A solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration

Abstract

The present application discloses a solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and electricity, which relates to the field of solar evaporation technology, including a water production tank, the top of which is provided with at least one evaporation structure, the evaporation structure is used for evaporation and purification of liquid; a photothermal exchange layer, covering the top surface of the evaporation structure; a light-transmitting power generation unit, the power generation unit includes a friction power generation layer and a conductive layer, the friction power generation layer covers the photothermal exchange surface of the photothermal exchange layer, the conductive layer covers the friction power generation layer, and the conductive layer has a hollow structure. The interface evaporation device of the present application couples the functions of interface evaporation using solar energy on sunny days and power generation using raindrops on rainy days, realizes the cogeneration of water and electricity, and improves the practicality of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar evaporation, and in particular to a solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and electricity. Background Art

[0002] Traditional solar desalination technology mainly relies on bottom heating and overall heating of seawater to increase the temperature of seawater. However, the evaporation process only takes place on the surface of the seawater, which leads to relatively low energy utilization. In contrast, solar interfacial evaporation technology confines the process of converting solar energy into thermal energy to the interface between air and water by optimizing materials and structural design, thereby significantly improving the evaporation efficiency. However, the current solar interfacial evaporation device still has shortcomings such as low water production efficiency and single function. In particular, the working scene of the solar interfacial evaporation device is mainly sunny days with strong light. When it rains, the interfacial evaporation device is basically idle, and its performance cannot be comprehensively utilized under complex climate conditions (sunny or rainy days). Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve one of the above technical problems in the prior art. To this end, the present application embodiment provides a solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration, which effectively solves the problem that the interface evaporation device is idle under complex climate conditions (sunny or rainy days) and comprehensively utilizes its performance.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present application, a solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power is provided, comprising a water production tank, wherein at least one evaporation structure is arranged on the top of the water production tank, and the evaporation structure is used for evaporation and purification of liquid; a photothermal exchange layer, covering the top surface of the evaporation structure; a light-transmitting power generation unit, wherein the power generation unit comprises a friction power generation layer and a conductive layer, wherein the friction power generation layer covers the photothermal exchange surface of the photothermal exchange layer, and the conductive layer covers the friction power generation layer, and the conductive layer has a hollow structure.

[0005] The above-mentioned solar interface evaporation device for water and electricity cogeneration has at least the following beneficial effects: when there is sunshine on a sunny day, sunlight shines through the power generation unit to the photothermal exchange layer, and interface evaporation is achieved through the photothermal exchange layer. The multi-layer evaporation structure is set, and the heat generated by the photothermal exchange layer is transferred to the evaporation structure of the highest layer. The evaporation structure evaporates and purifies the relevant solution to produce water, and the remaining layers of evaporation structures use the evaporation enthalpy of the previous level to evaporate, and the evaporation enthalpy is reused to achieve a very high solar energy-water vapor conversion efficiency. On rainy days, when the photothermal exchange layer is in an idle state, raindrops fall onto the surface of the friction power generation layer exposed at the hollow structure. The friction power generation layer uses raindrops to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is transmitted to the battery or load element of the power generation unit through the conductive layer for storage. The setting of the hollow structure allows raindrops to better contact the friction power generation layer, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. The interface evaporation device of the present application couples the functions of using solar energy for interface evaporation on sunny days and using raindrops to generate electricity on rainy days, realizing water and electricity cogeneration and improving the practicality of the device.

[0006] According to the solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the friction power generation layer is arranged at an angle, and the inclination angle between the friction power generation layer and the horizontal is set to 30°~60°.

[0007] According to the solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the grid holes arranged in an array on the conductive layer form the hollow structure, and the width of the separation portion between two adjacent grid holes is set to 100 μm~500 μm.

[0008] According to the solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the conductive layer is made of transparent conductive oxide or nanosilver.

[0009] According to the solar interfacial evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the conductive layer is made of nanosilver, and the nanosilver is formed on the friction power generation layer by electroplating, and the thickness of the conductive layer is 80nm~120nm.

[0010] According to the solar interfacial evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the friction power generation layer is FEP or PTFE, the thickness of the friction power generation layer is set to 0.5mm~1mm, and the part of the friction power generation layer exposed from the grid holes is sprayed with a hydrophobic coating.

