A reciprocating shelling test device for cobs of maize

Abstract

This invention relates to a reciprocating corn threshing test device, designed to collect various parameters during the reciprocating corn threshing process to optimize the device and improve threshing efficiency and quality. The device includes a clamping power assembly, a slide rail tray assembly, and a base assembly. The clamping power assembly comprises a clamping mechanism and a power assembly. The clamping mechanism uses rubber conical side plates and a base plate to increase friction between the clamping mechanism and the broken corn ears, making the clamping more stable. The number of rubber conical base plates can be adjusted according to the size of the broken ears. The power assembly uses internal and external adjustment discs to regulate the swaying amplitude, offering simple operation and a wide adjustment range. The slide rail tray assembly uses a cutter with slide rails, allowing switching between two different test modes: a fixed relative position between the cutter head and the corn kernels, and a constant external force applied to the surface of the corn kernels by the cutter head. These designs help reduce labor and improve the accuracy of test data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of detection technology, and more specifically, to a test device for the reciprocating peeling of fragmented corn ears and kernels. Background Technology

[0002] Corn threshing is a crucial process in mechanized corn harvesting and significantly impacts the quality of the harvest. Reciprocating low-load corn threshing devices can greatly reduce kernel damage during mechanized threshing. To optimize and improve existing reciprocating corn cob threshing devices, it is necessary to measure the influencing factors when applying a reciprocating low load to the corn kernel surface to peel off the kernels. These factors mainly include the amplitude of shaking, the coefficient of friction, the number of shaking cycles, and the magnitude of the applied external force. Therefore, inventing a reciprocating peeling test device for broken corn cob kernels is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology cannot measure parameters such as shaking amplitude, friction coefficient, shaking frequency and applied external force during the reciprocating threshing process of broken corn ears. The present invention provides a test device for reciprocating peeling of broken corn ears kernels.

[0004] A test device for reciprocating peeling of corn cob kernels includes a clamping power assembly, a slide rail tray assembly, and a base assembly. The clamping power assembly is bolted to a connecting seat and located directly below a fixed blade in the slide rail tray assembly. The slide rail tray assembly is located above the base assembly and is bolted to the upper surface of the base assembly. The base assembly forms the base of the entire test device and is located at the bottom of the entire test device, used to mount the slide rail tray assembly.

[0005] The clamping power assembly includes a clamping mechanism and a power assembly; the clamping mechanism is located on the upper left side of the clamping power assembly and is fixed to the upper end face of the connecting seat by four bolts; the power assembly is located on the left and lower side of the entire clamping power assembly and is fixed to the slide rail tray assembly by bolts.

[0006] The clamping mechanism includes a handwheel, a locking nut, a push plate, two rubber conical side plates, three rubber conical bottom plates, several magnetic pads, a fixing frame, two fastening bolts, and a connecting plate.

[0007] The handwheel consists of a turntable, a threaded rod installed at the center of the turntable end face, and a buckle at the top of the threaded rod. The threaded rod passes through the threaded hole and locking nut at the center of the left vertical plate of the fixed frame. The buckle at the top of the threaded rod is installed in the circular blind hole at the center of the push plate end face and is fixed by fixing bolts on the two side end faces of the push plate.

[0008] The locking nut is installed on the threaded rod in the handwheel, located on the outside of the left vertical plate of the fixing frame. After the handwheel adjustment is completed, tighten the locking nut to fix the handwheel and the push plate connected to its top.

[0009] The push plate is a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 15mm. Both sides of the top have 10mm chamfers. A circular blind hole is opened at the center of the front face. The blind hole is connected to the buckle at the top of the handwheel and is fixed by fixing bolts on the left and right end faces. Adjusting the tightness of the fixing bolts can make the handwheel rotate relative to the push plate.

[0010] The two rubber conical side plates are rectangular in shape and covered with small square pyramids on their surface; they are respectively attached to the right end face of the push plate and the left end face of the right side upright plate of the fixing frame; they are used to increase the friction between them during the clamping of broken corn cobs and prevent the movement of broken corn cobs during the test from affecting the accuracy of the test data.

[0011] The outer contours of the three rubber conical base plates are all cuboid in shape, with the upper surface covered with small rubber quadrangular pyramids, and the lower main body is made of 45 steel; the three rubber conical base plates face upwards and are fixed to the upper end of the magnetic pad below with their sides attached.

[0012] The aforementioned magnetic pads are all rectangular plate-shaped pads, and different sizes can be changed according to the requirements of the broken fruit bunch rack. They can also be stacked to change the support height. The lower end face is adsorbed onto the cross-section of the fixed frame base plate, and the upper end face is magnetically adsorbed to fix the rubber conical base plate.

[0013] The fixing frame is welded together by two upright plates on the left and right sides and a bottom plate placed horizontally in the middle at the bottom. A threaded hole is opened in the center of the left upright plate to cooperate with the threaded rod at the front end of the handwheel to realize the feeding and retraction of the push plate. A rubber conical side plate is pasted on the left end face of the right upright plate. A 30mm diameter round hole is opened in the center of the lower end face of the bottom plate, and a 10mm diameter threaded hole is opened on both the front and rear side faces. The two threaded holes are connected to the round hole in the center and are used to fix the bottom connecting plate.

[0014] The two fastening bolts are 10mm in diameter and each has a nut. They are installed in the threaded holes at the center of the front and rear end faces of the base plate of the fixing frame to fasten the fixing frame and the connecting plate below.

[0015] The connecting plate is a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 15mm. A cylindrical column with a diameter of 30mm is welded to the center. There is a bolt hole at each of the four corners of the upper and lower end faces. The circular column welded to the center of the upper end face passes through the circular hole in the center of the lower end face of the base plate below the fixing frame, thus connecting the two. At the same time, the fixing frame can rotate around the cylindrical column in the center of the upper end face of the connecting plate. When the fastening bolts are tightened, the two are fixed together.

