A high-temperature refractory mortar and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of putty, and specifically relates to a high-temperature putty and a preparation method thereof. The high-temperature putty comprises the following components in mass fraction: 70-75% of putty powder, 24-27% of binder, and 1-3% of additive. Among them, the putty powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder, 15-30 parts of graded alumina powder, 8-10 parts of graded silicon carbide powder, 15-25 parts of Suzhou clay, 10-20 parts of Guangdong clay, and 1.46-6.25 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified bentonite; the binder is obtained by mixing silica sol, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fiber, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2:(0.5-1):(0.2-0.4):2; the additive is obtained by mixing a dispersant, a water reducer, and an anti-carburizing agent in a mass ratio of 1:3:2.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mastic, and specifically relates to a high-temperature mastic and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature mastic is an essential bonding material for building the walls, channels, flues and fireboxes of kilns. It helps to stabilize the furnace structure, plays a key role in reducing heat dissipation, and can greatly reduce the cost of building kilns. High-temperature mastic bears the same load and high temperature as refractory masonry, and its quality directly affects the life of refractory masonry. Existing high-temperature mastic has the following defects: (1) High-temperature mastic expands when heated at a lower temperature, and when the temperature rises to a certain extent, a liquid phase appears and it begins to shrink, making it very easy to have fire leakage. Not only does the energy-saving effect fail to meet the requirements, the furnace wall structure is unstable, but also safety accidents are caused; (2) There are defects of poor adhesiveness and erosion resistance, and it is easy to be corroded; (3) The construction operation is difficult. If the high-temperature mastic is too thin, it is easy to flow out from the brick joints. If the high-temperature mastic is too dry, its fluidity is poor, affecting the construction efficiency and at the same time, its bonding performance will also deteriorate; (4) The thermal conductivity of high-temperature mastic is high, and a large amount of heat energy is transmitted outwards through the gaps, resulting in energy waste, increasing production costs, and the product quality cannot be guaranteed.

[0003] In view of the existing defects, the present invention will prepare a new type of high-temperature mastic, which has important value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature mastic and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-temperature mastic, comprising the following components in mass fractions: 70-75% of mastic powder, 24-27% of binder, and 1-3% of additive;

[0007] The mastic powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder, 15-30 parts of graded alumina powder, 8-10 parts of graded silicon carbide powder, 15-25 parts of Suzhou clay, 10-20 parts of Guangdong clay, and 1.46-6.25 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified bentonite;

[0008] The binder is obtained by mixing silica sol, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fiber, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2:(0.5-1):(0.2-0.4):2;

[0009] The additive is obtained by mixing a dispersant, a water reducer, and an anti-carburizing agent in a mass ratio of 1:3:2.

[0010] Further, the specific grading proportion relationship of the graded lightweight mullite brick powder is as follows: 75-80% of the lightweight mullite brick powder with a particle size < 0.074 mm, and 20-25% of the lightweight mullite brick powder with a particle size of 0.074-1 mm.

[0011] Further, the specific grading proportion relationship of the graded alumina powder is as follows: 75-80% of the alumina powder with a particle size < 0.074 mm, and 20-25% of the alumina powder with a particle size of 0.074-1 mm.

[0012] Further, the specific grading proportion relationship of the graded silicon carbide powder is as follows: 75-80% of the silicon carbide powder with a particle size < 0.074 mm, and 20-25% of the silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 0.074-1 mm.