[0011] According to the solar interfacial evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the light heat exchange layer is a graphene layer, the conductive layer is electrically connected to the graphene layer, a light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer is arranged between the friction power generation layer and the graphene layer, and the thickness of the light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer is set to 3mm~7mm.

[0012] According to the solar interfacial evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the evaporation structure includes a water transport layer, a breathable and hydrophobic layer, a water conducting layer and a condensation layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the water transport layer and the water conducting layer are both made of fiber filter paper, the breathable and hydrophobic layer is made of PTFE material, the condensation layer is made of copper or aluminum, and the thickness of the condensation layer is set to 0.3mm~0.8mm.

[0013] According to the solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in an embodiment of the present application, the solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power also includes a first container and a second container, the first container is used to store liquid to be treated, the first container is arranged at a position higher than the second container, one side of the water delivery layer extends to the first container, the other side of the water delivery layer extends to the second container, and both sides of the water conducting layer extend to the water production tank.

[0014] According to the solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power described in the embodiment of the present application, the evaporation structure is provided with at least 3 layers, and the evaporation structures are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, the light heat exchange layer covers the top surface of the topmost evaporation structure, and a heat dissipation guide layer is provided outside the condensation layer of the evaporation structure at the bottom layer, one side of the heat dissipation guide layer enters the first container, and the other side of the heat dissipation guide layer enters the second container.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water production tank in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-conducting layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a water delivery layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a sealing box in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the coupling connection between the conductive layer and the friction power generation layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the coupling connection between the conductive layer, the friction power generation layer and the evaporation structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the coupling connection of the multi-layer evaporation structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure numerals: water production box 100, first container 110, second container 120, sealing box 130, bulb 210, conductive layer 220, grid hole 221, friction power generation layer 230, water transport layer 310, guide bar 311, water guide layer 320, drainage bar 321. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present application. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0031] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 2The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration of the embodiment of the present application includes a water production tank 100, a light-heat exchange layer, and a light-transmitting power generation unit.

[0033] Among them, at least one layer of evaporation structure is arranged on the top of the water production tank 100, and the evaporation structure is used for evaporation and purification of liquid. In order to improve the heat energy conversion efficiency, the evaporation structure can be arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom. Furthermore, the light heat exchange layer is arranged on the top surface of the evaporation structure. When the evaporation structure is arranged in multiple layers, the light heat exchange layer covers the topmost evaporation structure.

[0034] The power generation unit includes a friction power generation layer 230 and a conductive layer 220. The friction power generation layer 230 covers the light heat exchange surface of the light heat exchange layer, and the conductive layer 220 covers the friction power generation layer 230. The conductive layer 220 has a hollow structure.

[0035] A conductive layer is disposed between the evaporation structure and the light-heat exchange layer, and the conductive layer can conduct the heat generated by the light-heat exchange layer to the evaporation structure. Specifically, the conductive layer may be a copper plate or an aluminum plate.

[0036] It should be noted that the evaporation structure can spontaneously transport the liquid to be purified. When it is sunny on a sunny day, sunlight shines through the power generation unit to the photothermal exchange layer. When the liquid to be purified flows through the photothermal exchange layer, interfacial evaporation is achieved through the photothermal exchange layer. A multi-layer evaporation structure is set up, and the heat generated by the photothermal exchange layer is conducted to the evaporation structure of the highest layer. The evaporation structure evaporates the relevant solution to purify it and produce water. The remaining layers of evaporation structures use the evaporation enthalpy of the previous level to evaporate, and the evaporation enthalpy is reused to achieve a very high solar energy-water vapor conversion efficiency.

[0037] On rainy days, when the photothermal exchange layer is in an idle state, raindrops fall onto the surface of the friction power generation layer 230 exposed in the hollow structure. The friction power generation layer 230 uses raindrops to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is transmitted to the battery or load element of the power generation unit through the conductive layer 220 for storage. The setting of the hollow structure allows raindrops to better contact with the friction power generation layer 230, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the interface evaporation device of the present application couples the functions of using solar energy for interface evaporation on sunny days and using raindrops to generate electricity on rainy days, thereby achieving cogeneration of water and electricity and improving the practicality of the device.

