A 3D structure and its manufacturing method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of shell technology, and discloses a 3D structure and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises: providing a substrate layer, arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film; providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one or both sides of the substrate decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, rolling or air pressing to form an integral membrane, wherein the integral membrane has an effective area and an ineffective area, wherein the ineffective area is a peripheral area located outside the effective area; curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating located in the ineffective area is cured, while the liquid coating located in the effective area remains in a liquid state; placing the integral membrane after the ineffective area is cured into a first mold, heating, pressurizing and stretching the effective area, and removing the formed integral membrane; curing the formed integral membrane, peeling off the release film after curing, and the film thickness of the liquid coating after curing is uniform and no liquid accumulation is generated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of housings, and in particular to a 3D structure and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are two main ways to treat the functional layer on the surface of traditional 3D structures. One is to first treat the material with a functional layer and then stretch it into shape. This process can be applied when the stretching fixation is small and the product structure is simple. However, when the product structure is complex and the stretching curvature is large, the functional layer will crack and break during stretching. The second is to first form the material and then apply the functional layer by spraying or coating. When the 3D structure is more complex and the curvature is larger, the spray coating method will cause liquid accumulation at the corners of the complex structure during spray coating. The spray coating method cannot completely spray in place when dealing with complex structures, resulting in inconsistent thickness of the functional coating, resulting in local functions not meeting the product requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D stereoscopic structure and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid and uneven film thickness of the functional layer in the existing 3D stereoscopic structure.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a 3D structure, the manufacturing method comprising:

[0005] Providing a substrate layer, and disposing a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film;

[0006] Providing a release film, coating a liquid coating on one or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film sheet, wherein the integral film sheet has an effective area and an ineffective area, and the ineffective area is located in the peripheral area of ​​the effective area;

[0007] curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state;

[0008] placing the solidified integral diaphragm in the ineffective area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing, and stretching the effective area, and taking out the formed integral diaphragm;

[0009] The formed integral film is cured, and the release film is peeled off after curing.

[0010] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the step of providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and performing rolling or air pressing to form an integral film is formed in three steps, including:

[0011] Provide release film;

[0012] Applying a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film by screen printing, blade coating, flow coating, dip coating or roller coating, wherein the liquid coating is one of a hardening coating, a skin-feel coating or an antibacterial coating;

[0013] The release surface of the release film is covered on the side of the liquid coating away from the substrate decorative film, and the film is rolled by a rolling device or placed in a vacuum container for air pressure to exhaust the air and make the liquid coating evenly distributed between the substrate decorative film and the release film to form the integral film.

[0014] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the step of curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains liquid is formed in two steps, including:

[0015] placing the integral diaphragm into a second mold;

[0016] The effective area is shielded by a shielding object, and the ineffective area is cured by ultraviolet irradiation or baking, so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains liquid, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , the irradiation time is 1-30 seconds, the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min.

[0017] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the steps of placing the integral diaphragm after curing the ineffective area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing and stretching the effective area, and removing the formed integral diaphragm are formed in two steps, including:

[0018] The whole diaphragm after solidification of the ineffective area is placed in a first mold, and the effective area is heated and baked to soften the whole diaphragm to a state where it can be stretched and shaped;

[0019] The desired shape is pressed out through a concave-convex mold or extruded through high-pressure gas, a liquid capsule, a silicone head, etc. to obtain a formed integral diaphragm, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0020] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the step of curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing is formed in two steps, further comprising:

[0021] The formed integral film is cured by ultraviolet irradiation or baking, wherein the ultraviolet wavelength is 340-400nm and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min;

[0022] The formed and cured integral film is taken out, and the release film is peeled off.

[0023] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the step of setting a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film includes: setting a decorative layer on the substrate layer through a silk screen printing process, a UV transfer optical texture process, an electroplating process, a color printing process, a four-color color printing process, a texture rubbing process, a pad printing process, a water transfer process, a laminating process, and a hot stamping process to form a substrate decorative film.

[0024] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.

[0025] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing, the process also includes cutting off the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to a preset drawing.

[0026] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D stereoscopic structure is cut off by a CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing, it also includes placing the cut 3D stereoscopic structure into an injection molding machine for IMD mold molding.

[0027] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after curing the formed integral diaphragm, the process further includes cutting off the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to a preset drawing.

[0028] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D stereoscopic structure is cut off by a CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing, it also includes placing the cut 3D stereoscopic structure into an injection molding machine for IMD mold molding.

[0029] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the release surface of the release film may be a glossy surface, a matte surface, or a textured surface with structural features.

[0030] The present invention also provides a 3D stereoscopic structure, which is manufactured using the manufacturing method described in item 1.

[0031] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, a decorative layer is provided on one surface of a substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film, and at the same time, the 3D structure is made more gorgeous. Then, a liquid coating is evenly applied between the release surface of the release film and the surface of either side of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film. Alternatively, the liquid coating is evenly applied between the release surface of the release film and the surface of both sides of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film. The ineffective areas around the edges of the overall film are cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area in the middle of the overall film is kept in a liquid state. On the one hand, after the liquid coating on the edge of the overall film is cured, This can prevent the liquid coating in the middle from being lost during the processing and transportation process, as well as the heating, baking and pressurizing and stretching processes, resulting in the problem of air appearing in the middle of the entire diaphragm. On the other hand, because the liquid coating in the middle is in liquid state, when deformation is generated by pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that every corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating. After the liquid coating is completely cured, a 3D structure with a surface evenly covered with liquid coating can be obtained, avoiding cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid or uneven film thickness of the functional layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0033] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the effective area and ineffective area of ​​the overall diaphragm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of applying a liquid coating on the surface of a decorative layer of a substrate decorative film in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of coating a liquid coating on the surface of a substrate layer of a substrate decorative film according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5Schematic diagram of applying a liquid coating on the surfaces of the decorative layer and the substrate layer of the substrate decorative film in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 1 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the 3D structure after injection molding in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 1 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 4 is a flow chart of a fourth embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 4 is a flow chart of a fifth embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 4 is a flow chart of a sixth embodiment of the method for manufacturing a 3D structure in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element, or one or more elements can be interposed therebetween. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more elements can be interposed therebetween. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; "plurality" means two or more. The term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to be non-exclusive, and one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof may be present or added.

[0045] In addition, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. All technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0046] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0047] The 3D structure of the present invention is a shell structure, which is applied to electronic products, household appliances or automobiles. Electronic products include but are not limited to watches, smart phones, telephones, computers, game consoles, headphones and other wearable devices, projectors or mobile communication products, and household appliances include but are not limited to televisions, radios, refrigerators, cold drink machines, air conditioners, speakers, video recorders, cameras, electric ovens, induction cookers, rice cookers, electric irons, washing machines or dryers. That is, the 3D structure of the present invention can be the shell of a watch, the shell of a smart phone, the shell of a telephone, the shell of a computer, the shell of a game console, the shell of headphones and other wearable devices, the shell of a projector, the shell of a mobile communication product, the shell of a television, the shell of a radio, the shell of a refrigerator, the shell of a cold drink machine, the shell of an air conditioner, the shell of a speaker, the shell of a video recorder, the shell of a camera, the shell of an electric oven, the shell of an induction cooker, the shell of an electric rice cooker, the shell of an electric iron, the shell of a washing machine, the shell of a dryer or the shell of a car, etc.

