. After being shaped by the long notch, the mixed raw material is deposited on the surface of the contact substrate to form an additive body 11.

[0058] After the additive body 11 is deposited on the substrate 10, the substrate 10 moves laterally at a speed of 150 mm / min. The additive body 11 contacts the ultrasonic tool head 12. The ultrasonic tool head 12 has a width of 12 mm. The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic generator 103 is set to 25 kHz and the amplitude parameter is 80%. The ultrasonic generator 103 sends the ultrasonic frequency and amplitude signal to the transducer 16. The transducer 16 converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy is amplified by the horn 13. Then it is output from the ultrasonic tool head 12; at the same time, the piston movement of the cylinder 18 pushes the push rod 17 and drives the transducer 16 to reciprocate along the guide rail 20 of the screw housing 9, and the transducer 16 controls the ultrasonic tool head 12 to reciprocate on the upper surface of the additive body 11 through the amplitude rod 13. Under the action of the amplitude rod 13 and the cylinder 18, the ultrasonic tool head 12 directly contacts the upper surface of the additive body 11 and applies ultrasonic vibration to it, shortening the ultrasonic application distance, improving the ultrasonic vibration control effect, and improving the material flow.

[0059] After the first layer of additive material 11 is completed, the ultrasonic tool head 12 is retracted along the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 via the horn 13. The screw housing 9 is raised a certain distance and then returns to its starting point, making room for the second layer to be deposited. After the initial position is 3mm above the upper surface of the first layer of additive material 11, the second layer is added under the same parameters as above. Ultrasonic vibration also improves the bond strength between the interfaces of each layer of additive material 11.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy particles are selected as the reinforcement phase. After ball milling, they are passed through a standard mesh sieve to obtain a high entropy alloy particle size distribution range of 20-50 The matrix is ​​a 6061 aluminum alloy with a particle size range of 3-5 mm. The high entropy alloy particles with a volume fraction of 8% and the 6061 aluminum alloy particles are placed in the raw material box 6. Under the action of their own gravity, the mixed raw materials enter the groove of the base shell 7 from the lower end of the feeding pipe 8;

[0062] The deposition screw 4 is set to rotate counterclockwise at a speed of 800 rpm. The groove in the center of the base housing 7 is connected to the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material in the groove enters the connected cavity through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material is initially thermoplasticized under the rotating friction and extrusion of the deposition screw 4. Subsequently, the thermoplasticized mixed raw material is extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw housing 9 under the action of axial force. The long notch at the bottom of the screw housing 9 has a width of 10 mm and a depth of 3 mm. After being shaped by the long notch, the mixed raw material is deposited onto the surface of the contact substrate.

[0063] After the additive body 11 is deposited on the substrate 10, the substrate 10 moves laterally at a speed of 150 mm / min. The additive body 11 contacts the ultrasonic tool head 12. The width of the ultrasonic tool head 12 is 12 mm. The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic generator 103 is set to 0 Hz and the amplitude parameter is 0%, that is, no ultrasonic vibration is applied. At this time, the piston movement of the cylinder 18 pushes the push rod 17 and drives the transducer 16 to reciprocate along the guide rail 20 of the screw housing 9. The transducer 16 controls the ultrasonic tool head 12 to reciprocate on the upper surface of the additive body 11 through the amplitude rod 13, generating a vibration effect without ultrasonic on the upper surface of the additive body 11.

[0064] After the first additive layer 11 is completed, the ultrasonic tool head 12 is retracted by the push rod, and the screw housing 9 is raised a certain distance and returned to the starting point to make room for the second layer to be deposited. After the starting position is 3mm above the surface of the first additive layer, the second additive layer 11 is deposited under the same parameters as above.

[0065] The thickness, tensile strength and elongation of the additive bodies 11 prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 are compared. The microstructure metallographic images of the additive bodies 11 prepared in Example 1 with ultrasonic vibration and Example 2 without ultrasonic vibration are shown in FIG. Figure 6 (a) and Figure 6 (b) As shown; the comparison results of the thickness, tensile strength and elongation of the additive body 1 produced by the ultrasonic vibration in Example 1 and the vibration without ultrasonic vibration in Example 2 are shown in Table 1 below.

