A semi-excavated full-basin pot anti-seepage drainage type

Abstract

The application provides a semi-excavation and semi-filling full-reservoir-pot anti-seepage drainage type, which comprises asphalt concrete panels arranged along the periphery of the reservoir pot and a geomembrane laid on the reservoir bottom, the asphalt concrete panel on one side of the reservoir bank is overlapped with the geomembrane through the arrangement of a reservoir bank concrete gallery, the asphalt concrete panel on the panel rockfill dam is overlapped with the geomembrane through the arrangement of a concrete connecting plate, the connection and fixation of the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane are realized through the arrangement of the concrete connecting plate and the reservoir bank concrete gallery, the problems that the concrete panel of a high dam is easily squeezed and damaged and the asphalt concrete panel on the high-filling slag body of the reservoir bottom is difficult to adapt to uneven deformation are solved, a new anti-seepage solution is provided for projects with complex topographic and geological conditions, high dam, deep filling of the reservoir bottom and poor filling materials, a partition monitoring system is formed through the arrangement of the reservoir bank concrete gallery, the reservoir bottom concrete gallery and the front pool concrete gallery, the defect position of the reservoir pot seepage can be quickly and effectively identified, and the operation safety of the project is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower technology, and in particular to a semi-excavated and semi-filled full reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the terrain and geological conditions of these projects are becoming increasingly complex. For projects with poor geological conditions, especially those with low groundwater levels and seepage channels in the reservoir basin, a full reservoir basin seepage prevention method is often adopted. When the terrain conditions are complex, it is necessary to modify the terrain to form a regular reservoir basin, and the reservoir basin is often arranged using a semi-excavation and semi-filling method.

[0003] For reservoir basins that adopt a semi-excavation and semi-fill layout, part of the soil from the excavation area needs to be filled into the backfill area. The backfill area of ​​the reservoir basin is relatively deep, and in some projects, the backfill depth of the bottom of the reservoir basin can even reach hundreds of meters. In order to control costs, inferior materials are often used for the bottom filling material, which leads to the problem of uneven deformation of the bottom of the reservoir basin in the backfill area. Therefore, it is necessary to design appropriate seepage prevention measures for the excavation area and the backfill area. Moreover, the workload of reservoir basin leakage investigation is large and the investigation cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a semi-excavation and semi-filling full reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage system, which can solve the problem of how to design appropriate seepage prevention measures for the excavation area and the backfill area when the reservoir basin adopts a semi-excavation and semi-filling layout.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A semi-excavation and semi-filling type of reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage includes an asphalt concrete panel set along the perimeter of the reservoir basin and a geomembrane laid on the bottom of the reservoir. The asphalt concrete panel on one side of the reservoir bank is connected to the geomembrane by setting a reservoir bank concrete corridor. The asphalt concrete panel on the panel rockfill dam is connected to the geomembrane by setting a concrete connecting plate.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention may also employ the following further technical solutions, or combine these further technical solutions:

[0008] A concrete corridor at the bottom of the reservoir is provided at the junction of the reservoir basin excavation area and the reservoir basin backfill area. The two ends of the concrete corridor at the bottom of the reservoir overlap with the concrete corridor on the reservoir bank.

[0009] The backfill area of ​​the reservoir basin is also equipped with a forebay and inlet / outlet. A forebay concrete corridor is provided at the junction of the forebay and the asphalt concrete panel.

[0010] The bottom of the asphalt concrete panel located on the rockfill dam is provided with an arc segment. The concrete connecting plate overlaps tangentially with the arc segment of the asphalt concrete panel. One side of the geomembrane is fixed to the concrete panel by an anchoring structure and then extends to the asphalt concrete panel for bonding and fixing.

[0011] The asphalt concrete panel located on one side of the reservoir bank is a steep, sloping slope. The reservoir bank concrete gallery is located at the bottom of the asphalt concrete panel. One side of the geomembrane extends to the reservoir bank concrete gallery and is fixed by an anchoring structure.

[0012] The forebay concrete corridor is located below the reservoir bank concrete corridor. The inlet / outlet is located between the forebay concrete corridor and the reservoir bank concrete corridor, and the inlet / outlet is surrounded by impermeable concrete. The geomembrane on one side of the forebay concrete corridor is directly fixed to the reservoir bank concrete corridor using an anchoring structure. The seepage water from the geomembrane located in the forebay flows into the forebay concrete corridor for monitoring.

