An operation method for improving the operation efficiency of a bridge-type grab ship unloader

Abstract

The present invention relates to an operation method for improving the operation efficiency of a bridge-type grab ship unloader, which comprises the following specific steps: S1: performing a grabbing operation on the goods at the rear bulkhead in the cabin; S2: performing a grabbing operation on the goods at the front bulkhead in the cabin; S3: performing a grabbing operation on the goods at the middle part in the cabin; S4: performing a grabbing operation on the goods at the ridge formed in the cabin. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method is simple. By adopting this method, the full-load rate of the grab can be significantly improved, the amount of hold cleaning can be reduced, and the time for hold cleaning can be shortened, thereby improving the overall operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of port operations, and particularly relates to an operation method for improving the operation efficiency of a bridge-type grab ship unloader. Background Art

[0002] The operation efficiency of a 2500t / s bridge-type ship unloader directly affects the economic benefits of port enterprises. Improving the ship unloading efficiency and shortening the stay time in port are the core issues that need to be concerned in ship unloading operations.

[0003] Existing bridge-type ship unloaders have problems such as low efficiency, large hold cleaning volume, and long hold cleaning time during operation, which directly affect the economic benefits of port enterprises. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new operation method that can improve operation efficiency and reduce operation costs.

[0004] To improve the operation efficiency of large port ship unloading machinery, effectively compress operation time and economic costs, combined with the characteristics of ship unloading operations in port enterprises, based on the technical features of the "traditional operation method", the operation process and technical key points of the "high-efficiency groove-ridge operation method" for ship unloaders are innovatively proposed. Through the comparative analysis of the operation efficiency of the "high-efficiency groove-ridge operation method" and the "traditional operation method" of ship unloaders under similar working conditions, the data analysis results show that the "high-efficiency groove-ridge operation method" of ship unloaders has great advantages in terms of grab full-load rate, hold cleaning volume, hold cleaning time, etc., can effectively compress the ship operation time, and significantly improve the overall ship operation rate.

[0005] The "high-efficiency groove-ridge operation method" of ship unloaders is an optimization and upgrade of the traditional operation method of ship unloaders, which more safely and reasonably applies the ship unloader operation technology and makes new breakthroughs in operation technology innovation. The "high-efficiency groove-ridge operation method" of ship unloaders has the technical characteristics of two shorts and two highs, namely: shorter single-bucket cycle time, shorter equipment hold cleaning time, higher grab full-load rate, and higher operation safety. Promoting and applying the "high-efficiency groove-ridge operation method" of ship unloaders has a significant effect on improving the overall ship operation efficiency of the port and shortening the stay time of ships in port, providing strong support for improving port production efficiency and economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides an operation method for improving the operation efficiency of a bridge-type grab ship unloader, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0008] An operation method for improving the operation efficiency of a bridge-type grab ship unloader includes the following specific steps:

[0009] S1: Perform a grabbing operation on the goods at the rear olive in the cabin;

[0010] S2: Perform a grabbing operation on the goods at the front olive in the cabin;

[0011] S3: Perform the grasping operation on the goods in the middle part of the cabin.

[0012] S4: Perform the grasping operation on the goods at the ridge formed in the cabin.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: During the grasping process, S1: Perform the grasping operation on the goods at the rear olive in the cabin; S2: Perform the grasping operation on the goods at the front olive in the cabin; S3: Perform the grasping operation on the goods in the middle part of the cabin; S4: Perform the grasping operation on the goods at the ridge formed in the cabin.

[0014] The method of the present invention is simple. By using this method, the full-load rate of the grab bucket can be significantly improved, the amount of hold cleaning can be reduced, and the time for hold cleaning can be shortened, thereby improving the overall operation efficiency.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0016] Further, S1 includes the following specific steps:

[0017] S11: First, perform the grasping operation on the goods at the center of the rear olive in the cabin;

[0018] S12: Perform the grasping operation on the goods at the two corners on the sea-land side in the cabin.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are that the method is simple and reasonably designed, and can efficiently grasp the goods at various parts in the cabin, improving the full-load rate of the grab bucket during the operation.

