Image display device

Abstract

The invention discloses an image display device which comprises a display device, an optical modulation element and a modulation device. When the modulation device is in the first state, the display device projects a first image at the first imaging position through the optical modulation element. When the modulation device is in the second state, the display device projects a second image at the second imaging position through the optical modulation element. A minimum distance from the first imaging point to the optical modulation element is different from a minimum distance from the second imaging point to the optical modulation element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an image display device, in particular to an image display device capable of projecting a suspended three-dimensional image. Background Art

[0002] The existing electronic device for projecting images projects a flat image onto a flat screen so that the user can view the image on the screen. However, the design can only present a flat image, but cannot present a three-dimensional image of an object or the movement of a three-dimensional image in a three-dimensional space. Although there is currently a method of using two flat display devices to project two flat images at different distances from the user, the two projected images are offset from each other and cannot be combined or matched to form a three-dimensional image. Summary of the invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to provide an image display device to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present invention provides an image display device, comprising a display device, an optical modulation element and a modulation device. The display device has a display surface, wherein the display surface has a normal direction. The optical modulation element is arranged on the display device, and an angle is formed between the optical modulation element and the display surface of the display device, which is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees. The modulation device overlaps with the display device and the optical modulation element, wherein when the modulation device is in a first state, the display device projects a first image at a first imaging location through the optical modulation element. When the modulation device is in a second state, the display device projects a second image at a second imaging location through the optical modulation element. The minimum distance from the first imaging location to the optical modulation element is different from the minimum distance from the second imaging location to the optical modulation element.

[0005] The present invention further provides an image display device, comprising an optical modulation element, a first display device and a second display device. The first display device has a display surface, the first display device and the second display device are arranged on the same side of the optical modulation element, and the optical modulation element and the display surface of the first display device have an angle greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees. The first display device projects a first image at a first imaging location through the optical modulation element. The second display device projects a second image at a second imaging location through the optical modulation element. The minimum distance from the first imaging location to the optical modulation element is different from the minimum distance from the second imaging location to the optical modulation element.

[0006] In the image display device of the present invention, images can be displayed at different time points or at the same time points at imaging locations with different distances from the optical modulation element through a modulation device or two display devices, so that different images can be combined to form a three-dimensional image, or can interact with each other to present the movement of the image. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0008] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an optical modulation element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an optical modulation element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a modulation device according to a variation of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 5 FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an image display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Shown are side views of an image display device according to a variation of the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively displaying images at different imaging locations.

[0013] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an image display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an image display device according to a first variation of the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a side schematic diagram of an image display device according to a second variation of the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Fig.11 FIG. 4 is a side view of an image display device and an operating method thereof according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Fig.12 FIG. 1 is a side view of an image display device according to a variation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, 2, 2a, 3, 3a, 3b, 4, 4a-image display device; 12, 18, 42-display device; 12S, 18S-display surface; 14-optical modulation element; 141-first reflection wall; 142-second reflection wall; 14L-reflection layer; 14L1-first reflection layer; 14L2-second reflection layer; 14S1-incident surface; 14S2-light emitting surface; 16, 16a, 26, 26a-modulation device; 161-moving device; 162-carrier; 163-support arm; 164-transmission element; 1641-pulley; 1642-transmission rope; 20-spectrometric element; 20S-semi-transmission reverse surface; 261-lens module; 2611-lens; 262-polarizer; 263-liquid crystal panel; 264-birefringent lens; 44-image sensing device; 44a-sensing element; 44b-light-transmitting area; 44c-circuit area; 46-action; 48-computing device; AD-arrow direction; D1, D2, D3, D4-direction; E1, E2-edge; I, II, III, IV, V-step; IL, IL2-light; IM1, IM2-image; IM3-stereoscopic image; L-length; L1, L2, A1, A2-minimum distance; ND-normal direction; OP-opening; P1-first imaging point; P2-second imaging point; PR1, PR2-linear polarization direction; S1-first state; S2-second state; S3-open state; S4-closed state; SG1, SG2-signal; SP-three-dimensional space area; TD-transmission direction; UR-user; θ-angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The content of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings. In order to make the content of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the following drawings may be simplified schematic diagrams, and the elements therein may not be drawn to scale. Moreover, the number and size of each element in the drawings are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Certain words are used throughout the specification and the appended claims to refer to specific components. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that electronic equipment manufacturers may refer to the same components with different names, and this document does not intend to distinguish between components with the same functions but different names.

[0021] In the specification and claims of the present invention, the words "including" and "comprising" are open-ended words and should be interpreted as meaning "including but not limited to..."

[0022] The ordinal numbers used in the specification and claims of the present invention, such as "first", "second", etc., to modify the elements of the claims, do not themselves mean or represent any previous ordinal numbers of the claimed elements, nor do they represent the order of one claimed element and another claimed element, or the order in the manufacturing method. The use of the ordinal numbers is only used to clearly distinguish a claimed element with a certain name from another claimed element with the same name.