[0039] In addition, the provision of a light-transmitting power generation unit does not affect the conversion efficiency of the photothermal exchange layer, and there is no need to make major modifications to the original structure, which reduces the cost of upgrading and reconstruction and also facilitates subsequent repair and maintenance.

[0040] In some embodiments, the friction power generation layer 230 is tilted, and the tilt angle between the friction power generation layer 230 and the horizontal is set to 30°~60°.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the friction power generation layer 230 is tilted at a certain angle (30°~60°), so that it can better cope with raindrops falling from all directions and improve the power generation performance.

[0042] Since the friction power generation layer 230 covers the photothermal exchange layer, and the photothermal exchange layer covers the evaporation structure, generally speaking, the inclination angles of the photothermal exchange layer and the evaporation structure are consistent with the inclination angle of the friction power generation layer 230 .

[0043] Furthermore, the evaporation structure is arranged on the top of the water production tank 100. In order to enable the evaporation structure to be arranged tilted, correspondingly, Figure 3 As shown, a slope is arranged on the top of the water production tank 100, and the slope angle of the slope matches the slope of the evaporation structure.

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the grid holes 221 arranged in an array on the conductive layer 220 form a hollow structure, and the width of the separation portion between two adjacent grid holes 221 is set to 100 μm~500 μm, so that the friction power generation layer 230 has more surface area for contact with raindrops, thereby improving the efficiency of friction power generation.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the mesh holes 221 can be circular, rectangular, or other polygonal shapes, which are not specifically limited here. The mesh holes 221 do not affect the conductive properties of the conductive layer 220 on the one hand, and on the other hand, they do not affect the power generation efficiency of the friction power generation layer 230, thereby increasing the power generation area ratio of the friction power generation layer 230.

[0046] In some embodiments, the conductive layer 220 is made of transparent conductive oxide or nano silver, and the transparent conductive oxide here can be In2O3 (ITO), SnO2 (FTO), etc.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the conductive layer 220 is made of nanosilver. Silver nanowires have excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, low surface resistance, extremely high transparency, and other characteristics. Compared with transparent conductive oxides and graphene, they have better mechanical strength and flexibility. Therefore, silver nanowires are used to make the conductive layer 220.

[0048] Among them, nanosilver is formed on the triboelectric power generation layer 230 by electroplating, and the thickness of the conductive layer 220 is 80nm~120nm. In a specific embodiment, a 100nm thick silver film is first evaporated on the substrate of the triboelectric power generation layer 230, and then the nanosilver grid holes 221 are prepared by ultraviolet photolithography, thereby forming Figure 4The topological hollow structure shown adopts the evaporation method to form the conductive layer 220, which can prevent the conductive layer 220 and the friction power generation layer 230 from falling off on rainy days.

[0049] In some embodiments, the friction power generation layer 230 is FEP or PTFE, and the thickness of the friction power generation layer 230 is set to 0.5 mm to 1 mm. An excessively thick friction power generation layer 230 will affect the entry of sunlight, thereby affecting the effect of the evaporation layer below.

[0050] The friction power generation process is that raindrops fall from a height, first spread on the surface of the friction power generation layer 230, and then shrink until they break away. When water droplets hit the surface of the friction power generation layer 230, the surface layer of the friction power generation layer 230 will generate and store electric charges, and friction electricity will be generated. During the sliding process of the droplets, the friction power generation layer 230 is connected through the contact between the droplets and the conductive layer 220 on the surface. Specifically, when the water droplets touch the conductive layer 220 on the surface of the friction power generation layer 230, the potential difference between the conductive layer 220 and the friction power generation layer 230 causes the positive and negative ions in the water to flow in a directional manner, the circuit is turned on, and current is generated, so that the charge generated by friction can be conducted to the storage module of the power generation unit through the conductive circuit for storage.

[0051] In some embodiments, during the preparation of the conductive layer 220 , the portion of the friction power generation layer 230 exposed outside the grid holes 221 is sprayed with a hydrophobic coating to facilitate raindrops to slide off the friction power generation layer 230 .

[0052] In addition, the thickness of the friction power generation layer 230 is set to 0.5 mm~1 mm, which can achieve a better power generation effect and does not affect the penetration of light.