[0016] The powertrain includes a motor, an inner adjustment disc, an outer adjustment disc, a double-head connector, a large bearing, a small bearing, a connecting seat, a mounting seat, a slide rail, a displacement sensor, and a counting sensor;

[0017] The motor is located at the very end of the entire test device and is fixed to the mounting bracket by four bolts; the power output shaft on the motor has a keyway and is fixed by a key and a circular through hole with a keyway in the center of the inner adjusting plate; it is responsible for providing power to the entire test device.

[0018] The inner adjusting plate is a 10mm thick, 115mm diameter disc. A cylinder with a flat keyway inside is welded to the center of the rear end face. A keyway is opened on the front end face and connected to the outer adjusting plate by a flat key. Along the direction of the keyway on the front end face, there are two elongated through holes on each side of the keyway on the front end face of the inner adjusting plate. The four elongated through holes are fixed to the outer adjusting plate by a bolt. The four bolts in the four elongated through holes can move the outer adjusting plate along the direction of the keyway on the front end face of the inner adjusting plate to adjust the eccentricity.

[0019] The outer adjusting plate is a 10mm thick, 100mm diameter disc with a keyway in the center, which is connected to the inner adjusting plate using a flat key. A cylindrical shaft is welded to the center of the outer end face, which passes through the inside of the large bearing and is fixed to the double-ended connector. There are four threaded holes around the disc. Bolts pass through the four elongated through holes of the inner adjusting plate and the four threaded holes around the outer adjusting plate to fix the inner and outer adjusting plates together.

[0020] The dual-head connector is formed by welding two threaded shafts of different diameters to two cylinders of different diameters. The thicker shaft end is welded to the center of the outer side of the larger diameter cylinder, while the thinner shaft end is fixed to the center of the outer side of the smaller diameter cylinder by welding. The threaded ends of the two shafts are connected and fixed together by nuts to form a whole. The larger diameter cylinder is located at the front end of the outer adjustment plate and is fixed to the large bearing on the outer side of the cylindrical shaft at the center of the outer adjustment plate by a snap ring. At the same time, the smaller diameter cylinder is located at the two columns on the right side of the base frame and is fixed to the small bearing at the center of the two columns by a snap ring.

[0021] The large bearing has an outer diameter of 52mm and an inner diameter of 20mm; the inner ring and the outer adjusting plate are fixed together by a cylindrical shaft welded at the center, and the outer ring is fixed inside the large diameter cylinder of the double-headed connector by a snap ring.

[0022] The small bearing has an outer diameter of 30mm and an inner diameter of 10mm; the inner ring is fixed between two columns on the right side of the base frame, and the outer ring is fixed inside the small diameter cylinder of the double-headed connector by a snap ring.

[0023] The main body of the connecting seat is a 10mm thick steel plate. The whole is a rectangular plate with two 30mm chamfers on the right side. Two columns are welded on the upper surface of the middle of the chamfer. Each column has a circular through hole at the top and is fixed by bolts and the inner ring of a small bearing.

[0024] The mounting base consists of an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting base, which are fixed together by four bolts. The upper mounting plate has circular through holes at each of its four corners, which are fixed to the connecting plate by bolts. The lower mounting base has a circular through hole at the center of its left and right end faces, and two cylindrical slide rails inside the slide rail pass through the circular through holes to connect the two. A small elliptical cylinder is welded to the center of the lower part of the front end face of the lower mounting base to cooperate with the counting sensor to complete the counting operation.

[0025] The slide rail consists of a lower fixed plate, two left and right side upright plates, and two cylindrical slide rails at the upper part of the interior. The lower fixed plate is bolted to fix the entire slide rail to the base frame. The two upright plates on the left and right sides are used to fix the two cylindrical slide rails. The two cylindrical slide rails pass through two cylindrical through holes at the center of the lower part of the sliding base below the mounting base, so as to enable the mounting base to drive the mechanism above to slide left and right along the slide rail.

[0026] The displacement sensor is installed in a circular through hole on the left end face of the left side plate of the slide rail, and is used to record the displacement of the mounting base sliding left and right.

[0027] The counting sensor is magnetically mounted on the center of the front end face of the mounting plate under the slide rail; it is used to record the number of times the mounting base slides left and right.

[0028] The slide rail tray assembly includes a base frame, mounting bracket, long arm, long groove, connecting plate, long arm stop bolt, slide rail mounting seat, slide rail stop bolt, weight, weight pan, slide knife and cutter head;

[0029] The base frame is welded from 10mm thick steel plates and consists of an upper long plate, a lower short plate, left and right side support plates, and a right triangular rib. The upper long plate has four 7mm diameter circular through holes on its upper left side for fixing the slide rails with bolts. The right side has four 12mm diameter circular through holes for fixing the frame to the mounting bracket with bolts. The lower short plate has one 8mm diameter circular through hole at each of its four corners for bolting the entire base frame to the upper surface of the base assembly.

[0030] The mounting bracket is fixed to the upper right of the base frame with four 12mm diameter bolts and is made of welded steel plates. A motor mounting base is welded to the middle part of the rear side, and the motor is fixed to the mounting bracket with four bolts. The left and right sides are welded into double column-shaped clamps, and the top of each clamp has a circular through hole with the same axis and diameter in the front and back direction for placing and fixing the long arm.

[0031] The long arm is a rectangular plate with a long groove on the front and back right side. It is installed on the upper right side of the mounting frame with a bolt that has a threaded end and an optical axis in the middle. The long arm can rotate relative to the mounting frame. The left and right sides are placed flush between the clamps on the upper left side of the mounting frame. The clamps have circular through holes on both sides. The long arm can be fixed to the top of the mounting frame with the long arm stop bolt.

[0032] The connecting plate is a rectangular steel plate, which is welded to the left end face of the long arm. There is a bolt hole with a diameter of 8mm in the middle of the upper side of the right end face for connecting with the slide rail stop bolt. The lower half has four circular through holes with a diameter of 5mm, and the slide rail mounting seat is fixed to the left end face of the connecting plate by bolts.