[0023] The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as up, down, left, right, front or back, etc., are only used to refer to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are used to illustrate and not to limit the present invention.

[0024] In addition, when an element or a film layer is referred to as being "on" another element or film layer, it should be understood that the element or film layer is directly on the other element or film layer, or there is an intervening element or film layer between the two (indirect situation). Conversely, when an element or a film layer is referred to as being "directly" "on" another element or film layer, it should be understood that there is no intervening element or film layer between the two.

[0025] The term "electrically connected" includes any direct and indirect means of electrical connection. Two components can be electrically connected by direct contact to transmit electrical signals without any other components between them. Alternatively, two components can be electrically connected by bridging the components between them to transmit electrical signals. "Electrically connected" can also be referred to as "coupled".

[0026] In the present invention, the terms "about", "substantially", "approximately" or "the same" generally represent within 20%, 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1% or 0.5% of a given value or range.

[0027] It should be understood that the following embodiments can replace, reorganize, or mix features in multiple different embodiments to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Features between embodiments can be mixed and matched as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with each other.

[0028] In the present invention, the length, thickness, width, height, distance and area can be measured by an optical microscope (OM), an electron microscope (such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM)) or other methods, but are not limited thereto.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. It is understood that these terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the background or context of the relevant technology and the present invention, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner unless specifically defined in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] The electronic device of the present invention may include, for example, a display device, a sensing device, an antenna device, a touch device, a splicing device or other suitable electronic devices, but is not limited thereto. The display device of the present invention may be any type of display device, such as a self-luminous display device or a non-self-luminous display device. The self-luminous display device may include a light-emitting diode, a light conversion layer or other suitable materials, or a combination thereof, but is not limited thereto. The light-emitting diode may include, for example, an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode (mini LED), a micro light-emitting diode (micro LED) or a quantum dot light-emitting diode (quantum dot LED, which may include QLED, QDLED), but is not limited thereto. The light conversion layer may include a wavelength conversion material and / or a filter material, and the light conversion layer may include, for example, fluorescence, phosphorescence, quantum dots (Quantum Dot, QD), other suitable materials or a combination thereof, but is not limited thereto. The non-self-luminous display device may include a liquid crystal display device, an electrophoretic display device or other suitable device, but is not limited thereto. The sensing device may be, for example, a sensing device for detecting capacitance changes, light, heat or ultrasound, but is not limited thereto. The sensing device may include, for example, a biosensor, a touch sensor, a fingerprint sensor, other suitable sensors or a combination of the above types of sensors. The antenna device may be, for example, a liquid crystal antenna or other types of antenna types, but is not limited thereto. The splicing device may include, for example, a splicing display device or a splicing antenna device, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the appearance of the electronic device may be, for example, a rectangle, a circle, a polygon, a shape with curved edges, a curved surface (curved) or other suitable shapes. The electronic device may have peripheral systems such as a drive system, a control system, a light source system, a shelf system, etc. The electronic device may include an electronic unit, wherein the electronic unit may include passive components and active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, transistors, sensors, etc. It should be noted that the electronic device of the present invention may be various combinations of the above devices, but is not limited thereto. The electronic device of the present invention is an example of an image display device that can project a three-dimensional image in the air, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The image display device of the present invention is also, for example, a floating image display device or a three-dimensional display device.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the image display device 1 provided in this embodiment includes a display device 12, an optical modulation element 14 and a modulation device 16, wherein the optical modulation element 14 is disposed on the display device 12. The display device 12 may have a display surface 12S, wherein the display surface 12S may have a normal direction ND. An angle θ is formed between the optical modulation element 14 and the display surface 12S of the display device 12, which is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees. In the normal direction ND of the display surface 12S, the modulation device 16 overlaps with the display device 12 and the optical modulation element 14. When the modulation device 16 is in the first state S1, the display device 12 projects an image IM1 at the first imaging location P1 through the optical modulation element 14. When the modulation device 16 is in the second state S2, the display device 12 projects an image IM2 at the second imaging location P2 through the optical modulation element 14. Moreover, the minimum distance L1 from the first imaging location P1 to the optical modulation element 14 is different from the minimum distance L2 from the second imaging location P2 to the optical modulation element 14. It should be noted that by changing the state of the modulation device 16, the distance between the display device 12 and the optical modulation element 14 can be changed, thereby adjusting the position of the image generated by the display device 12 through the optical modulation element 14, so as to achieve the effect of an image moving in the air and / or presenting a three-dimensional image with depth of field.

