Lightning protection monitoring method, system, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present application provides a lightning protection monitoring method, system, device and storage medium, which can detect the electrostatic field signal of the target area; perform mutation reconstruction on the electrostatic field signal to obtain multiple mutation electric field values, and determine the electric field energy based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal; construct a discharge detection model of thunderclouds through the electric field energy and all mutation electric field values, and then divide the lightning warning area according to the discharge detection model; obtain the historical ground lightning distribution, and then fit the positioning characteristics of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground lightning distribution, and fuse the positioning characteristics with the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal to obtain the movement trend of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area; establish the lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area through the movement trend, and perform lightning strike warning monitoring on the target area based on the lightning strike risk coefficient. The scheme of the present application can realize short-term monitoring and warning of lightning in local areas of specific terrain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lightning protection technology, and more specifically, to a lightning protection monitoring method, system, device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Lightning protection systems can protect human society from the impact of lightning disasters. They use multidisciplinary knowledge such as meteorology, physics, electrical engineering and architecture to prevent and reduce the damage caused by lightning in a scientific way. The core of this field is to study the formation mechanism and discharge characteristics of lightning, and then develop effective monitoring and early warning systems, such as lightning positioning systems and satellite monitoring technology, to predict lightning activities in advance. Lightning protection technology also involves the design and installation of lightning protection devices such as lightning rods and surge protectors, as well as the construction of a reliable grounding system to ensure that lightning currents can be safely directed to the ground. With the development of new materials and technologies, the field of lightning protection continues to advance, providing society with more efficient and economical protection measures.

[0003] Lightning protection monitoring is a technology that focuses on monitoring and evaluating lightning activities to prevent lightning disasters. It provides lightning warnings and risk assessments by collecting, analyzing and interpreting lightning data in real time. Lightning protection monitoring technology also includes the measurement of atmospheric electric fields, which can be used to predict the approach of thunderstorms. Electric field sensors can detect changes in the electric field caused by the accumulation of charge in thunderstorm clouds, providing early signals for lightning warnings; in addition, lightning protection monitoring technology also involves data analysis and processing technologies, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms, which can extract patterns and trends from a large amount of monitoring data, improve the accuracy and timeliness of lightning warnings, and thus reduce the impact of lightning on human activities and protect life and property safety; in existing lightning protection monitoring, it is often achieved after analyzing meteorological observation data such as radar and satellites in the target area. However, in some terrains with intense convective activities and complex climate influences (such as mountainous areas), lightning activities often show the characteristics of small scale and strong dispersion, which leads to a decrease in the timeliness of the process of obtaining meteorological observation data (i.e., the long-term monitoring efficiency of mountainous terrain is low); therefore, how to achieve short-term monitoring and early warning of lightning in local areas of specific terrain has become a difficult problem faced by the industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a lightning protection monitoring method, system, device and storage medium, which can realize short-term monitoring and early warning of lightning in a local area of ​​a specific terrain.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a lightning protection monitoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Detecting the electrostatic field signal on the ground in the target area by using an electric field sensor;

[0007] Performing mutation reconstruction on the electrostatic field signal to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges, and determining the electric field energy generated on the ground after the thundercloud discharges based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal;

[0008] A discharge detection model of a thundercloud is constructed by using the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values, and then a lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge detection model;

[0009] Obtaining the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area, and then fitting the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution, fusing and correlating the positioning features with the waveform features of the electrostatic field signal, and obtaining the movement trend of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area;

[0010] A lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area is established through the movement trend, and lightning strike early warning monitoring is performed on the target area based on the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0011] In some embodiments, performing mutation reconstruction on the electrostatic field signal to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after thundercloud discharge specifically includes:

[0012] Setting mutation detection elements in the mutation reconstruction process;

[0013] The electrostatic field signal is reconstructed into a plurality of sudden electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges through the sudden change detection element.

[0014] In some embodiments, determining the electric field energy generated on the ground after the thundercloud discharge based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal specifically includes:

[0015] Determine multiple electric field amplitudes of the electrostatic field signal, all electric field amplitudes are waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal;

[0016] The electric field energy generated on the ground after thundercloud discharge is determined by all electric field amplitudes.