[0020] Further, S11 specifically includes:

[0021] The first bucket uses the principle of a semi-automatic traveling gantry to grasp one bucket at the very center of the rear olive, and then successively presses half a bucket to grab towards the left and right sides.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are that the method is simple and reasonably designed, and can effectively grasp the goods at the center of the rear olive in the cabin, with high efficiency.

[0023] Further, in S11:

[0024] During the grasping process, it is necessary to press and grab half a bucket, that is, the grasping sequence is arranged successively towards both sides, and the position of half a bucket is moved each time.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are that the method is simple and reasonably designed, and can effectively grasp the goods at the center of the rear olive in the cabin, with high efficiency.

[0026] Further, S12 specifically includes:

[0027] During the semi-automatic process, first move the gantry crane backward and forward, then move the trolley towards the sea side, and then quickly move the gantry crane backward and forward again.

[0028] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the method is simple and reasonably designed, which can effectively grasp the goods at the two corners on the sea and land sides in the cabin, with high efficiency.

[0029] Further, in S12: The grab will form a swaying angle of 45° backward towards the sea side.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that by using such an operation method, the grab will form a swaying angle of 45° backward towards the sea side, which can make the grab naturally sway along with this angle and enter the expected grabbing point.

[0031] Further, in S12: Make the position of the trolley form a perpendicular angle with the actual position of the grab.

[0032] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that during the closing process of the grab, try to make the position of the trolley form a perpendicular angle with the actual position of the grab to reduce the sway of the grab.

[0033] Further, in S12: Move the gantry crane forward a certain distance so that the grab can safely leave the cabin during the forward swaying process. The steps for leaving the cabin are: lift the grab → quickly stabilize the grab → step on semi-automatic → stabilize the grab with the gantry crane.

[0034] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the method is simple and reasonably designed, ensuring that the grab quickly leaves the cabin.

[0035] Further, before S1, there is also S0:

[0036] The operators perform operations on the sea and land sides in turn. After leveling the grabs on the sea and land sides, move the gantry crane, move the position of the ship unloader to the front and back positions, and use the same method to grab, so as to make the materials in the cabin in a flat state.

[0037] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the method is simple, using traditional methods for grabbing operations to prepare for subsequent grabbing operations.

[0038] Further, before S0, there is also:

[0039] The operators need to first set the semi-automatic operation mode, select the appropriate grabbing amount according to the density of the goods, and select the highest point of the materials for grabbing operations.

[0040] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the method is simple, using traditional methods for grabbing operations to prepare for subsequent grabbing operations. Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 This is the operation method step diagram of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0042] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0045] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides an operation method for improving the operation efficiency of a bridge-type grab ship unloader, including the following specific steps:

[0048] S1: Perform a grabbing operation on the goods at the rear olive in the cabin;

[0049] S2: Perform a grabbing operation on the goods at the front olive in the cabin;

[0050] S3: Perform a grabbing operation on the goods at the middle part in the cabin;

[0051] S4: Perform a grabbing operation on the goods at the ridge formed in the cabin.

[0052] During the grasping process, S1: Perform a grasping operation on the goods at the rear olive area inside the cabin; S2: Perform a grasping operation on the goods at the front olive area inside the cabin; S3: Perform a grasping operation on the goods at the middle part inside the cabin; S4: Perform a grasping operation on the goods at the ridge formed inside the cabin.

[0053] Based on the above solution, the front and rear olives inside the cabin refer to the front and rear sides of the cabin.

[0054] The method of this embodiment is simple. By using this method, the full-load rate of the grab bucket can be significantly increased, the amount of cabin cleaning can be reduced, and the cabin cleaning time can be shortened, thereby improving the overall operation efficiency.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, S1 includes the following specific steps:

[0057] S11: First, perform a grasping operation on the goods at the center of the rear olive inside the cabin;

[0058] S12: Perform a grasping operation on the goods at the two corners of the sea-land side inside the cabin.

[0059] This method is simple and reasonably designed, and can efficiently grasp the goods at various parts inside the cabin, improving the full-load rate of the grab bucket during operation.