[0053] Furthermore, there is a gap between the hydrophobic coating and the pore wall of the grid hole 221. When the droplets slide down, the friction power generation layer 230 is connected through the contact between the droplets and the conductive layer 220 on the surface, so that the charge generated by friction can be transmitted to the storage module of the power generation unit through the conductive circuit for storage.

[0054] In some embodiments, the photothermal exchange layer is a graphene layer, and the conductive layer 220 is electrically connected to the graphene layer. When the droplets slide down, the friction power generation layer 230 is connected to the conductive layer 220 on the surface through the contact between the droplets and the conductive layer 220, and the conductive layer 220 is connected to the graphene layer, thereby forming a conductive path, thereby being able to form current in the circuit.

[0055] In some embodiments, the power generation unit further includes a load and a battery. The load may be a power-consuming component such as a light bulb 210 or an indicator light, and the current generated by the conductive path is stored in the battery.

[0056] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the light bulb 210 is connected to the conductive layer 220 of the anode layer and the graphene layer of the cathode layer through wires. The charge generated after the raindrops slide down can power the LED light bulb 210. In order to ensure the application in the DC scenario, a circuit conversion element such as a rectifier bridge can be introduced into the load circuit.

[0057] In some embodiments, a graphene layer is prepared on a PI film by laser induction, and the preparation process is as follows: the PI film is adhered to a glass substrate (size: 10 cm * 10 cm). After washing the PI film with ethanol and deionized water respectively, it is cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner with a power of 350 W for 3 minutes. Laser-induced graphene material (LIG) is prepared using a continuous wave CO2 laser (wavelength: 10.6 μm, power: 3.7 W, spot size: ≈250 μm, scanning speed: 90 mm s−1, DPI: 1000). The sample is rinsed with deionized water for 10 s and then dried on a heating platform to obtain a porous laser-induced graphene layer.

[0058] In some embodiments, a light-transmitting heat-insulating layer is provided between the friction power generation layer 230 and the graphene layer, and the thickness of the light-transmitting heat-insulating layer is set to 3 mm to 7 mm. Specifically, the light-transmitting heat-insulating layer is aerogel, and the aerogel is selected as an ultra-transparent aerogel (average diameter of the pore structure ≈ 20 nm). The light transmittance of the ultra-transparent aerogel reaches 97%, ensuring that most of the solar radiation reaches the light absorption layer and is converted into heat. At the same time, the physical property of low thermal conductivity of the ultra-transparent aerogel (k<0.01 W m-1 K-1) can play a good role in heat insulation.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, the evaporation structure is provided with at least three layers, the evaporation structures are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and the optical heat exchange layer covers the top surface of the topmost evaporation structure.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the evaporation structure includes a water supply layer 310, a breathable and hydrophobic layer, a water conducting layer 320 and a condensation layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The water supply layer 310 and the water conducting layer 320 are both made of fiber filter paper, the breathable and hydrophobic layer is made of PTFE material, the condensation layer is made of copper or aluminum, and the thickness of the condensation layer is set to 0.3mm~0.8mm.

[0061] Among them, the thickness of the water transfer layer 310 and the water conducting layer 320 is set to 0.53 mm, and the thickness of the breathable hydrophobic layer is set to 0.5~1.0 mm. If the breathable hydrophobic layer is too thick, it will be useless and will waste space. The function of the breathable hydrophobic layer is to allow condensed water to pass through and allow concentrated brine to be smoothly collected through siphon action.

[0062] The liquid to be treated is transported through the water transport layer 310 , the steam is transported through the breathable water transport layer 310 , the condensation layer is used for condensing the steam, and the condensed water is collected in the water guide layer 320 , and the condensed water is transported to the water production tank 100 through the water guide layer 320 for storage.

[0063] In some embodiments, the solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power also includes a first container 110 and a second container 120. The first container 110 is used to store the liquid to be treated. The first container 110 is set at a position higher than the second container 120. One side of the water supply layer 310 extends to the first container 110, and the other side of the water supply layer 310 extends to the second container 120. Both sides of the water conducting layer 320 extend to the water production tank 100.