[0017] In some embodiments, constructing a discharge detection model of a thundercloud by using the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values ​​specifically includes:

[0018] Set the discharge label corresponding to each sudden electric field value;

[0019] A discharge detection model of a thundercloud is constructed according to all discharge labels, all sudden electric field values ​​and the electric field energy.

[0020] In some embodiments, dividing the lightning warning area from the target area according to the discharge detection model specifically includes:

[0021] Dividing the target area into a plurality of target sub-areas according to the coverage range of the electric field sensor;

[0022] Determining the discharge probability of each target sub-area based on the discharge detection model;

[0023] The lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge probability of each target sub-area.

[0024] In some embodiments, fitting the location features of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution specifically includes:

[0025] Obtaining the location distribution coordinates of each ground-to-ground flash point in the historical ground-to-ground flash distribution;

[0026] The position centroids of multiple thunderclouds are fitted through the position distribution coordinates of all ground flash points;

[0027] Get the position coordinates of the observation point corresponding to the centroid of each position;

[0028] The positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area are determined according to the position centroids of all thunderclouds and the position coordinates of the observation points corresponding to the position centroids of each thundercloud.

[0029] In some embodiments, fusing and associating the positioning feature with the waveform feature of the electrostatic field signal to obtain the movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area specifically includes:

[0030] Acquire multiple electric field amplitudes corresponding to the electrostatic field signal waveform characteristics;

[0031] Determining the electric field disturbance degree of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area through all electric field amplitudes;

[0032] Determine the position factor of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area according to the positioning feature;

[0033] The movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area is determined based on the electric field disturbance degree and the location factor.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present application provides a lightning protection monitoring system, comprising:

[0035] A detection module, used for detecting an electrostatic field signal on the ground in a target area through an electric field sensor;

[0036] A processing module is used to perform mutation reconstruction on the electrostatic field signal to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges, and determine the electric field energy generated on the ground after the thundercloud discharges based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal;

[0037] The processing module is further used to construct a discharge detection model of a thundercloud through the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values, and then divide a lightning warning area from the target area according to the discharge detection model;

[0038] The processing module is further used to obtain the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area, and then fit the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution, and fuse and associate the positioning features with the waveform features of the electrostatic field signal to obtain the movement trend of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area;

[0039] An execution module is used to establish a lightning strike risk coefficient of a target area according to the movement trend, and perform lightning strike early warning monitoring on the target area according to the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0040] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the above-mentioned lightning protection monitoring method when executing the computer program.

[0041] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned lightning protection monitoring method are implemented.

[0042] The technical solution provided by the embodiments disclosed in this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] In the lightning protection monitoring method, system, device and storage medium provided by the present application, the electrostatic field signal on the ground in the target area is detected by an electric field sensor; the electrostatic field signal is mutated and reconstructed to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​of the ground after the thundercloud discharges, and the electric field energy generated by the ground after the thundercloud discharges is determined based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal; a discharge detection model of the thundercloud is constructed by the electric field energy and all mutation electric field values, and then a lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge detection model; the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area is obtained, and then the positioning characteristics of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area are fitted based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution, and the positioning characteristics and the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal are fused and correlated to obtain the movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area; the lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area is established by the movement trend, and the target area is monitored for lightning strike warning according to the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0044] It can be seen that in the present application, firstly, the electrostatic field signal on the ground in the target area is detected by an electric field sensor, so as not to rely on signals collected by radar or satellite, that is, effective electric field data can be provided under any terrain conditions; then, the electrostatic field signal is mutated and reconstructed to obtain multiple mutated electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges. In complex terrains, such as valleys or coastal areas, thundercloud activity may be affected by the terrain. Factors such as wind direction and terrain may change the path and intensity of thunderclouds. The present application quickly captures these changes through the mutated electric field values ​​to enhance the accuracy of short-term warnings; subsequently, a discharge detection model of thunderclouds is constructed by combining all mutated electric field values ​​with the electric field energy, and then the thundercloud discharge detection model is obtained from the target area. The lightning warning area is divided, that is: the warning area is dynamically adjusted through real-time data to adapt to terrain changes and ensure the real-time and accuracy of short-term warnings; secondly, the present application can more accurately obtain the movement trend of thunderclouds by integrating positioning features with electrostatic field signal waveform features, especially for mountainous areas, coastal areas and other areas where thunderclouds are prone to gather, and trend prediction can provide early warning of lightning activities; finally, a lightning strike risk coefficient is established through the movement trend, and lightning strike warning monitoring is carried out, so that the future position of the thundercloud and the possible lightning risk can be effectively predicted through the movement trend of the thundercloud, avoiding the influence of the terrain on the activity path of the thundercloud; in summary, the scheme can realize short-term monitoring and early warning of lightning in local areas of specific terrain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a lightning protection monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for constructing a discharge detection model according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining positioning features according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lightning protection monitoring system according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 It is an internal structure diagram of a computer device for implementing a lightning protection monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to better understand the technical solution in this embodiment, the technical solution in this embodiment will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0051] refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic flow chart of a lightning protection monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present application, and the lightning protection monitoring method mainly includes the following steps:

[0052] In step 101, an electrostatic field signal on the ground in a target area is detected by an electric field sensor.

[0053] It should be noted that when the charge distribution in the atmosphere changes (such as thundercloud discharge), the electrostatic field on the ground will also change. Therefore, the present application uses the electric field sensor to sense the change in the charge on the ground in the target area with a predetermined detection period, thereby obtaining the electrostatic field signal of the ground in the target area. In addition, the electric field sensor is a micro-electromechanical system electric field sensor, and the predetermined detection period is 1 second.

[0054] In step 102, the electrostatic field signal is subjected to mutation reconstruction to obtain a plurality of mutation electric field values ​​of the ground after the thundercloud discharge, and the electric field energy generated on the ground after the thundercloud discharge is determined based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal.

[0055] In some embodiments, the electrostatic field signal is subjected to mutation reconstruction to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after thundercloud discharge, which can be achieved by using the following steps:

[0056] Setting mutation detection elements in the mutation reconstruction process;

[0057] The electrostatic field signal is reconstructed into a plurality of sudden electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges through the sudden change detection element.

[0058] Preferably, the mutation detection element can be set according to the mutation amplitude of the electrostatic field signal caused by thundercloud discharge. As a preferred embodiment, when the mutation amplitude of the electrostatic field signal caused by thundercloud discharge is large, the mutation detection element can be set to [1, 1, 1]; when the mutation amplitude of the electrostatic field signal caused by thundercloud discharge is small, the mutation detection element can be set to [1, 2, 1]. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for setting, which is not limited here. In addition, it should be noted that the mutation detection element is a sliding template for defining a local area of ​​the electrostatic field signal. When the mutation detection element is [1, 1, 1], it indicates a neighborhood range including the current sampling moment and one sampling moment before and after, and the weights of each sampling moment are the same. When the mutation detection element is [1, 2, 1], it indicates that within the neighborhood range of the current sampling moment and one sampling moment before and after, the weight of the current sampling moment is higher. Because the mutation amplitude of the electrostatic field signal caused by thundercloud discharge is large, the present application sets the mutation detection element to [1, 1, 1].

[0059] In specific implementation, the electrostatic field signal is reconstructed into multiple sudden change electric field values ​​on the ground after thundercloud discharge through the sudden change detection element, which can be realized in the following manner, namely: first, an electrostatic field value at a sampling moment is selected from the electrostatic field signal, and then, the expansion electric field value of the electrostatic field value is determined through the sudden change detection element, that is, the maximum value of the electrostatic field value at the sampling moment before the sampling moment, the electrostatic field value at the sampling moment after the sampling moment, and the electrostatic field value is obtained as the expansion electric field value of the electrostatic field value, and then, the corrosion of the electrostatic field value is determined through the sudden change detection element. The electric field value, that is, obtaining the electrostatic field value at the sampling moment before the sampling moment, the electrostatic field value at the sampling moment after the sampling moment and the minimum value among the electrostatic field values ​​as the corrosion electric field value of the electrostatic field value; finally, taking the difference between the expansion electric field value and the corrosion electric field value as the mutation electric field value of the electrostatic field value; repeating the above steps to determine the mutation electric field values ​​of the electrostatic field values ​​at the remaining sampling moments in the electrostatic field signal, thereby reconstructing the electrostatic field signal into multiple mutation electric field values ​​of the ground after the thundercloud discharges; in other embodiments, other methods may be used for determination, which is not limited here.

