A hydraulic plow suitable for sandy black soil

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural implements, specifically a hydraulic plow suitable for sandy black soil, including a plow frame and a plow body. The sandy black soil profile configuration is a black soil layer, a submerged layer, and a sandy layer. In the 1.5m control layer section, there must be two basic layers of black soil layer and sandy layer at the same time. The sandy black soil is rich in clay particles, and the clay minerals are mainly expansive 2:1 type montmorillonite, which has strong expansion and contraction properties. The soil is cracked and rigid when dry, swells and becomes muddy when wet, is prone to drought and waterlogging, and is difficult to plow and harrow, which seriously restricts the production potential of farmland soil. It is one of the main soil types of medium and low-yield fields. At present, the traditional plowing method is difficult to reasonably control the plowing depth when facing the sandy black soil land cultivation operation, so as to break the adhesion and rigidity of the sandy black soil plow bottom layer. The tillage layer is shallow and it is difficult to prevent the compacted soil from falling back to cause secondary covering of the turned-up soil, resulting in uneven fertility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural implements, in particular to a hydraulic plow suitable for sandy black soil. Background Art

[0002] Shajiang black soil is a semi-hydromorphic soil developed on river-lake sediments under the semi-humid climate conditions of the warm temperate zone and formed by de-swamping. Therefore, it is mostly distributed in depressions at the junction of piedmonts, depressions between hills and rivers.

[0003] The profile configuration of Shajiang black soil is black soil layer-de-submerged layer-Shajiang layer; within the 1.5m control layer section, there must be two basic layers of black soil layer and Shajiang layer at the same time. Shajiang black soil is rich in clay particles, and the clay minerals are mainly expansive 2:1 type montmorillonite, which has strong swelling and shrinkage. The soil is cracked and rigid when dry, swollen and muddy when wet, prone to drought and waterlogging, difficult to plow and harrow, which seriously restricts the production potential of farmland soil and is one of the main soil types of medium and low-yield fields.

[0004] The current traditional plowing method, when faced with tillage operations on loam black soil, is difficult to reasonably control the plowing depth to break the stickiness and stiffness of the loam black soil plow bottom layer. The plowing layer is shallow and it is difficult to prevent the compacted soil from falling back, causing secondary coverage of the turned-up soil, resulting in uneven fertility problems.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a hydraulic plow suitable for sandy black soil, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic plow suitable for sandy black soil; thereby solving the problem that traditional plowing methods are difficult to avoid secondary falling of compacted soil after plowing, resulting in low soil exchange between layers, severe adhesion and stiffness, and a shallow tillage layer.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is a hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sand ginger black soil, including a plow frame and a plow body, the plow body is provided with a plurality of plow bodies, and the plow bodies are all installed on the plow frame, the upper part of the plow frame is provided with a traction frame, and the lower part of the plow frame is provided with a traction wheel. In addition, it also includes a depth clamp and a plow cutter.

[0008] The depth-fixing clamp is hingedly installed on the plow frame, a slide groove is provided at the lower part of the depth-fixing clamp, the plow body is slidably installed in the slide groove of the depth-fixing clamp, a depth-fixing hydraulic cylinder is hingedly installed on the plow frame, and the telescopic end of the depth-fixing hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the end of the depth-fixing clamp.

[0009] The plow blade is fixedly mounted on the plow body.

[0010] Preferably, the plow body is slidably mounted on the depth clamp in an incomplete arc shape, one end of the arc structure of the plow body is connected to the depth clamp via a tension spring, and the inner annular surface of the arc contour of the plow body faces the traction walking direction of the plow frame.

[0011] Preferably, the plurality of plow bodies are arranged in multiple rows from front to back on the plow frame, and the multiple rows of plow bodies are staggered with each other front to back.

[0012] Preferably, an extension portion is provided in the middle portion of the arc structure of the plow body along the tangent direction of its outer contour, a knot removing groove is opened at the extension portion, a knot removing plate is slidably installed in the knot removing groove, a compression spring is connected between the knot removing plate and the extension portion, sleeve shafts are symmetrically installed on both sides of the knot removing plate, a through shaft is rotatably installed at the end of the sleeve shaft, and a knot removing wheel is fixedly installed in the middle of the through shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the knot removing wheel is located inside the knot removing groove, and a knife-edge groove with a crescent-shaped profile is circumferentially provided on the outer contour of the knot removing wheel.