[0013] The rockfill dam body consists of upstream and downstream rockfill materials. A transition material is placed on the slope of the upstream rockfill, followed by a foundation material. The asphalt concrete face sheet is then placed on the foundation material. A drainage strip is placed below the downstream rockfill, and a downstream weir is located on the downstream side of the drainage strip. All three materials—the transition material, the upstream rockfill, and the drainage strip—are made of slightly weathered rock with a permeability coefficient greater than 1 x 10⁻⁶. -2 The leakage water from the asphalt concrete panel on the dam body cushion material is monitored as it flows into the downstream weir through the dam body cushion material, the dam body transition material, the upstream rockfill material, and the drainage strip rockfill material.

[0014] Below the geomembrane in the reservoir basin backfill area, a three-dimensional composite drainage net, a reservoir bottom cushion material, and a reservoir bottom transition material are sequentially arranged. Below the reservoir bottom transition material, reservoir bottom backfill material is filled. On the side where the reservoir bottom backfill material connects to the rockfill dam body, a filter material and a dam body transition material are sequentially arranged. The reservoir bottom transition material is made of slightly weathered rock with a permeability coefficient greater than 1x10⁻⁶. -2 The seepage water from the geomembrane in the reservoir basin backfill area flows directly into the dam body of the rockfill dam through the three-dimensional composite drainage network, the reservoir bottom cushion material, and the reservoir bottom transition material, or flows into the dam body of the rockfill dam through the reservoir bottom backfill material, the filter material, and the dam body transition material, and then flows to the downstream weir for monitoring.

[0015] A bank cushion layer is installed below the asphalt concrete panel on one side of the reservoir bank. The bank cushion layer is connected to the reservoir bank concrete corridor through a drainage pipe. Leakage water from the asphalt concrete panel on one side of the reservoir bank flows into the drainage pipe through the bank cushion layer and then converges into the reservoir bank concrete corridor for monitoring.

[0016] Below the geomembrane in the reservoir excavation area, a three-dimensional composite drainage network, a reservoir bottom cushion material, and drainage pipes are sequentially installed. Drainage pipes are connected between the drainage pipes and the reservoir bank concrete corridor, and between the drainage pipes and the reservoir bottom concrete corridor. The seepage water from the geomembrane in the reservoir excavation area flows into the drainage pipes through the three-dimensional composite drainage network and the reservoir bottom cushion material, and then flows into the reservoir bank concrete corridor and the reservoir bottom concrete corridor for monitoring. The reservoir bottom concrete corridor can be densely arranged in several sections to form a corridor zone monitoring network.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this invention achieves the connection and fixation of two types of seepage prevention materials—asphalt concrete panels and geomembranes—by setting up concrete connecting plates and reservoir bank concrete galleries. This solves the problems of easy extrusion and damage to concrete panels used in high dams and the difficulty of adapting to uneven deformation of asphalt concrete panels on high fill bodies. It provides a new seepage prevention solution for projects with complex terrain and geological conditions, high dams, deep reservoir bottom fill, and poor fill material. By setting up reservoir bank concrete galleries, reservoir bottom concrete galleries, and forebay concrete galleries, a zoned monitoring system is formed, which can quickly and effectively identify the seepage defects in the reservoir basin and ensure the safe operation of the project. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar layout structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A typical cross-sectional diagram along the AA direction.

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A typical cross-sectional diagram along the BB direction.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the geomembrane and the concrete connecting plate of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the geomembrane and the concrete corridor on the reservoir bank according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific examples. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote elements with the same or similar functions throughout. However, it should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size. It is understandable for those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a semi-excavation and semi-filling type of full reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage, including asphalt concrete panels 4 set along the perimeter of the reservoir basin and geomembrane 5 laid on the bottom of the reservoir. The asphalt concrete panels 4 on one side of the reservoir bank 2 are connected to the geomembrane 5 by setting up a reservoir bank concrete corridor 7. The asphalt concrete panels 4 on the panel rockfill dam 1 are connected to the geomembrane 5 by setting up a concrete connecting plate 6.

[0026] At the junction of the reservoir basin excavation area and the reservoir basin backfill area, a reservoir bottom concrete corridor 8 is set up, and the two ends of the reservoir bottom concrete corridor 8 overlap with the reservoir bank concrete corridor 7.

[0027] The reservoir backfill area is also equipped with a forebay and inlet / outlet 3. A forebay concrete corridor 9 is provided at the junction of the forebay and the asphalt concrete panel 4.

