Lumbar vertebrae prosthesis

Abstract

The present invention provides a lumbar prosthesis, comprising: a body, a side of the body is provided with a limiting groove and two transmission shafts with symmetrical protrusions, the outer surface of the transmission shaft is provided with a first thread, and the bottom of the body is provided with a fixing hole; a limiting device, the limiting device comprises: a limiting shaft, the limiting shaft is movably arranged in the aforementioned limiting groove; a limiting column, the limiting column is fixedly arranged at the center of the limiting shaft; a driving gear, the driving gear is composed of conical teeth at the top and straight teeth at the bottom; a transmission gear, the transmission gear is two symmetrically arranged conical teeth, the transmission gear and the driving gear are meshed with each other, a hollow cylinder is provided on one side of the transmission gear, a second thread is provided inside the hollow cylinder, and the second thread is meshed with the first thread on the transmission shaft. The technical solution of the present application effectively solves the technical problem in the related art that the space for expanding the spinal canal is too large or insufficient due to the prosthesis design in the spinal canal expansion surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and in particular to a lumbar prosthesis. Background Art

[0002] Spinal stenosis refers to a degenerative spinal disease in which the spinal cord or nerve roots are compressed due to a decrease in the inner diameter of the spinal canal. It is common in the middle-aged and elderly population. The disease can occur in the cervical, thoracic or lumbar spine, among which lumbar stenosis is the most common. Spinal stenosis can be caused by congenital factors or acquired degenerative changes: congenital causes mainly include spinal canal dysplasia, short vertebral arch, small spinal canal diameter and congenital spinal deformities, such as scoliosis or kyphosis. Acquired causes mainly include: degenerative changes, bulging or protrusion caused by intervertebral disc degeneration, formation of bone spurs on the edge of the vertebral body, hypertrophy or calcification of the yellow ligament, hyperplasia or synovitis of the facet joints, trauma: vertebral fractures, dislocations causing spinal canal narrowing, postoperative changes: scar hyperplasia or compression of internal fixation devices after spinal canal decompression, and other factors: such as tumors, infections, and metabolic diseases.

[0003] Treatment methods mainly include conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Surgical treatment is suitable for those who are ineffective with conservative treatment or have severe symptoms. The main methods are spinal canal decompression: removing osteophytes, hypertrophic yellow ligaments or protruding intervertebral discs, expanding the spinal canal, intervertebral fusion: stabilizing the spine and preventing postoperative vertebral slippage, dynamic fixation technology: such as artificial intervertebral discs or dynamic stabilization systems, maintaining spinal mobility, and expanding spinal canal prostheses: expanding the spinal canal and reducing nerve compression by implanting prostheses.

[0004] Prostheses that expand the spinal canal are usually used to treat spinal stenosis or other spinal diseases that require increased spinal canal space. This type of prosthesis is designed to relieve nerve compression and improve the patient's functional recovery ability by mechanically expanding or reconstructing the spinal canal structure. Previous lumbar prostheses that expand the spinal canal usually use titanium alloy, polyetheretherketone or other biocompatible materials to ensure mechanical properties and tissue compatibility after implantation. The design of fixed prosthesis size can reduce nerve compression: by expanding the spinal canal space, the pressure on the nerve roots and spinal cord is relieved. Restore the morphology of the spinal canal: reshape the anatomical structure of the spinal canal to avoid excessive damage to surrounding tissues. However, this fixed design may cause technical problems such as excessive or insufficient expansion of the spinal canal space. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a lumbar prosthesis to solve the technical problem of excessive or insufficient space for expanding the spinal canal due to prosthesis design during spinal canal expansion surgery.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a lumbar prosthesis, which specifically includes: a main body, a side surface of the main body is provided with a limiting groove and two symmetrically protruding transmission shafts, the outer surface of the transmission shaft is provided with a first thread, and the bottom of the main body is provided with a fixing hole; a limiting device, the limiting device includes: a limiting shaft, the limiting shaft is movably arranged in the aforementioned limiting groove; a limiting column, the limiting column is fixedly arranged at the center of the limiting shaft; a driving gear, the driving gear is composed of conical teeth at the top and straight teeth at the bottom; a transmission gear, the transmission gear is two symmetrically arranged conical teeth, the transmission gear and the driving gear are meshed with each other, a hollow cylinder is provided on one side of the transmission gear, a second thread is provided inside the hollow cylinder, and the second thread is meshed with the first thread on the transmission shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, a circular cavity is provided on the top of the main body, a roll outlet is provided on the circular cavity, and a reel is fixedly provided inside the circular cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the lumbar prosthesis also includes two rolls, the aforementioned limiting axis is arranged in the gap area formed between the two rolls, the roll is rolled around the reel inside the circular cavity on both sides of the body, and the roll is arranged to be made of elastic material.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface of the rolled sheet is coated with an antibacterial coating to reduce the risk of infection after implantation.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic material of the roll sheet is a shape memory alloy so that it can automatically adjust its shape according to external force during use.