[0048] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiment of the present invention is described below. Figure 1 A first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0049] S1. providing a substrate layer, and disposing a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film;

[0050] In this step, a sheet-like substrate layer material with stretchable shape is prepared to obtain a substrate layer. The material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material. Thermoplastic materials or thermosetting materials are all materials that can be deformed by heating and pressurizing. Specifically, the thermoplastic material can be polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), nylon (Nylon), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon, PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), epoxy board resin board or one of the fiber composite materials with thermoplastic and thermosetting properties, or the above description A thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material is composited with multiple materials mentioned above, and then a decorative layer is arranged on the sheet-like substrate layer material through a silk screen printing process, a UV transfer optical texture process, an electroplating process, a color printing process, a four-color color printing process, a texture rubbing process, a pad printing process, a water transfer process, a laminating process, and a hot stamping process. The processing order of these ten processes can also be adjusted arbitrarily according to actual product requirements. Two or more decorative layers can also be arranged by any two or more processes, or a decorative layer can be arranged by any one of these ten processes. The decorative layer includes but is not limited to a color layer, a pattern layer, a texture layer, a combination of a color layer and a pattern layer, a combination of a color layer and a texture layer, or a combination of a pattern layer and a texture layer.

[0051] Through this step, a variety of different colors or patterns can be set to make the 3D structure more gorgeous, and the decorative layer is set in the middle position. The decorative layer is not in direct contact with the outside world, so that the decorative layer can remain discolored and faded for a long time, thereby extending the service life of the 3D structure.

[0052] S2. Providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and performing rolling or air pressure to form an integral film sheet, wherein the integral film sheet has an effective area and an ineffective area, and the ineffective area is located in the peripheral area of ​​the effective area;

[0053] In this step, first, a sheet of release material with high stretchability is prepared to obtain a release film; when the surface of the 3D structure has effect requirements, a material with a hazy, glossy or structurally characteristic texture can be selected according to the design requirements of the 3D structure, so that the release surface of the release film can be a hazy surface, a glossy surface or a textured surface with structural characteristics; when the release surface of the release film has good release force with the liquid coating, the next process can be carried out directly. When the release surface of the release film has poor release force with the liquid coating, an additional release coating treatment is required on the release surface of the release film. The release coating can be an anti-fingerprint coating on the release surface, or a layer of release UV (ultraviolet) glue is applied to the release surface.

[0054] Then, a layer of liquid coating is applied to any one or both surfaces of the base decorative film, and then the prepared sheet release material is covered on the liquid coating. Then, a rolling device is used to roll or press the sheet base material, which not only makes the liquid coating evenly distributed between the base material and the release material, but also can exhaust gas to avoid bubbles between the liquid coating, the base material and the release material after curing, resulting in uneven surface and affecting the appearance of the 3D structure. After rolling, the liquid coating bonds the base material and the release material together to form an integral film 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the rectangle with the center of the whole diaphragm 100 as the center is the effective area 101, or the circle with the center of the whole diaphragm as the center is the effective area 101, and the area located outside the rectangular effective area 101 is the invalid area 102, and the invalid area 102 is the four edges of the whole diaphragm 100.

[0055] There are two cases where a layer of liquid coating 106 is applied on any side of the base decorative film 105, such as Figure 3 One method shown is to apply a liquid coating 106 on the surface of the decorative layer 104 of the decorative film 105; Figure 4 Another method shown is to coat a liquid coating 106 on the surface of the substrate layer 103 of the substrate decoration film 105 .

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, a layer of liquid coating 106 is coated on both sides of the substrate decorative film 105. Specifically, a layer of liquid coating is coated on the surface of the decorative layer 104 of the substrate decorative film 105 and on the surface of the substrate layer 103 of the substrate decorative film 105 at the same time. At this time, two prepared sheet-like release materials need to be covered on the liquid coating 106 respectively.

[0057] S3, curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state;

[0058] In this step, the entire diaphragm is placed in a mold, and the effective area is shielded with a shielding material to prevent the liquid coating in the effective area from solidifying, so that the liquid coating can remain in a liquid state, which is beneficial for subsequent stretching and molding. After shielding the effective area, the invalid area is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation or heating and baking. After the liquid coating in the invalid area is solidified, on the one hand, the liquid coating in the effective area is blocked, which can prevent the liquid coating in the effective area from being lost during the processing and transportation process, heating and baking, and pressurizing and stretching, resulting in air in the middle of the diaphragm; on the other hand, because the liquid coating in the effective area is in a liquid state, when deformation occurs during pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that every corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the 3D structure.

[0059] S4, placing the solidified integral diaphragm in the ineffective area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing, and stretching the effective area, and taking out the formed integral diaphragm;

[0060] In this step, the first mold can be a molding device. The solidified integral diaphragm is placed in the molding device to heat and soften the effective area, and then the shape is pressed out through a concave and convex mold or the desired shape is squeezed out through high-pressure gas, liquid capsule, silicone head, etc., and the molded integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0061] S5, curing the formed integral film, and peeling off the release film after curing.

[0062] In this step, the formed integral film is placed in a mold for UV curing or baking curing. After curing, the release film is peeled off to obtain a 3D structure.

[0063] In this embodiment, a decorative layer is provided on one surface of the substrate layer to make the 3D structure more gorgeous, and then the liquid coating is evenly applied on the middle of the release surface of the release film and the surface of either side of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, or the liquid coating is evenly applied on the release surface of the release film and the middle of the surfaces on both sides of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, and the ineffective areas around the edges of the overall film are cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area in the middle of the overall film is kept in a liquid state. On the one hand, after the liquid coating on the edge of the overall film is cured, the liquid coating in the middle can be made During the processing and transportation process, as well as the heating, baking and pressurizing and stretching process, the liquid coating will not be lost, resulting in the problem of air appearing in the middle of the entire diaphragm; on the other hand, because the liquid coating in the middle is in liquid state, when deformation is generated by pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that every corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating. After the liquid coating is completely cured, a 3D structure with a surface evenly covered with liquid coating can be obtained, avoiding cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid or uneven film thickness of the functional layer.

[0064] See also Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also discloses a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a 3D structure. In the embodiment, step S1 includes:

[0065] S10, providing a decorative layer on the substrate layer by a silk screen printing process, a UV transfer optical texture process, an electroplating process, a color printing process, a four-color color printing process, a texture rubbing process, a pad printing process, a water transfer process, a laminating process, or a hot stamping process to form a substrate decorative film;

[0066] In this step, (1) a decorative layer is formed by a silk screen printing process, and the specific steps are as follows: using a flat screen printer to screen print ink on the substrate layer (the diluent ratio used here is 10-20%, and the curing agent ratio is 5-12%); each screen printing needs to be baked at a temperature of 60-80 degrees Celsius for 10-30 minutes to allow the silk screen ink to be completely cured by the high temperature, so that the adhesion between the ink and the substrate layer is guaranteed.

[0067] (2) The decorative layer is formed by UV transfer optical texture process. The specific steps are as follows: pour UV glue on the mold with texture, put the substrate layer on it, use a roller press to evenly apply a layer of UV glue on the entire surface of the UV texture, and then use an LED ultraviolet lamp with a main spectrum of 340m-400nm to adjust the energy range to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , expose, and after curing for 3 seconds, tear up the base material layer to transfer the UV glue texture to the base material layer, wherein the main component of UV glue is acrylate.

[0068] (3) Forming a decorative layer through an electroplating process. The specific steps are: using a coating device to deposit on the texture surface by evaporation or sputtering in a vacuum environment, thereby obtaining a coating layer that protects the texture effect and color brightness.