[0014] Preferably, groove cleaning pieces are slidably mounted on both ends of the through-shaft, and a telescopic spring is sleeved on the through-shaft between the groove cleaning piece and the end of the sleeve shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the groove cleaning piece is in an inverted "eight" shape and is installed on both sides of the knot removing wheel respectively. The outer diameter of the groove cleaning piece is smaller than the outer diameter of the knot removing wheel. The groove cleaning piece is provided with grinding claws along its circumference.

[0016] Preferably, a donation frame is hingedly installed in the middle part of the plow frame, a donation hydraulic cylinder is hingedly installed on the plow frame, and the telescopic end of the donation hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the donation frame, a donation roller is fixedly installed at the end of the donation frame, a donation groove is opened on the inner side of the donation roller, and a donation bin is fixedly installed on the upper part of the plow frame, and the lower part of the donation bin is connected to the donation groove on the inner side of the donation roller through a donation pipe.

[0017] Preferably, both ends of the donation rack are equipped with donation wheels by means of rotational cooperation, a donation rod is commonly connected between the two donation wheels, and the donation rod passes through the donation roller from the axial position, and a discharge notch is arranged at the lower part of the donation roller.

[0018] Preferably, a baffle is fixedly installed on the inner upper part of the donating roller, the baffle is located at the connecting port between the donating tube and the donating roller, the baffle is made of elastic material and teeth are evenly opened in the middle of the baffle, and a dispersion rod is installed on the outer contour of the donating rod in a spiral manner. The diameter of the dispersion rod is larger than the width of the teeth in the middle of the baffle, and the dispersion rod is in sliding contact with the baffle during rotation.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] (1) In the present invention, the plowing depth of the coulter can be adjusted in real time according to the plowing soil area or the change of soil compaction properties through the operation of the fixed depth hydraulic cylinder, thereby breaking the plow bottom layer and solving the problem of shallow tillage layer.

[0021] (2) In the present invention, by enabling the plow body to maintain a small degree of deflection during the plowing process, the adhesion of the soil on the plow body and the plow blade can be reduced when the sandy black soil is wet or dry and compacted, thereby avoiding the attachment and carrying of the soil during the plowing process, reducing the travel resistance and the quality of subsequent plowing operations.

[0022] (3) In the present invention, the quantitative and uniform dropping of fertilizer can be achieved during the plowing operation, and with the subsequent plowing, the fertilizer and the sand ginger black soil are evenly mixed, thereby improving the fertility of the land while plowing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first overall connection structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main view;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A side view schematic diagram of

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the donating roller and the plow frame in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the plow body and the plow blade in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the baffle and the dispersion rod in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the plow body and the extension part in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the knot removal wheel and the slot cleaning sheet in the present invention;

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1. Plough frame; 2. Plough body; 11. Traction wheel; 3. Depth clamp; 12. Depth hydraulic cylinder; 4. Plough cutter; 21. Tension spring; 22. Extension part; 23. Deknot remover plate; 24. Compression spring; 25. Sleeve shaft; 26. Through shaft; 27. Deknot remover wheel; 28. Groove cleaning piece; 281. Telescopic spring; 282. Grinding claw; 5. Donation frame; 13. Donation hydraulic cylinder; 51. Donation roller; 14. Donation bin; 15. Donation tube; 52. Donation wheel; 53. Donation rod; 54. Baffle; 55. Dispersion rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic plow suitable for sandy black soil, which solves the problem that the traditional plowing method is difficult to avoid the secondary fall of compacted soil after plowing, resulting in low soil exchange degree in each layer, severe adhesion and stiffness, and shallow tillage layer.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 ,as well as Figure 7 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention proposes a hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sand ginger black soil, including a plow frame 1 and a plow body 2, the plow body 2 is provided with a plurality of plow bodies 2, and the plow body 2 is installed on the plow frame 1, the upper part of the plow frame 1 is provided with a traction frame, and the lower part of the plow frame 1 is provided with a traction wheel 11, in addition, it also includes a depth clamp 3 and a plow blade 4.

[0037] The depth-fixing clamp 3 is hingedly installed on the plow frame 1, a sliding groove is opened at the lower part of the depth-fixing clamp 3, and the plow body 2 is slidably installed in the sliding groove of the depth-fixing clamp 3. A depth-fixing hydraulic cylinder 12 is hingedly installed on the plow frame 1, and the telescopic end of the depth-fixing hydraulic cylinder 12 is hinged to the end of the depth-fixing clamp 3, and the plow blade 4 is fixedly installed on the plow body 2.