[0066] Table 1

[0067]

[0068] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification describes the embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This description is for clarity only. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made based on the technical solution in accordance with the technical concept proposed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a feeding deposition system (101) and an ultrasonic control system (102), wherein the ultrasonic control system (102) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the feeding deposition system (101); the feeding deposition system (101) comprises a rotating main shaft (2), a deposition screw base (3) is mounted on the lower end of the rotating main shaft (2), and the deposition screw (4) is fixedly connected to the deposition screw base (3) via an expansion coupling sleeve (5); the feeding deposition system (101) comprises a deposition screw (4), and a screw housing (9) is provided on the outer side of the deposition screw (4), and the screw housing (9) forms a connection with the outer side of the deposition screw (4). The connecting cavity is connected to a raw material box (6), the screw housing (9) is a structural member consisting of a parallel part and a non-parallel part, the parallel part of the screw housing (9) is mounted on the bottom of the base housing (7), the non-parallel part of the screw housing (9) is sleeved on the outside of the deposition screw (4), the bottom of the screw housing (9) is a long slot, the mixed raw materials in the connecting cavity are initially thermoplasticized under the rotation, friction and extrusion of the deposition screw (4), and the thermoplasticized mixed raw materials are deposited on the surface of the contact substrate to form an additive body (11) under the shaping of the long slot at the bottom of the screw housing (9); the ultrasonic control system The system (102) is connected to the outer side of the feeding deposition system (101) through the upper mounting plate (21) and the lower mounting plate (15), respectively. An ultrasonic mounting frame (19) is provided in the ultrasonic control system (102), one end of the upper mounting plate (21) and the lower mounting plate (15) are connected to the ultrasonic mounting frame (19), and the other ends of the upper mounting plate (21) and the lower mounting plate (15) are respectively connected to the outer side of the stationary main shaft (1) and the base shell (7); a guide rail (20) is provided on the ultrasonic mounting frame (19), and a protrusion structure is provided on the sliding shell (14), and the protrusion of the sliding shell (14) is provided. The structure is embedded in the guide rail (20) of the ultrasonic mounting frame (19); the ultrasonic control system (102) includes a transducer (16), the transducer (16) is installed inside the sliding shell (14), one end of the transducer (16) connected to the ultrasonic tool head (12) is connected to the amplitude rod (13), and the ultrasonic tool head (12) is connected to the end of the amplitude rod (13); one end of the transducer (16) connected to the ultrasonic generator (103) is fixed with a push rod (17), the push rod (17) is connected to the cylinder (18), and the cylinder (18) is installed on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame (19) by bolts.

2. The solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deposition screw (4) is a two-section screw consisting of a parallel section and a tapered section, wherein the length of the tapered section accounts for 30% of the total length of the screw.

3. The solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding deposition system (101) further includes a stationary spindle (1), which is mounted on the outside of the rotating spindle (2). The lower end of the stationary spindle (1) is mounted with a base housing (7) via bolts, and the screw housing (9) is mounted on the bottom of the base housing (7) via bolts.

4. The device for rapidly controlling the solid-phase additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting through hole is provided on one side of the base shell (7), and the inner center portion of the base shell (7) is a groove. A feed pipe (8) is provided at the lower end of the raw material box (6), and the feed pipe (8) passes through the mounting through hole of the base shell (7) and is placed in the groove of the base shell (7). The groove is connected to the screw shell (9) and the outer side of the deposition screw (4) to form a connecting cavity.

5. The solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the long notch at the bottom of the screw housing (9) is 10-30 mm, and the depth of the long notch is 2-5 mm.

6. A method for manufacturing a solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, based on a solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The manufacturing method thereof comprises the following steps: Step 1: The ball-milled high-entropy alloy powder and aluminum alloy particles are mixed in a certain proportion, and the mixed raw materials are placed in a raw material box (6), and enter the connected cavity formed by the deposition screw (4) and the screw housing (9) under the action of their own gravity; Step 2: The mixed raw material in the connected cavity is initially thermoplasticized under the action of the rotating friction extrusion of the deposition screw (4), and then the thermoplasticized mixed raw material is extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw housing (9) under the action of the axial force, and is deposited on the surface of the contact substrate to form an additive body (11) under the shaping of the long groove at the bottom of the screw housing (9); Step 3: After the additive body (11) is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate (10), the substrate (10) moves laterally, and the ultrasonic generator (103) in the ultrasonic control system (102) sends a signal to the transducer (16) by setting parameters such as ultrasonic frequency and amplitude. The transducer (16) converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy controls the ultrasonic tool head (12) to generate vibration and directly acts on 0.1-0.2 mm below the surface of the additive body (11); Step 4: After the first layer of the additive body (11) is completed, the screw housing (9) is lifted a certain distance and returned to the starting point to provide space for the second layer deposition. The ultrasonic vibration can then increase the bonding strength between the interfaces of each layer of the additive body. This reciprocating cycle can realize the three-dimensional solid-phase additive manufacturing of metals.

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