[0028] The bottom of the asphalt concrete panel 4 located on the rockfill dam 1 is provided with an arc segment. The concrete connecting plate 6 overlaps tangentially with the arc segment of the asphalt concrete panel 4. One side of the geomembrane 5 is fixed to the concrete panel 6 by the anchoring structure 22 and then extends to the asphalt concrete panel 4 for bonding and fixing.

[0029] The bottom of the asphalt concrete panel 4 located on the rockfill dam 1 is subjected to complex stress and large deformation. By setting an arc segment to overlap with the concrete connecting plate 6, the concrete connecting plate 6 serves as the anchoring structure for the geomembrane 5. After the geomembrane 5 is anchored, it extends to the arc segment to bond with the asphalt concrete panel 4. Even if the concrete connecting plate 6 on the high fill body cracks due to deformation, the seepage prevention safety can still be guaranteed.

[0030] In this embodiment, the radius of the arc segment is 30~50m; the anchoring structure 22 includes L-shaped angle steel and connecting bolts.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, a panel geomembrane 25 is also laid on the concrete panel 4. The panel geomembrane 25 extends to the top of the geomembrane 5 and the two are welded and fixed together. The panel geomembrane 25 forms a bulge at the anchoring structure 22, and the bulge is filled with plastic water-stopping material.

[0032] The asphalt concrete panel 4 located on one side of the reservoir bank 2 is a steep, sloping slope. The reservoir bank concrete gallery 7 is located at the bottom of the slope of the asphalt concrete panel 4. One side of the geomembrane 5 extends to the reservoir bank concrete gallery 7 and is fixed by the anchoring structure 22.

[0033] The forebay concrete corridor 9 is located below the reservoir bank concrete corridor 7. The inlet / outlet 3 is located between the forebay concrete corridor 9 and the reservoir bank concrete corridor 7, and the inlet / outlet 3 is surrounded by impermeable concrete. The geomembrane 5 on one side of the forebay concrete corridor 9 is directly fixed to the reservoir bank concrete corridor 7 by the anchoring structure 22. The leakage water of the geomembrane 5 located in the forebay flows into the forebay concrete corridor 9 for monitoring.

[0034] The dam body of the face rockfill dam 1 consists of upstream rockfill material 10 and downstream rockfill material 11 from upstream to downstream. A dam transition material 12 is placed on the slope of the upstream rockfill material 10, a dam body cushion material 13 is placed on the dam transition material 12, and an asphalt concrete face dam 4 is placed on the dam body cushion material 13. A drainage strip rockfill material 19 is placed below the downstream rockfill material 11, and a downstream weir 24 is located on the downstream side of the drainage strip rockfill material 19. The dam transition material 12, the upstream rockfill material 10, and the drainage strip rockfill material 19 are all made of slightly weathered rock with a permeability coefficient greater than 1 x 10⁻⁶. -2 The flow rate is cm / s, which meets the requirements for free drainage. The leakage water of the asphalt concrete panel 4 on the dam body cushion material 13 flows into the downstream weir 24 through the dam body cushion material 13, the dam body transition material 12, the upstream rockfill material 10 and the drainage belt rockfill material 19 for monitoring.

[0035] Downstream rockfill 11 is located in a dry area. Based on meeting the requirements for dam deformation and dam slope stability, it can be filled with fully weathered material, and the permeability coefficient is not required.

[0036] Below the geomembrane 5 in the reservoir basin backfill area, a three-dimensional composite drainage net 18, a reservoir bottom cushion material 17, and a reservoir bottom transition material 16 are sequentially installed. Below the reservoir bottom transition material 16, reservoir bottom backfill material 15 is filled. On the side where the reservoir bottom backfill material 15 connects to the dam body of the rockfill dam 1, a filter material 14 and a dam body transition material 12 are sequentially installed. The reservoir bottom transition material 16 is made of slightly weathered rock with a permeability coefficient greater than 1x10. -2The seepage water from the geomembrane 5 in the reservoir basin backfill area flows directly into the dam body of the rockfill dam 1 through the three-dimensional composite drainage net 18, the reservoir bottom cushion material 17, and the reservoir bottom transition material 16, or flows into the dam body of the rockfill dam 1 through the reservoir bottom backfill material 15, the filter material 14, and the dam body transition material 12, and then flows to the downstream weir 24 for monitoring.