[0033] The slide rail mounting base is formed entirely of square steel through cutting. It has four threaded blind holes with a diameter of 5mm that are evenly distributed on the right side and are fixed by bolts and connecting plates. A sliding groove is opened on the left end face, which cooperates and contacts the slide rail fixed on the right side of the slide knife. The slide knife can slide relative to the slide rail mounting base.

[0034] The weight pan is fixed to the upper surface of the slide knife by welding. It is a cubic box with an open top, containing weights, and the weights are replaceable.

[0035] The slide cutter consists of a top welding plate, a right-side small guide rail, and a left-side fixed blade. The top welding plate is fixed to the weight plate by welding. The right-side guide rail is fixed in the slide rail on the left side of the slide rail mounting base. The left-side fixed blade is a long strip steel plate, which is fixed to the right-side guide rail by two countersunk bolts with a diameter of 4mm. The entire slide cutter can slide relative to the slide rail mounting base.

[0036] The blade head is attached to the lower end face of the fixed blade on the left side of the slide blade, and different materials can be replaced as needed during the test.

[0037] The base assembly is located at the bottom of the entire test bench and includes a transverse guide rail assembly, a bidirectional connecting seat, a longitudinal guide rail assembly, a rotating base, and a fixed base.

[0038] The horizontal guide rail assembly is located at the top of the entire base assembly and includes an upper guide rail surface, a horizontal guide rail body, and a threaded rod handwheel. The upper guide rail surface is fixed to the base frame by bolts. The threaded rod handwheel passes through the threaded hole on the upper surface of the horizontal guide rail body and the bidirectional connecting seat. Rotating the handwheel can realize the left and right horizontal translation of the entire horizontal guide rail assembly and its components relative to the fixed base.

[0039] The bidirectional connecting seat has dovetail grooves on both the upper and lower end faces in the vertical direction, which can be connected to the lower end face of the transverse guide rail assembly and the upper end face of the longitudinal guide rail assembly. Threaded holes are also provided in the middle of the dovetail grooves for connecting to the threaded rod handwheels on the transverse guide rail assembly and the longitudinal guide rail assembly.

[0040] The longitudinal guide rail assembly is located below the bidirectional connecting seat and includes a longitudinal guide rail body and a longitudinal threaded rod handwheel. The upper end face of the guide rail body is connected to the dovetail groove at the lower end face of the bidirectional connecting seat. The threaded rod in the longitudinal threaded rod handwheel passes through the threaded hole in the lower end face of the bidirectional connecting seat, and the lower end face is fixed to the upper end face of the rotating base by bolts. Rotating the handwheel can realize the longitudinal translation of the entire longitudinal guide rail assembly and its components relative to the fixed base.

[0041] The rotating base consists of two overlapping discs. The upper disc has a long strip-shaped through hole on both the left and right sides of its upper surface. It is fixed to the lower disc with bolts. Loosening the bolts can cause the upper disc to rotate relative to the lower disc and drive the components on it to rotate.

[0042] The fixed base is a rectangular plate with a thickness of 10mm, which is fixed to the lower disc of the rotating base by bolts.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] 1. The pressure of the blade is set by increasing or decreasing the weights. This design allows the test device to be used in a universal threshing test machine, which is simple, convenient and has no geographical limitations.

[0045] 2. A sliding blade applies pressure to the surface of the kernels on the corn cob. This pressure is constant, and the blade will slide down during the kernel tilting process, without changing with the shaking and tilting of the corn kernels.

[0046] 3. The clamping mechanism uses a small rubber cone surface inside, which can fix the broken corn cobs more firmly and prevent them from falling off. The combination of small magnets and small rubber cone base plates can handle broken corn cobs of different shapes and sizes.

[0047] 4. Use the inner and outer adjustment dials to adjust the sway amplitude of the clamping mechanism. The adjustment is more convenient and the adjustment range is larger during the test. The maximum sway amplitude can reach 30mm.

[0048] 5. The long arm has a groove on the right side, which can be adjusted back and forth to adjust the position of the cutter head; the long arm is fixed by a stop bolt, making it convenient to raise, lower and fix during the test.

[0049] 6. A slide rail stop bolt is installed on the right side of the slide cutter to fix the position of the cutter head. During the test, it is possible to switch between two modes: applying a constant force to the surface of the corn kernels and fixing the position relatively.

[0050] 7. The application of displacement sensors and counting sensors can greatly reduce the labor intensity during the test process and improve the accuracy of test data. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is the assembly drawing of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is an assembly drawing of the clamping power assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is an assembly drawing of the powertrain of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the powertrain of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is an assembly drawing of the slide rail tray assembly of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the slide rail tray assembly of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 This is an assembly drawing of the base assembly of the present invention.

[0059] In the diagram: A. Clamping power assembly; B. Slide rail tray assembly; C. Base assembly; 1. Clamping mechanism; 2. Power assembly; 3. Handwheel; 4. Locking nut; 5. Push plate; 6. Rubber conical side plate; 7. Rubber conical bottom plate; 8. Magnetic pad; 9. Fixing bracket; 10. Fastening bolt; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Motor; 13. Inner adjusting plate; 14. Outer adjusting plate; 15. Double-ended connector; 16. Large bearing; 17. Small bearing; 18. Connecting seat; 19. 20. Mounting base; 21. Slide rail; 22. Displacement sensor; 23. Counting sensor; 24. Base frame; 25. Mounting bracket; 26. Long arm; 27. Long slot; 28. Connecting plate; 29. ​​Long arm stop bolt; 30. Slide rail mounting base; 31. Slide rail stop bolt; 32. Weight; 33. Weight pan; 34. Sliding knife; 35. Knife head; 36. Transverse guide rail assembly; 37. Two-way connecting base; 38. Longitudinal guide rail assembly; 39. Rotating base; 30. Fixed base. Detailed Implementation

[0060] See Figure 1A test device for reciprocating peeling of corn cob kernels includes a clamping power assembly (A), a slide rail tray assembly (B), and a base assembly (C). The clamping power assembly is installed above the connecting seat (18) by bolts (A) and is located directly below the fixing blade (33) in the slide rail tray assembly (B). The slide rail tray assembly (B) is located above the base assembly (C) and is fixed to the upper surface of the base assembly (C) by bolts. The base assembly (C) is the base of the entire test device and is located at the bottom of the entire test device for mounting the slide rail tray assembly (B).