[0011] Furthermore, the lumbar prosthesis also includes a sealing box, which is fixedly arranged between the two symmetrical bodies and is made of elastic material.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic material of the sealing box is medical silica gel, and its inner surface is provided with a microporous structure to facilitate the binding and fixation of biological tissues.

[0013] Furthermore, an angle scale is provided on the straight teeth at the bottom of the driving gear for adjusting the width of the lumbar prosthesis so that the expanded spinal canal reaches a suitable size.

[0014] Furthermore, a trabecular-like structure and a containing chamber are provided on the surface of the main body, and a bone growth factor is provided in the containing chamber.

[0015] Further, the bone growth factor includes a combination of BMP-2 and VEGF to promote both osteogenesis and angiogenesis.

[0016] Furthermore, the trabecular-like structure adopts a gradient porous design to simulate the mechanical properties and biological functions of human bone tissue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 An ortho-triaxial view of a lumbar prosthesis is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A view of the internal structure of a lumbar prosthesis is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a lumbar prosthesis is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 The meshing mode of the transmission shaft and the transmission gear is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 The arrangement position of the lumbar prosthesis is shown;

[0023] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following figure marks: 10, main body; 101, fixing hole; 102, roll outlet; 103, transmission shaft; 104, first thread; 105, limiting groove; 106, reel; 20, carton sealing; 30, limiting device; 301, limiting shaft; 302, limiting column; 40, reel; 50, driving gear; 60, transmission gear; 601, second thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, after the posterior spinous process of the lumbar vertebra is removed, a trapezoidal gap area will be formed, and this area is the setting area of ​​the lumbar prosthesis.

[0028] like Figure 1-3 As shown: specifically comprising: a lumbar prosthesis, comprising a body 10, the body 10 is symmetrically arranged, the side of the body is provided with a limiting groove 105 and two symmetrically protruding transmission shafts 103, the transmission shaft 103 is a solid cylinder, the outer surface of the transmission shaft 103 is provided with a first thread 104, and the bottom of the body 10 is provided with a fixing hole 101; a limiting device 30, the limiting device comprises: a limiting shaft 301, the limiting shaft 301 is movably arranged in the aforementioned limiting groove 105; a limiting column 302, the limiting column 302 is fixedly arranged at the center of the limiting shaft 301; the function of the limiting column can prevent the device inside the prosthesis from squeezing the nerves and other tissues in the spinal canal.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown: a driving gear 50, which is composed of conical teeth on the top and straight teeth on the bottom; a transmission gear 60, which is two symmetrically arranged conical teeth, the transmission gear and the driving gear are meshed with each other, a hollow cylinder is provided on one side of the transmission gear 60, and a second thread 601 is provided inside the hollow cylinder, and the second thread 601 is meshed with the first thread 104 on the transmission shaft 103.

[0030] Through the above arrangement, when in use, the spinous process and part of the vertebral lamina of the lumbar vertebra are first removed to form a trapezoidal gap area, and then the lumbar prosthesis is fixed to the vertebral lamina on both sides by screws or wires through the fixing holes 101, and then the driving gear 50 is rotated. Under the rotation of the driving gear 50, the transmission gears 60 on both sides of the lumbar prosthesis begin to rotate, and at the same time, the second thread 601 and the first thread 104 of the transmission shaft 103 rotate relative to each other, which will cause the transmission shaft to push the main body 10 on both sides to expand outward. The limiting shaft 301 on the lumbar prosthesis can ensure that the main body on both sides moves linearly in the horizontal direction, and at the same time prevents stress concentration on the transmission gear during the movement to cause jamming. A scale is set on the driving gear 50, and the size of the lumbar prosthesis expanding the spinal canal can be clearly seen until it reaches a suitable angle.