[0032] Specifically, the optical modulation element 14 can be used to project the image generated by the display device 12 located on one side of the optical modulation element 14 to the other side of the optical modulation element, thereby displaying a floating image in the air. The optical modulation element 14 can be, for example, a retroreflector or other element capable of generating retroreflection. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the area of ​​the optical modulation element 14 projected onto the plane parallel to the display surface 12S may be larger than the area of ​​the display surface 12S, so that the images displayed on the display surface 12S can be imaged by the optical modulation element 14, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 2 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an optical modulation element according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2As shown, the optical modulation element 14 of one embodiment may have a plurality of openings OP, wherein the sidewalls of each opening OP are mirror surfaces. Each opening OP may be identical to each other, for example, having the same shape, size and depth. The opening OP may be, for example, a rectangle or other suitable shape. For example, the openings OP may be arranged in an array so that the optical modulation element 14 may have a grid-like structure, but is not limited thereto. In other words, the optical modulation element 14 may include a plurality of first reflection walls 141 extending along a direction D1 and a plurality of second reflection walls 142 extending along another direction D2, and each first reflection wall 141 may pass through each second reflection wall 142 and intersect with each second reflection wall 142, so that two first reflection walls 141 arranged in the direction D2 and adjacent to each other may surround an opening OP with two second reflection walls 142 arranged in the direction D1 and adjacent to each other. The surfaces of the first reflection wall 141 and the second reflection wall 142 facing the opening OP are both mirror surfaces for reflecting the light of the image. The first reflective wall 141 and the second reflective wall 142 may have the same depth in the depth direction of the opening OP (eg, direction D3). Figure 1 The incident surface 14S1 and the light emitting surface 14S2 of the optical modulation element 14 shown in the figure may be, for example, Figure 2 The opening OP shown corresponds to a virtual plane formed by the edge E1 and the edge E2 of the optical modulation element 14. In addition, the width of the first reflection wall 141 in the direction D2 and the width of the second reflection wall 142 in the direction D1 may be smaller than the width of the opening OP. For example, when the user views the optical modulation element 14 along the direction D3, the optical modulation element 14 may not be easily viewed. Figure 1 The directions D1 and D2 may be respectively Figure 2 The direction D1 is the same as the direction D2. In some embodiments, Figure 1 Or the direction D1 and the direction D2 in the present invention can be interchanged with each other.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, when the light IL enters the opening OP from one side of the optical modulation element 14 in a traveling direction that is not parallel to the directions D1, D2, and D3, the light IL may be reflected by the mirror surface of the optical modulation element 14 and emitted toward the other side of the optical modulation element 14. When the angle between the light IL and the direction D3 is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees, the light IL may be reflected by one or two mirror surfaces in sequence after entering the opening OP and emitted from the other side of the optical modulation element 14, so that the image generated by the display device 12 located on one side of the optical modulation element 14 may be formed on the other side of the optical modulation element 14 through the optical modulation element 14.

[0035] In other words, if Figure 1As shown, when the angle θ between the optical modulation element 14 and the display surface 12S of the display device 12 is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees, the optical modulation element 14 can image the image displayed on the display surface 12S of the display device 12 in the air, so that the user can view the floating image. In addition, the distance between any point on the image displayed on the display surface 12S of the display device 12 and the optical modulation element 14 can be substantially the same as the distance between a corresponding point on the projected image (that is, the imaging position of the point) and the optical modulation element 14. In other words, the minimum distance L1 between the first imaging point P1 and the optical modulation element 14 can be the same as the minimum distance A1 between the display surface 12S and the optical modulation element 14 when the display device 12 is in the first state S1, and the minimum distance L2 between the second imaging point P2 and the optical modulation element 14 can be the same as the minimum distance A2 between the display surface 12S and the optical modulation element 14 when the display device 12 is in the second state S2. The difference between the minimum distance L1 and the minimum distance L2 may be, for example, the same as the difference between the minimum distance A1 and the minimum distance A2.

[0036] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment, the optical modulation element 14 may be a single-layer structure, that is, the first reflection wall 141 and the second reflection wall 142 may be formed by the same reflection layer 14L, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Figure 3 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an optical modulation element according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the optical modulation element 14a provided in another embodiment may include a first reflection layer 14L1 and a second reflection layer 14L2, which are arranged in sequence along a direction D3, wherein the first reflection layer 14L1 may include a plurality of first reflection walls 141 extending along the direction D1, and the second reflection layer 14L2 may include a plurality of second reflection walls 142 extending along the direction D2, wherein the first reflection walls 141 are arranged in the direction D2, and the second reflection walls 142 are arranged in the direction D1. The two side surfaces of the first reflection wall 141 arranged in the direction D2 are mirror surfaces, and the two side surfaces of the second reflection wall 142 arranged in the direction D1 are also mirror surfaces, so that the light IL can be reflected by the mirror surfaces when encountering the above-mentioned side surfaces. When viewed along the direction D3 in which the first reflection layer 141 and the second reflection layer 142 are stacked in sequence, the first reflection wall 141 and the second reflection wall 142 may form a plurality of openings OP. In one embodiment, Figure 3 The virtual plane formed by the edge E1 of the first reflective wall 141 away from the second reflective wall 142 and the virtual plane formed by the edge E2 of the second reflective wall 142 away from the first reflective wall 141 may be, for example, respectively: Figure 1 The optical modulation element 14 is shown with an incident surface 14S1 and a light emitting surface 14S2 .