[0061] See Figure 2 The clamping power assembly (A) includes a clamping mechanism (1) and a power assembly (2); the clamping mechanism (1) is located on the upper left side of the clamping power assembly (A) and is fixed to the upper end face of the connecting seat (18) by 4 bolts; the power assembly (2) is located on the left side and below the entire clamping power assembly (A) and is fixed to the slide rail tray assembly (B) by bolts.

[0062] See Figure 3 The clamping mechanism (1) includes a handwheel (3), a locking nut (4), a push plate (5), two rubber conical side plates (6), three rubber conical bottom plates (7), several magnetic pads (8), a fixing frame (9), two fastening bolts (10) and a connecting plate (11);

[0063] The handwheel (3) consists of a turntable, a threaded rod installed at the center of the turntable end face, and a buckle at the top of the threaded rod. The threaded rod passes through the threaded hole and the locking nut (4) at the center of the left side plate of the fixing frame (9). The buckle at the top of the threaded rod is installed in the circular blind hole at the center of the end face of the push plate (5) and is fixed by the fixing bolts on the two side end faces of the push plate (5).

[0064] The locking nut (4) is installed on the threaded rod in the handwheel (3) and is located on the outside of the left side plate of the fixing frame (9). After the handwheel (3) is adjusted, the locking nut (4) is tightened to fix the handwheel (3) and the push plate (5) connected to its top.

[0065] The push plate (5) is a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 15mm. Both sides of the plate have 10mm chamfers. A circular blind hole is opened at the center of the front face. The blind hole is connected to the buckle at the top of the handwheel (3) and fixed by the fixing bolts on the left and right ends. Adjusting the tightness of the fixing bolts can make the handwheel (3) rotate relative to the push plate (5).

[0066] The two rubber cone side plates (6) are rectangular in shape and covered with small square pyramids on their surface; they are respectively attached to the right end face of the push plate (5) and the left end face of the right side upright plate of the fixing frame (9); in order to increase the friction between them during the clamping of broken corn ears and prevent the movement of broken ears during the test from affecting the accuracy of the test data.

[0067] The outer contours of the three rubber conical base plates (7) are all rectangular, with the upper surface covered with small rubber quadrangular pyramids, and the lower body is made of No. 45 steel; the three rubber conical base plates (7) have their conical surfaces facing upwards and their sides are attached to the upper end of the magnetic pad (8) below.

[0068] The aforementioned magnetic pads (8) are all rectangular plate-shaped pads. Different sizes can be changed according to the requirements of the broken fruit ears frame. They can also be stacked to change the support height. The lower end face is adsorbed on the cross-section of the base plate of the fixed frame (9), and the upper end face is magnetically adsorbed to fix the rubber conical base plate (7).

[0069] The fixing frame (9) is welded together by two upright plates on the left and right sides and a bottom plate placed horizontally in the middle of the lower end; a threaded hole is opened in the center of the left upright plate, which is used to cooperate with the threaded rod at the front end of the handwheel (3) to realize the feeding and retraction of the push plate (5); a rubber conical side plate (6) is pasted on the left end face of the right upright plate; a round hole with a diameter of 30mm is opened in the center of the lower end face of the bottom plate, and a threaded hole with a diameter of 10mm is opened on both the front and rear side faces. The two threaded holes are connected to the round hole in the center, which is used to fix it to the connecting plate (11) below.

[0070] The two fastening bolts (10) are 10mm in diameter and each has a nut. They are installed in the threaded holes at the center of the front and rear end faces of the base plate of the fixing frame (9) to fasten the fixing frame (9) and the connecting plate (11) below.

[0071] The connecting plate (11) is a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 15mm. A cylindrical column with a diameter of 30mm is welded at the center. A bolt hole is opened at each of the four corners of the upper and lower end faces. The circular column welded at the center of the upper end face passes through the circular hole at the center of the lower end face of the bottom plate below the fixing frame (9). The connection between the two is realized. At the same time, the fixing frame (9) can rotate around the cylindrical column at the center of the upper end face of the connecting plate (11). When the fastening bolt (10) is tightened, the two are fixed together.

[0072] See Figures 4 to 5 The powertrain (2) includes a motor (12), an inner adjustment disc (13), an outer adjustment disc (14), a double-head connector (15), a large bearing (16), a small bearing (17), a connecting seat (18), a mounting seat (19), a slide rail (20), a displacement sensor (21), and a counting sensor (22).

[0073] The motor (12) is located at the very end of the entire test device and is fixed to the mounting bracket (24) by four bolts; the power output shaft on the motor (12) has a flat keyway and is fixed by a flat key and a circular through hole with a keyway at the center of the inner adjusting plate (13); it is responsible for providing power to the entire test device.

[0074] The inner adjusting plate (13) is a disc with a thickness of 10mm and a diameter of 115mm. A cylinder with a flat key and a keyway inside is fixed to the center of the rear end face by welding. A keyway is opened on the front end face and connected to the outer adjusting plate (14) by a flat key. Along the direction of the keyway on the front end face, two elongated through holes are opened on each side of the keyway on the front end face of the inner adjusting plate (13). The four elongated through holes are fixed to the outer adjusting plate (14) by a bolt. The four bolts in the four elongated through holes can move the outer adjusting plate (14) along the direction of the keyway on the front end face of the inner adjusting plate (13) to adjust the eccentricity.

[0075] The outer adjusting plate (14) is a 10mm thick, 100mm diameter disc with a keyway in the center. It is connected to the inner adjusting plate (13) using a flat key. A cylindrical shaft is welded to the center of the outer end face, which passes through the inside of the large bearing (16) and is fixed to the double-headed connector (15). There are four threaded holes around the disc. Bolts pass through the four elongated through holes of the inner adjusting plate (13) and the four threaded holes around the outer adjusting plate (14) to fix the inner adjusting plate (13) and the outer adjusting plate (14) together.