[0060] It should be noted that the mutation electric field value described in the present application is the mutation amount of the ground electrostatic field value during the thundercloud discharge process. The mutation electric field value can be used to characterize the intensity of the thundercloud activity at the corresponding sampling time. The larger the mutation electric field value, the more intense the thundercloud activity at the corresponding sampling time, and the smaller the mutation electric field value, the more stable the thundercloud activity at the corresponding sampling time.

[0061] In some embodiments, determining the electric field energy generated on the ground after thundercloud discharge based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal can be achieved by the following steps:

[0062] Determine multiple electric field amplitudes of the electrostatic field signal, all electric field amplitudes are waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal;

[0063] The electric field energy generated on the ground after thundercloud discharge is determined by all electric field amplitudes.

[0064] In specific implementation, determining multiple electric field amplitudes of the electrostatic field signal can be achieved in the following manner, namely: first, after setting the time domain window length, determining the average value of the electrostatic field value in the time domain window at each sampling moment in the electrostatic field signal as the electric field amplitude at the corresponding sampling moment, thereby obtaining multiple electric field amplitudes of the electrostatic field signal; it should be noted that the time domain window length can be set according to the noise level of the electrostatic field signal. When the noise level of the electrostatic field signal is high, a larger time domain window length is set, and when the noise level of the electrostatic field signal is low, a smaller time domain window length is set.

[0065] In specific implementation, the electric field energy generated on the ground after thundercloud discharge can be determined by all electric field amplitudes in the following manner, namely: the absolute values ​​of the electric field amplitudes corresponding to all sampling moments are integrated within the sampling time period as the electric field energy generated on the ground after thundercloud discharge. In other embodiments, other methods may be used to determine the energy, which is not limited here.

[0066] It should be noted that the electric field amplitude described in the present application represents the intensity of the precision electric field signal at the corresponding sampling moment, and the electric field amplitude can reflect the stability of the ground electric field in the target area. The larger the electric field amplitude, the lower the stability of the ground electric field in the target area, and the smaller the electric field amplitude, the higher the stability of the ground electric field in the target area. In addition, the electric field energy can be used to characterize the activity time of thunderclouds in the target area. The larger the electric field energy, the longer the activity time of thunderclouds in the target area, and the smaller the electric field energy, the shorter the activity time of thunderclouds in the target area.

[0067] In step 103, a discharge detection model of a thundercloud is constructed by using the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values, and then a lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge detection model.

[0068] In some embodiments, constructing a discharge detection model of a thundercloud by using the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values ​​can be achieved by the following steps:

[0069] Set the discharge label corresponding to each sudden electric field value;

[0070] A discharge detection model of a thundercloud is constructed according to all discharge labels, all sudden electric field values ​​and the electric field energy.

[0071] In specific implementation, setting the discharge label corresponding to each mutation electric field value can be achieved in the following manner, namely: first, setting the breakdown discharge threshold of the mutation electric field value, selecting a mutation electric field value, and when the mutation electric field value is greater than or equal to the breakdown discharge threshold, setting the discharge label corresponding to the mutation electric field value to 1; when the mutation electric field value is less than the breakdown discharge threshold, setting the discharge label corresponding to the mutation electric field value to 0, repeating the above steps to determine the discharge labels corresponding to the remaining mutation electric field values.

[0072] refer to Figure 2As shown, this figure is a schematic diagram of the process of constructing a discharge detection model shown in some embodiments of the present application. In specific implementation, the discharge detection model of a thundercloud can be constructed in the following manner, namely: first, all sample data are divided into a training set and a test set, wherein one sample data includes a mutation electric field value and its corresponding discharge label. For example, 80% of the sample data is used as a training set, and 20% of the sample data is used as a test set. Then, the electric field energy and the sample data in the training set are used as model inputs, and a supervised learning algorithm is used to train the model, and the discharge probability obtained by training is used as the model output; the discharge probability model is further verified through the sample data in the test set, and the verified model is used as the discharge detection model in the present application.

[0073] In some embodiments, dividing the lightning warning area from the target area according to the discharge detection model can be achieved by using the following steps:

[0074] Dividing the target area into a plurality of target sub-areas according to the coverage range of the electric field sensor;

[0075] Determining the discharge probability of each target sub-area based on the discharge detection model;

[0076] The lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge probability of each target sub-area.

