An intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environmental monitoring

Abstract

The application relates to the irrigation technical field and discloses a smart energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environment monitoring, which acquires the daily water requirement of crops in farmland through a crop growth monitoring module, sets the water flow of irrigation according to the daily water requirement, divides the farmland into several regions, then monitors the soil humidity, temperature and light intensity environmental parameters of each region in real time through an environment monitoring module, then processes and analyzes the environmental parameters through a data processing module to obtain the current irrigation indexes of each region, judges whether the set water flow of irrigation meets the irrigation requirements of each region based on the current irrigation indexes of each region, if some region does not meet the requirements, the region is watered through a sprinkling irrigation mode, then the water flow of the water supplement is calculated based on the environmental parameters, the water content of each region of the farmland is ensured to be consistent, and therefore the growth of crops in each region is ensured to be consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of irrigation technology, and specifically to a smart energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environmental monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional irrigation methods suffer from serious water waste and low irrigation efficiency. Therefore, developing a smart irrigation management system capable of intelligently adjusting irrigation volume is of great significance for achieving water-saving agriculture and increasing crop yields.

[0003] Most existing smart energy-saving irrigation management systems intelligently set daily irrigation amounts and schedule irrigation based on the growth status of crops in the farmland. However, they do not take into account that farmland is now mostly planted on a large scale, and the growing environment in different areas is different. Therefore, the water demand in different areas is also different. Intelligently setting daily irrigation amounts and scheduling irrigation may lead to uneven growth of crops in the farmland. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a smart energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environmental monitoring, thereby solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] A smart energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that the system includes: an environmental monitoring module, a data processing module, a crop growth monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and an execution module;

[0006] The environmental monitoring module monitors environmental parameters such as soil moisture, temperature and light intensity in real time through various sensors deployed in the farmland. The sensor data is transmitted to the data processing module wirelessly.

[0007] The data processing module is used to receive environmental parameter data sent by the environmental monitoring module and process and analyze the data. At the same time, the data processing module also has a historical data query function to obtain historical environmental parameter data.

[0008] The crop growth monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time status of crop growth and obtain the current water requirement of the crop based on the real-time status of crop growth.

[0009] The intelligent control module is used to generate irrigation decisions based on the analysis results of the data processing module and the current water demand of crops, and to control the execution module to carry out irrigation operations. It achieves precise irrigation by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump and the spray range of the nozzle.

[0010] The execution module includes a water pump, valves, and nozzles. The water pump is responsible for transporting water from the water source to the farmland, the valves are used to control the flow rate of the water, and the nozzles spray water onto the target area according to irrigation needs.

[0011] As a further description of the present invention, the working process of the environmental monitoring module includes:

[0012] The farmland is divided into n monitoring areas, and each area is equipped with a corresponding sensor to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area.

[0013] The working process of the crop growth monitoring module includes:

[0014] The system uses drones to acquire images of crops in farmland, and then uses image processing and analysis algorithms to extract the characteristic image data of the crops. The characteristic image data of the crops is then input into a trained neural network model, and the daily water requirements of the crops are output.

[0015] As a further description of the present invention, the process of obtaining the daily water requirement of crops includes:

[0016] Remote sensing image data of crops at various growth stages are selected from the database, segmented and merged, and the merged remote sensing image data is cross-checked by multiple people to reduce the error rate of visual interpretation, and then a dataset is formed.

[0017] The dataset is divided into a training set, a validation set, and a test set, with a ratio of 8:1:1 for the training set, validation set, and test set.

[0018] The neural network is trained using a dataset, and the current growth stage of the crop is calculated based on the trained neural network.

[0019] The daily water requirement of crops is determined based on their current growth stage.

[0020] As a further description of the present invention, the working process of the data processing module includes:

[0021] Obtain data on soil moisture variation over time, temperature variation over time, and light intensity variation over time for the i-th monitoring area within the historical time period prior to the current time.

[0022] Based on the acquired data, fit the soil moisture variation curve, temperature variation curve, and light intensity variation curve of the i-th monitoring area in the coordinate system for the historical time period before the current time.

[0023] For each monitoring area, obtain the area enclosed by the soil moisture variation curve over time and the x-axis during the historical time period before the current time. The area enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the curve of light intensity versus time and the x-axis .

[0024] As a further description of the present invention, the working process of the intelligent control module includes:

[0025] The current irrigation index for the i-th monitoring area is calculated using the following formula. :

[0026] ;

[0027] In the formula, For conversion factors, and These are the weighting coefficients. This is the area enclosed by the standard curve of temperature variation over time within a given historical time period prior to the current moment and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the standard curve of light intensity changing over time during the historical time period before the current moment and the x-axis;

[0028] Based on the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area Generate irrigation decisions.