[0037] exist Figure 1In the embodiment of the present invention, the display device 12 may be, for example, a flat display device for displaying a two-dimensional image. The modulation device 16 may be used to move the display device 12 so that the display device 12 can move along the normal direction ND. Since the two-dimensional images displayed by the display device 12 at different times can be displayed at positions with different distances from the optical modulation element 14 through the movement of the modulation device 16, the two-dimensional images at different positions can be formed into three-dimensional and floating static or dynamic images through the imaging of the optical modulation element 14.

[0038] The modulation device 16 may, for example, include a moving device 161 for moving the display device 12 in the normal direction ND. Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present invention, the display device 12 may be located between the optical modulation element 14 and the modulation device 16. For example, the modulation device 16 may further include a carrier plate 162 and a support arm 163, wherein the support arm 163 is connected between the moving device 161 and the carrier plate 163, so that the moving device 161 can raise and lower the carrier plate 162 through the support arm 163, thereby achieving the purpose of moving the display device 12 back and forth.

[0039] In one embodiment, the moving device 161 may include a distance moving element and / or a high-frequency moving element. The distance moving element may include, for example, a motor, a hydraulic system, a gas pressure system or other suitable elements, wherein the hydraulic system may include, for example, an oil pressure system or other suitable systems. When the moving device 161 includes a distance moving element, the moving frequency of the display device 12 may be less than 1 Hz, and the moving range may be, for example, several centimeters (cm) to several meters (m), but is not limited thereto. The frequency at which the distance moving element moves the display device 12 may be, for example, a ratio of the speed at which the display device 12 moves to the distance that the display device 12 needs to move from the first state S1 to the second state S2 and then from the second state S2 back to the first state S1. Through the distance moving element, the image display device 1 may display the movement of the floating image, for example, displaying that the image IM1 moves from the first imaging position P1 to the second imaging position P2 to become the image IM2, wherein the image IM1 may be the same as the image IM2, or the image IM1 may change during the movement so that the image IM2 is different from the image IM1. In some embodiments, the number of imaging locations is not limited to two, and may be three or more, so that the floating image may appear to move continuously or stay at multiple imaging locations at different time points.