[0077] It should be noted that the electric field sensor can sense electric field signals within a certain range (i.e., coverage range). In addition, the coverage range described in the present application refers to a circular range with the detection distance of the electric field sensor as the radius. In addition, the target sub-area refers to a part of the geographical area covered by the electric field sensor within the target area. Therefore, in specific implementation, the target area is divided into multiple target sub-areas through the coverage range of the electric field sensor. The following method can be used, namely: first, after obtaining the geographical range of the target area through a geographic information system, the geographical range is used as input, and a grid division algorithm in the prior art is used to divide the target area into multiple target sub-areas. The geographical scope of the target area is divided into multiple square grids (i.e., a grid map of the geographical scope of the target area). Then, through the sub-area division algorithm in the prior art, the overlapping area between the coverage range of each electric field sensor and the grid map is determined as multiple initial sub-areas of the target area. Subsequently, after defining the objective function as minimizing the overlapping area of ​​the coverage range, the objective function is used as input, and the simulated annealing algorithm in the prior art is used to adjust the distribution pattern of each initial sub-area. Finally, each adjusted initial sub-area is used as multiple target sub-areas of the target area. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used to achieve this, which is not limited here.

[0078] It should be noted that the discharge probability described in the present application refers to the probability of thundercloud discharge occurring in the target sub-area within a certain period of time; in specific implementation, the discharge probability of each target sub-area determined based on the discharge detection model can be achieved in the following manner, namely: first, a target sub-area is selected, and the mutation electric field value corresponding to the multiple electrostatic field values ​​collected by the electric field sensor in the target sub-area is obtained, and then the above process of determining the electric field energy from the mutation electric field value is repeated to obtain the electric field energy in the target sub-area, and then all the mutation electric field values ​​and the electric field energy are used as the input of the discharge detection model, thereby using the output result of the discharge detection model as the discharge probability of the target sub-area, and repeating the above steps to determine the discharge probability of the remaining target sub-areas.

[0079] In specific implementation, dividing the lightning warning area from the target area according to the discharge probability of each target sub-area can be achieved in the following manner, namely: first, setting a discharge warning threshold, and then, when the discharge probability of the target sub-area is greater than or equal to the discharge warning threshold, the target sub-area is used as a warning sub-area, and when the discharge probability of the target sub-area is less than the discharge warning threshold, no processing is performed, thereby obtaining multiple warning sub-areas, and finally, the overlapping area of ​​all warning sub-areas on the target area is used as the lightning warning area in this application. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for implementation, which are not limited here.

[0080] In step 104, the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area is obtained, and then the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area are fitted based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution. The positioning features and the waveform features of the electrostatic field signal are fused and correlated to obtain the movement trend of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area.

[0081] In specific implementation, after setting multiple observation points at different positions in the target area, an electromagnetic field sensor can be installed at each observation point to detect the position of each ground lightning event in the lightning warning area. After the positions of all ground lightning events form a lightning protection monitoring database for the target area, the historical ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area can be obtained from the lightning protection monitoring database. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for implementation, which are not limited here.

[0082] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 As shown, this figure is a schematic diagram of the process of determining positioning features shown in some embodiments of the present application. The positioning features of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area can be fitted based on the historical ground lightning distribution and can be implemented by the following steps:

[0083] First, in 1041, the location distribution coordinates of each ground-to-ground flash point in the historical ground-to-ground flash distribution are obtained;

[0084] Then, in 1042, the position centroids of multiple thunderclouds are fitted through the position distribution coordinates of all ground flash points;

[0085] Then, in 1043, the position coordinates of the observation points corresponding to the centroids of each position are obtained;

[0086] Finally, in 1044, the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area are determined according to the position centroids of all thunderclouds and the position coordinates of the observation points corresponding to the position centroids.

[0087] In the specific implementation, fitting the position centroids of multiple thunderclouds through the position distribution coordinates of all ground flash points can be achieved in the following way, namely: first, after determining the Euclidean distance between the position distribution coordinates of every two ground flash points by the Euclidean distance algorithm in the prior art, all Euclidean distances are used as the similarities between every two ground flash points, and then all similarities are used as input, and the K-means clustering algorithm in the prior art is used to output multiple point clusters composed of ground flash points, and then the center point of each point cluster is used as the position centroid of a thundercloud, so as to obtain the position centroid of the thundercloud corresponding to each point cluster. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for implementation, which are not limited here.