[0038] During operation, the existing agricultural locomotive is connected to the upper traction frame of the plow frame 1, so that the plow frame 1 and the plow body 2 can walk and plow on the sandy ginger black soil surface. Under the ground support of the traction wheel 11, the plow body 2 and the soil surface maintain a predetermined height above the ground. Then, according to the plowing depth requirement, the fixed depth hydraulic cylinder 12 is started to work, and the fixed depth clamp 3 is pushed by the fixed depth hydraulic cylinder 12 to flip in the direction close to the ground, thereby driving the plow body 2 and the plow blade 4 to flip as a whole, so that the plow blade 4 is embedded in the soil at a predetermined depth position. Then, the telescopic end of the fixed depth hydraulic cylinder 12 is kept in an extended state, and then the existing agricultural locomotive is started to walk in the field, thereby realizing the soil plowing operation. In this process, according to the plowing soil area or the changes in the compaction properties of the soil, the plowing depth of the plow blade 4 can be adjusted in real time through the work of the fixed depth hydraulic cylinder 12, thereby breaking the plow bottom layer and solving the problem of the shallow tillage layer.

[0039] Further, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the plow body 2 is slidably installed on the depth clamp 3 in an incomplete arc shape, and a proximity sensor for monitoring the deflection angle of the plow body 2 is fixedly installed on the depth clamp 3. One end of the arc structure of the plow body 2 is connected to the depth clamp 3 through a tension spring 21. The inner annular surface of the arc contour of the plow body 2 faces the traction walking direction of the plow frame 1. A plurality of plow bodies 2 are arranged in multiple rows from front to back on the plow frame 1, and the multiple rows of plow bodies 2 are staggered with each other front and back.

[0040] When the plow body 2 is embedded in the soil for plowing operations, the reaction force generated by the soil obstruction causes the plow body 2 to always be subjected to a counterclockwise rotational force. At this time, under the traction of the tension spring 21, the reverse resistance exerted on the plow body 2 can be balanced, and the plow body 2 can maintain a deflection within an appropriate range during the forward plowing process. The sandy ginger black soil is a semi-hydrogenic soil formed under the semi-humid climate conditions of the warm temperate zone, mainly under the influence of local factors such as topography, parent material, groundwater and biological factors. It is rich in clay particles, and the clay minerals are mainly expansive 2:1 type montmorillonite, which has strong swelling and shrinkage properties. The soil cracks and becomes rigid when dry, expands and becomes muddy when wet, is prone to drought and waterlogging, and is difficult to plow and harrow. By maintaining a small degree of deflection ability of the plow body 2 during the plowing process, the adhesion of the soil to the plow body 2 and the plow blade 4 can be reduced when the sandy ginger black soil is moist, thereby avoiding the attachment and carrying of the soil during the plowing process, reducing the travel resistance and the quality of subsequent plowing operations. In addition, when the soil is compacted or there are stones and rocks embedded in the soil, the travel resistance of the plow blade 4 suddenly increases after contacting the stone. At this time, the pulling degree of the tension spring 21 increases, and the elastic force of the tension spring 21 provides the plow blade 4 with a certain degree of protective buffering ability, thereby avoiding the blade curling or cracking at the blade edge of the plow blade 4, thereby improving the use of the plow blade 4. The plow body 2 is arc-shaped, and with the tension of the tension spring 21, the plow body 2 can apply an inclined upward thrust to the stone after touching it, so as to turn over the stone, and then the farmers can collect and clean it to avoid secondary damage caused by the stone. When the stone is large, the degree of obstruction of the plow body 2 after contacting it increases accordingly. At this time, the relative displacement between the plow body 2 and the depth clamp 3 increases, and the proximity sensor is used to measure the yield angle of the plow body 2 and issue an early warning in time. Then, the farmers check the position and size of the stones in the obstructed area of ​​​​cultivation, and perform manual cleaning operations to prevent deformation damage to the plow blade 4 or the plow body 2, thereby improving the service life and subsequent plowing quality.

[0041] Further, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, an extension portion 22 is provided in the middle of the arc structure of the plow body 2 along the tangent direction of its outer contour, a knot removing groove is opened at the position of the extension portion 22, a knot removing plate 23 is slidably installed in the knot removing groove, a compression spring 24 is connected between the knot removing plate 23 and the extension portion 22, sleeve shafts 25 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the knot removing plate 23, a through shaft 26 is rotatably installed at the end of the sleeve shaft 25, a knot removing wheel 27 is fixedly installed in the middle of the through shaft 26, the knot removing wheel 27 is located on the inner side of the knot removing groove, and a crescent-shaped knife-edge groove is opened in the circumferential direction of the outer contour of the knot removing wheel 27.