[0076] The double-headed connector (15) is formed by welding the outer ends of two shafts with different diameters and threads on the top to two cylinders with different diameters. The thicker shaft end is welded to the center of the outer side of the larger diameter cylinder, and the thinner shaft end is fixed to the center of the outer side of the smaller diameter cylinder by welding. The two shaft ends are connected and fixed by nuts to form a whole. The larger diameter cylinder is located at the front end of the outer adjustment plate (14), and the large bearing (16) on the outer side of the cylindrical shaft at the center of the outer adjustment plate (14) is fixed by a snap ring. At the same time, the smaller diameter cylinder is located at the two columns on the right side of the base frame (23), and the small bearing (17) installed at the center of the two columns is fixed by a snap ring.

[0077] The large bearing (16) has an outer diameter of 52mm and an inner diameter of 20mm; the inner ring and the cylindrical shaft welded at the center of the outer adjusting plate (14) are fixed together, and the outer ring is fixed inside the large diameter cylinder of the double-headed connector (15) by a snap ring;

[0078] The small bearing (17) has an outer diameter of 30mm and an inner diameter of 10mm; the inner ring is fixed between the two columns on the right side of the base frame (23), and the outer ring is fixed inside the small diameter cylinder of the double-headed connector (15) by a snap ring;

[0079] The main body of the connecting seat (18) is a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm. The whole is a rectangular plate with two 30mm chamfers on the right side. Two columns are welded on the upper surface of the chamfer. The upper part of each column has a circular through hole, which is fixed by bolts and the inner ring of the small bearing (17).

[0080] The mounting base (19) consists of an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting base, which are fixed together by four bolts. The upper mounting plate has circular through holes at each of its four corners, which are fixed together with the connecting plate (11) by bolts. The lower mounting base has a circular through hole at the center of the left and right end faces, and two cylindrical slide rails inside the slide rail pass through the circular through holes to connect the two. A small elliptical cylinder is welded at the center of the lower part of the front end face of the lower mounting base to cooperate with the counting sensor (22) to complete the counting operation.

[0081] The slide rail (20) consists of a lower fixed plate, two left and right side upright plates and two cylindrical slide rails at the upper end of the interior. The lower fixed plate is bolted to fix the entire slide rail (20) to the base frame (23). The two upright plates on the left and right sides are used to fix the two cylindrical slide rails. The two cylindrical slide rails pass through two cylindrical through holes at the center of the lower part of the sliding base below the mounting base (19) so that the mounting base (19) can drive the mechanism above to slide left and right along the slide rail (20).

[0082] The displacement sensor (21) is installed in a circular through hole on the left end face of the left side plate of the slide rail (20) to record the displacement of the mounting base (19) sliding left and right.

[0083] The counting sensor (22) is magnetically mounted on the middle of the front end face of the fixing plate under the slide rail (20) to record the number of times the mounting base (19) slides left and right.

[0084] See Figures 6 to 7 The slide rail tray assembly (B) includes a base frame (23), a mounting bracket (24), a long arm (25), a long groove (26), a connecting plate (27), a long arm stop bolt (28), a slide rail mounting seat (29), a slide rail stop bolt (30), a weight (31), a weight pan (32), a sliding knife (33), and a knife head (34);

[0085] The base frame (23) is welded from 10mm thick steel plates and consists of an upper long plate, a lower short plate, left and right side support plates and a right triangular rib. The upper long plate has four 7mm diameter circular through holes on the upper left side, which are used to fix the slide rail (20) with bolts. The upper right side has four 12mm diameter circular through holes, which are used to fix the mounting bracket (24) together with bolts. The lower short plate has one 8mm diameter circular through hole at each of its four corners, which are used to fix the entire base frame (23) to the upper surface of the base assembly (C) with bolts.

[0086] The mounting bracket (24) is fixed to the upper right of the base frame (23) by four bolts with a diameter of 12mm. The whole body is welded with steel plates. A motor mounting base is welded to the middle part of the rear side, and the motor (12) is fixed to the mounting bracket (24) by four bolts. The left and right sides are welded with double column-shaped clamps, and the top of each clamp has a circular through hole with the same axis and diameter in the front and back direction, which is used to place and fix the long arm (25).

[0087] The long arm (25) is a rectangular plate with a long groove (26) on the right side in the front-back direction. It is installed on the upper right side of the mounting frame (24) by bolts with threads at the end and an optical axis in the middle. The long arm (25) can rotate relative to the mounting frame (24). The left and right sides are placed flush between the clamps on the upper left side of the mounting frame (24). The clamps have circular through holes on both sides. The long arm stop bolts (28) can be used to fix the long arm (25) on the mounting frame (24).

[0088] The connecting plate (27) is a rectangular steel plate, which is fixed to the left end face of the long arm (25) by welding. There is a bolt hole with a diameter of 8mm in the middle of the upper side of the right end face, which is used to connect with the slide rail stop bolt (30). The lower half has four circular through holes with a diameter of 5mm, which are used to fix the slide rail mounting seat (29) to the left end face of the connecting plate (27) by bolts.

[0089] The slide rail mounting base (29) is formed by cutting square steel. It has four threaded blind holes with a diameter of 5mm that are evenly distributed on the right side. It is fixed by bolts and connecting plate (27). A sliding groove is opened on the left end face, which cooperates with the slide rail fixed on the right side of the slide knife (33). The slide knife (33) can slide relative to the slide rail mounting base (29).

[0090] The weight pan (32) is fixed to the upper surface of the slide (33) by welding. It is a cubic box with an open top, containing weights (31), and the weights (31) are replaceable.

