An energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide

Abstract

The application discloses an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, comprising a metal circular waveguide, a dielectric hemisphere and a dielectric cylinder. The dielectric hemisphere and the dielectric cylinder are arranged on the right side of the metal circular waveguide; the dielectric hemisphere is located in the metal circular waveguide; and the dielectric cylinder is connected with the end face on the right side of the metal circular waveguide. An electromagnetic signal in a quasi-Gaussian HE11 mode is input into the metal circular waveguide through an input end of the energy coupling device, and after energy coupling through the dielectric hemisphere, the coupled electromagnetic signal is transmitted into the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide through an output end of the energy coupling device by the dielectric cylinder. The energy coupling device can ensure high coupling efficiency, wide working bandwidth and high compactness of the structure, and can also reduce the processing and assembly difficulty of the structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microwave power transmission technology, and particularly relates to an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. Background Technology

[0002] In the application of space terahertz communication systems, in order to achieve flexible spatial layout, broadband signal transmission and payload transcabin connection capabilities, terahertz dielectric circular waveguides with broadband low-loss transmission characteristics are generally used to realize flexible wired connections between various components in the communication system.

[0003] Since most waveguide interfaces in existing terahertz communication systems are metallic rectangular waveguides, and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide structure typically transmits the hybrid mode HE11, this mode is similar to the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 transmitted in metallic circular waveguides or reflector antenna feeds in communication systems. However, the transverse amplitudes of the electric field components in the HE11 mode transmitted in the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide are not equal. Therefore, a conventional TE10 to HE11 mode converter cannot achieve efficient coupling between a metallic rectangular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. To avoid confusion, the following text will use HE11' to denote the mode in the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide.

[0004] Emmanuel Decrossas et al. proposed a coupling device between a metallic waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide based on a dielectric lens, which achieves efficient interconnection between the metallic waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. However, in order to ensure good transmission performance, the overall length of the coupling device is too long and the structure is relatively complex, which poses certain difficulties for the fabrication and implementation in the terahertz band.

[0005] Since the HE11' mode transmitted in a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide shares certain similarities with the HE11 mode in a circular waveguide or antenna feed, the energy coupling between a rectangular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide can be designed separately in two parts: rectangular waveguide TE10-circular waveguide HE11 and circular waveguide HE11-terahertz dielectric circular waveguide HE11'. The coupling methods between the rectangular waveguide TE10 mode and the circular waveguide HE11 mode are numerous and technically mature, and have been researched and verified in the microwave and terahertz frequency bands. However, the energy coupling structure between the circular waveguide HE11 and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide HE11' has not yet been publicly reported. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. This device can achieve high-efficiency energy coupling between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide with a broadband terahertz frequency band. It has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high energy coupling efficiency, wide operating bandwidth, and easy processing.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, comprising: a metal circular waveguide, a dielectric hemisphere, and a dielectric cylinder;

[0008] The dielectric hemisphere and dielectric cylinder are positioned on the right side of the metallic circular waveguide;

[0009] The dielectric hemisphere is located inside the metallic circular waveguide;

[0010] The dielectric cylinder is connected to the right end face of the metal circular waveguide.

[0011] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between the metallic circular waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the energy coupling device serves as a connector between the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. The input end on the left is connected to the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide, and the output end on the right is connected to the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. This device is used to realize the mode conversion from the HE11 mode of the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide to the HE11' mode of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide.

[0012] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the quasi-Gaussian HE11 mode electromagnetic signal is input into the metallic circular waveguide from the input end of the energy coupling device. After energy coupling through the dielectric hemisphere, the coupled electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide through the output end of the energy coupling device via the dielectric cylinder.

[0013] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the diameter of the metallic circular waveguide is equal to the diameter of the dielectric hemisphere and also equal to the diameter of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide fiber core.

[0014] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the materials of the dielectric hemisphere and the dielectric cylinder are the same as the material of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core.

[0015] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between the metal circular waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the dielectric hemisphere, the dielectric cylinder, and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core are all made of polypropylene (PP).

[0016] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the diameter D of the dielectric cylinder is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core.

[0017] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the dielectric hemisphere is coaxial and concentric with the right end face of the metallic circular waveguide, and the distance between the center of the dielectric hemisphere and the center of the left end face of the metallic circular waveguide is L.

[0018] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the dielectric hemisphere and the dielectric cylinder are coaxially and concentrically connected.

[0019] In the aforementioned energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, the dielectric cylinder is coaxially and concentrically connected to the right end face of the metallic circular waveguide.

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) This invention discloses an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. By utilizing the quasi-optical characteristics of terahertz waves and combining the principle of convex lenses, a highly efficient energy coupling between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide is designed and realized, and the length of the energy coupling device is effectively reduced.

[0022] (2) This invention discloses an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. By loading a dielectric cylinder, the coaxial alignment requirement between the dielectric hemisphere and the metal circular waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide is effectively guaranteed, and the processing and assembly are relatively simple. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of a metal circular waveguide, a dielectric hemisphere, and a dielectric cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a medium cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission characteristics simulation results of an energy coupling device between a metal circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Reference Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, the energy coupling device between the metal circular waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide includes: a metal circular waveguide 1, a dielectric hemisphere 2, and a dielectric cylinder 3. The dielectric hemisphere 2 and the dielectric cylinder 3 are disposed on the right side of the metal circular waveguide 1; the dielectric hemisphere 2 is located inside the metal circular waveguide 1; and the dielectric cylinder 3 is connected to the right end face of the metal circular waveguide 1.