[0069] (4) The decorative layer is formed by a color printing process. The specific steps are as follows: a high-precision color printer is used to print the pre-designed pattern at an appropriate resolution on the substrate layer. After printing, the printed pattern is cured using a specific curing device to ensure the color fastness and durability of the pattern.

[0070] (5) The decorative layer is formed by a four-color printing process. The specific steps are as follows: Using a four-color printing press, the color inks are accurately printed on the substrate layer in sequence. Each color printing requires strict calibration and adjustment to ensure that the final color effect meets the design requirements. After printing is completed, a drying process is performed to fully dry and solidify the ink.

[0071] (6) The decorative layer is formed by a texture rubbing process. The specific steps are as follows: select a template with a unique texture and evenly apply rubbing glue to its surface. Then, the substrate layer is evenly covered on the template and appropriate pressure is applied to ensure that the glue fully contacts the substrate layer. After the glue dries, the substrate layer is carefully peeled off from the template. At this time, the texture on the template is rubbing onto the substrate layer.

[0072] (7) The decorative layer is formed by pad printing. The specific steps are as follows: first, the pattern is engraved on the pad printing steel plate, and then the pad printing rubber head is dipped in ink to transfer the pattern on the steel plate to the base material layer. During the pad printing process, the pressure and speed of the rubber head must be controlled to ensure the clarity and integrity of the pattern.

[0073] (8) The decorative layer is formed by a water transfer process. The specific steps are as follows: first, the water transfer film with the printed pattern is immersed in water to separate the pattern from the film. Then, the substrate layer is placed in water to adhere the pattern to the substrate layer. Finally, the pattern is firmly attached to the substrate layer by drying or other methods.

[0074] (9) The decorative layer is formed by a laminating process. The specific steps are as follows: prepare the decorative material and the laminating adhesive, align the decorative material coated with the laminating adhesive with the substrate layer, and use a laminating device to apply a certain pressure and temperature to make the decorative material and the substrate layer tightly bonded together.

[0075] (10) A decorative layer is formed by a hot stamping process. The specific steps are as follows: placing a hot stamping film on the substrate layer, using hot stamping equipment to heat and apply pressure to transfer the metal foil or pigment on the hot stamping film to the substrate layer, forming a shiny decorative effect.

[0076] The steps of S2 include:

[0077] S11: providing a release film;

[0078] In this step, a sheet of release material with high stretchability is prepared to obtain a release film. The material of the release film can be one of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PC (polycarbonate), or a thermoplastic material or thermosetting material composited from PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PC (polycarbonate); when the surface of the 3D structure has effect requirements, the material with atomization, gloss or texture can be selected according to the design requirements of the 3D structure, so that the release surface of the release film can be atomized surface, glossy surface or textured surface; when the release surface of the release film has good release force with the liquid coating, the next step can be carried out directly. In one process, when the release force between the release surface of the release film and the liquid coating is poor, an additional release coating treatment is required on the release surface of the release film. The release coating can be electroplated AF (the full name of AF in English is Anti-fingerprint, and in Chinese it is anti-fingerprint) on the release surface, or coated with a layer of release UV (ultraviolet) glue on the release surface; specifically, the specific operation of electroplating AF is to perform AF anti-fingerprint treatment on the release film, wherein the AF anti-fingerprint treatment is mainly based on vacuum coating machine coating, and a weak alkaline cleaning agent or solvent is used to remove oil, moisture and other stains on the surface of the release film, and the AF liquid is plated on the release film to form a release coating, so that the release coating and the liquid coating are easy to separate.

[0079] S12: applying a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film by screen printing, blade coating, flow coating, dip coating or roller coating.

[0080] In this step, the substrate layer provided with the decorative layer is placed on the work surface, and the liquid coating is silk-screened on the surface of one or both sides of the substrate decorative film by screen printing, or the liquid coating is applied to the surface of one or both sides of the substrate decorative film by scraping, showering, dipping or rolling.

[0081] Among them, the liquid coating is one or more of hardened wear-resistant coating, skin-feel coating, antibacterial coating, antistatic coating, waterproof and moisture-proof coating, heat-insulating coating, chemical corrosion-resistant coating, self-cleaning coating, fluorescent coating, electromagnetic shielding coating, protective coating, insulating coating, and decorative coating.

[0082] When the liquid coating is a hardened coating, the material of the hardened coating can be epoxy resin glue or UV glue, and the main component of the UV glue is acrylate, so that the 3D structure of the present application has high hardness and high wear resistance.

[0083] When the liquid coating is a skin-feel coating, the main components of the skin-feel coating material are prepolymer, active monomer, photoinitiator, leveling agent, defoaming agent, adhesion promoter and special additives. For example, the prepolymer can be a polyurethane acrylate prepolymer, which forms a macromolecular network during the curing process and provides the basic properties of the skin-feel coating, such as hardness, flexibility and adhesion; the active monomer can be a common acrylate monomer, such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), etc., which participate in the polymerization reaction and adjust the The viscosity and curing speed of the glue are reduced, and the performance after curing is affected; the photoinitiator can be 1173, 184, etc., which generates free radicals under ultraviolet light to initiate the polymerization reaction of the prepolymer and the monomer; the leveling agent is used to improve the leveling performance of the glue during the coating process and reduce surface defects; the defoaming agent is used to prevent the generation of bubbles during the stirring and coating process; the adhesion promoter enhances the bonding force between the glue and the substrate; the special additive can be nanoparticles or microspheres, which give the glue surface a delicate and soft touch, achieve a skin-feeling effect, and make the 3D three-dimensional structure of the present application have a skin-feeling effect.

[0084] When the liquid coating is an antibacterial coating, the antibacterial coating can be an antibacterial coating containing copper ions, nanosilver particles or antibacterial nanometal oxides; the antibacterial coating containing copper ions can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella ersini, Enterococcus and Listeria monocytogenes; illustratively, PET is hydroxylated and carboxylated, and the surface of the nanosilver is modified with mercaptoethylamine, and then the carboxyl group is activated using 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), and finally the modified nanosilver is added and magnetically stirred to allow the nanosilver to be chemically bonded to the PET surface to form a functional layer with antibacterial effect; the antibacterial nanometal oxide can be coated on the surface of the substrate by spraying, scraping, rotating or extruding, and after baking and curing, a nanocoating with antibacterial, mildew-proof and formaldehyde-decomposing functions is formed, so that the 3D structure of the present application has an antibacterial effect.

[0085] When the liquid coating is an antistatic coating, it forms a conductive layer on the plastic surface, allowing static electricity on the surface of the plastic product to be quickly transferred to the ground or other grounded objects, thereby preventing the accumulation and discharge of static electricity. This prevents static electricity from damaging internal electronic components, reduces dust absorption, and reduces the risk of static sparks causing fires or explosions.

[0086] When the liquid coating is a waterproof and moisture-proof coating, it is typically a hydrophobic material that forms a dense waterproof film on the plastic surface, preventing water penetration and absorption. This protects electronic components and mechanical parts within the 3D structure from moisture erosion, extending the product's lifespan and improving its reliability.

[0087] When the liquid coating is a thermal insulation coating, it contains a substance with low thermal conductivity, which can reduce heat transfer. This coating can effectively lower the surface temperature of the product, protecting users from burns. It can also reduce aging and deformation of internal components caused by high temperatures, thereby maintaining stable product performance.