[0037] The bottom cushion material 17 serves as the foundation layer for the geomembrane 5. Its maximum particle size should be smaller than that of the cushion material 13 (maximum particle size 8cm), and should not exceed 2cm. The three-dimensional composite drainage net 18 is a structure consisting of two layers of geotextile composited on top and bottom of a geogrid, possessing strong drainage capacity and the ability to protect the geomembrane from puncture. The bottom backfill material 15 can be filled with fully weathered material, but at the contact points with the rockfill dam 1 and the cut-fill boundary area, it is necessary to fill with good material for a transitional phase to avoid uneven deformation and damage caused by differences in material sources. The gradation requirements of the filter material 14 are necessary to ensure that the bottom backfill material 15 has a reverse filtration and drainage capacity, preventing fine particles of the bottom backfill material from being carried away and causing seepage damage.

[0038] A bank cushion material 21 is installed under the asphalt concrete panel 4 on one side of the bank 2. The bank cushion material 21 is connected to the bank concrete corridor 7 through a drainage pipe 23. The leakage water from the asphalt concrete panel 4 on one side of the bank 2 flows into the drainage pipe 23 through the bank cushion material 21 and then flows into the bank concrete corridor 7 for monitoring.

[0039] Below the geomembrane 5 in the reservoir basin excavation area, a three-dimensional composite drainage net 18, a reservoir bottom cushion material 17, and a drainage perforated pipe 20 are sequentially installed. Drainage pipes 23 are connected between the drainage perforated pipe 20 and the reservoir bank concrete corridor 7, and between the drainage perforated pipe 20 and the reservoir bottom concrete corridor 8, respectively. The seepage water from the geomembrane 5 in the reservoir basin excavation area flows into the drainage perforated pipe 20 through the three-dimensional composite drainage net 18 and the reservoir bottom cushion material 17, and then flows into the reservoir bank concrete corridor 7 and the reservoir bottom concrete corridor 8 for monitoring. The reservoir bottom concrete corridor 8 can be densely arranged in several places to form a corridor zone monitoring network.

[0040] The present invention provides a semi-excavation and semi-filling type of full reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage, the construction process of which is as follows:

[0041] The mountainside was excavated using a semi-excavation and semi-filling method. The excavated material was used to fill the rockfill dam 1 and the reservoir basin backfill area. After excavation, filling and correction to form a regular reservoir basin, the upper seepage prevention construction was carried out.

[0042] On one side of the reservoir bank 2, the reservoir bank concrete gallery 7, the reservoir bottom concrete gallery 8 and the forebay concrete gallery 9 are excavated and poured. At the junction of the rockfill dam 1 and the reservoir bank concrete gallery 7, a concrete connecting plate 6 is poured.

[0043] Construction of asphalt concrete panel 4;

[0044] A geomembrane 5 is laid at the bottom of the reservoir, and an anchoring structure 22 is used to anchor the geomembrane 5 at the bottom of the reservoir to the concrete corridor 7 on the bank, the concrete corridor 9 in the forebay, and the concrete connecting slab 6.

[0045] Based on the description and accompanying drawings of this invention, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use a semi-excavation and semi-filling full reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage system of this invention, and can produce the positive effects described in this invention.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "installed," "set," "equipped with," "connected," "linked," and "sleeve" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral construction; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two mechanisms, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "one end," "the other end," "outer side," "inner side," "horizontal," "end," "length," "outer end," "left," and "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the mechanism or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. The terms "first" and "second" are also used only for the sake of brevity in description and do not indicate or imply relative importance.

[0048] Furthermore, in practicing the claims of this invention, those skilled in the art can understand and influence variations to the disclosed embodiments through a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. Additionally, in the claims and description, words such as "comprising" and "containing" do not exclude other elements or steps, and non-plural nouns do not exclude their plural forms.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the present invention are covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention, and will not be listed here.