[0091] The slide cutter (33) consists of a top welding plate, a right side guide rail and a left side fixed blade. The top welding plate is fixed to the weight plate (32) by welding. The right side guide rail is fixed in the slide rail on the left side of the slide rail mounting base (29). The left side fixed blade is a long strip steel plate, which is fixed to the right side guide rail by two countersunk bolts with a diameter of 4mm. The entire slide cutter (33) can slide relative to the slide rail mounting base (29).

[0092] The blade (34) is attached to the lower end face of the fixed blade on the left side of the slide blade (33). Different materials can be replaced during the test as needed.

[0093] See Figure 8The base assembly (C) is located at the bottom of the entire test bench and includes a transverse guide rail assembly (35), a bidirectional connecting seat (36), a longitudinal guide rail assembly (37), a rotating base (38), and a fixed base (39).

[0094] The transverse guide rail assembly (35) is located at the top of the entire base assembly (C), including an upper guide rail surface, a transverse guide rail body and a threaded rod handwheel; the upper guide rail surface is fixed to the base frame (23) by bolts, and the threaded rod handwheel passes through the threaded hole on the upper end face of the transverse guide rail body and the bidirectional connecting seat (36). Rotating the handwheel can realize the left and right transverse translation of the entire transverse guide rail assembly (35) and its components relative to the fixed base (39);

[0095] The bidirectional connecting seat (36) has dovetail grooves on its upper and lower end faces in the vertical direction, which can be connected to the lower end face of the transverse guide rail assembly (35) and the upper end face of the longitudinal guide rail assembly (37). Threaded holes are opened in the middle of the dovetail grooves to connect with the threaded rod handwheels on the transverse guide rail assembly (35) and the longitudinal guide rail assembly (37).

[0096] The longitudinal guide rail assembly (37) is located below the bidirectional connecting seat (36) and includes a longitudinal guide rail body and a longitudinal threaded rod handwheel. The upper end face of the guide rail body is connected to the dovetail groove at the lower end face of the bidirectional connecting seat (36). The threaded rod in the longitudinal threaded rod handwheel passes through the threaded hole in the lower end face of the bidirectional connecting seat (36), and the lower end face is fixed to the upper end face of the rotating base (38) by bolts. Rotating the handwheel can realize the longitudinal translation of the entire longitudinal guide rail assembly (35) and its components relative to the fixed base (39).

[0097] The rotating base (38) consists of two overlapping discs. The upper disc has a long strip-shaped through hole on both the left and right sides of the upper surface. It is fixed to the lower disc by bolts. Loosening the bolts can make the upper disc drive the upper parts to rotate relative to the lower disc.

[0098] The fixed base (39) is a rectangular plate with a thickness of 10mm, which is fixed to the lower disc of the rotating base (38) by bolts.

[0099] Working principle of the invention:

[0100] See Figure 1The working principle of the test device for reciprocating peeling of corn cob kernels of the present invention is as follows. The broken corn cob is fixed inside the clamping mechanism (1), and the position of the sliding blade (33) is adjusted so that the blade (34) at the top of the blade contacts the corn kernels on the surface of the broken corn cob. The motor (12) is started so that the clamping mechanism (1) drives the broken corn cob to move left and right, so that the kernels on the surface of the broken corn cob shake left and right relative to the blade (34) until the kernels are peeled off. During the test, the displacement and number of shaking are recorded by the displacement sensor (21) and the counting sensor (22).

[0101] See Figures 2 to 5 The working principle of the clamping power assembly (A) of the present invention is as follows. Adjust the number and height of the rubber conical base plate (7) and the magnetic pad (8), turn the handwheel (3) to push the push plate (5) forward, and clamp the core shaft of the crushed corn cob; adjust the position of the slide knife (33) so that the cutter head (34) contacts the corn kernels to be peeled; turn on the motor (12) and the power is transmitted from the power output shaft to the inner adjusting plate (13) and the outer adjusting plate (14) fixed thereto, and then transmitted from the large bearing (16) fixed to the outer adjusting plate (14) to the double-head connector (15). The double-head connector (15) then transmits the power to the connecting seat (18) connected to the other end. The connecting seat (18) moves the motor (12) under the action of the slide rail (20). The output rotational motion is converted into left and right sliding, which drives the clamping mechanism (1) fixed above it to slide left and right, thereby causing the crushed corn cobs fixed inside the clamping mechanism (1) to sway left and right, so that the blade (34) on the surface of the sliding blade (33) and the corn kernels on the surface of the crushed corn cobs will move relative to each other, thereby peeling off the corn kernels; during this process, the displacement sensor (21) measures the amplitude of the left and right swaying of the crushed corn cobs, and the counting sensor (22) records the number of swaying required to peel off the corn kernels; at the same time, adjusting the relative position of the outer adjustment plate (14) and the inner adjustment plate (13) can change the eccentricity, thereby changing the amplitude of the left and right swaying of the crushed corn cobs, with a maximum swaying amplitude of up to 30mm;

[0102] See Figures 6 to 7 The working principle of the slide rail tray assembly (B) of the present invention is as follows. During the test, first loosen the long arm stop bolt (28) and lift the long arm (25) to the right, lower the long arm (25) and adjust the position of the slide blade (33) relative to the corn kernels on the surface of the crushed ears. After the adjustment is completed, tighten the long arm stop bolt (28); fix the long arm (25) to fix the position of the head (34) of the slide blade (33) relative to the corn kernels on the surface of the crushed ears; adjust the weight of the weight (31) in the weight pan (32), turn on the motor (12) to conduct the kernel peeling test; during the test, the material and shape of the head (34) of the slide blade (33) can be replaced to meet different tests;

[0103] See Figure 8The working principle of the base assembly (C) of the present invention is as follows. Rotating the transverse screw handwheel in the transverse guide rail assembly (35) can drive the entire transverse guide rail assembly (35) and the various components above it to move laterally left and right; similarly, rotating the longitudinal screw handwheel in the longitudinal guide rail assembly (37) can drive the various components above the longitudinal guide rail assembly (37) to move longitudinally back and forth; rotating the upper disk in the rotating base (38) can drive all the components above it to rotate around the central axis of the lower disk.