[0031] In order to further reduce the damage caused by the prosthesis to the nerves in the spinal canal, the lumbar prosthesis also includes: a circular cavity is also provided on the top of the body 10, a roll outlet 102 is provided on the circular cavity, and a reel 106 is fixedly provided inside the circular cavity. The lumbar prosthesis also includes a roll sheet 40, which is provided in two pieces, and the aforementioned limit shaft 301 is provided in the gap area formed between the two roll sheets. The roll sheet 40 is rolled and wound on the reel 106 inside the circular cavities on both sides of the body 10, and the roll sheet 40 is provided with an elastic material. The elastic material of the roll sheet is a shape memory alloy, which can ensure that the side of the lumbar prosthesis in contact with the spinal canal presents a hollow arc area as the two sides of the body expand outward, thereby protecting the nerves in the spinal canal. Through this arrangement, when the main bodies 10 on both sides move outward, the roll 40 wound on the reel 106 will be pulled out from the circular cavity of the main body, bypassing the limiting column 302 to form an arc-shaped area. On the one hand, the arc-shaped area enhances the fit between the prosthesis and the spinal canal and reduces the gap formed between the prosthesis and the spinal canal. On the other hand, it can protect the nerves in the spinal canal.

[0032] In order to further improve the stability of the lumbar prosthesis, the surface of the roll sheet 40 is coated with an antibacterial coating to reduce the risk of infection after implantation. The lumbar prosthesis also includes a sealing box 20, which is fixedly arranged between the two symmetrical bodies 10, and the sealing box 20 is an elastic material. The elastic material of the sealing box 20 is medical silica gel, and its inner surface is provided with a microporous structure to facilitate the combination and fixation of biological tissues. The existence of the sealing box 20 further improves the mechanical characteristics of the lumbar prosthesis and can protect the normal operation of the driving gear 50 and the transmission gear 60 inside it. The surface of the body 10 is provided with a trabecular structure and a receiving chamber, and a bone growth factor is provided in the receiving chamber. The bone growth factor includes a combination of BMP-2 and VEGF to promote bone formation and angiogenesis at the same time. The autologous bones on both sides of the lumbar vertebra will grow into the receiving chamber to improve the fixation effect. The trabecular structure adopts a gradient porous design to simulate the mechanical properties and biological functions of human bone tissue.

[0033] In order to improve the accuracy of the lumbar prosthesis in expanding the spinal canal, an angle scale is provided on the straight teeth at the bottom of the driving gear 50 for adjusting the width of the lumbar prosthesis so that the expanded spinal canal reaches a suitable size.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0035] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lumbar prosthesis, characterized in that: include: A body, wherein a side of the body is provided with a limiting groove and two symmetrically protruding transmission shafts, an outer surface of the transmission shaft is provided with a first thread, and a fixing hole is provided at the bottom of the body; The limiting device comprises: a limiting shaft, which is movably arranged in the aforementioned limiting groove; a limiting column, which is fixedly arranged at the exact center of the limiting shaft; A drive gear, the drive gear consisting of tapered teeth at the top and straight teeth at the bottom; The transmission gear is two symmetrically arranged conical teeth, the transmission gear is meshed with the driving gear, a hollow cylinder is arranged on one side of the transmission gear, a second thread is arranged inside the hollow cylinder, and the second thread is meshed with the first thread on the transmission shaft.

2. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular cavity is also provided on the top of the main body, a roll outlet is provided on the circular cavity, and a reel is fixedly provided inside the circular cavity.

3. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lumbar prosthesis also includes two rolls, the aforementioned limit axis is arranged in the gap area formed between the two rolls, the roll is rolled around the roll inside the circular cavity on both sides of the body, and the roll is arranged to be made of elastic material.

4. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the roll sheet is coated with an antibacterial coating.

5. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic material of the coil is a shape memory alloy.

6. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lumbar prosthesis also includes a sealing box, which is fixedly arranged between two symmetrical bodies and is made of elastic material.

7. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic material of the sealing box is medical silica gel, and a microporous structure is arranged on the inner surface of the medical silica gel.

8. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: Angle scales are arranged on the spur teeth at the bottom of the driving gear.

9. The lumbar prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The surface of the body is provided with a trabecular structure and a containing chamber, and the containing chamber is provided with a bone growth factor.

10. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bone growth factors include a combination of BMP-2 and VEGF.

11. The lumbar prosthesis according to claim 9, characterized in that: The trabecular-like structure adopts a gradient porous design.

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