Claims

1. A semi-excavation, semi-filling type of full-reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage system, characterized in that, The system includes an asphalt concrete panel (4) laid along the perimeter of the reservoir basin and a geomembrane (5) laid on the bottom of the reservoir. The asphalt concrete panel (4) on one side of the reservoir bank (2) is connected to the geomembrane (5) by a reservoir bank concrete corridor (7). The asphalt concrete panel (4) on the panel rockfill dam (1) is connected to the geomembrane (5) by a concrete connecting plate (6). A reservoir bottom concrete corridor (8) is provided at the junction of the reservoir basin excavation area and the reservoir basin backfill area. The two ends of the reservoir bottom concrete corridor (8) are connected to the reservoir bank concrete corridor (7). The reservoir basin backfill area is also provided with a forebay and an inlet / outlet (3). A forebay concrete corridor (9) is provided at the junction of the forebay and the asphalt concrete panel (4). The forebay concrete corridor (9) is located below the reservoir bank concrete corridor (7). The inlet / outlet (3) is located between the forebay concrete corridor (9) and the reservoir bank concrete corridor (7), and the inlet / outlet (3) is surrounded by impermeable concrete. The geomembrane (5) on one side of the forebay concrete corridor (9) is directly fixed to the reservoir bank concrete corridor (7) by an anchoring structure (22). The leakage water of the geomembrane (5) in the forebay flows into the forebay concrete corridor (9) for monitoring. The rockfill dam (1) has upstream rockfill (10) and downstream rockfill (11) arranged from upstream to downstream. The slope of the upstream rockfill (10) is provided with dam transition material (12), dam body cushion material (13) is provided on the dam transition material (12), and the asphalt concrete face panel (4) is provided on the dam body cushion material (13). Drainage strip rockfill (19) is provided below the downstream rockfill (11), and a downstream weir (24) is provided on the downstream side of the drainage strip rockfill (19). The dam transition material (12), the upstream rockfill (10) and the drainage strip rockfill (19) are all made of slightly weathered rock and have a permeability coefficient greater than 1x10. -2 cm / s, the leakage water of the asphalt concrete panel (4) on the dam body cushion material (13) flows into the downstream water measuring weir (24) through the dam body cushion material (13), the dam body transition material (12), the upstream rockfill material (10) and the drainage belt rockfill material (19) for monitoring; Below the geomembrane (5) in the reservoir basin backfill area, a three-dimensional composite drainage net (18), a reservoir bottom cushion material (17), and a reservoir bottom transition material (16) are sequentially arranged. Below the reservoir bottom transition material (16), a reservoir bottom backfill material (15) is filled. On the side where the reservoir bottom backfill material (15) connects with the dam body of the rockfill dam (1), a reverse filter material (14) and a dam body transition material (12) are sequentially arranged. The reservoir bottom transition material (16) is made of slightly weathered rock material with a permeability coefficient greater than 1x10. -2 cm / s, the seepage water of the geomembrane (5) in the backfill area of ​​the reservoir basin flows directly into the dam body of the rockfill dam (1) through the three-dimensional composite drainage network (18), the reservoir bottom cushion material (17), and the reservoir bottom transition material (16), or flows into the dam body of the rockfill dam (1) through the reservoir bottom backfill material (15), the filter material (14), and the dam body transition material (12), and then flows to the downstream weir (24) for monitoring; Below the geomembrane (5) in the reservoir basin excavation area, a three-dimensional composite drainage net (18), a reservoir bottom cushion material (17), and a drainage flower pipe (20) are sequentially installed. The drainage flower pipe (20) is connected to the reservoir bank concrete corridor (7) and the reservoir bottom concrete corridor (8) respectively by drainage pipes (23). The seepage water of the geomembrane (5) in the reservoir basin excavation area flows into the drainage flower pipe (20) through the three-dimensional composite drainage net (18) and the reservoir bottom cushion material (17) and then flows into the reservoir bank concrete corridor (7) and the reservoir bottom concrete corridor (8) for monitoring. The reservoir bottom concrete corridor (8) can be densely arranged in several places to form a corridor zone monitoring network.

2. The semi-excavation and semi-filling type of full reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the asphalt concrete panel (4) located on the rockfill dam (1) is provided with an arc segment. The concrete connecting plate (6) overlaps tangentially with the arc segment of the asphalt concrete panel (4). One side of the geomembrane (5) is fixed to the concrete connecting plate (6) by an anchoring structure (22) and then extends to the asphalt concrete panel (4) for bonding and fixing.

3. The semi-excavation and semi-filling full-basin seepage prevention and drainage type as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The asphalt concrete panel (4) located on one side of the reservoir bank (2) is a steep slope with a straight slope to the bottom. The reservoir bank concrete corridor (7) is located at the bottom of the slope of the asphalt concrete panel (4). The geomembrane (5) extends to the reservoir bank concrete corridor (7) and is fixed by an anchoring structure (22).

4. The semi-excavation and semi-filling type of full reservoir basin seepage prevention and drainage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A bank cushion material (21) is provided below the asphalt concrete panel (4) on one side of the bank (2). The bank cushion material (21) and the bank concrete corridor (7) are connected by a drainage pipe (23). The leakage water from the asphalt concrete panel (4) on one side of the bank (2) flows into the drainage pipe (23) through the bank cushion material (21) and then flows into the bank concrete corridor (7) for monitoring.

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