[0060] Embodiment 3

[0061] Based on Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, S11 specifically includes:

[0062] The first bucket uses the principle of a semi-automatic walking trolley to grasp the central bucket at the rear olive, and then successively presses half a bucket to grasp to the left and right sides.

[0063] This method is simple and reasonably designed, and can effectively grasp the goods at the center of the rear olive inside the cabin with high efficiency.

[0064] Embodiment 4

[0065] Based on Embodiment 3, in this embodiment, in S11:

[0066] During the grasping process, it is necessary to press and grasp half a bucket, that is, the grasping sequence is arranged successively to both sides, and the position of half a bucket is moved each time.

[0067] This method is simple and reasonably designed, and can effectively grasp the goods at the center of the rear olive inside the cabin with high efficiency.

[0068] Embodiment 5

[0069] Based on any one of Embodiments 2 to 4, in this embodiment, S12 specifically includes:

[0070] In the semi-automatic process, first move the trolley backward and then forward, move the trolley towards the sea side, and then quickly move the trolley backward again.

[0071] This method is simple and reasonably designed, which can effectively grasp the goods at two corners on the sea and land sides inside the cabin with high efficiency.

[0072] Embodiment 6

[0073] On the basis of Embodiment 5, in this embodiment, in S12: the grab will form a swaying angle of 45° backward towards the sea side.

[0074] By adopting such an operation method, the grab will form a swaying angle of 45° backward towards the sea side, which can make the grab sway naturally along with this angle and enter the expected grabbing point.

[0075] Embodiment 7

[0076] On the basis of any one of Embodiments 5 to 6, in this embodiment, in S12: the position of the trolley and the actual position of the grab form a vertical angle.

[0077] During the closing process of the grab, try to make the position of the trolley and the actual position of the grab form a vertical angle to reduce the swaying of the grab.

[0078] Embodiment 8

[0079] On the basis of Embodiment 7, in this embodiment, in S12: move the trolley forward for a certain distance so that the grab can safely exit the cabin during the forward swaying process. The steps for exiting the cabin are: lift the grab → quickly stabilize the grab → step on the semi-automatic → stabilize the grab with the trolley.

[0080] This method is simple and reasonably designed to ensure that the grab exits the cabin quickly.

[0081] Embodiment 9

[0082] On the basis of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, before S1, there is also S0:

[0083] The operators perform operations on the sea and land sides in sequence. After leveling the grabs on the sea and land sides, move the trolley, move the position of the ship unloader to the front and back positions, and use the same method to grab to level the materials in the cabin.

[0084] This method is simple and uses traditional methods for grabbing operations to prepare for subsequent grabbing operations.

[0085] Embodiment 10

[0086] On the basis of Embodiment 9, in this embodiment, before S0, there is also:

[0087] The operator needs to first set the semi-automatic operation mode, select an appropriate grasping quantity according to the density of the goods, and select the highest point of the material for the grasping operation.

[0088] This method is simple. The traditional method is used for the grasping operation to prepare for the subsequent grasping operation.

[0089] Taking the fact that most hatch sizes of the unloading ship are about 16m * 8m as an example, the hatch opening and unloading operation mainly includes the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: The operator needs to first set the semi-automatic operation mode, select an appropriate grasping quantity according to the density of the goods, and select the highest point of the material for the grasping operation.

[0091] Step 2: The operator operates successively towards the sea and land sides (i.e., the left and right sides of the cabin). After grasping the sea and land sides smoothly, move the traveling crane, move the position of the ship unloader to the front and rear gantries, and use the same method for grasping to make the materials in the cabin in a smooth state.

[0092] Step 3: After grasping smoothly, the operator uses the "efficient groove and ridge operation method" of the ship unloader for grasping. When grasping the rear gantry and the inner row position of the gantry, it is necessary to know the position of the ship ladder in advance, and the distance from the ship ladder should be greater than 1 meter of safety distance. The first bucket uses the principle of the semi-automatic traveling crane to grasp the center bucket of the rear gantry, and then successively presses half a bucket to grasp towards the left and right sides. During the grasping process, it is necessary to press and grasp half a bucket, that is, the grasping sequence is arranged towards both sides in turn, and the position of half a bucket is moved each time. The purpose of this operation method is to maintain the balance of the grab, make one side of the bucket body fall on the plane, and the cabin type grabbed by this method can be smooth. At the same time, it has a positive effect on the overload control during the grasping process.