[0088] It should be noted that the present application takes the observation point closest to the position centroid of the thundercloud as the observation point corresponding to the position centroid of the thundercloud. Therefore, as a preferred embodiment, the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area are determined based on the position centroids of all thunderclouds and the position coordinates of the observation points corresponding to each position centroid. This can be achieved in the following manner, namely: first, select the position centroid of a thundercloud, obtain the position coordinates of the observation point corresponding to the thundercloud, then determine the distance between the position centroid and the position coordinates of the observation point, repeat the above steps, determine the results corresponding to the remaining thunderclouds, and finally, take the average of the results corresponding to all thunderclouds as the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area.

[0089] It should be noted that the positioning features described in the present application can be used to characterize the activity range of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area. The larger the positioning features, the wider the activity range of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area. The smaller the positioning features, the smaller the activity range of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area.

[0090] In some embodiments, the following steps may be used to fuse and associate the positioning feature with the waveform feature of the electrostatic field signal to obtain the movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area:

[0091] Acquire multiple electric field amplitudes corresponding to the electrostatic field signal waveform characteristics;

[0092] Determining the electric field disturbance degree of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area through all electric field amplitudes;

[0093] Determine the position factor of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area according to the positioning feature;

[0094] The movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area is determined based on the electric field disturbance degree and the location factor.

[0095] In specific implementation, determining the electric field disturbance degree of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area through all electric field amplitudes can be achieved in the following manner, namely: taking the variance of multiple electric field amplitudes corresponding to the electrostatic field signal waveform characteristics as the electric field disturbance degree of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area; as a preferred embodiment, determining the position factor of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area according to the positioning feature can be achieved in the following manner, namely: taking the inverse of the positioning feature plus 1 as the position factor of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area; in addition, as a preferred embodiment, determining the movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area based on the electric field disturbance degree and the position factor can be achieved in the following manner, namely: taking the product of the electric field disturbance degree and the position factor as the movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area.

[0096] It should be noted that the electric field disturbance degree described in the present application can be used to characterize the degree of electric field fluctuation caused by thunderclouds in the lightning warning area. The greater the electric field disturbance degree, the higher the degree of electric field fluctuation caused by thunderclouds in the lightning warning area, and the smaller the electric field disturbance degree, the lower the degree of electric field fluctuation caused by thunderclouds in the lightning warning area. In addition, the position factor reflects the position characteristics of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area. The larger the position factor, the activities of thunderclouds are mainly concentrated at the edge of the lightning warning area, that is, the risk of lightning strike is lower. The smaller the position factor, the closer the thundercloud is to or has affected the core part of the lightning warning area, that is, the risk of lightning strike in the lightning warning area increases. The present application combines the two indicators of electric field disturbance degree and position factor through the movement trend, thereby reflecting the movement trend of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area. The larger the movement trend, the thundercloud is approaching the lightning warning area, and the smaller the movement trend, the thundercloud is moving away from the lightning warning area.

[0097] In step 105, a lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area is established according to the movement trend, and lightning strike early warning monitoring is performed on the target area according to the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0098] In some embodiments, establishing the lightning strike risk factor of the target area according to the movement trend may be achieved by the following steps:

[0099] Determine the center coordinates of the lightning warning area;

[0100] The lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area is determined by the central position coordinates of the lightning warning area and the movement trend.

[0101] It should be noted that after determining the lightning warning area, the center position coordinates of the lightning warning area can be determined by taking the position coordinates of the geometric center of the lightning warning area as the center position coordinates of the lightning warning area. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine the center position coordinates, which are not limited here.

[0102] In specific implementation, the lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area can be determined by the central position coordinates of the lightning warning area and the moving trend in the following manner, namely: first, the position centroid of each thundercloud in the lightning warning area is obtained, and then the distance between the centroid of each position and the central position coordinates is determined; finally, the trend association feature corresponding to the moving trend is multiplied by the average value of all distances and the result is used as the lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area.

[0103] It should be noted that the lightning strike risk coefficient described in the present application characterizes the degree of lightning strike risk in the target area. The larger the lightning strike risk coefficient, the higher the degree of lightning strike risk in the target area, and the smaller the lightning strike risk coefficient, the lower the degree of lightning strike risk in the target area.

[0104] In some embodiments, the lightning strike early warning monitoring of the target area according to the lightning strike risk coefficient can be implemented by the following steps:

[0105] Set the lightning warning threshold for the target area;

[0106] The target area is monitored for lightning strike warning using the lightning strike warning threshold and the lightning strike risk factor.