[0042] When the plow body 2 and the plow blade 4 are performing plowing operations, in order to prevent the compacted soil from rolling down into the plow furrow again and causing secondary coverage of the plow bottom layer, the extension portion 22 moves synchronously during the plow body 2 walking in the field. At this time, under the elastic support of the compression spring 24, the de-knot wheel 27 rolls close to the bottom layer of the plow furrow opened by the plow blade 4. At this time, if the compacted soil falls back to the bottom layer of the plow furrow, the crescent-shaped blade groove can be used to break the compacted soil during rolling, thereby avoiding secondary coverage of the plow bottom layer caused by the soil falling back, improving the degree of soil exposure after plowing of the sand ginger black soil, and increasing the air permeability and the alternation of soil fertility.

[0043] Further, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, both ends of the through shaft 26 are slidably mounted with groove cleaning pieces 28, and a telescopic spring 281 is sleeved on the through shaft 26 between the groove cleaning piece 28 and the end of the sleeve shaft 25. The groove cleaning pieces 28 are in an inverted "eight" shape and are respectively mounted on both sides of the de-knot wheel 27. The outer contour diameter of the groove cleaning piece 28 is smaller than the outer contour diameter of the de-knot wheel 27, and the groove cleaning piece 28 is provided with grinding claws 282 along its circumference.

[0044] In order to further improve the exchange degree of the upper and lower layers of soil after the sand ginger black soil is turned over, and to improve the uniformity of fertility, in the process of the de-knot wheel 27 rolling over the plowing furrows, it drives the through shaft 26 to rotate synchronously, and drives the trough cleaning piece 28 to rotate through the through shaft 26. Since the trough cleaning piece 28 is installed at an angle, in the process of following the rotation of the through shaft 26, the upper and lower deflection directions alternate in sequence, and thereby the rolled soil close to the position of the de-knot wheel 27 is gradually pushed to the two sides of the gully, and in the process of pushing, the large-particle compacted soil is crushed by the gradual change of the distance between the de-knot wheel 27 and the de-knot wheel 27. The grinding claws 282 circumferentially arranged on the trough cleaning piece 28 can cyclically turn over and mix the soil on the path it passes through during the circumferential rotation, thereby realizing the mixing and alternation between the upper and lower layers of soil in the plowing area and improving the uniformity of soil fertility.

[0045] Further, such as Figures 3 to 6As shown, a donation frame 5 is hingedly installed in the middle of the plow frame 1, a donation hydraulic cylinder 13 is hingedly installed on the plow frame 1, and the telescopic end of the donation hydraulic cylinder 13 is hinged to the donation frame 5, a donation roller 51 is fixedly installed at the end of the donation frame 5, and a donation groove is opened inside the donation roller 51, a donation bin 14 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the plow frame 1, and the lower part of the donation bin 14 is connected to the donation groove inside the donation roller 51 through a donation pipe 15, and donation wheels 52 are installed at both ends of the donation frame 5 by rotating cooperation, and the two donation wheels 52 are connected together. The donating rod 53 passes through the donating roller 51 from the axial position. A discharge slot is provided at the lower part of the donating roller 51. A baffle 54 is fixedly installed on the inner upper part of the donating roller 51. The baffle 54 is located at the connecting port position between the donating tube 15 and the donating roller 51. The baffle 54 is made of elastic material and teeth are evenly provided in the middle of the baffle 54. The outer contour of the donating rod 53 is spirally installed with a dispersion rod 55. The diameter of the dispersion rod 55 is larger than the width of the teeth in the middle of the baffle 54, and the dispersion rod 55 is in sliding contact with the baffle 54 during rotation.

[0046] Along with the plowing operation during the walking of the plow frame 1 in the field, in order to improve the problem of decreased fertility of the sand ginger black soil, before the plowing operation, the farming personnel first add granular organic fertilizer and soil conditioner of appropriate volume and weight into the applicator bin 14. Under the initial condition, the baffle 54 is in a vertical state, and the bottom outlet end of the applicator pipe 15 is in an open state. Then, under the action of gravity and the vibration of the plow frame 1 when walking in the field, the fertilizer immediately falls into the applicator roller 51 through the applicator pipe 15, and falls into the soil after plowing from the discharge slot position at the bottom of the applicator roller 51. Then, the applicator hydraulic cylinder 13 is started to work, and the applicator frame 5 is pushed to deflect by the applicator hydraulic cylinder 13, so that the applicator wheel 52 contacts with the soil and rolls, and the applicator rod 53 is driven to rotate by the applicator wheel 52. The fertilizer in the dispensing roller 51 is dispersed and moved during the circumferential rotation of the dispensing rod 55, thereby improving the uniformity of the fertilizer falling into the soil. Along with the rotation of the dispensing rod 55, it intermittently contacts the side wall of the baffle 54. During the contact between the two, it pushes the baffle 54 to deflect toward the discharge port of the dispensing tube 15, thereby blocking the discharge port of the dispensing tube 15, thereby preventing the fertilizer from falling. This reciprocating process can achieve quantitative and uniform dropping of fertilizer during plowing operations, and along with the subsequent plowing, achieve uniform mixing of fertilizer and sand ginger black soil, thereby improving the fertility of the land while plowing.