[0013] In the present invention, by simultaneously introducing lightweight mullite brick powder, alumina powder, and silicon carbide powder as raw materials for the high-temperature mortar, its chemical composition is equivalent to that of the refractory masonry. The prepared high-temperature mortar has stronger adhesiveness, and can also greatly avoid harmful chemical reactions between different materials, causing erosion of the high-temperature mortar. Among them, the lightweight mullite brick powder has a lower thermal conductivity, so it can be used as a heat-insulating material to improve the heat insulation of the high-temperature mortar and play a role in reducing heat loss; although silicon carbide has a high thermal conductivity, its thermal expansion coefficient is low. Therefore, adding a small amount of silicon carbide in the present invention can reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the high-temperature mortar and enhance its thermal shock resistance. In addition, the synergy of the lightweight mullite brick powder, alumina powder, and silicon carbide powder can also improve the flexural strength of the high-temperature mortar, ensure that the high-temperature mortar still has a high adhesive strength in a high-temperature environment, and the high-temperature mortar has good integrity and more uniform load-bearing, which can greatly enhance the stability of the furnace body structure and reduce safety accidents. Further, in the present invention, a particle grading is set for the three to achieve the purpose of controlling the bonding time and shrinkage rate of the high-temperature mortar, and while achieving faster hardening, it can also maintain high performance.

[0014] Further, the particle size of the Suzhou clay and the Guangdong clay is 3-5 μm.

[0015] Further, the preparation method of the hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified bentonite is as follows: Grind the bentonite through a 1 mm sieve, then slowly add it to the hydroxypropyl cellulose solution, stir and mix at a rotation speed of 30-50 r / min for 5-10 h, filter, dry, grind, and pass through a 1 mm sieve to obtain the hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified bentonite.

[0016] Further, the bentonite is any one of sodium-based bentonite or calcium-based bentonite.

[0017] Further, the mass ratio of the bentonite to the hydroxypropyl cellulose is 1:(0.02-0.05).

[0018] In the present invention, bentonite added to the clay powder is modified. Due to the excellent stability of bentonite, during the mixing process of the clay powder, binder, and additive, it can form a tiny network void structure in the high-temperature clay, and then, after the high-temperature clay is cured, it can alleviate the expansion effect caused by heat, and improve the crack resistance of the high-temperature clay. In addition, bentonite also has: (1) good water retention, which can improve fluidity and plasticity, and enhance the workability of the high-temperature clay; (2) good adhesion, which enhances the adhesion strength of the high-temperature clay before and after curing. To enhance the role of bentonite in the high-temperature clay, further, in the present invention, hydroxypropyl cellulose is used to modify it to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified bentonite. Among them, hydroxypropyl cellulose has the functions of water reduction, adhesion, and dispersion. Therefore, the dispersion performance of the prepared hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified bentonite will be enhanced, which is more conducive to the uniform formation of a tiny network void structure in the high-temperature clay. At the same time, its fluidity and adhesiveness will be enhanced, greatly enhancing the overall performance of the high-temperature clay. However, the addition amount of bentonite should not be too much, as too much will cause the high-temperature clay to be too sticky, resulting in a significant decrease in the fluidity of the high-temperature clay. Therefore, the addition amount is preferably controlled at about 2-5% of the total amount of other clay powders.

[0019] Further, the preparation method of the polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fiber is as follows: (1) Add vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol into a reaction vessel in a mass ratio of 1:1:10, stir and mix, and add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5-5.5, continue to stir and mix for 5-15 min to obtain a silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse the ceramic fiber into n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% ceramic fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the ceramic fiber dispersion to 70-90 °C, and slowly dropwise add the silane hydrolysis solution. After the dropping is completed, continue to stir for 2-8 h, and after filtration, washing, and drying, obtain vinylated ceramic fiber; (4) Add polyvinyl alcohol and mercaptoacetic acid to a 4-6 wt% sulfuric acid solution, stir and react at 70-90 °C for 1-4 h, and after dialysis purification, obtain mercaptoethylated polyvinyl alcohol; (5) Add mercaptoethylated polyvinyl alcohol, vinylated ceramic fiber, and photoinitiator into absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 5-15 min, irradiate with ultraviolet light for reaction for 15-45 min, and after separation, washing, and drying, obtain polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fiber.

[0020] Further, the mass ratio of the vinyltriethoxysilane to the ceramic fiber is (0.04-0.06):1.

[0021] Further, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the mercaptoacetic acid is 1:(0.8-1).