[0107] In specific implementation, the lightning strike warning threshold can be set according to the terrain conditions in the target area. For example, in terrain conditions with frequent lightning activity such as mountainous areas or coastal areas, a lower lightning strike warning threshold is set; in areas with less lightning activity such as plains, a higher lightning strike warning threshold is set, thereby improving the efficiency of lightning protection monitoring in the target area.

[0108] In specific implementation, the lightning strike warning monitoring of the target area can be achieved through the lightning strike warning threshold and the lightning strike risk coefficient in the following manner, namely: when the lightning strike risk coefficient is greater than or equal to the lightning strike warning threshold, it is judged that the target area has a high lightning strike risk, and a warning information is sent to the lightning strike monitoring center of the target area; when the lightning strike risk coefficient is less than the lightning strike warning threshold, no processing is performed.

[0109] In addition, in another aspect of the present application, in some embodiments, the present application provides a lightning protection monitoring system, referring to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lightning protection monitoring system according to some embodiments of the present application, the lightning protection monitoring system includes: a detection module 201, a processing module 202 and an execution module 203 are respectively described as follows:

[0110] Detection module 201, in the present application, the detection module 201 is mainly used to detect the electrostatic field signal on the ground in the target area through an electric field sensor;

[0111] Processing module 202, in the present application, the processing module 202 is mainly used to perform mutation reconstruction on the electrostatic field signal, obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharge, and determine the electric field energy generated on the ground after the thundercloud discharge based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal;

[0112] In addition, the processing module 202 in the present application is also used to construct a discharge detection model of a thundercloud through the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values, and then divide a lightning warning area from the target area according to the discharge detection model;

[0113] In addition, the processing module 202 in the present application is also used to obtain the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area, and then fit the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution, and fuse and associate the positioning features with the waveform features of the electrostatic field signal to obtain the movement trend of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area;

[0114] The execution module 203 in the present application is mainly used to establish a lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area through the movement trend, and perform lightning strike early warning monitoring on the target area according to the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0115] In addition, the present application also provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores codes, and the processor is configured to obtain the codes and execute the above-mentioned lightning protection monitoring method.

[0116] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 , which is an internal structure diagram of a computer device for implementing a lightning protection monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present application. The lightning protection monitoring method in the above embodiment can be Figure 5 The computer device shown in the figure is implemented, and the computer device includes at least one processor 301, a communication bus 302, a memory 303 and at least one communication interface 304.

[0117] The processor 301 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or one or more processors for controlling the execution of the lightning protection monitoring method in the present application.

[0118] The communication bus 302 is used to transmit information between the above components.

[0119] The memory 303 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compressed optical disc, a laser disc, an optical disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 303 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 301 via the communication bus 302. The memory 303 may also be integrated with the processor 301.

[0120] The memory 303 is used to store the program code for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 301. The processor 301 is used to execute the program code stored in the memory 303. The program code may include one or more software modules. The lightning protection monitoring method in the above embodiment can be implemented by the processor 301 and one or more software modules in the program code in the memory 303.

[0121] The communication interface 304 uses any transceiver or other device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.

[0122] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, a computer device may include multiple processors, each of which may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0123] The above-mentioned computer device may be a general-purpose computer device or a special-purpose computer device. In a specific implementation, the computer device may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, a communication device or an embedded device. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of computer device.

[0124] In addition, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned lightning protection monitoring method is implemented.

[0125] In summary, in the lightning protection monitoring method, system, device and storage medium disclosed in the embodiments of the present application, the electrostatic field signal on the ground in the target area is detected by an electric field sensor; the electrostatic field signal is mutated and reconstructed to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​of the ground after the thundercloud discharges, and the electric field energy generated by the ground after the thundercloud discharges is determined based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal; a discharge detection model of the thundercloud is constructed by the electric field energy and all mutation electric field values, and then a lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge detection model; the historical ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area is obtained, and then the positioning characteristics of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area are fitted based on the historical ground lightning distribution, and the positioning characteristics and the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal are fused and correlated to obtain the movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area; the lightning strike risk coefficient of the target area is established by the movement trend, and the target area is monitored for lightning strike warning based on the lightning strike risk coefficient; short-term monitoring and warning of lightning can be achieved in local areas of specific terrain.