[0029] As a further description of the present invention, the step of basing the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area... The process of generating irrigation decisions includes:

[0030] Obtain the daily water requirements of crops, and set the irrigation water flow rate based on these requirements. ;

[0031] The current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area Compared with the preset irrigation index threshold of the i-th monitoring area In comparison, if Less than The irrigation water flow rate The water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area must be met; otherwise, additional irrigation should be provided to the i-th monitoring area using sprinkler irrigation. Water flow rate.

[0032] As a further description of the present invention, the additional irrigation of the i-th monitoring area... The process of obtaining water flow includes:

[0033] Obtain the area of ​​the i-th monitoring region and soil bulk density ;

[0034] Calculated using the following formula :

[0035] ;

[0036] In the formula, For conversion factors, and For preset coefficients, This is a standard area reference value. This is a reference value for standard soil bulk density.

[0037] A smart energy-saving irrigation management method based on environmental monitoring, the method comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: Obtain the daily water requirements of crops in the farmland through the crop growth monitoring module;

[0039] Step S2: Divide the farmland into n monitoring areas, and set up corresponding sensors in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area;

[0040] Step S3: Calculate the current irrigation index for the i-th monitoring area based on the data obtained in step S2. ;

[0041] Step S4: Set the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area. Compared with the preset irrigation index threshold of the i-th monitoring area In comparison, if Less than The irrigation water flow rate The water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area must be met; otherwise, additional irrigation should be provided to the i-th monitoring area using sprinkler irrigation. The water flow rate is then determined, and the process proceeds to step S5;

[0042] Step S5: Obtain the area of ​​the i-th monitoring region. and soil bulk density Through formula calculate ;

[0043] Step S6: The execution module adjusts the nozzle to align with the i-th area and irrigates the i-th area. Water flow rate.

[0044] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0045] This invention obtains the daily water requirements of crops in farmland through a crop growth monitoring module, sets the irrigation water flow rate based on the daily water requirements, divides the farmland into several areas, and monitors the soil moisture, temperature, and light intensity environmental parameters of each area in real time through an environmental monitoring module. Then, a data processing module processes and analyzes the environmental parameters to obtain the current irrigation index of each area. Based on the current irrigation index of each area, it is determined whether the set irrigation water flow rate meets the irrigation needs of each area. If any area does not meet the needs, water is supplemented to that area through sprinkler irrigation. Then, the water flow rate for supplementing water is calculated based on the environmental parameters to ensure that the water content of each area of ​​the farmland is consistent, thereby ensuring that the crops grow uniformly in each area. Attached Figure Description

[0046] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a smart energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that the system includes: an environmental monitoring module, a data processing module, a crop growth monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and an execution module;

[0050] The environmental monitoring module monitors environmental parameters such as soil moisture, temperature and light intensity in real time through various sensors deployed in the farmland. The sensor data is transmitted to the data processing module wirelessly.

[0051] The data processing module is used to receive environmental parameter data sent by the environmental monitoring module and process and analyze the data. At the same time, the data processing module also has a historical data query function to obtain historical environmental parameter data.

[0052] The crop growth monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time status of crop growth and obtain the current water requirement of the crop based on the real-time status of crop growth.

[0053] The intelligent control module is used to generate irrigation decisions based on the analysis results of the data processing module and the current water demand of crops, and to control the execution module to carry out irrigation operations. It achieves precise irrigation by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump and the spray range of the nozzle.

[0054] The execution module includes a water pump, valves, and nozzles. The water pump is responsible for transporting water from the water source to the farmland, the valves are used to control the flow rate of the water, and the nozzles spray water onto the target area according to irrigation needs.

[0055] Through the above technical solution, this invention obtains the daily water requirements of crops in farmland through a crop growth monitoring module, sets the irrigation water flow rate based on the daily water requirements, divides the farmland into several areas, and then monitors the soil moisture, temperature, and light intensity environmental parameters of each area in real time through an environmental monitoring module. Then, the data processing module processes and analyzes the environmental parameters to obtain the current irrigation index of each area. Based on the current irrigation index of each area, it is determined whether the set irrigation water flow rate meets the irrigation needs of each area. If any area does not meet the needs, water is supplemented to that area through sprinkler irrigation. Then, the water flow rate for supplementing water is calculated based on the environmental parameters to ensure that the water content of each area of ​​the farmland is consistent, thereby ensuring that the crop growth is consistent in each area.

[0056] As a further description of the present invention, the working process of the environmental monitoring module includes:

[0057] The farmland is divided into n monitoring areas, and each area is equipped with a corresponding sensor to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area.