[0093] The entire rear bulkhead has been completely grabbed, and there is very little cargo left on the rear bulkhead. Among them, when grabbing the two corners on the sea and land sides, it is a technical operation difficulty. Taking the sea side corner of the rear bulkhead as an example, the operation steps include: during the semi-automatic process, walk the rear bulkhead traveling crane forward in advance (i.e., the ship unloader moves back and forth) → move the trolley in the sea side direction (i.e., the trolley drives the grab to move left and right) → then quickly move the rear bulkhead traveling crane backward. Using this kind of operation method, the grab will form a swaying angle of 45 degrees towards the sea side of the rear bulkhead, which can make the grab naturally sway along with this angle and enter the expected grabbing point. During this operation process, the traveling speed and distance of the trolley and the traveling crane determine the depth of the grab into the rear bulkhead and the depth of the sea side. During the closing process of the grab, try to make the position of the trolley form a perpendicular angle with the actual position of the grab to reduce the swaying of the grab. At the same time, move the traveling crane forward a certain distance towards the front bulkhead so that the grab can safely exit the hold during the forward swaying process. The operation steps include: hoist the grab → quickly and steadily hold the grab (steady it in one go) → step on semi-automatic → steady the grab with the traveling crane (during the process of exiting the hold). Thus, a complete process of using semi-automatic to grab both sides of the front and rear bulkheads is completed. However, it should be noted during the operation process that no matter which point in the hold is grabbed, it should be based on not rubbing against the hold wall.

[0094] Step 4: The grabbing process of the front bulkhead is similar to that of the rear bulkhead. The difference is that due to the angle of the driver's cab, the front bulkhead grabbing operation is a visual blind spot for the operators. They need to operate based on experience and auxiliary systems, but the operation steps are similar and the principles are the same. Only due to the line of sight, the operators need to confirm the position of the front bulkhead access ladder to prevent accidents of bumping into the ship ladder. Using the above operation method, after grabbing the front and rear bulkheads and the middle row, the hold forms a hold shape with distinct grooves and ridges.

[0095] Step 5: At this time, the grabbing operation needs to grab two ridges first, and adjust the grabbing ratio according to the characteristics of the cargo during the grabbing process. Due to the flatness of the cargo, the grabbing ratio hardly needs to be adjusted during the grabbing process, and it can well ensure the full load rate. After grabbing the two ridges, the hold is already in a flat state. At this time, repeat the above cargo grabbing sequence: front bulkhead (the order of the front and rear bulkheads can be swapped) → rear bulkhead (the order of the front and rear bulkheads can be swapped) → middle row → ridge. Keep this grabbing sequence throughout the subsequent operation until the cargo in the hold is grabbed until it reaches the bottom and reaches the next hold cleaning machinery.

[0096] Based on the above scheme, the data comparison results between the "efficient groove and ridge operation method" and the "traditional operation method" of the ship unloader are as follows:

[0097] (1) Data comparison of the full load rate of the grab

[0098] The "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" were respectively used to operate the unloading operations of two groups of ship holds with similar working conditions. The operation data of 10 bucket grabs were randomly selected for comparative analysis during the mid-hold stage. The single-bucket tonnage statistics table of the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" and the "traditional operation method" is shown in Table 1.

[0099] Table 1 Comparison of single-bucket tonnage between the "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" (unit: t)

[0100]

[0101] According to the content in Table 1 above, the rated grabbing tonnage of the grab is 40 tons. Through calculation, it can be known that the full-load rate of the grab in the "traditional operation method" is 81%, and the full-load rate of the grab in the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" is 97%, with a 16% increase in the full-load rate.