[0088] When the liquid coating is a chemical corrosion-resistant coating, the coating is composed of materials that are resistant to acid, alkali, organic solvents and other chemical substances, and can form a protective film on the plastic surface to prevent the chemical substances from corroding and damaging the plastic.

[0089] When a liquid coating is self-cleaning, its surface possesses a unique microstructure and chemical composition, allowing water droplets or other liquids to form balls and roll off the coating easily, removing dust and stains from the surface. This enables self-cleaning, reducing the frequency and cost of manual cleaning while maintaining the cleanliness and aesthetics of the 3D structure.

[0090] When the liquid coating is fluorescent, it fluoresces when exposed to ultraviolet light or other specific wavelengths of light, producing a bright, luminous effect. This coating can be used for decoration, signage, and safety warnings, enhancing the visual appeal and functionality of 3D structures. For example, at night or in low-light environments, fluorescent coatings can make products more visible and improve safety.

[0091] When the liquid coating is an electromagnetic shielding coating, the coating contains conductive or magnetic materials that can absorb or reflect electromagnetic waves, thereby reducing the interference of electromagnetic radiation on electronic components inside the 3D structure, and preventing the electromagnetic radiation generated by the product itself from affecting the surrounding environment and other equipment.

[0092] When the liquid coating is a protective coating, it is typically composed of a wear-resistant, scratch-resistant, and impact-resistant material. It forms a solid protective layer on the surface of 3D structures, effectively resisting external physical damage. For example, in applications where impact and friction are likely, a protective coating can protect the integrity and appearance of the product, extending its service life.

[0093] When the liquid coating is an insulating coating, it is made of materials with excellent insulating properties, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and silicone rubber. It forms an insulating film on the surface of a 3D structure, preventing the conduction of current and minimizing the risk of electric shock. In applications involving electrical equipment or electronic components, insulating coatings can ensure safe operation of the product while also protecting the user.

[0094] When the liquid coating is a decorative coating, it can be a variety of colors, patterns, or textures. Its primary function is to give 3D structures an aesthetically pleasing appearance, meeting the personalized needs of different users. Decorative coatings can be applied to the substrate layer through spraying, printing, lamination, and other methods, adding an artistic and stylish touch to the product.

[0095] The functional layer of the present application is not limited to a hardened coating, a skin-feel coating, an antibacterial coating, an antistatic coating, a waterproof and moisture-proof coating, a heat-insulating coating, a chemical corrosion-resistant coating, a self-cleaning coating, a fluorescent coating, an electromagnetic shielding coating, a protective coating, an insulating coating or a decorative coating, and can also be a coating with other functions.

[0096] S13: Cover the release surface of the release film on the side of the liquid coating away from the substrate decorative film, roll it through a rolling device or put it into a vacuum container for air pressure, exhaust the air and make the liquid coating evenly distributed between the substrate decorative film and the release film to form the overall film.

[0097] In this step, the release surface of the release film is covered on the liquid coating, and the release film and the base decorative film are rolled together by rolling. The rolling pressure range is: 0.1mpa / cm 2 -0.6mpa / cm 2 The hardness range of the roller rod is: Shore 30-Shore 85, and the thickness range of the liquid coating is: 0.008mm-0.2mm). After rolling by the roller rod, an integral film with the liquid coating evenly coated between the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0098] Alternatively, the release surface of the release film is placed over the liquid coating, and the base decorative film is covered with the release film. The film is then placed in a vacuum container at a pressure range of 0.2-1 MPa, a temperature of 20-70 degrees Celsius, and a time of 5-90 minutes. After vacuuming, a single film is obtained, with the liquid coating evenly coated between the release film and the base layer.

[0099] The steps of S3 include:

[0100] S14: placing the integral diaphragm into a second mold;

[0101] S15: The effective area is shielded with a shielding object, and the ineffective area is cured by ultraviolet irradiation or baking, so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2, the irradiation time is 1-30 seconds, the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min.

[0102] In this step, the third mold can be a UV mercury lamp or an oven. When the third mold is a UV mercury lamp, the entire film is placed on the exposure platform, the effective area is shielded by a black shading paper from UV ultraviolet rays, and the remaining ineffective area is UV irradiated to solidify the liquid coating in the ineffective area into a solid state. The liquid coating in the unirradiated effective area remains liquid. The glue is cured using an LED ultraviolet curing device, and the energy range of the ultraviolet band of 340nm-400nm is adjusted to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 Irradiate for 1-30 seconds to obtain a whole membrane in which the liquid coating in the effective area of ​​the material is liquid and the liquid coating in the ineffective area is solid. Ensure that the liquid coating in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the whole membrane to avoid bubbles and glue shortage caused by glue leakage from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0103] Alternatively, when the third mold is an oven, the entire diaphragm is placed on the operating table, and an IR (infrared) heating device is used. The baking temperature range of the IR (infrared) heating device is adjusted to: 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min. The effective area is shielded with a fixture to prevent the liquid coating in the effective area from solidifying after being heated. The liquid coating in the invalid area is preliminarily solidified after high-temperature baking to obtain an overall diaphragm in which the liquid coating in the effective area of ​​the material is liquid and the liquid coating in the invalid area is solid. Ensure that the liquid coating in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the overall diaphragm to avoid bubbles and glue shortages caused by the liquid coating escaping from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0104] The steps of S4 include:

[0105] S16: placing the entire membrane after solidification of the ineffective area into a first mold, and heating and pressurizing the effective area to bake the entire membrane so that the membrane is softened and can be stretched and shaped;

[0106] In this step, the first mold can be a molding device, which is heated to 110°C-140°C, and then the solidified integral diaphragm is placed on the surface of the molding device. After the upper and lower molds are closed, the IR baking tray temperature is set to 320°C-420°C for baking, so that the integral diaphragm is softened to a state where it can be stretched and shaped. The baking time of the IR (infrared) heating device is set to 25S-50S.

[0107] S17: Pressing out the desired shape through a concave-convex mold or extruding the desired shape through high-pressure gas, a liquid capsule, a silicone head, etc. to obtain a formed integral diaphragm, and taking out the formed integral diaphragm.

[0108] In this step, the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, and then the concave and convex molds are closed and extruded through the membrane cavity parting surface. The pressure range is: 0.7 MPa-1.5 MPa, and the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S. Finally, the mold is opened and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0109] Optionally, after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, it is blown into the desired shape with high-pressure gas in the pressure range of 0.7 MPa-1.5 MPa and the holding time of 3S-10S. Finally, the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0110] Optionally, after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, the liquid capsule is injected with liquid, and the liquid is pushed into the desired shape by the liquid. The pressure range is: 0.7 MPa-1.5 MPa, and the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S. Finally, the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0111] Optionally, after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, it is extruded into the desired shape using a silicone head. The pressure range is: 0.7 MPa-1.5 MPa, and the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S. Finally, the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0112] The steps of S5 include:

[0113] S18: curing the formed integral film by ultraviolet irradiation or baking, wherein the ultraviolet wavelength is 340-400nm and the irradiation energy is 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min;

[0114] In this step, the formed integral film is placed in a third mold for UV curing or baking curing, wherein the third mold can be a UV mercury lamp or an oven. When the third mold is a UV mercury lamp, the formed integral film is placed on an exposure platform and irradiated with a UV mercury lamp, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm and the UV mercury lamp energy is set to 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2, so that the liquid coating between the release film and the substrate layer is completely cured. When the third mold is an oven, the formed whole film is placed in the oven for baking and curing. The oven temperature setting range is: 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min, so that the liquid coating between the release film and the substrate layer is completely cured.