Claims

1. A test device for reciprocating peeling of fragmented corn ears and kernels, characterized in that, It includes a clamping power assembly (A), a slide rail tray assembly (B), and a base assembly (C); the clamping power assembly (A) is bolted to the top of the connecting seat (18) and is located directly below the slide knife (33) in the slide rail tray assembly (B); the slide rail tray assembly (B) is located above the base assembly (C) and is bolted to the upper surface of the base assembly (C); the base assembly (C) is the base of the entire test device and is located at the bottom of the entire test device; The clamping power assembly (A) includes a clamping mechanism (1) and a power assembly (2); the clamping mechanism (1) is located on the upper left side of the clamping power assembly (A) and is fixed to the upper end face of the connecting seat (18) by 4 bolts; the power assembly (2) is located on the left side and below the entire clamping power assembly (A) and is fixed to the slide rail tray assembly (B) by bolts; The clamping mechanism (1) includes a handwheel (3), a locking nut (4), a push plate (5), two rubber conical side plates (6), three rubber conical bottom plates (7), several magnetic pads (8), a fixing frame (9), two fastening bolts (10), and a connecting plate (11). The handwheel (3) consists of a turntable, a threaded rod installed at the center of the turntable end face, and a buckle at the top of the threaded rod. The threaded rod passes through the threaded hole and the locking nut (4) at the center of the left side plate of the fixing frame (9). The buckle at the top of the threaded rod is installed in the circular blind hole at the center of the end face of the push plate (5) and is fixed by the fixing bolts on the two side end faces of the push plate (5). The locking nut (4) is installed on the threaded rod in the handwheel (3) and is located on the outside of the left vertical plate of the fixing frame (9); The push plate (5) is a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 15mm. Both sides of the plate have 10mm chamfers. A circular blind hole is opened at the center of the front face. The blind hole is connected to the buckle at the top of the handwheel (3) and fixed by the fixing bolts on the left and right ends. The two rubber conical side plates (6) are rectangular in shape and covered with small square pyramids on their surface; they are respectively attached to the right end face of the push plate (5) and the left end face of the right side upright plate of the fixing frame (9); The outer contours of the three rubber conical base plates (7) are all rectangular, with the upper surface covered with small rubber quadrangular pyramids, and the lower body is made of No. 45 steel; the three rubber conical base plates (7) have their conical surfaces facing upwards and their sides are attached to the upper end of the magnet pad (8) below. The aforementioned magnetic pads (8) are all rectangular plate-shaped pads. Different sizes can be changed according to the requirements of the broken fruit ears rack. They can also be stacked to change the support height. The lower end face is adsorbed on the cross-section of the base plate of the fixed frame (9), and the upper end face is magnetically adsorbed to fix the rubber conical base plate (7). The fixing frame (9) is welded together by two upright plates on the left and right sides and a bottom plate placed horizontally in the middle of the lower end; a threaded hole is opened in the center of the left upright plate; a rubber conical side plate (6) is pasted on the left end face of the right upright plate; a round hole with a diameter of 30mm is opened in the center of the lower end face of the bottom plate, and a threaded hole with a diameter of 10mm is opened on both the front and rear side end faces, and the two threaded holes are connected to the round hole in the center; The two fastening bolts (10) are 10mm in diameter and each has a nut. They are installed in the threaded holes at the center of the front and rear end faces of the base plate of the fixing frame (9). The connecting plate (11) is a rectangular steel plate with a thickness of 15mm. A cylindrical column with a diameter of 30mm is welded at the center. A bolt hole is opened at each of the four corners of the upper and lower end faces. The circular column welded at the center of the upper end face passes through the circular hole at the center of the lower end face of the bottom plate below the fixing frame (9). The powertrain (2) includes a motor (12), an inner adjustment disc (13), an outer adjustment disc (14), a double-head connector (15), a large bearing (16), a small bearing (17), a connecting seat (18), a mounting seat (19), a slide rail (20), a displacement sensor (21), and a counting sensor (22). The motor (12) is located at the last end of the entire test device and is fixed to the mounting bracket (24) by four bolts; the power output shaft on the motor (12) has a flat keyway and is fixed by a flat key and a circular through hole with a keyway at the center of the inner adjusting plate (13); The inner adjustment plate (13) is a disc with a thickness of 10mm and a diameter of 115mm. A cylinder with a flat key and a keyway inside is fixed to the center of the rear end face by welding. A keyway is opened on the front end face and connected to the outer adjustment plate (14) by a flat key. Along the direction of the keyway on the front end face, two long strip-shaped through holes are opened on each side of the keyway on the front end face of the inner adjustment plate (13). The four long strip-shaped through holes are fixed to the outer adjustment plate (14) by a bolt. The outer adjusting plate (14) is a 10mm thick, 100mm diameter disc with a keyway in the center. It is connected to the inner adjusting plate (13) using a flat key. A cylindrical shaft is welded to the center of the outer end face, which passes through the inside of the large bearing (16) and is fixed to the double-headed connector (15). There are four threaded holes around the disc. Bolts pass through the four elongated through holes of the inner adjusting plate (13) and the four threaded holes around the outer adjusting plate (14) to fix the inner adjusting plate (13) and the outer adjusting plate (14) together. The double-ended connector (15) is formed by welding two threaded shafts of different diameters to two cylinders of different diameters. The thicker shaft end is welded to the center of the outer side of the larger diameter cylinder, and the thinner shaft end is fixed to the center of the outer side of the smaller diameter cylinder by welding. The two shaft ends are connected and fixed together by nuts at their threaded ends to form a whole. The larger diameter cylinder is located at the front end of the outer adjustment plate (14) and is fixed to the large bearing (16) on the outer side of the cylindrical shaft at the center of the outer adjustment plate (14) by a snap ring. At the same time, the smaller diameter cylinder is located at the two columns on the right side of the base frame (23) and is fixed to the small bearing (17) installed at the center of the two columns by a snap ring. The large bearing (16) has an outer diameter of 52mm and an inner diameter of 20mm; the inner ring and the cylindrical shaft welded at the center of the outer adjusting plate (14) are fixed together, and the outer ring is fixed inside the large diameter cylinder of the double-headed connector (15) by a snap ring; The small bearing (17) has an outer diameter of 30mm and an inner diameter of 10mm; the inner ring is fixed between the two columns on the right side of the base frame (23), and the outer ring is fixed inside the small diameter cylinder of the double-headed connector (15) by a snap ring; The main body of the connecting seat (18) is a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm. Two columns are welded on the upper middle surface of the right side. The upper part of each column has a circular through hole, which is fixed by bolts and the inner ring of the small bearing (17). The mounting base (19) consists of an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting base, which are fixed together by four bolts. The upper mounting plate has circular through holes at each of its four corners, which are fixed together with the connecting plate (11) by bolts. The lower mounting base has a circular through hole at the center of the left and right ends of its left and right sides, and two cylindrical slide rails inside the slide rail pass through the circular through holes to connect the two. A small elliptical cylinder is welded at the center of the lower part of the front end face of the lower mounting base. The slide rail (20) consists of a lower fixed plate, two side upright plates on the left and right and two cylindrical slide rails at the upper part of the interior; the lower fixed plate is fixed to the base frame (23) by bolt connection; the two cylindrical slide rails pass through the two cylindrical through holes at the center of the lower left and right sides of the slide base below the mounting base (19); The displacement sensor (21) is installed in a circular through hole on the left end face of the left side plate of the slide rail (20); The counting sensor (22) is magnetically mounted on the middle of the front end face of the lower fixing plate of the slide rail (20).