[0022] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the mercapto-modified polyvinyl alcohol, vinylated ceramic fibers, and photoinitiator is 1:(0.3 - 0.5):(0.01 - 0.03).

[0023] Furthermore, the ceramic fibers include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of more than one of zirconia fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, and mullite fibers.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present invention, zirconia fibers are preferably used as the ceramic fibers.

[0025] Ceramic fibers have excellent characteristics such as low thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, high strength, and good processing performance. Therefore, in the present invention, it is designed to introduce them into the high-temperature mortar to improve the related thermal properties of the high-temperature mortar. At the same time, after the high-temperature mortar is cured, it can also act as a "skeleton-type" binder for the high-temperature mortar, effectively preventing the cracking defects caused by high temperature and further improving the thermal shock resistance of the high-temperature mortar. Considering that ceramic fibers tend to agglomerate, directly using them to prepare a binder cannot be evenly dispersed into the high-temperature mortar to fully play their role. Therefore, in the present invention, ceramic fibers are first modified with vinyltriethoxysilane to introduce vinyl groups, and then mercapto groups are introduced onto polyvinyl alcohol, and the two are grafted together through a click reaction to obtain polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fibers. In addition, since polyvinyl alcohol is also often used as a mortar binder, by controlling the amount of raw materials in the scheme, the modification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fibers is controlled, so that the polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fibers also have certain bonding properties. Finally, the polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fibers prepared in the present invention can be evenly dispersed into the binder and then evenly dispersed into the high-temperature mortar, which has a significant impact on the thermal properties and bonding properties of the high-temperature mortar. When the high-temperature mortar is not cured, it can cooperate with silica sol and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to promote the binding of the mortar powder and enhance the adhesion to the masonry; after the high-temperature mortar is cured, the ceramic fibers can also act as a "skeleton-type" binder to further promote the tight binding of each component, avoid cracking and other phenomena due to temperature changes, and ensure the stability of the furnace body structure. The addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol-modified ceramic fibers should also be controlled within a certain range. If too much is added, the fluidity of the high-temperature mortar will be affected, the workability of the high-temperature mortar will become poor, and the cost will also increase.

[0026] Furthermore, the dispersant is obtained by mixing calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0027] Furthermore, the water reducing agent includes, but is not limited to, one or a combination of more than one of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, and ammonium polyacrylate.

[0028] Further, the carburization inhibitor consists of silicate and rare earth oxide in a mass ratio of 4:(1-2); the silicate is one or a combination of two of sodium silicate and potassium silicate; the rare earth oxide is one or a combination of two of yttrium oxide and cerium oxide.

[0029] During the mixing process, due to the existence of potential in the high-temperature refractory mortar, the adsorption force on the surface of the particles in the high-temperature refractory mortar is relatively strong, the fluidity of the high-temperature refractory mortar is poor, the viscosity is large, and the construction operability is difficult. Therefore, a dispersant and a water reducing agent are added in the solution, and the two can synergistically improve the dispersibility and hydrophilicity during the mixing process of the high-temperature refractory mortar, thereby effectively improving the bonding strength of the high-temperature refractory mortar. At the same time, since the high-temperature refractory mortar is long-term applied in a high-temperature environment, the high-carbon gas generated by fuel combustion is likely to penetrate into the high-temperature refractory mortar, resulting in a decline in the performance of the high-temperature refractory mortar. Therefore, in the present invention, a carburization inhibitor (silicate, rare earth oxide) is further added. The silicate can form a silicate protective layer at high temperature, and this protective layer can prevent carbon penetration; while the rare earth oxide itself also has the effect of resisting carbon penetration and can make the silicate protective layer more dense, further enhancing the carbon penetration resistance of the high-temperature refractory mortar. In addition, the protective film also has good high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and can well protect the performance and structural stability of the high-temperature refractory mortar.