[0040] In addition, the high-frequency moving element may include, for example, an elastic material, a piezoelectric material, or other suitable materials. When the mobile device 161 includes a high-frequency moving element, the moving frequency of the display device 12 may be greater than 60 Hz. Through the phenomenon of visual persistence of the human eye, the human eye can see a three-dimensional image with thickness in a three-dimensional space, for example, the user can see a three-dimensional image IM1 at the first imaging location P1 or a three-dimensional image IM2 at the second imaging location P2. The elastic material may include, for example, a spring or other suitable element. When the mobile device 161 includes an elastic material or a piezoelectric material, the moving range of the display device 12 may be, for example, several millimeters (mm) to several centimeters, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the mobile device 161 may include a high-frequency moving material and a distance moving element at the same time, so that the user can not only see the three-dimensional image of the floating object, but also see the movement of the three-dimensional object. In some embodiments, the high-frequency moving material may be selectively arranged at the carrier 162, for example, under or above the carrier 162. In this article, "imaging location" may, for example, refer to a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional area with depth in the direction of travel of the projection light.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to make the image have an obvious floating effect at the imaging location (e.g., the first imaging location P1 and / or the second imaging location P2), the minimum distance A1 from the display device 12 to the optical modulation element 14 in the normal direction ND may be greater than or equal to 10 cm, and in order to have a good imaging quality, the minimum distance A1 may be less than or equal to cm, where η is the light efficiency of the optical modulation element 14, B is the center brightness of the display device 12, α is the light distance maintenance rate of the display device 12, and L is the length of the optical modulation element 14. Figure 1In the figure, the length L of the optical modulation element 14 may refer to the length of the optical modulation element 14 in the direction D1. The minimum distance A1 from the display device 12 to the optical modulation element 14 may refer to the distance range in which the display device 12 can move in the normal direction ND, within which the modulation device 16 has enough space to move and provide a good suspended 3D image. The center brightness B of the display device 12, the optical distance maintenance rate α of the light source of the display device 12, and the optical efficiency η of the optical modulation element 14 may be measured by any brightness measurement equipment in an appropriate manner. For example, in the measurement of the light distance maintenance rate α of the light source of the display device 12, the light intensity of the display device 12 can be measured by a brightness measuring device (e.g., a display measuring system (DMS) device) to obtain a light intensity measurement value I0 at a position 0 cm away from the display surface 12S of the display device 12, and a light intensity measurement value I100 at a position 100 cm away from the display surface 12S of the display device 12, and the light distance maintenance rate α of the light source can be I100 / I0, but the measurement method is not limited thereto. In the measurement of the light efficiency η, for example, the intensity of the incident light incident from the incident surface 14S1 of the optical modulation element 14 and the intensity of the outgoing light emitted from the light emitting surface 14S2 can be measured by a brightness measuring device, and the light efficiency η of the optical modulation element 14 can be the ratio of the outgoing light intensity to the incident light intensity, but is not limited thereto.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 4 , which is a side view schematic diagram of a modulation device of a variation of the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein Figure 4 The right part is a side view schematic diagram of the left part viewed along the arrow direction AD. Figure 4 As shown, the modulation device 16a of this variation embodiment is Figure 1 The difference between the modulation device 16 of the embodiment is that the modulation device 16a of the present variation may include a moving device 161, a carrier plate 162 and a transmission element 164. For example, the transmission element 164 may include a pulley 1641 and a transmission rope 1642, wherein the transmission rope 1642 is connected to the carrier plate 162, so that the moving device 161 can move the carrier plate 162 through the transmission rope 1642, thereby achieving the purpose of moving the display device 12. In the present variation, the transmission rope 1642 is connected to the edge of the carrier plate 162 to prevent the light path from the display device 12 to the optical modulation element from being affected. In the present variation, the moving device 161 may include, for example, a motor or other suitable elements.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 5 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an image display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5As shown, in the image display device 2 provided in this embodiment, the modulation device 26 may include a lens module 261, which is disposed between the display device 12 and the optical modulation element 14. In this case, the modulation device 26 may not include Figure 1 The movable device 161 and the support arm 163 are, but not limited to, the movable device 161. The lens module 261 may, for example, include a plurality of lenses 2611 and a mechanism device (not shown), wherein the mechanism device may be used to move the relative relationship of the lenses 2611 at different time points to change the focal length of the lens module 261, such as moving the lens 2611 along the normal direction ND to change the spacing between the lenses 2611. In other words, the modulation device 26 may, for example, be a mechanically focus tunable lens module. It should be noted that by changing the focal length of the lens module 261, the imaging position of the image displayed by the display device 12 through the lens module 261 may be adjusted at different time points, so that the image display device 2 may project the image IM1 to the first imaging location P1 at one time point, and project the other image IM2 to the second imaging location P2 at another time point, thereby achieving the purpose of moving the image or displaying a stereoscopic image. In some embodiments, Figure 5 The image display device 2 may also selectively include Figure 1 The modulation device 26 is used to simultaneously coordinate the movement of the two-dimensional image and the change of the imaging position. Figure 5 The other parts of the image display device 2 may be Figure 1 The image display device 1 is the same as or similar to the image display device 1, so reference may be made to the above and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The figures are schematic side views of an image display device according to a variation of the second embodiment of the present invention displaying images at different imaging locations. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the image display device 2a of this variation embodiment is Figure 5 The difference between the image display device 2 and the modified embodiment is that the modulator 26a of the modified embodiment can be replaced by a mechanically focus tunable lens module. In other words, the modulator 26a can adjust its focus through an electrical signal to achieve a focus change frequency greater than 60 Hz, so that the image IM1 can present a three-dimensional object.

[0045] In the present embodiment, the modulation device 26a may, for example, include a polarizer 262, a liquid crystal panel 263, and a birefringent lens 264, which are sequentially arranged along the normal direction ND on the display surface 12S of the display panel 12, wherein the liquid crystal panel 263 is disposed between the birefringent lens 264 and the polarizer 262 to adjust the polarization state of the light IL passing through. The liquid crystal panel 263 may, for example, be a twisted nematic type liquid crystal panel or other suitable element to control the polarization direction of the light IL passing through the liquid crystal panel 263. For example, when the display device 12 displays an image, the light IL of the image may have a random polarization direction, and thus may be represented by a linear polarization direction PR1 and a linear polarization direction PR2 that are perpendicular to each other. After the light IL passes through the polarizer 262, the light IL will have a linear polarization direction that is the same as the transmission direction TD of the polarizer 262, such as the linear polarization direction PR1. As Figure 6 As shown, when the liquid crystal panel 263 is in the on state S3, the polarization direction of the light IL changes to another linear polarization direction, such as the linear polarization direction PR2, after passing through the liquid crystal panel 263. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 2 , when the liquid crystal panel 263 is in the closed state S4, the light IL having the linear polarization direction PR1 does not change after passing through the liquid crystal panel 263. Since the birefringent lens 264 can have different focal lengths for the light IL having different linear polarization directions, the focal length of the modulation device 26a can be adjusted by changing the polarization direction of the image light IL through the liquid crystal panel 263, so that the image can be formed at different imaging locations. For example, Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 2 , when the focal length of the modulation device 26a becomes longer, the optical modulation element 14 can project the image of the display device 12 to the first imaging position P1 to form an image IM1. Figure 7 As shown, when the focal length of the modulation device 26a becomes shorter, the optical modulation element 14 can project the image of the display device 12 to the second imaging position P2 to form an image IM2.