[0058] The working process of the crop growth monitoring module includes:

[0059] The system uses drones to acquire images of crops in farmland, and then uses image processing and analysis algorithms to extract the characteristic image data of the crops. The characteristic image data of the crops is then input into a trained neural network model, and the daily water requirements of the crops are output.

[0060] As a further description of the present invention, the process of obtaining the daily water requirement of crops includes:

[0061] Remote sensing image data of crops at various growth stages are selected from the database, segmented and merged, and the merged remote sensing image data is cross-checked by multiple people to reduce the error rate of visual interpretation, and then a dataset is formed.

[0062] The dataset is divided into a training set, a validation set, and a test set, with a ratio of 8:1:1 for the training set, validation set, and test set.

[0063] The neural network is trained using a dataset, and the current growth stage of the crop is calculated based on the trained neural network.

[0064] The daily water requirement of crops is determined based on their current growth stage.

[0065] As a further description of the present invention, the working process of the data processing module includes:

[0066] Obtain data on soil moisture variation over time, temperature variation over time, and light intensity variation over time for the i-th monitoring area within the historical time period prior to the current time.

[0067] Based on the acquired data, fit the soil moisture variation curve, temperature variation curve, and light intensity variation curve of the i-th monitoring area in the coordinate system for the historical time period before the current time.

[0068] For each monitoring area, obtain the area enclosed by the soil moisture variation curve over time and the x-axis during the historical time period before the current time. The area enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the curve of light intensity versus time and the x-axis .

[0069] As a further description of the present invention, the working process of the intelligent control module includes:

[0070] The current irrigation index for the i-th monitoring area is calculated using the following formula. :

[0071] ;

[0072] In the formula, For conversion factors, and These are the weighting coefficients. This is the area enclosed by the standard curve of temperature variation over time within a given historical time period prior to the current moment and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the standard curve of light intensity changing over time during the historical time period before the current moment and the x-axis;

[0073] Based on the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area Generate irrigation decisions.

[0074] As a further description of the present invention, the step of basing the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area... The process of generating irrigation decisions includes:

[0075] Obtain the daily water requirements of crops, and set the irrigation water flow rate based on these requirements. ;

[0076] The current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area Compared with the preset irrigation index threshold of the i-th monitoring area In comparison, if Less than The irrigation water flow rate The water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area must be met; otherwise, additional irrigation should be provided to the i-th monitoring area using sprinkler irrigation. Water flow rate.

[0077] As a further description of the present invention, the additional irrigation of the i-th monitoring area... The process of obtaining water flow includes:

[0078] Obtain the area of ​​the i-th monitoring region and soil bulk density ;

[0079] Calculated using the following formula :

[0080] ;

[0081] In the formula, For conversion factors, and For preset coefficients, This is a standard area reference value. This is a reference value for standard soil bulk density.

[0082] Using the above technical solution, this embodiment obtains the area enclosed by the soil moisture variation curve, temperature variation curve, and light intensity variation curve of the i-th monitoring area during the historical time period before the current time, respectively, and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the curve of light intensity versus time and the x-axis The cumulative changes of various environmental parameters are statistically analyzed by using the area enclosed by the curve and the x-axis to avoid misjudgment caused by instantaneous values. Then, the changes are calculated according to the formula. Calculate the current irrigation index for the i-th monitoring area. The current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area Compared with the preset irrigation index threshold of the i-th monitoring area In comparison, if Less than The irrigation water flow rate If the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area is met, then the physical parameters of the i-th area, i.e., its area, are obtained. and soil bulk density Then through the formula Calculate the additional water flow rate for sprinkler irrigation of the i-th monitoring area. .

[0083] A smart energy-saving irrigation management method based on environmental monitoring, the method comprising the following steps:

[0084] Step S1: Obtain the daily water requirements of crops in the farmland through the crop growth monitoring module;

[0085] Step S2: Divide the farmland into n monitoring areas, and set up corresponding sensors in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area;

[0086] Step S3: Calculate the current irrigation index for the i-th monitoring area based on the data obtained in step S2. ;

[0087] Step S4: Set the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area. Compared with the preset irrigation index threshold of the i-th monitoring area In comparison, if Less than The irrigation water flow rate The water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area must be met; otherwise, additional irrigation should be provided to the i-th monitoring area using sprinkler irrigation. The water flow rate is then determined, and the process proceeds to step S5;

[0088] Step S5: Obtain the area of ​​the i-th monitoring region. and soil bulk density Through formula calculate ;

[0089] Step S6: The execution module adjusts the nozzle to align with the i-th area and irrigates the i-th area. Water flow rate.