[0030] Further, the preparation method of the high-temperature refractory mortar is as follows: (1) Weigh the components of the refractory mortar powder, binder, and additive according to the raw material ratio, and then mix the three evenly respectively; (2) After mixing the refractory mortar powder and the binder evenly, add the additive thereto, and wait until the three are mixed evenly to obtain the high-temperature refractory mortar.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. In the present invention, by simultaneously introducing light mullite brick powder, alumina powder, and silicon carbide powder as raw materials of the high-temperature refractory mortar, the three synergistically obtain a high-temperature refractory mortar with excellent heat preservation performance, low thermal expansion coefficient, and good thermal shock resistance; and through the particle size distribution setting, the bonding time and shrinkage rate of the high-temperature refractory mortar can be effectively controlled, so that the high-temperature refractory mortar has better performance, and thus can better ensure the stability of the furnace body structure;

[0033] 2. In the present invention, hydroxypropyl cellulose is used to modify bentonite, which enhances the dispersibility of bentonite in the high-temperature refractory mortar, and further improves the construction performance, bonding performance, and thermal shock resistance of the high-temperature refractory mortar;

[0034] 3. In the present invention, the ceramic fiber is modified to enhance its dispersibility so that it can be evenly dispersed into the high-temperature refractory mortar. Before the high-temperature refractory mortar cures, it acts together with silica sol and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to promote bonding. After curing, it can also serve as a "skeleton-type" binder, which can avoid cracking and other phenomena caused by factors such as temperature, greatly improving the thermal shock resistance of the high-temperature refractory mortar.

[0035] 4. In the present invention, a dispersant and a water reducer are further added to improve the dispersibility and hydrophilicity of the high-temperature refractory mortar, thereby improving the bonding performance of the high-temperature refractory mortar. At the same time, an anti-carburizing agent is also added, which can form a dense protective layer on the surface of the high-temperature refractory mortar, which can not only prevent carbon penetration but also have a certain anti-corrosion performance, playing a protective role for the high-temperature refractory mortar. Specific Embodiments

[0036] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that there are no special restrictions on the purchasing manufacturers of all raw materials involved in the present invention. Exemplarily, they include:

[0038] Lightweight mullite brick powder with particle sizes < 0.074 mm and 0.074 - 1 mm; alumina powder with particle sizes < 0.074 mm and 0.074 - 1 mm; silicon carbide powder with particle sizes < 0.074 mm and 0.074 - 1 mm, all purchased from Gongyi Chenyi Refractory Abrasives Co., Ltd.

[0039] Hydroxypropyl cellulose with a purity of 99.5%, purchased from Hubei Jusheng Technology Co., Ltd.

[0040] Sodium-based bentonite, CAS No.: 85049-30-5, product number: PA97816, purchased from Guangdong Wengjiang Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

[0041] Silica sol, CAS No.: 14808-60-7, product number: 4163, purchased from Wuhan Jiyesheng Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0042] Vinyltriethoxysilane with a purity of 99%; mercaptoacetic acid with a purity of 99%; calcium lignosulfonate with a purity of 99%; sodium tripolyphosphate with a purity of 99%; sodium silicate with a purity of 99%; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate with a purity of 99%, purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0043] Photoinitiator model IHT-PIMBF, CAS No.: 15206-55-0, purchased from Hubei Jusheng Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] Zirconia fibers, with a diameter of 2 to 4 μm and a length of 20 to 100 μm, were purchased from Foshan Yinai Energy Saving Materials Co., Ltd.

[0045] Polyvinyl alcohol, model: 1795, purity: 99%, CAS number: 9002-89-5, item number: 9002-89-5, purchased from Hubei Qifei Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0046] Yttrium oxide, with a purity of 99.99%, was purchased from Shanghai Jinjinle Industrial Co., Ltd.