[0115] S19: taking out the formed and cured integral film and peeling off the release film.

[0116] In this step, the formed and solidified integral film is taken out, and then the release film is peeled off from the integral film, so that the 3D structure of the present application has any one of the effects of high hardness, high wear resistance, antibacterial and skin feel.

[0117] After step S5, the following steps are also included:

[0118] S20: Cutting out the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing.

[0119] In this step, the excess parts of the 3D structure are cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing. This step can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be directly formed, there is no need to cut. If some structures are more complex and it is difficult to directly form the preset shape, the excess parts can be cut off later in this step.

[0120] S21: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0121] In this step, it is determined whether to place the cut 3D structure into the injection molding machine for IMD molding based on the actual situation. Figure 7 As shown, the 3D structure after injection molding comprises, from top to bottom, a liquid coating 106, a substrate layer 103, a decorative layer 104 (including a UV texture layer 107, a PVD electroplating layer 108 and a silk screen ink layer 109 in sequence) and an injection molding layer 200.

[0122] Specifically, the mold-closing injection process involves closing the front and back molds of the injection molding machine and injecting molten plastic into the mold cavity. Under the influence of pressure and temperature, the plastic combines with the decorative layer of the 3D structure to form an injection layer, making the 3D structure and the plastic form a whole. The pressure-holding cooling process is to maintain a certain pressure after injection to ensure that the plastic fully fills the mold cavity, while cooling it to solidify the plastic. Cooling methods can be water cooling, air cooling, etc. Among them, the injection molding plastic can be general plastics (polyethylene (PE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), general-grade polystyrene (GPPS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)), engineering plastics (polyamide (PA, commonly known as nylon), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene ether (PPO)), thermoplastic elastomers (thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV)) or special plastics (polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, commonly known as Teflon)).

[0123] In IMD molding, the 3D structure plays the following important roles:

[0124] 1. The main structure that forms the 3D structure

[0125] During the IMD process, plastic is heated, melted, and injected into the mold cavity. It rapidly fills the mold and solidifies while cooling, forming the main structural component of the 3D structure. This core provides the necessary strength, rigidity, and stability, ensuring it can withstand the forces and pressures of various operating conditions and meet the functional requirements of the product in real-world applications.

[0126] 2. Injection molding firmly combines with 3D structure

[0127] When the plastic rice is injected into the mold cavity, it comes into close contact with the 3D structure pre-placed inside. Under the influence of high temperature and pressure, the plastic rice fuses with the decorative layer of the 3D structure, creating a secure bond between the two. This bond ensures that the patterns, colors, and decorative effects on the 3D structure adhere firmly to the surface, resisting peeling or wear, and imparting an aesthetically pleasing appearance and unique decorative effects to the product.

[0128] 3. Giving 3D structures specific properties

[0129] Different types of injection-molded plastics have varying physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. By selecting the right injection-molded plastic, you can impart specific properties to your product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity. For example, for products designed for high-temperature environments, you might choose an injection-molded plastic with excellent heat resistance; for products designed to prevent static electricity buildup, you might choose an injection-molded plastic with electrical conductivity.

[0130] Alternatively, after curing the formed integral membrane in step S5, the method further includes:

[0131] 1) Cutting out the ineffective area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing;

[0132] 2) placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0133] In this step, excess parts of the 3D structure can be removed using a CNC machine, punching, or laser cutting process based on the pre-set drawing. Cutting can be performed or omitted based on actual needs. For example, if the pre-set shape can be formed directly, cutting is not necessary. If the structure is complex and difficult to form directly, the excess parts can be cut off in this step, and then the release film can be removed. The decision to proceed with the injection molding process can also be made based on the actual situation. If injection molding is performed, cutting is performed sequentially and the release film is removed after injection molding.

[0134] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD (In-Mold Molding). This injection molding process provides the main structure for the 3D structure, further improving its strength, rigidity, and stability, ensuring it can withstand external forces and pressures under various operating conditions and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications. Furthermore, it securely bonds the injection molding material to the 3D structure, ensuring that the patterns, colors, and decorative effects on the 3D structure adhere firmly to the product surface, preventing them from falling off or wearing out, and giving the 3D structure an aesthetically pleasing appearance and unique decorative effects. Furthermore, it imparts specific properties to the 3D structure, as different types of injection molding materials have different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding material, specific properties can be imparted to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity.

[0135] In this embodiment, a decorative layer is provided on one surface of the substrate layer to make the 3D structure more gorgeous, and then the liquid coating is evenly applied on the middle of the release surface of the release film and the surface of either side of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, or the liquid coating is evenly applied on the release surface of the release film and the middle of the surfaces on both sides of the substrate decorative film to form an overall film, and the ineffective areas around the edges of the overall film are cured, and the liquid coating in the effective area in the middle of the overall film is kept in a liquid state. On the one hand, after the liquid coating on the edge of the overall film is cured, the liquid coating in the middle can be made During the processing and transportation process, as well as the heating, baking and pressurizing and stretching process, the liquid coating will not be lost, resulting in the problem of air appearing in the middle of the entire diaphragm; on the other hand, because the liquid coating in the middle is in liquid state, when deformation is generated by pressurizing and stretching, the liquid coating can flow arbitrarily with the shape of the mold, ensuring that every corner of the surface of the 3D structure can be evenly covered with a layer of liquid coating. After the liquid coating is completely cured, a 3D structure with a surface evenly covered with liquid coating can be obtained, avoiding cracking of the functional layer, accumulation of liquid or uneven film thickness of the functional layer.

[0136] For a better understanding, the following are four implementation methods of the processing technology corresponding to the specific materials of the substrate layer, the specific materials of the liquid coating layer, and the release film:

[0137] See also Figure 8 As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composed of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is UV glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and the release surface is a smooth surface, it is a third embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0138] S30: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0139] In this step, a sheet-like substrate layer material with stretchable shape is prepared, wherein the substrate layer is formed by pressing a polycarbonate (PC) board and a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) board. PMMA has a certain hardness, and PC has good tensile ductility. When they are compounded together, the substrate layer has both a certain hardness for easy support and a stretchable shapeable ductility for easy molding.

[0140] S31: Transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0141] In this step, pour UV glue on the mold with texture, put the base material layer on it, and use a roller to evenly apply a layer of UV glue on the entire surface of the UV texture. Use the LED UV lamp with a main spectrum of 340nm-400m to adjust the energy range to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 , and then expose it. After curing for 3 seconds, the substrate layer is torn off to transfer the UV glue texture to the substrate layer. Among them, the main component of UV glue is acrylate.

[0142] S32: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0143] In this step, a coating device is used to deposit on the texture surface by evaporation or sputtering in a vacuum environment, thereby obtaining a coating layer that protects the texture effect and color brightness.

[0144] S33: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0145] In this step, a flatbed screen printer is used to screen print ink on the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer (the diluent ratio used here is 10-20%, and the curing agent ratio is 5-12%); each screen printing needs to be baked at a temperature of 60-80 degrees Celsius for 10-30 minutes to allow the screen-printed ink to be completely cured at high temperature, so that the adhesion between the ink and the coating layer is guaranteed, while protecting the coating layer from oxidation and damage.