2. The test device for reciprocating peeling of fragmented corn ears and kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide rail tray assembly (B) includes a base frame (23), a mounting bracket (24), a long arm (25), a long groove (26), a connecting plate (27), a long arm stop bolt (28), a slide rail mounting seat (29), a slide rail stop bolt (30), a weight (31), a weight pan (32), a sliding knife (33), and a knife head (34). The base frame (23) is welded from 10mm thick steel plates and consists of an upper long plate, a lower short plate, left and right side support plates and a right triangular rib. The upper long plate has four 7mm diameter circular through holes on the upper left side, which are used to fix the slide rail (20) with bolts. The upper right side has four 12mm diameter circular through holes, which are used to fix the mounting bracket (24) together with bolts. The lower short plate has one 8mm diameter circular through hole at each of its four corners, which are used to fix the entire base frame (23) to the upper surface of the base assembly (C) with bolts. The mounting bracket (24) is fixed to the upper right of the base frame (23) by four bolts with a diameter of 12mm. The whole body is made of welded steel plates. A motor mounting base is welded to the middle part of the rear side, and the motor (12) is fixed to the mounting bracket (24) by four bolts. The left and right sides are welded into double column-shaped clamps, and the top of each clamp has a circular through hole with the same axis and diameter in the front and back directions. The long arm (25) is a rectangular plate with a long groove (26) on the front and back sides on the right side. It is installed on the upper right side of the mounting frame (24) by bolts with threads at the end and optical shafts in the middle. The left and right sides are placed flush between the clamps on the upper left side of the mounting frame (24). The connecting plate (27) is a rectangular steel plate, which is fixed to the left end face of the long arm (25) by welding. There is a bolt hole with a diameter of 8mm in the middle of the upper side of the right end face. The lower half has four circular through holes with a diameter of 5mm, and the slide rail mounting seat (29) is fixed to the left end face of the connecting plate (27) by bolts. The slide rail mounting base (29) is formed by cutting square steel. It has four threaded blind holes with a diameter of 5mm that are evenly distributed on the right side. It is fixed by bolts and connecting plate (27). A sliding groove is opened on the left end face, which cooperates with the slide rail fixed on the right side of the slide knife (33). The weight pan (32) is fixed to the upper surface of the slide (33) by welding. It is a cubic box with an open top and contains weights (31). The slide knife (33) consists of a top welding plate, a right side small guide rail and a left side fixed knife. The top welding plate is fixed to the weight plate (32) by welding. The right side guide rail is fixed in the slide rail on the left side of the slide rail mounting base (29). The left side fixed knife is a long strip steel plate, which is fixed to the right side guide rail by two countersunk bolts with a diameter of 4mm. The blade (34) is attached to the lower end face of the fixed blade on the left side of the slide blade (33).

3. The test device for reciprocating peeling of fragmented corn ears and kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base assembly (C) is located at the bottom of the entire test bench and includes a transverse guide rail assembly (35), a bidirectional connecting seat (36), a longitudinal guide rail assembly (37), a rotating base (38), and a fixed base (39). The transverse guide rail assembly (35) is located at the top of the entire base assembly (C), including an upper guide rail surface, a transverse guide rail body and a threaded rod handwheel; the upper guide rail surface is fixed to the base frame (23) by bolts, and the threaded rod handwheel passes through the threaded hole on the upper surface of the transverse guide rail body and the bidirectional connecting seat (36); The bidirectional connecting seat (36) has dovetail grooves on its upper and lower end faces in the vertical direction, which can be connected to the lower end face of the transverse guide rail assembly (35) and the upper end face of the longitudinal guide rail assembly (37), and threaded holes are opened in the middle of the dovetail grooves. The longitudinal guide rail assembly (37) is located below the bidirectional connecting seat (36), including a longitudinal guide rail body and a longitudinal threaded rod handwheel. The upper end face of the guide rail body and the dovetail groove at the lower end face of the bidirectional connecting seat (36) are connected. The threaded rod in the longitudinal threaded rod handwheel passes through the threaded hole in the lower end face of the bidirectional connecting seat (36), and the lower end face is fixed to the upper end face of the rotating base (38) by bolts. The rotating base (38) consists of two overlapping discs, with a long strip-shaped through hole on both the left and right sides of the upper disc, which is fixed to the lower disc by bolts. The fixed base (39) is a rectangular plate with a thickness of 10mm, which is fixed to the lower disc of the rotating base (38) by bolts.

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