[0046] The relationship between the lengthening and shortening of the focal lengths corresponding to the on state S3 and the off state S4 of the present invention is not limited to the above. In some embodiments, when the liquid crystal panel 263 is in the on state S3, the focal length of the modulation device 26a can be shortened, and when the liquid crystal panel 263 is in the off state S4, the focal length of the modulation device 26a can be lengthened. It should be noted that since the switching frequency of the liquid crystal panel 263 can be greater than 60Hz, for example, 120Hz, the image display device 2a can form an image of a three-dimensional object through visual persistence. In some embodiments, Figure 6 and Figure 7The linear polarization direction PR1 and the linear polarization direction PR2 in the embodiment can also be interchanged. In some embodiments, the modulation device 26a can also be a liquid crystal lens or other suitable electrically controlled focal length adjustment device, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, Figure 6 and Figure 7 The image display device 2a may also selectively include Figure 1 The adjusting device 16 or Figure 4 The adjusting device 16a is used to simultaneously coordinate the movement of the two-dimensional image and the change of the imaging position. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The other parts of the image display device 2a can be connected with Figure 1 The image display device 1 is the same as or similar to the image display device 1, so reference may be made to the above and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 8 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an image display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, in the image display device 3 provided in the present embodiment, the image display device 3 may include an optical modulation element 14, a display device 12, and another display device 18. The display device 12 and the display device 18 are disposed on the same side of the optical modulation element 14, wherein the display device 12 projects a first image IM1 at a first imaging location P1 through the optical modulation element 14, and the display device 18 projects a second image IM2 at a second imaging location P2 through the optical modulation element 14. Moreover, the minimum distance L1 from the first imaging location P1 to the optical modulation element 14 may be different from the minimum distance L2 from the second imaging location P2 to the optical modulation element 14. Similar to the above embodiment, the optical modulation element 14 and the display surface 12S of the display device 12 may have an angle θ greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees.

[0048] exist Figure 8In the embodiment of the present invention, the display device 18 may be a transparent display device, and the display device 18 may overlap the display device 12 and the optical modulation element 14 in the normal direction ND of the display surface 12S, so that the image light IL1 displayed by the display device 12 may pass through the display device 18 when the display device 18 displays an image, and be imaged at the first imaging position P1 through the optical modulation element 14, and the image light IL2 displayed by the display device 18 may be imaged at the second imaging position P2 through the optical modulation element 14. The display surface 18S of the display device 18 may be, for example, parallel to the display surface 12S of the display device 12, so as to help combine the image displayed by the display device 12 with the image displayed by the display device 18. It should be noted that the minimum distance L1 between the first imaging point P1 and the optical modulation element 14 may be the same as the minimum distance A1 between the display surface 12S of the display device 12 and the optical modulation element 14, and the minimum distance L2 between the second imaging point P2 and the optical modulation element 14 may be the same as the minimum distance A2 between the display surface 18S of the display device 18 and the optical modulation element 14. Since the display device 12 and the display device 18 can simultaneously project the first image IM1 and the second image IM2 at different first imaging points P1 and second imaging points P2 respectively through the optical modulation element 14, the projected first image IM1 and second image IM2 can be matched with each other to form a stereoscopic image in a three-dimensional space area SP. Alternatively, the display device 12 and the display device 18 can generate the first image IM1 and the second image IM2 at different time points, so that the first image IM1 and the second image IM2 can present the movement of the object in the three-dimensional space area SP.

[0049] In some embodiments, Figure 8 The image display device 3 may also selectively include Figure 1 The modulation device 16 and / or Figure 4 The modulation device 16a enables at least one of the display device 12 and the display device 18 to move back and forth in the normal direction ND through the modulation device to present a stereoscopic image and / or the movement of the stereoscopic image. Figure 8 The other parts of the image display device 3 can be connected with Figure 1 The image display device 1 is the same as or similar to the image display device 1, so reference may be made to the above and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] Please refer to Fig. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of an image display device of a first variation of the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 As shown, the image display device 3a provided in this variation is Figure 8The difference of the image display device 3 shown is that the display device 12 can partially overlap with the display device 18 in the normal direction ND. For example, the display device 12 and the display device 18 can be misaligned in the direction D2 parallel to the display surface 12S. In some embodiments, the display device 12 and the display device 18 can also be misaligned in another direction D4 parallel to the display surface 12S and perpendicular to the direction D2. Through the partial overlap of the display device 12 and the display device 18, the projected first image IM1 and the second image IM2 can partially overlap, which can help integrate the first image IM1 and the second image IM2, so that the user UR can view the image with depth of field.