[0029] In this embodiment, the energy coupling device serves as a connector between the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. The input terminal 4 on the left is connected to the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide, and the output terminal 5 on the right is connected to the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. This device is used to realize the mode conversion from the HE11 mode of the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide to the HE11' mode of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. Specifically, when an electromagnetic signal in quasi-Gaussian HE11 mode is input into the metal circular waveguide 1 through the input terminal 4 of the energy coupling device, due to the matching between the metal circular waveguide 1 and the input terminal 4, most of the electromagnetic wave signal enters the metal circular waveguide 1, and the main mode transmitted within the metal circular waveguide 1 is the quasi-Gaussian HE11 mode. The dielectric hemisphere 2, coaxial with the metal circular waveguide 1, performs energy coupling on the electromagnetic waves transmitted to it. The transmission characteristics of the entire energy coupling device can be adjusted by adjusting the distance L between the center of the dielectric hemisphere 2 and the center of the left end face of the metal circular waveguide 1. Finally, the coupled electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide through the output terminal 5 of the energy coupling device by the dielectric cylinder 3. Since the above structure is a simple two-dimensional metal circle and dielectric waveguide, the energy coupling device described in this invention can reduce the difficulty of fabrication and assembly while ensuring high coupling efficiency, wide operating bandwidth, and high compactness.

[0030] In this embodiment, the diameter of the metal circular waveguide 1 is equal to the diameter of the dielectric hemisphere 2, and also equal to the diameter of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core.

[0031] In this embodiment, the materials of the dielectric hemisphere 2 and the dielectric cylinder 3 are the same as the material of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core. For example, the material of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core is polypropylene (PP) with a dielectric constant of 2.26. ； Both the medium hemisphere 2 and the medium cylinder 3 are made of polypropylene (PP). 。

[0032] In this embodiment, the diameter D of the dielectric cylinder 3 is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the structural transmission characteristics requirements. It should be noted that a larger diameter D will result in greater electromagnetic signal leakage.

[0033] In this embodiment, the dielectric hemisphere 2 is coaxial and concentric with the right end face of the metallic circular waveguide 1, and the distance between the center of the dielectric hemisphere 2 and the center of the left end face of the metallic circular waveguide 1 is L. Preferably, this distance L is substantially equal to the focal length of a hemispherical convex lens of the same radius, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the reflection characteristics requirements of the entire energy coupling device.

[0034] In this embodiment, the dielectric hemisphere 2 and the dielectric cylinder 3 are coaxially and concentrically connected.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dielectric cylinder 3 is coaxially and concentrically connected to the right end face of the metal circular waveguide 1, and its thickness t is usually 0.5 to 1 times the wavelength of the center working frequency, which can be appropriately adjusted according to the processing technology and mechanical strength requirements.

[0036] Based on the above embodiments, the following is an explanation with reference to a specific example.

[0037] This invention discloses an energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. The left end of the metallic circular waveguide is used as the input terminal 4, and the right end of the dielectric cylinder is used as the output terminal 5. The center operating frequency is 220 GHz. The energy coupling device includes: a metallic circular waveguide 1, a dielectric hemisphere 2, and a dielectric cylinder 3. Figure 4 As shown, the energy coupling device described in this invention has good microwave transmission characteristics in the 200-227 GHz range.

[0038] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0039] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide, characterized in that, include: Metallic circular waveguide (1), dielectric hemisphere (2) and dielectric cylinder (3); The dielectric hemisphere (2) and dielectric cylinder (3) are positioned on the right side of the metallic circular waveguide (1); The dielectric hemisphere (2) is located inside the metallic circular waveguide (1); The dielectric cylinder (3) is connected to the right end face of the metal circular waveguide (1); The energy coupling device serves as a connector between the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide and the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. The input end (4) on the left is connected to the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide, and the output end (5) on the right is connected to the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. It is used to realize the mode conversion from the HE11 mode of the quasi-Gaussian mode HE11 waveguide to the HE11' mode of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide. The diameter of the metal circular waveguide (1) is equal to the diameter of the dielectric hemisphere (2) and equal to the diameter of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core. The diameter D of the dielectric cylinder (3) is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core; The dielectric hemisphere (2) is coaxial and concentric with the right end face of the metal circular waveguide (1), and the distance between the center of the dielectric hemisphere (2) and the center of the left end face of the metal circular waveguide (1) is L; The medium hemisphere (2) and the medium cylinder (3) are coaxially and concentrically connected.

2. The energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic signal of the quasi-Gaussian HE11 mode is input into the metal circular waveguide (1) through the input end (4) of the energy coupling device. After energy coupling through the dielectric hemisphere (2), the coupled electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide through the output end (5) of the energy coupling device by the dielectric cylinder (3).

3. The energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials of the dielectric hemisphere (2) and the dielectric cylinder (3) are the same as the materials of the terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core.

4. The energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dielectric hemisphere (2), dielectric cylinder (3), and terahertz dielectric circular waveguide core are all made of polypropylene (PP).

5. The energy coupling device between a metallic circular waveguide and a terahertz dielectric circular waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric cylinder (3) is coaxially and concentrically connected to the right end face of the metal circular waveguide (1).

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