[0047] Suzhou clay is obtained from Wuzhong, Suzhou, kaolin, the specific parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0048] Table 1

[0049]

[0050] Guangdong clay is obtained from Qingyuan, Guangdong, kaolin, the specific parameters are shown in Table 2:

[0051] Table 2

[0052]

[0053] Example 1: A method for preparing high temperature cement:

[0054] Step 1: preparing hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium bentonite: grinding 6 parts of sodium bentonite through a 1 mm sieve, then slowly adding it to a hydroxypropyl cellulose solution (0.24 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose are added to 10 parts of deionized water and mixed evenly to prepare), stirring and mixing at a speed of 40 r / min for 8 hours, filtering, drying, grinding, and passing through a 1 mm sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium bentonite;

[0055] Step 2: Preparation of polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber: (1) Add 0.1 part of vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol into a reaction vessel in a mass ratio of 1:1:10, stir and mix, add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and continue to stir and mix for 10 min to obtain a silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse 2 parts of zirconia fiber into n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% zirconia fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the zirconia fiber dispersion to 80 °C, slowly dropwise add the silane hydrolysis solution, after the addition is complete, continue to stir for 6 h, filter, wash, and dry to obtain vinylated zirconia fiber; (4) Add 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 3.6 parts of mercaptoacetic acid to a 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution, stir and react at 80 °C for 3 h, and purify by dialysis to obtain mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol; (5) Add 5 parts of mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of vinylated zirconia fiber, and 0.1 part of photoinitiator to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 10 min, irradiate with ultraviolet light at 365 nm for 30 min, separate, wash, and dry to obtain polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber;

[0056] Step 3: (1) Weigh the refractory plastic powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (where 78% of the lightweight mullite brick powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (where 78% of the alumina powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 9 parts of graded silicon carbide powder (where 78% of the silicon carbide powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 4.28 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium bentonite; and mix the weighed refractory plastic powder components evenly;

[0057] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix silica sol, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 2:0.8:0.3:2;

[0058] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: A mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducing agent: Sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Carburization resistant agent: A mixture of sodium silicate and yttrium oxide in a mass ratio of 4:1; 4) Mix the dispersant, water reducing agent, and carburization resistant agent evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:3:2;

[0059] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of refractory plastic powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additives;

[0060] (5) After mixing the refractory plastic powder and the binder evenly, add the additives thereto, and wait until the three are mixed evenly to obtain a high-temperature refractory plastic.

[0061] Example 2: A preparation method of high-temperature refractory mortar:

[0062] Step 1: Prepare hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite: Grind 6 parts of sodium bentonite through a 1-mm sieve, and then slowly add it to a hydroxypropyl cellulose solution (prepared by mixing 0.12 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose with 10 parts of deionized water). Stir and mix at a speed of 40 r / min for 8 h, filter, dry, grind, and pass through a 1-mm sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite;

[0063] Step 2: Prepare polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber: (1) Add 0.1 part of vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol to a reaction vessel in a mass ratio of 1:1:10, stir and mix, add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and continue to stir and mix for 10 min to obtain a silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse 2 parts of zirconia fiber in n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% zirconia fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the zirconia fiber dispersion to 80 °C, and slowly add the silane hydrolysis solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, continue to stir for 6 h, filter, wash, and dry to obtain vinylated zirconia fiber; (4) Add 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 3.2 parts of mercaptoacetic acid to a 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution, stir and react at 80 °C for 3 h, and purify by dialysis to obtain mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol; (5) Add 4 parts of mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of vinylated zirconia fiber, and 0.1 part of photoinitiator to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 10 min, irradiate with ultraviolet light at 365 nm for 30 min, separate, wash, and dry to obtain polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber;

[0064] Step 3: (1) Weigh the refractory mortar powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (where 78% of the lightweight mullite brick powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (where 78% of the alumina powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 9 parts of graded silicon carbide powder (where 78% of the silicon carbide powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 2.14 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite; and mix the weighed refractory mortar powder components evenly;

[0065] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix colloidal silica, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 2:0.8:0.2:2;

[0066] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: A mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducer: Sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Carburizing inhibitor: A mixture of sodium silicate and yttrium oxide in a mass ratio of 4:1; 4) Mix the dispersant, water reducer, and carburizing inhibitor evenly in a mass ratio of 1:3:2;

[0067] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of clay powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additive;

[0068] (5) After mixing the clay powder and the binder evenly, add the additive to it. Wait until the three are mixed evenly to obtain the high-temperature clay.