[0146] S34: Preparing a release film with a smooth surface and stretchability, wherein the release film is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0147] In this step, polyvinyl chloride has good tensile ductility and a low softening temperature, and is suitable for low-temperature softening deformation.

[0148] Optionally, when the release film has good release force with UV glue, the next process can be carried out directly. When the release film has poor release force with UV glue, an additional release coating treatment is required on one side of the release film. This coating can be electroplating AF on the release material or coating a layer of release UV glue on the release material.

[0149] S35: UV glue is applied to the PMMA surface of the substrate layer having the color protection layer, and the smooth surface of the release film is covered on the UV glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film sheet;

[0150] In this step, the substrate layer with the color protective layer is placed on the work surface, and the liquid coating is covered on the PMMA surface of the substrate layer with the color protective layer by screen printing or dispensing. Then, the release surface of the release film is covered on the UV ultraviolet glue, and the substrate layer and the release film are rolled together by rolling. The UV ultraviolet glue is a liquid coating, and the main component of the UV ultraviolet glue is acrylic ester. The rolling pressure range is: 0.1mpa / cm 2 -0.6mpa / cm 2 The hardness range of the roller rod is: Shore 30-Shore 85, and the thickness range of the UV ultraviolet glue is: 0.008mm-0.2mm. After rolling by the roller rod, an integral film with UV ultraviolet glue evenly coated on the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0151] Alternatively, the release surface of the release film is placed over the UV glue, and the substrate layer is covered with the release film. The film is then placed in a vacuum container at a pressure range of 0.2-1 MPa, a temperature of 20-70 degrees Celsius, and a time of 5-90 minutes. After vacuuming, a single film is obtained with the UV glue evenly coated between the release film and the substrate layer.

[0152] S36: curing the UV glue in the ineffective area of ​​the entire diaphragm by UV irradiation;

[0153] In this step, the entire film is placed on the exposure platform, and a black shading paper is used to block UV rays in the effective area. The remaining ineffective area is UV irradiated to solidify the UV glue in the ineffective area. The UV glue in the unirradiated effective area remains liquid. The glue is cured using an LED UV curing device, and the energy range of the UV band of 340nm-400nm is adjusted to: 200mj / cm 2 -20000mj / cm 2 Irradiate for 1-30 seconds to obtain a whole film in which the UV glue in the effective area of ​​the material is liquid and the UV glue in the ineffective area is solid. Ensure that the UV glue in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the whole film to avoid bubbles and glue shortage caused by the loss of UV glue from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0154] S37: placing the solidified integral diaphragm into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a formed integral diaphragm;

[0155] In this step, the molding equipment is heated to 110℃-140℃, and then the solidified integral diaphragm is placed on the surface of the molding equipment. After the upper and lower molds are closed, the IR baking tray temperature is set to 320℃-420℃ for baking, so that the integral diaphragm is softened to a stretchable and shapeable state, and the baking time of the IR (infrared) heating equipment is set to 25S-50S; after the solidified integral diaphragm is baked and softened, the interior of the mold cavity is vacuum treated with a vacuum degree of -0.5Mpa to -1Mpa, and then the desired shape is blown out with high-pressure gas or pressed out with a combination of a concave mold and a convex mold. The pressure range is: 0.7Mpa-1.5Mpa, and the pressure holding time is: 3S-10S. Finally, the pressure inside the mold cavity is released, the mold is opened, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

[0156] S38: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0157] In this step, the formed whole film is placed on the exposure platform and irradiated with a UV mercury lamp, wherein the UV mercury lamp energy is set to 800mj / cm 2 -2000mj / cm 2 , so that the UV glue between the release film and the substrate layer is completely cured, the surface hardness of the 3D structure is improved, and the surface of the 3D structure is made more wear-resistant, and then the release film is peeled off to obtain the 3D structure.

[0158] S39: Cutting out the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing.

[0159] In this step, the excess parts of the 3D structure are cut off by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing. This step can be performed or not according to actual needs. For example, when the preset shape can be directly formed, there is no need to cut. If some structures are more complex and it is difficult to directly form the preset shape, the excess parts can be cut off later in this step.

[0160] S391: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0161] In this step, the decision is made whether to place the cut 3D structure into the injection molding machine for IMD (In-Mold Molding) molding. Specifically, during the mold-closing process, the front and back molds of the injection molding machine are closed, and the molten plastic is injected into the mold cavity. Under the influence of pressure and temperature, the plastic combines with the decorative layer of the 3D structure, forming a single unit. After the injection molding process is completed, a certain pressure is maintained to ensure that the plastic fully fills the mold cavity, while cooling is performed simultaneously to solidify the plastic. Cooling methods can be water or air cooling. Among them, the injection molding plastic can be general plastics (polyethylene (PE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), general-grade polystyrene (GPPS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)), engineering plastics (polyamide (PA, commonly known as nylon), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene ether (PPO)), thermoplastic elastomers (thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV)) or special plastics (polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, commonly known as Teflon)).

[0162] In IMD molding, the 3D structure plays the following important roles:

[0163] 1. The main structure that forms the 3D structure

[0164] During the IMD process, plastic is heated, melted, and injected into the mold cavity. It rapidly fills the mold and solidifies while cooling, forming the main structural component of the 3D structure. This core provides the necessary strength, rigidity, and stability, ensuring it can withstand the forces and pressures of various operating conditions and meet the functional requirements of the product in real-world applications.

[0165] 2. Injection molding firmly combines with 3D structure

[0166] When the plastic rice is injected into the mold cavity, it comes into close contact with the 3D structure pre-placed inside. Under the influence of high temperature and pressure, the plastic rice fuses with the decorative layer of the 3D structure, creating a secure bond between the two. This bond ensures that the patterns, colors, and decorative effects on the 3D structure adhere firmly to the surface, resisting peeling or wear, and imparting an aesthetically pleasing appearance and unique decorative effects to the product.

[0167] 3. Giving 3D structures specific properties

[0168] Different types of injection-molded plastics have varying physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. By selecting the right injection-molded plastic, you can impart specific properties to your product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity. For example, for products designed for high-temperature environments, you might choose an injection-molded plastic with excellent heat resistance; for products designed to prevent static electricity buildup, you might choose an injection-molded plastic with electrical conductivity.

[0169] Alternatively, after placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV curing in step S38, the method further includes:

[0170] 1) Cutting out the ineffective area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing;

[0171] 2) placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0172] In this step, excess parts of the 3D structure can be removed using a CNC machine, punching, or laser cutting process based on the pre-set drawing. Cutting can be performed or omitted based on actual needs. For example, if the pre-set shape can be formed directly, cutting is not necessary. If the structure is complex and difficult to form directly, the excess parts can be cut off in this step, and then the release film can be removed. The decision to proceed with the injection molding process can also be made based on the actual situation. If injection molding is performed, cutting is performed sequentially and the release film is removed after injection molding.

[0173] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD (In-Mold Molding). This injection molding process provides the main structure for the 3D structure, further improving its strength, rigidity, and stability, ensuring it can withstand external forces and pressures under various operating conditions and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications. Furthermore, it securely bonds the injection molding material to the 3D structure, ensuring that the patterns, colors, and decorative effects on the 3D structure adhere firmly to the product surface, preventing them from falling off or wearing out, and giving the 3D structure an aesthetically pleasing appearance and unique decorative effects. Furthermore, it imparts specific properties to the 3D structure, as different types of injection molding materials have different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding material, specific properties can be imparted to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity.