[0090] In this invention, all parameter calculations are purely numerical calculations, and no dimensions need to be considered.

[0091] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A smart energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that, The system includes: an environmental monitoring module, a data processing module, a crop growth monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and an execution module; The environmental monitoring module monitors environmental parameters such as soil moisture, temperature and light intensity in real time through various sensors deployed in the farmland. The sensor data is transmitted to the data processing module wirelessly. The data processing module is used to receive environmental parameter data sent by the environmental monitoring module and process and analyze the data. In addition, the data processing module also has a historical data query function to obtain historical environmental parameter data. The crop growth monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time status of crop growth and obtain the current water requirement of the crop based on the real-time status of crop growth. The intelligent control module is used to generate irrigation decisions based on the analysis results of the data processing module and the current water demand of crops, and to control the execution module to carry out irrigation operations. It achieves precise irrigation by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump and the spray range of the nozzle. The execution module includes a water pump, a valve, and a nozzle. The water pump is responsible for transporting water from the water source to the farmland, the valve is used to control the flow rate of the water, and the nozzle sprays water onto the target area according to irrigation needs. The working process of the data processing module includes: Obtain data on soil moisture variation over time, temperature variation over time, and light intensity variation over time for the i-th monitoring area within the historical time period prior to the current time. Based on the acquired data, fit the soil moisture variation curve, temperature variation curve, and light intensity variation curve of the i-th monitoring area in the coordinate system for the historical time period before the current time. For each monitoring area, obtain the area enclosed by the soil moisture variation curve over time and the x-axis during the historical time period before the current time. The area enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the curve of light intensity versus time and the x-axis ; The operation process of the intelligent control module includes: The current irrigation index for the i-th monitoring area is calculated using the following formula. : ； In the formula, For conversion factors, and These are the weighting coefficients. This is the area enclosed by the standard curve of temperature variation over time within a given historical time period prior to the current moment and the x-axis. The area enclosed by the standard curve of light intensity changing over time within the historical time period before the current moment and the x-axis; Based on the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area Generate irrigation decisions; The current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area is used as a basis. The process of generating irrigation decisions includes: Obtain the daily water requirements of crops, and set the irrigation water flow rate based on these requirements. ; The current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area Compared with the preset irrigation index threshold of the i-th monitoring area In comparison, if Less than The irrigation water flow rate The water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area must be met; otherwise, additional irrigation should be provided to the i-th monitoring area using sprinkler irrigation. Water flow rate; The additional irrigation for the i-th monitoring area The process of obtaining water flow includes: Obtain the area of ​​the i-th monitoring region and soil bulk density ; Calculated using the following formula : ； In the formula, For conversion factors, and For preset coefficients, This is a standard area reference value. This is a reference value for standard soil bulk density.

2. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working process of the environmental monitoring module includes: The farmland is divided into n monitoring areas, and each area is equipped with a corresponding sensor to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area. The working process of the crop growth monitoring module includes: The system uses drones to acquire images of crops in farmland, and then uses image processing and analysis algorithms to extract the characteristic image data of the crops. The characteristic image data of the crops is then input into a trained neural network model, and the daily water requirements of the crops are output.

3. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the daily water requirements of crops includes: Remote sensing image data of crops at various growth stages are selected from the database, segmented and merged, and the merged remote sensing image data is cross-checked by multiple people to reduce the error rate of visual interpretation, and then a dataset is formed. The dataset is divided into a training set, a validation set, and a test set, with a ratio of 8:1:1 for the training set, validation set, and test set. The neural network is trained using a dataset, and the current growth stage of the crop is calculated based on the trained neural network. The daily water requirement of crops is determined based on their current growth stage.

4. A smart energy-saving irrigation management method based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that, The method employs the intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring as described in any one of claims 1-3, and the method includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the daily water requirements of crops in the farmland through the crop growth monitoring module; Step S2: Divide the farmland into n monitoring areas, and set up corresponding sensors in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area; Step S3: Calculate the current irrigation index for the i-th monitoring area based on the data obtained in step S2. ; Step S4: Set the current irrigation index of the i-th monitoring area. Compared with the preset irrigation index threshold of the i-th monitoring area In comparison, if Less than The irrigation water flow rate The water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area must be met; otherwise, additional irrigation should be provided to the i-th monitoring area using sprinkler irrigation. The water flow rate is then determined, and the process proceeds to step S5; Step S5: Obtain the area of ​​the i-th monitoring region. and soil bulk density Through formula calculate ; Step S6: The execution module adjusts the nozzle to align with the i-th area and irrigates the i-th area. Water flow rate.

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