[0069] Example 3: A method for preparing high-temperature clay:

[0070] Step 1: Prepare hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite: Grind 6 parts of sodium bentonite through a 1 mm sieve, and then slowly add it to the hydroxypropyl cellulose solution (prepared by mixing 0.3 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose into 10 parts of deionized water evenly). Stir and mix at a speed of 40 r / min for 8 h. After filtration, drying, grinding, and passing through a 1 mm sieve, hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite is obtained;

[0071] Step 2: Prepare polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber: (1) Add 0.12 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol into the reaction vessel in a mass ratio of 1:1:10. Stir and mix, and add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5. Continue to stir and mix for 10 min to obtain the silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse 2 parts of zirconia fiber into n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% zirconia fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the zirconia fiber dispersion to 80 °C and slowly dropwise add the silane hydrolysis solution. After the addition is complete, continue to stir for 6 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, vinylated zirconia fiber is obtained; (4) Add 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 4 parts of mercaptoacetic acid to a 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution. Stir and react at 80 °C for 3 h. After dialysis purification, mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol is obtained; (5) Add 6.67 parts of mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of vinylated zirconia fiber, and 0.1 part of photoinitiator into absolute ethanol. Ultrasonically disperse for 10 min, and irradiate with ultraviolet light of 365 nm for 30 min. After separation, washing, and drying, polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber is obtained;

[0072] Step 3: (1) Weigh the clay powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (where 78% of the lightweight mullite brick powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (where 78% of the alumina powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 9 parts of graded silicon carbide powder (where 78% of the silicon carbide powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 5.35 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium-based bentonite; and mix the weighed clay powder components evenly.

[0073] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix colloidal silica, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 2:0.8:0.4:2.

[0074] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: Calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducing agent: Sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Carburization inhibitor: Sodium silicate and yttrium oxide are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1; 4) Mix the dispersant, water reducing agent, and carburization inhibitor evenly in a mass ratio of 1:3:2.

[0075] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of clay powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additives.

[0076] (5) After mixing the clay powder and the binder evenly, add the additives to it. Wait until the three are mixed evenly to obtain the high-temperature clay.

[0077] Next, based on Example 1, control experiments are carried out, and Comparative Examples 1 - 5 are set as follows:

[0078] Comparative Example 1: Comparative Example 1 is based on Example 1 and is adjusted as follows: No silicon carbide powder is added to the clay powder, and other processes remain unchanged.

[0079] A preparation method of high-temperature clay:

[0080] Step 1: Prepare hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium-based bentonite: Grind 6 parts of sodium-based bentonite through a 1 mm sieve, and then slowly add it to the hydroxypropyl cellulose solution (prepared by mixing 0.24 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose into 10 parts of deionized water evenly), stir and mix at a speed of 40 r / min for 8 h, filter, dry, grind, and pass through a 1 mm sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium-based bentonite.

[0081] Step 2: Prepare polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber: (1) Add 0.1 part of vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol into a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 1:1:10, stir and mix, add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and continue to stir and mix for 10 min to obtain a silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse 2 parts of zirconia fiber into n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% zirconia fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the zirconia fiber dispersion to 80 °C, and slowly dropwise add the silane hydrolysis solution. After the addition is complete, continue to stir for 6 h, filter, wash, and dry to obtain vinylated zirconia fiber; (4) Add 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 3.6 parts of mercaptoacetic acid to a 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution, stir and react at 80 °C for 3 h, and purify by dialysis to obtain mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol; (5) Add 5 parts of mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of vinylated zirconia fiber, and 0.1 part of photoinitiator to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 10 min, irradiate with ultraviolet light at 365 nm for 30 min, separate, wash, and dry to obtain polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber;