[0174] See also Figure 9As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composed of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is epoxy resin glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and the release surface is smooth, it is a fourth embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0175] S40: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0176] In this step, the description of the above step S40 refers to S30 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0177] S41: Transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0178] In this step, the description of the above step S41 refers to S31 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0179] S42: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0180] In this step, the description of the above step S42 refers to S32 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0181] S43: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0182] In this step, the description of the above step S43 refers to S33 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0183] S44: Preparing a release film with a smooth surface and stretchability, wherein the release film is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0184] In this step, the description of the above step S44 refers to S34 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0185] S45: coating the PMMA surface of the substrate layer having the color protective layer with epoxy resin glue, and then covering the smooth surface of the release film on the epoxy resin glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film;

[0186] In this step, the base layer with the color protective layer is placed on the work surface, and the liquid coating is covered on the PMMA surface of the base layer with the color protective layer by screen printing or dispensing. Then, the release surface of the release film is covered on the epoxy resin glue, and the base layer and the release film are rolled together by rolling. The epoxy resin glue is a liquid coating, and the rolling pressure range is: 0.1mpa / cm 2 -0.6mpa / cm 2 The hardness range of the roller rod is: Shore 30-Shore 85, and the thickness range of the epoxy resin glue is: 0.008mm-0.2mm. After rolling with the roller rod, an integral film with epoxy resin glue evenly coated between the release film and the substrate layer is obtained.

[0187] Alternatively, the release surface of the release film is placed over the epoxy resin adhesive. After the substrate layer is covered with the release film, the film is placed in a vacuum container at a pressure range of 0.2-1 MPa and a temperature of 20-70 degrees Celsius for 5-90 minutes. After vacuuming, a single film is obtained, with the epoxy resin adhesive evenly coated between the release film and the substrate layer.

[0188] S46: baking and curing the epoxy resin glue in the ineffective area of ​​the entire diaphragm;

[0189] In this step, the entire diaphragm is placed on the operating table, and an IR infrared heating device is used. The baking temperature range of the IR (infrared) heating device is adjusted to: 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min. The effective area is shielded with a fixture to prevent the epoxy resin glue in the effective area from being cured after being heated. The epoxy resin glue in the invalid area is initially cured after high-temperature baking to obtain an overall diaphragm in which the epoxy resin glue in the effective area is liquid and the epoxy resin glue in the invalid area is solid. Ensure that the epoxy resin glue in the effective area that needs to be stretched is completely enclosed in the middle of the overall diaphragm to avoid bubbles and glue shortages caused by the loss of epoxy resin glue from the edge during heating and stretching.

[0190] S47: placing the solidified integral diaphragm into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a formed integral diaphragm;

[0191] In this step, the description of the above step S47 refers to S37 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0192] S48: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for baking and curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0193] In this step, the formed integral film is placed in an oven for baking and curing. The oven temperature setting range is: 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-120min, so that the epoxy resin glue located between the release film and the substrate layer is completely cured, thereby improving the surface hardness of the 3D structure and making the surface of the 3D structure more wear-resistant.

[0194] S49: Cutting out the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing.

[0195] In this step, the description of the above step S49 refers to S39 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0196] S491: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0197] In this step, the description of the above step S491 refers to S391 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be repeated.

[0198] After placing the formed integral film on the exposure platform for baking and curing in step S48, the method further includes:

[0199] 1) Cutting out the ineffective area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing;

[0200] 2) placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0201] In this step, excess parts of the 3D structure can be removed using a CNC machine, punching, or laser cutting process based on the pre-set drawing. Cutting can be performed or omitted based on actual needs. For example, if the pre-set shape can be formed directly, cutting is not necessary. If the structure is complex and difficult to form directly, the excess parts can be cut off in this step, and then the release film can be removed. The decision to proceed with the injection molding process can also be made based on the actual situation. If injection molding is performed, cutting is performed sequentially and the release film is removed after injection molding.

[0202] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD (In-Mold Molding). This injection molding process provides the main structure for the 3D structure, further improving its strength, rigidity, and stability, ensuring it can withstand external forces and pressures under various operating conditions and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications. Furthermore, it securely bonds the injection molding material to the 3D structure, ensuring that the patterns, colors, and decorative effects on the 3D structure adhere firmly to the product surface, preventing them from falling off or wearing out, and giving the 3D structure an aesthetically pleasing appearance and unique decorative effects. Furthermore, it imparts specific properties to the 3D structure, as different types of injection molding materials have different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding material, specific properties can be imparted to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity.

[0203] See also Figure 10 As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composed of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is UV glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and the release surface is a smooth surface, and a release coating is additionally added on the smooth surface, it is a fifth embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0204] S50: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0205] In this step, the description of the above step S50 refers to S30 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0206] S51: Transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0207] In this step, the description of the above step S51 refers to S31 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0208] S52: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0209] In this step, the description of the above step S52 refers to S32 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0210] S53: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0211] In this step, the description of the above step S53 refers to S33 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0212] S54: preparing a release film having a smooth and stretchable surface, and providing a release coating layer on the smooth surface, wherein the release film is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0213] In this step, the release film is subjected to AF anti-fingerprint treatment, wherein the AF anti-fingerprint treatment is mainly performed by vacuum coating machine coating, and a weak alkaline cleaning agent or solvent is used to remove oil, moisture and other stains on the surface of the release film, and the AF solution is plated on the release film to form a release coating, so that the release coating and UV ultraviolet glue can be easily separated.

[0214] S55: UV glue is applied to the PMMA surface of the substrate layer having the color protection layer, and the smooth surface of the release film is covered on the UV glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film sheet;

[0215] In this step, the description of the above step S55 refers to S35 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0216] S56: curing the UV glue in the ineffective area of ​​the entire diaphragm by UV irradiation;

[0217] In this step, the description of the above step S56 refers to S36 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0218] S57: placing the solidified integral diaphragm into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a formed integral diaphragm;

[0219] In this step, the description of the above step S57 refers to S37 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0220] S58: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for irradiation curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0221] In this step, the description of the above step S58 refers to S38 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0222] S59: Cutting out the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing.

[0223] In this step, the description of the above step S59 refers to S39 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0224] S591: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0225] In this step, the description of the above step S591 refers to S391 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be repeated.

[0226] After placing the formed integral film on the exposure platform for baking and curing in step S58, the method further includes:

[0227] 1) Cutting out the ineffective area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing;

[0228] 2) placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0229] In this step, excess parts of the 3D structure can be removed using a CNC machine, punching, or laser cutting process based on the pre-set drawing. Cutting can be performed or omitted based on actual needs. For example, if the pre-set shape can be formed directly, cutting is not necessary. If the structure is complex and difficult to form directly, the excess parts can be cut off in this step, and then the release film can be removed. The decision to proceed with the injection molding process can also be made based on the actual situation. If injection molding is performed, cutting is performed sequentially and the release film is removed after injection molding.

[0230] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD (In-Mold Molding). This injection molding process provides the main structure for the 3D structure, further improving its strength, rigidity, and stability, ensuring it can withstand external forces and pressures under various operating conditions and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications. Furthermore, it securely bonds the injection molding material to the 3D structure, ensuring that the patterns, colors, and decorative effects on the 3D structure adhere firmly to the product surface, preventing them from falling off or wearing out, and giving the 3D structure an aesthetically pleasing appearance and unique decorative effects. Furthermore, it imparts specific properties to the 3D structure, as different types of injection molding materials have different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding material, specific properties can be imparted to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity.