[0126] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0127] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A lightning protection monitoring method, characterized in that: The steps include: Detecting the electrostatic field signal on the ground in the target area by using an electric field sensor; Performing mutation reconstruction on the electrostatic field signal to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges, and determining the electric field energy generated on the ground after the thundercloud discharges based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal; A discharge detection model of a thundercloud is constructed by using the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values, and then a lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge detection model; Obtaining the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area, and then fitting the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution, fusing and correlating the positioning features with the waveform features of the electrostatic field signal, and obtaining the movement trend of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area; Establishing a lightning strike risk coefficient for the target area through the movement trend, and performing lightning strike early warning monitoring on the target area according to the lightning strike risk coefficient; The fusion and association of the positioning feature and the waveform feature of the electrostatic field signal to obtain the movement trend of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area specifically includes: Acquire multiple electric field amplitudes corresponding to the electrostatic field signal waveform characteristics; Determining the electric field disturbance degree of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area through all electric field amplitudes; Determine the position factor of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area according to the positioning feature; Determining a movement trend of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the electric field disturbance degree and the location factor; The electric field disturbance degree is used to characterize the degree of electric field fluctuation caused by thunderclouds in the lightning warning area. The electric field disturbance degree of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area is determined by all electric field amplitudes in the following manner, namely: the variance of multiple electric field amplitudes corresponding to the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal is used as the electric field disturbance degree of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area; Among them, the position factor reflects the position characteristics of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area. The position factor of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area is determined according to the positioning characteristics in the following way, namely: the inverse of the positioning characteristics plus 1 is used as the position factor of the thundercloud in the lightning warning area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrostatic field signal is subjected to mutation reconstruction to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharge, specifically including: Setting mutation detection elements in the mutation reconstruction process; The electrostatic field signal is reconstructed into a plurality of sudden electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges through the sudden change detection element.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the electric field energy generated on the ground after thundercloud discharge based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal specifically includes: Determine multiple electric field amplitudes of the electrostatic field signal, all electric field amplitudes are waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal; The electric field energy generated on the ground after thundercloud discharge is determined by all electric field amplitudes.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The discharge detection model of thundercloud is constructed by using the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values, specifically including: Set the discharge label corresponding to each sudden electric field value; A discharge detection model of a thundercloud is constructed according to all discharge labels, all sudden electric field values ​​and the electric field energy.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Dividing the lightning warning area from the target area according to the discharge detection model specifically includes: Dividing the target area into a plurality of target sub-areas according to the coverage range of the electric field sensor; Determining the discharge probability of each target sub-area based on the discharge detection model; The lightning warning area is divided from the target area according to the discharge probability of each target sub-area.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Fitting the location features of thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution specifically includes: Obtaining the location distribution coordinates of each ground-to-ground flash point in the historical ground-to-ground flash distribution; The position centroids of multiple thunderclouds are fitted through the position distribution coordinates of all ground flash points; Get the position coordinates of the observation point corresponding to the centroid of each position; The positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area are determined according to the position centroids of all thunderclouds and the position coordinates of the observation points corresponding to the position centroids of each thundercloud.

7. A lightning protection monitoring system, which uses the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to perform lightning protection monitoring, characterized in that: The system includes: A detection module, used for detecting an electrostatic field signal on the ground in a target area through an electric field sensor; A processing module is used to perform mutation reconstruction on the electrostatic field signal to obtain multiple mutation electric field values ​​on the ground after the thundercloud discharges, and determine the electric field energy generated on the ground after the thundercloud discharges based on the waveform characteristics of the electrostatic field signal; The processing module is further used to construct a discharge detection model of a thundercloud through the electric field energy and all sudden electric field values, and then divide a lightning warning area from the target area according to the discharge detection model; The processing module is further used to obtain the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution in the lightning warning area, and then fit the positioning features of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area based on the historical ground-to-ground lightning distribution, and fuse and associate the positioning features with the waveform features of the electrostatic field signal to obtain the movement trend of the thunderclouds in the lightning warning area; An execution module is used to establish a lightning strike risk coefficient of a target area according to the movement trend, and perform lightning strike early warning monitoring on the target area according to the lightning strike risk coefficient.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the lightning protection monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the lightning protection monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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