[0051] Please refer to Fig.10 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an image display device according to a second variation of the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 As shown, the image display device 3b provided in this variation is Figure 8 The difference of the image display device 3 shown is that the image display device 3b further includes a beam splitter 20, which is disposed between the display device 12 and the optical modulation element 14. In this embodiment, the display device 12 and the display device 18 can be disposed on both sides of the beam splitter 20, respectively. Specifically, the beam splitter 20 can have, for example, a semi-transmissive reverse surface 20S, and the image light IL1 displayed by the display device 12 can pass through the semi-transmissive reverse surface 20S and project the first image IM1 at the first imaging location P1 through the optical modulation element 14. In addition, the display device 18 is disposed on one side of the beam splitter 20, and the display device 18 and the optical modulation element 14 can be located on the same side of the semi-transmissive reverse surface 20S, so that the image light IL2 displayed by the display device 18 can be reflected to the optical modulation element 14 through the semi-transmissive reverse surface 20S, so as to project the second image IM2 at the second imaging location P2 through the optical modulation element 14.

[0052] In some embodiments, Fig.10 The image display device 3b may also selectively include Figure 1 The modulation device 16 and / or Figure 4The modulation device 16a enables at least one of the display device 12 and the display device 18 to move back and forth in the normal direction ND (or the normal direction of the display surface 18S of the display device 18) through the modulation device to present a stereoscopic image and / or the movement of the stereoscopic image. By adjusting the distance between the display device 12 and the spectroscopic element 20, the position of the first image IM1 can be changed. Similarly, by adjusting the distance between the display device 18 and the spectroscopic element 20, the position of the second image IM2 can be changed. In addition, since the position and movement of the display device 12 and the display device 18 do not affect each other, the first image IM1 and the second image IM2 can be unrestricted to each other, so that they can overlap with each other, or the minimum distance between the first image IM1 and the optical modulation element 14 can be greater than or less than the minimum distance between the second image IM2 and the optical modulation element 14. Fig.10 The other parts of the image display device 3b can be connected with Figure 1 The image display device 1 is the same as or similar to the image display device 1, so reference may be made to the above and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Please refer to Fig.11 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an image display device and an operation method schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig.11 As shown, the image display device 4 provided in this embodiment is Figure 1 The difference between the image display device 1 and the display device 42 is that the display device 42 can be a three-dimensional image display device for displaying a three-dimensional image. For example, the display device 42 can include a light field display, a fan display, or other suitable three-dimensional image display or projection device. Since the display device 42 can directly display a three-dimensional image, the three-dimensional image can be projected into a corresponding three-dimensional image IM3 in the three-dimensional space area SP through the optical modulation element 14.

[0054] In this embodiment, the image display device 4 may further selectively include an image sensing device 44 for detecting a user's action 46, such as a gesture or other suitable action. By detecting the action 46 by the image sensing device 44, the user may interact with the stereoscopic image displayed by the display device 42 through the action 46. The image sensing device 44 may, for example, include an infrared image sensor, a camera, or other suitable image capture device. It should be noted that since at least a portion of the stereoscopic image displayed by the display device 42 is located in the display device 42, the user cannot actually interact with the portion. Therefore, projecting the corresponding stereoscopic image IM3 into the air through the optical modulation element 14 may facilitate the user's interaction with the stereoscopic image IM3.

[0055] The following will further describe the operation method of the image display device 4 interacting with the user's action 46. Fig.11As shown, in step I, when the user performs an action 46 on the stereoscopic image IM3 in the three-dimensional space area SP, the image display device 4 can detect the action 46 through the image sensing device 44. The action 46 is, for example, rotating an object in the stereoscopic image IM3 with a finger or other suitable gestures or actions. In step II, the image sensing device 44 transmits the signal SG1 of the detected action 46 to the computing device 48, such as a computer or other suitable device. Then, in step III, the computing device 48 analyzes the action 46 and determines whether the user performs the action 46 on the stereoscopic image IM3. Next, in step IV, the computing device 48 generates a signal SG2 of another stereoscopic image of the stereoscopic image IM3 after the action 46, and transmits the signal SG2 to the display device 42. In step V, the display device 42 displays another stereoscopic image of the stereoscopic image IM3 after the action 46 according to the signal SG2, so that the user can view the stereoscopic image after the interaction, thereby achieving the purpose of interaction between the image display device 4 and the user. In some embodiments, Fig.11 The display device 42 may also be replaced by the image display device of any of the above embodiments. In other embodiments, the image display device 4 may also include a touch device disposed between the user and the stereoscopic image IM3, so that the user may also interact with the stereoscopic image IM3 by touching the touch device, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0056] Please refer to Fig.12 , which is a side view schematic diagram of an image display device of a variation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig.12 As shown, the image display device 4a provided in this embodiment is Fig.11 The difference between the image display device 4 and the image display device 4 is that the image sensing device 44 may include a transparent image sensing array disposed between the display device 42 and the optical modulation element 14. In this embodiment, the image sensing device 44 may be disposed on the display surface 42S of the display device 42, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the image sensing device 44 may also be integrated into the display device 42. Fig.12 The right part further shows an enlarged schematic diagram of the image sensing device 44, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Fig.12 As shown in the right part of the image sensor 44, the image sensing device 44 may include a plurality of sensing elements 44a for detecting the image of the action 46 performed in the three-dimensional space region SP through the optical modulation element 14. The sensing elements 44a may be arranged in an array or other suitable manner, for example. The sensing elements 44a may include infrared sensors or other suitable sensors, for example.