[0231] See also Figure 11 As shown, when the material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material composed of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate, the material of the liquid coating is UV glue, the material of the release film is polyvinyl chloride, and the release surface is matte, it is a sixth embodiment, which includes the following steps:

[0232] S60: providing a substrate layer formed by compounding polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0233] In this step, the description of the above step S60 refers to S30 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0234] S61: Transferring the texture to the PC surface of the substrate layer through a UV texture mold to obtain a substrate layer with a texture;

[0235] In this step, the description of the above step S61 refers to S31 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0236] S62: using a vacuum coating device to perform coating on the textured surface of the textured substrate layer to obtain a substrate layer having a coating layer;

[0237] In this step, the description of the above step S62 refers to S32 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0238] S63: Coloring the coating layer of the substrate layer having the coating layer with printing ink by screen printing to obtain a color protection layer.

[0239] In this step, the description of the above step S63 refers to S33 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0240] S64: Preparing a release film with a matte surface and stretchability, wherein the release film is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC);

[0241] In this step, because the release surface of the release material has a matte texture, after completing all the processes and tearing off the release film, the surface of the cured UV glue will replicate the same matte effect based on the matte texture of the release film.

[0242] S65: UV glue is applied to the PMMA surface of the substrate layer having the color protection layer, and the smooth surface of the release film is covered on the UV glue, followed by rolling or air pressure lamination to obtain an integral film sheet;

[0243] In this step, the description of the above step S65 refers to S35 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0244] S66: curing the UV glue in the ineffective area of ​​the entire diaphragm by UV irradiation;

[0245] In this step, the description of the above step S66 refers to S36 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0246] S67: placing the solidified integral diaphragm into a molding device for heating and pressurizing to obtain a formed integral diaphragm;

[0247] In this step, the description of the above step S67 refers to S37 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0248] S68: placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV curing, and peeling off the release film;

[0249] In this step, the description of the above step S68 refers to S38 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be described in detail.

[0250] S69: Cutting out the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing.

[0251] In this step, the description of the above step S69 refers to S39 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be further described.

[0252] S691: placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0253] In this step, the description of the above step S691 refers to S391 of the third embodiment, and this step will not be repeated.

[0254] After placing the formed integral film on an exposure platform for UV curing in step S68, the method further includes:

[0255] 1) Cutting out the ineffective area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to the preset drawing;

[0256] 2) placing the cut 3D structure into an injection molding machine for IMD molding.

[0257] In this step, excess parts of the 3D structure can be removed using a CNC machine, punching, or laser cutting process based on the pre-set drawing. Cutting can be performed or omitted based on actual needs. For example, if the pre-set shape can be formed directly, cutting is not necessary. If the structure is complex and difficult to form directly, the excess parts can be cut off in this step, and then the release film can be removed. The decision to proceed with the injection molding process can also be made based on the actual situation. If injection molding is performed, cutting is performed sequentially and the release film is removed after injection molding.

[0258] In this embodiment, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD (In-Mold Molding). This injection molding process provides the main structure for the 3D structure, further improving its strength, rigidity, and stability, ensuring it can withstand external forces and pressures under various operating conditions and meeting the functional requirements of the 3D structure in practical applications. Furthermore, it securely bonds the injection molding material to the 3D structure, ensuring that the patterns, colors, and decorative effects on the 3D structure adhere firmly to the product surface, preventing them from falling off or wearing out, and giving the 3D structure an aesthetically pleasing appearance and unique decorative effects. Furthermore, it imparts specific properties to the 3D structure, as different types of injection molding materials have different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. By selecting the appropriate injection molding material, specific properties can be imparted to the product, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity.

[0259] A 3D stereoscopic structure is also disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. The 3D stereoscopic structure is made by the manufacturing method of any of the above embodiments. The 3D stereoscopic structure has any one of the effects of high hardness, high wear resistance, antibacterial and skin feel, and the film thickness of the functional layer is uniform.

[0260] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of simplicity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a 3D structure, characterized in that: The manufacturing method comprises: Providing a substrate layer, and disposing a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film; Providing a release film, coating a liquid coating on one or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film sheet, wherein the integral film sheet has an effective area and an ineffective area, and the ineffective area is located in the peripheral area of ​​the effective area; curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state; placing the solidified integral diaphragm in the ineffective area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing, and stretching the effective area, and taking out the formed integral diaphragm; The formed integral film is cured, and the release film is peeled off after curing.

2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of providing a release film, coating a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the base decorative film, covering the release surface of the release film on the liquid coating, and rolling or air pressing to form an integral film are formed in three steps, including: Provide release film; Applying a layer of liquid coating on one side or both sides of the substrate decorative film by screen printing, knife coating, flow coating, dip coating or roller coating; The release surface of the release film is covered on the side of the liquid coating away from the substrate decorative film, and the film is rolled by a rolling device or placed in a vacuum container for air pressure to exhaust the air and make the liquid coating evenly distributed between the substrate decorative film and the release film to form the integral film.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of curing the ineffective area so that the liquid coating in the ineffective area is cured and the liquid coating in the effective area remains in liquid state is formed in two steps, including: placing the integral diaphragm into a second mold; The effective area is shielded by a shielding object, and the ineffective area is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation or baking, so that the liquid coating located in the ineffective area is cured, and the liquid coating located in the effective area remains liquid, wherein the ultraviolet light wavelength is 340-400nm, the irradiation energy is 200mJ / cm²-20000mJ / cm², the irradiation time is 1-30 seconds, the baking temperature is 50℃-120℃, and the baking time is 3min-90min.

4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of placing the solidified integral diaphragm in the ineffective area into a first mold, heating, pressurizing and stretching the effective area, and removing the formed integral diaphragm are formed in two steps, including: The whole diaphragm after solidification of the ineffective area is placed in a first mold, and the effective area is heated and baked to soften the whole diaphragm to a state where it can be stretched and shaped; The desired shape is pressed out through a concave-convex mold or extruded through high-pressure gas, a liquid capsule, or a silicone head to obtain a formed integral diaphragm, and the formed integral diaphragm is taken out.

5. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing is formed in two steps, and further includes: The formed integral film is subjected to UV curing or baking curing, wherein the UV wavelength is 340-400 nm, the irradiation energy is 200 mJ / cm²-20000 mJ / cm², the baking temperature is 50°C-120°C, and the baking time is 3 min-120 min; The formed and cured integral film is taken out, and the release film is peeled off.

6. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer to form a substrate decorative film includes: arranging a decorative layer on the substrate layer through a silk screen printing process, a UV transfer optical texture process, an electroplating process, a color printing process, a four-color color printing process, a texture rubbing process, a pad printing process, a water transfer process, a laminating process, and a hot stamping process to form a substrate decorative film.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the substrate layer is a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that After curing the formed integral film and peeling off the release film after curing, the method further includes cutting out the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure by CNC lathe, punching or laser cutting according to a preset drawing.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that After the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by a CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that After the formed integral diaphragm is solidified, the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by a numerically controlled lathe (CNC), punching or laser cutting according to a preset drawing.

11. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that: After the position of the invalid area of ​​the 3D structure is cut off by a CNC lathe, punching or laser according to the preset drawing, the cut 3D structure is placed in an injection molding machine for IMD injection molding.

12. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The release surface of the release film may be a glossy surface, a matte surface, or a textured surface with structural features.

13. A 3D structure, characterized in that: The 3D structure is manufactured using the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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