[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sandy black soil, comprising a plow frame (1) and a plow body (2), wherein the plow body (2) is provided with a plurality of plow bodies (2), and each of the plow bodies (2) is mounted on the plow frame (1), wherein: The upper part of the plow frame (1) is provided with a traction frame, the lower part of the plow frame (1) is provided with a traction wheel (11), and further comprises A depth-fixing clamp (3), wherein the depth-fixing clamp (3) is hingedly mounted on the plow frame (1), a slide groove is provided at the bottom of the depth-fixing clamp (3), the plow body (2) is slidably mounted in the slide groove of the depth-fixing clamp (3), and a proximity sensor for monitoring the deflection angle of the plow body (2) is fixedly mounted on the depth-fixing clamp (3), a depth-fixing hydraulic cylinder (12) is hingedly mounted on the plow frame (1), and a telescopic end of the depth-fixing hydraulic cylinder (12) is hingedly connected to an end of the depth-fixing clamp (3); A plow (4), wherein the plow (4) is fixedly mounted on the plow body (2); An extension portion (22) is provided in the middle of the arc structure of the plow body (2) along the tangent direction of its outer contour, a knot removal groove is provided at the position of the extension portion (22), a knot removal plate (23) is slidably installed in the knot removal groove, a compression spring (24) is connected between the knot removal plate (23) and the extension portion (22), sleeve shafts (25) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the knot removal plate (23), a through shaft (26) is rotatably installed at the end of the sleeve shaft (25), and a knot removal wheel (27) is fixedly installed in the middle of the through shaft (26); The knot removing wheel (27) is located inside the knot removing groove, and a knife-edge groove with a crescent-shaped profile is provided in the circumferential direction of the outer contour of the knot removing wheel (27); Both ends of the through-shaft (26) are slidably mounted with groove-clearing pieces (28), and a telescopic spring (281) is sleeved on the through-shaft (26) between the groove-clearing piece (28) and the end of the sleeve shaft (25); The groove cleaning pieces (28) are in an inverted "eight" shape and are respectively installed on both sides of the knot removing wheel (27). The outer diameter of the groove cleaning pieces (28) is smaller than the outer diameter of the knot removing wheel (27). The groove cleaning pieces (28) are provided with grinding claws (282) along their circumference.

2. A hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plow body (2) is slidably mounted on the depth-fixing clamp (3) in an incomplete arc shape, one end of the arc structure of the plow body (2) is connected to the depth-fixing clamp (3) via a tension spring (21), and the inner annular surface of the arc profile of the plow body (2) faces the traction walking direction of the plow frame (1).

3. A hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of plough bodies (2) are arranged in a plurality of rows from front to back on the plough frame (1), and the plurality of rows of plough bodies (2) are mutually staggered front to back.

4. A hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A donation frame (5) is hingedly mounted on the middle of the plow frame (1), a donation hydraulic cylinder (13) is hingedly mounted on the plow frame (1), and the telescopic end of the donation hydraulic cylinder (13) is hingedly connected to the donation frame (5), a donation roller (51) is fixedly mounted on the end of the donation frame (5), a donation groove is provided inside the donation roller (51), and a donation bin (14) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the plow frame (1), and the lower part of the donation bin (14) is connected to the donation groove inside the donation roller (51) through a donation pipe (15).

5. A hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the donation rack (5) are provided with donation wheels (52) in a rotationally matched manner, a donation rod (53) is commonly connected between the two donation wheels (52), and the donation rod (53) passes through the donation roller (51) from the axis position, and a discharge notch is provided at the bottom of the donation roller (51).

6. A hydraulic moldboard plow suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: A baffle (54) is fixedly mounted on the inner upper portion of the donating roller (51), the baffle (54) being located at a communication port between the donating tube (15) and the donating roller (51), the baffle (54) being made of elastic material and having teeth grooves evenly arranged in the middle of the baffle (54), a dispersion rod (55) being mounted on the outer contour of the donating rod (53) in a spirally encircling manner, the diameter of the dispersion rod (55) being greater than the width of the teeth groove in the middle of the baffle (54), and the dispersion rod (55) being in sliding contact with the baffle (54) during rotation.

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