[0064] In the present application embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, both ends of the water delivery layer 310 have guide bars 311, and the guide bars 311 at both ends of the water delivery layer 310 extend into the first container 110 and the second container 120 respectively. The first container is used to store seawater, and the second container 120 is used to store concentrated seawater after purification.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one end of the water transfer layer 310 is placed in the seawater of the first container 110, and the other end is placed in the second container 120 to collect concentrated seawater, wherein the second container 120 for collecting concentrated seawater is located lower than the seawater, so the height difference of the water bodies at both ends can be used to form a siphon effect, which is convenient for the discharge of high-salinity seawater and prevents salt from being deposited on the water transfer layer 310 to affect the evaporation rate. The height difference between the first container 110 and the second container 120 and the inclined evaporation structure enable the interface evaporation device of the present application to maintain stability during long-term operation.

[0066] Among them, Figure 5 As shown, drainage strips 321 are arranged on both sides of the water-conducting layer 320 , and the evaporated water vapor can pass through the hydrophobic layer and obtain fresh water on the condensation layer, and then the drainage strips 321 on both sides of the water-conducting layer 320 transport the water to the water production tank 100 .

[0067] In the embodiment provided in the present application, the evaporation structure is provided with at least 3 layers, and the evaporation structures are stacked in sequence from top to bottom. The optical heat exchange layer covers the top surface of the topmost evaporation structure, and a heat dissipation guide layer is provided outside the condensation layer of the bottommost evaporation structure. One side of the heat dissipation guide layer enters the first container 110, and the other side of the heat dissipation guide layer enters the second container 120.

[0068] When the evaporation structure is provided with multiple layers, the heat generated by the condensation of water vapor is transferred to the next layer through the condensation layer for the next evaporation, and so on. A heat dissipation and flow guiding layer made of fiber filter paper is covered on the condensation layer of the last evaporation structure at the bottom. The heat dissipation and flow guiding layer is placed in the seawater of the first container 110 at one end and in the second container 120 for collecting concentrated seawater at the other end. The temperature of the last condensation plate is kept close to the ambient temperature through the flow of liquid, further improving the evaporation rate and heat utilization rate.

[0069] In some embodiments, the solar interface evaporation device for hydropower cogeneration of the present application further includes a sealing box 130, in which the evaporation structure is disposed. The sealing box 130 is made of nylon, which can reduce heat loss and improve the evaporation effect. Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing box 130.

[0070] The core device of the solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration of the present application includes a power generation unit, a light-heat conversion layer and an evaporation structure.

[0071] The power generation unit is composed of a conductive layer 220 and a friction power generation layer 230. When water droplets hit the surface of the friction power generation layer 230, the surface layer will generate and store electric charges, thereby generating electricity through friction. During the sliding process, the droplets come into contact with the conductive layer 220 on the surface and become conductive. The conductive layer 220 and the graphene layer used for photothermal conversion form a conductive path, thereby forming an electric current in the circuit. The power generation unit also contains an additional light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer, wherein the light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer is selected to be aerogel, whose transparency and strong heat transfer effect can allow light to irradiate the graphene layer as much as possible, thereby reducing photothermal loss.

[0072] The conductive layer is an aluminum plate or a copper plate, which has good thermal conductivity and can better transfer the heat converted by the graphene layer absorbing sunlight to the evaporation structure below; the multi-stage evaporation structure is composed of a water transport layer 310, a hydrophobic layer, a water-conducting layer 320 and a condensation layer (copper plate or aluminum plate). The water transport layer 310 is used to transport seawater for interface evaporation. At the same time, when the capillary force is used to transport seawater in the water transport layer 310, the height difference is used to create a siphon effect, and the concentrated seawater that has not been evaporated is removed in time to avoid the deposition of salt in the water transport layer 310, so as to ensure the continuous and stable evaporation of the interface.

[0073] In the multi-stage evaporation unit, the large amount of latent heat released by the condensation of water vapor on the surface of the condensation layer can heat the water in the next evaporation structure and drive the operation of the interface evaporation process of the next evaporation structure.

[0074] The interface evaporation device of the present application couples the functions of using solar energy for interface evaporation on sunny days and using raindrops to generate electricity on rainy days, so that the interface evaporation device can achieve cogeneration of water and electricity on rainy days and sunny days, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

[0075] In some specific embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, a transparent electrode or a fluorine-containing polymer (that is, the conductive layer 220 of the present application) and laser-induced graphene (that is, the friction power generation layer 230 of the present application) are connected by a cable to form a closed loop, thereby forming a power generation layer, wherein the transparent electrode or the fluorine-containing polymer serves as the upper electrode, and the laser-induced graphene serves as the lower electrode, and the laser-induced graphene serves as both an electrode and a functional component for photothermal exchange.