[0102] (2) Comparison of hold-cleaning volume data

[0103] The "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" were respectively used to operate the unloading operations of the holds of 5 ships with similar working conditions. The "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" were respectively used during the unloading operation of each ship. The statistics table of the hold-cleaning volume data of the two operation methods is shown in Table 2.

[0104] Table 2 Comparison of hold-cleaning volume data between the "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" (unit: t)

[0105]

[0106] It can be calculated from the statistical data in Table 2 that the hold-cleaning volume of the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" is on average 29% lower than that of the "traditional operation method". The efficient groove-ridge operation method can ensure the full-load rate while greatly reducing the hold-cleaning volume, reducing the hold-cleaning time, improving the operation efficiency and reducing the hold-cleaning cost.

[0107] (3) Comparison of hold-cleaning time data

[0108] The "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" were respectively used to operate the unloading operations of the holds of 5 ships with similar working conditions. The "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" were used to complete the operation by evenly dividing the hold positions during the unloading operation of each ship. The statistical data of the "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" during the hold-cleaning stage are shown in Table 3.

[0109] Table 3 Comparison of hold-cleaning time data between the "traditional operation method" and the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" (unit: h)

[0110]

[0111] It can be calculated from the statistical data in Table 3 above that the average time for cleaning the hold by the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" is reduced by 0.72 h compared with that of the "traditional operation method".

[0112] The benefit analysis of the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" of the ship unloader adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0113] In the benefit calculation, compared with the "traditional operation method", the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" of the ship unloader has achieved a significant improvement in the overall ship unloading operation efficiency, and the overall ship-hour rate has increased by 19.4%. The average operation time of the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" in the middle hold opening stage is 7.6 h, and the average operation time of the "traditional operation method" in the middle hold opening stage is 9.8 h; the average operation time of the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" in the hold cleaning stage is 4.54 h, and the average operation time of the "traditional operation method" in the hold cleaning stage is 5.26 h. Taking 3 ship unloaders for a 200,000-ton CAPE ship as an example, adopting the "efficient groove-ridge operation method" of the ship unloader can compress the ship operation time by 2.92 h, and the overall ship operation rate is increased by nearly 19.4%, saving a large amount of time and economic costs for port enterprises.

[0114] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed claims.

[0115] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0116] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An operating method for improving the operating efficiency of a bridge grab ship unloader, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Grab the cargo at the rear of the cabin; S11: First, grab the cargo at the rear center of the cabin. Use the principle of semi-automatic walking cart to grab the center bucket of the rear olive, and then press half buckets to grab to the left and right sides in turn; During the grasping process, it is necessary to press the half bucket to grasp, that is, the grasping sequence is arranged to both sides in turn, and the position of the half bucket is moved each time; S12: Grab the cargo at the two corners of the sea and land sides of the cabin, including semi-automatic During the process, the large vehicle moves backwards in advance, the small vehicle moves toward the sea, and then the large vehicle moves backwards quickly; Make the position of the trolley form a vertical angle with the actual position of the grab bucket, and move the trolley forward for a certain distance so that the grab bucket can be safely out of the cabin during the forward swing. The steps for getting out of the cabin are: lift the grab bucket → quickly stabilize the grab bucket → step on the semi-automatic button → stabilize the bucket with the trolley; S2: Grab the cargo at the front of the cabin; S3: Grab the cargo in the middle of the cabin; S4: Grab the cargo at the spine formed in the cabin.

2. The operating method for improving the operating efficiency of a bridge grab ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S12: the grab bucket will form a rocking angle of 45° toward the rear olive sea side.

3. The operating method for improving the operating efficiency of a bridge grab ship unloader according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The S1 also includes S0 before: The operators work on both sides of the sea and land in turn. After grabbing and leveling the sea and land sides, they move the trolley to move the ship unloader to the front and rear olive positions and use the same method to grab the materials in the cabin to a level state.

4. The operating method for improving the operating efficiency of a bridge grab ship unloader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S0 also includes: The operator needs to first set the semi-automatic operation mode, select the appropriate grab amount according to the density of the goods, and select the highest point of the material for grabbing operations.

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