[0057] In this embodiment, the image sensing device 44 may also have a plurality of light-transmitting areas 44b and a circuit area 44c, wherein the light-transmitting area 44b allows light to pass through, so that the 3D image displayed by the display device 42 can penetrate the light-transmitting area 44b and be projected into the three-dimensional space area SP by the optical modulation element 14, and the circuit area 44c may surround the light-transmitting area 44b. The image sensing device may include a plurality of wires disposed in the circuit area 44c for electrically connecting the sensing element 44a, but is not limited thereto. Fig.12 In the embodiment, the sensing elements 44a may be respectively disposed at the corners of the corresponding light-transmitting areas 44b, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0058] In some embodiments, Fig.12 The display device 42 can also be replaced by an image display device of any of the above embodiments. Fig.12 The image sensing device 44 is applied to an image display device having a modulation device (eg, Figure 1 or Figure 4 In the image display device 1 shown, the image sensing device 44 can be set on the display surface 12S of the display device 12, so that it can move with the movement of the display device 12, so that the image sensing device 44 can detect the images of the user's action 46 corresponding to different imaging locations, thereby forming a three-dimensional image of the complete action 46.

[0059] In summary, in the image display device of the present invention, through the modulation device or two display devices with a light splitting element or a transparent display device, images can be displayed at different time points or at the same time points at imaging locations with different distances from the optical modulation element, so that different images can be combined to form a floating three-dimensional image, or can interact with each other to present the movement of the floating image. In addition, since the image display device can form a floating three-dimensional image, the image sensing device can also achieve a human-computer interaction effect between the three-dimensional image and the user.

[0060] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An image display device, characterized in that: include: A display device having a display surface, wherein the display surface has a normal direction; an optical modulation element, disposed on the display device, wherein an angle is formed between the optical modulation element and the display surface of the display device, and the angle is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees; as well as a modulation device overlapping the display device and the optical modulation element, wherein when the modulation device is in a first state, the display device projects a first image at a first imaging location through the optical modulation element, When the modulation device is in a second state, the display device projects a second image at a second imaging location through the optical modulation element, and A minimum distance from the first imaging location to the optical modulation element is different from a minimum distance from the second imaging location to the optical modulation element.

2. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein: The modulation device includes a moving device, and the display device is located between the optical modulation element and the modulation device.

3. The image display device according to claim 2, wherein: In the normal direction, the minimum distance from the display device to the optical modulation element is greater than or equal to 10 cm and less than or equal to cm, wherein η is the light efficiency of the optical modulation element, B is the center brightness of the display device, α is the light distance maintenance rate of the display device, and L is the length of the optical modulation element.

4. The image display device according to claim 2, wherein: The display device is capable of moving along the normal direction, and a moving frequency of the display device is greater than 60 Hz.

5. The image display device according to claim 2, wherein: The moving device includes an elastic material or a piezoelectric material.

6. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein: The modulation device comprises a lens module, which is arranged between the display device and the optical modulation element.

7. An image display device, characterized in that: include: an optical modulation element; A first display device having a display surface; as well as a second display device, wherein the first display device and the second display device are disposed on the same side of the optical modulation element, the optical modulation element and the display surface of the first display device have an angle, and the angle is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees, The first display device projects a first image at a first imaging location through the optical modulation element. The second display device projects a second image at a second imaging location through the optical modulation element, and A minimum distance from the first imaging location to the optical modulation element is different from a minimum distance from the second imaging location to the optical modulation element.

8. The image display device according to claim 7, wherein: The device also includes a light splitting element disposed between the first display device and the optical modulation element.

9. The image display device according to claim 8, wherein: The first display device and the second display device are respectively disposed on two sides of the light splitting element.

10. The image display device according to claim 7, wherein: The second display device is a transparent display device, and in the normal direction of the display surface, the second display device overlaps the first display device and the optical modulation element.

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