[0076] like Fig. 9 In some of the embodiments shown, aerogel is arranged between the transparent electrode or fluorine-containing polymer and the laser-induced graphene, and the aerogel serves as a light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer. The topmost evaporation layer (that is, the evaporation structure of the present application) is bonded to the laser-induced graphene. The evaporation structure includes cellulose filter paper (that is, the water transfer layer 310 of the present application), a porous hydrophobic membrane (that is, the breathable and hydrophobic layer of the present application), filter paper (that is, the water-conducting layer 320 of the present application) and an aluminum or copper plate (that is, the condensation layer of the present application). In two adjacent layers of the evaporation structure, the cellulose filter paper of the evaporation structure of the lower layer is bonded to the aluminum or copper plate of the upper layer. The cellulose filter paper of the lower layer can be used to cool the aluminum or copper plate of the upper layer, and at the same time, secondary evaporation is also achieved. Multi-stage evaporation is achieved by setting a multi-layer evaporation structure, thereby effectively improving the thermal energy conversion rate.

[0077] like Fig.10 In some specific embodiments shown, the multi-layer evaporation structures are coupled and stacked in sequence, the evaporation structure at the top layer is bonded to the laser-induced graphene, and a bottom filter paper is set on the other side of the aluminum or copper plate at the bottom layer of the evaporation structure to achieve cooling of the aluminum or copper plate through the siphon flow of seawater.

[0078] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power, characterized in that: include A water production tank, wherein at least one layer of evaporation structure is arranged on the top of the water production tank, and the evaporation structure is used for evaporation and purification of liquid; A light-heat exchange layer, covering the top surface of the evaporation structure; A light-transmitting power generation unit, the power generation unit comprising a friction power generation layer and a conductive layer, the friction power generation layer being arranged obliquely, the friction power generation layer covering the light heat exchange surface of the light heat exchange layer, the conductive layer covering the friction power generation layer, the conductive layer having a hollow structure, grid holes arranged in an array on the conductive layer forming the hollow structure, the width of the separation portion between two adjacent grid holes being set to 100 μm~500 μm, the thickness of the conductive layer being 80 nm~120 nm, and the thickness of the friction power generation layer being set to 0.5 mm~1 mm; The light-heat exchange layer is a graphene layer, the conductive layer is electrically connected to the graphene layer, a conductive loop is formed between the conductive layer and the graphene layer, a current is formed in the conductive loop, and a light-transmitting heat-insulating layer is arranged between the friction power generation layer and the graphene layer.

2. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inclination angle between the friction power generation layer and the horizontal is set to 30°~60°.

3. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The conductive layer is made of transparent conductive oxide or nano silver.

4. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 3 is characterized by: The conductive layer is made of nanosilver, and the nanosilver is formed on the friction power generation layer by electroplating.

5. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 4 is characterized by: The friction power generation layer is FEP or PTFE, and the portion of the friction power generation layer exposed from the grid holes is sprayed with a hydrophobic coating.

6. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thickness of the light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer is set to 3mm~7mm.

7. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The evaporation structure includes a water supply layer, a breathable and hydrophobic layer, a water conducting layer and a condensation layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the water supply layer and the water conducting layer are both made of fiber filter paper, the breathable and hydrophobic layer is made of PTFE material, the condensation layer is made of copper or aluminum, and the thickness of the condensation layer is set to 0.3mm~0.8mm.

8. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 7 is characterized by: The solar interface evaporation device for cogeneration of water and power also includes a first container and a second container. The first container is used to store liquid to be treated. The first container is arranged at a position higher than the second container. One side of the water delivery layer extends to the first container, the other side of the water delivery layer extends to the second container, and both sides of the water conducting layer extend to the water production tank.

9. The solar interface evaporation device for water and power cogeneration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The evaporation structure is provided with at least 3 layers, and the evaporation structures are stacked in sequence from top to bottom. The optical heat exchange layer covers the top surface of the topmost evaporation structure, and a heat dissipation guide layer is provided outside the condensation layer of the bottommost evaporation structure, one side of the heat dissipation guide layer enters the first container, and the other side of the heat dissipation guide layer enters the second container.

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