[0082] Step 3: (1) Weigh the refractory plastic powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (where 78% of the lightweight mullite brick powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (where 78% of the alumina powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 3.92 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium bentonite; and mix the weighed refractory plastic powder components evenly;

[0083] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix silica sol, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 2:0.8:0.3:2;

[0084] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: A mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducing agent: Sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Carburization resistant agent: A mixture of sodium silicate and yttrium oxide in a mass ratio of 4:1; 4) Mix the dispersant, water reducing agent, and carburization resistant agent evenly in a mass ratio of 1:3:2;

[0085] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of refractory plastic powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additives;

[0086] (5) After mixing the refractory plastic powder and the binder evenly, add the additives thereto, and wait until the three are mixed evenly to obtain a high-temperature refractory plastic.

[0087] Comparative Example 2: Comparative Example 2 is based on Example 1, with the following adjustment: The sodium bentonite is not modified, and other processes remain unchanged;

[0088] Preparation method of a high-temperature refractory mortar:

[0089] Step 1: Prepare polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber: (1) Add 0.1 part of vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol into a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 1:1:10, stir and mix, add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and continue to stir and mix for 10 min to obtain a silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse 2 parts of zirconia fiber into n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% zirconia fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the zirconia fiber dispersion to 80 °C, slowly add the silane hydrolysis solution dropwise, and continue to stir for 6 h after the addition. After filtration, washing, and drying, vinylated zirconia fiber is obtained; (4) Add 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 3.6 parts of mercaptoacetic acid to a 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution, stir and react at 80 °C for 3 h, and obtain mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol after dialysis purification; (5) Add 5 parts of mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of vinylated zirconia fiber, and 0.1 part of photoinitiator to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 10 min, irradiate with ultraviolet light at 365 nm for 30 min, and obtain polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber after separation, washing, and drying;

[0090] Step 2: (1) Weigh refractory mortar powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (where 78% of the lightweight mullite brick powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (where 78% of the alumina powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 9 parts of graded silicon carbide powder (where 78% of the silicon carbide powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 4.28 parts of sodium-based bentonite; and mix the weighed refractory mortar powder components evenly;

[0091] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix colloidal silica, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 2:0.8:0.3:2;

[0092] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: a mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate at a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducer: sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Carburization inhibitor: a mixture of sodium silicate and yttrium oxide at a mass ratio of 4:1; 4) Mix the dispersant, water reducer, and carburization inhibitor evenly at a mass ratio of 1:3:2;

[0093] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of refractory mortar powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additives;

[0094] (5) After uniformly mixing the clay powder and the binder, an additive is added thereto, and after the three are uniformly mixed, a high-temperature clay is obtained.

[0095] Comparative Example 3: Comparative Example 3 is based on Example 1 and is adjusted as follows: polyvinyl alcohol-modified zirconia fiber is not added to the binder, and other processes remain unchanged;

[0096] A preparation method of a high-temperature clay:

[0097] Step 1: Prepare hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium-based bentonite: Grind 6 parts of sodium-based bentonite through a 1 mm sieve, and then slowly add it to a hydroxypropyl cellulose solution (prepared by uniformly mixing 0.24 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose into 10 parts of deionized water), stir and mix at a speed of 40 r / min for 8 h, filter, dry, grind, and pass through a 1 mm sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium-based bentonite;

[0098] Step 2: (1) Weigh the clay powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (where 78% of the lightweight mullite brick powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (where 78% of the alumina powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 9 parts of graded silicon carbide powder (where 78% of the silicon carbide powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 4.28 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium-based bentonite; and uniformly mix the weighed clay powder components;

[0099] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix colloidal silica, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and deionized water uniformly according to a mass ratio of 2:0.8:2;

[0100] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: Calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducer: Sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Carburization inhibitor: Sodium silicate and yttrium oxide are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1; 4) Uniformly mix the dispersant, water reducer, and carburization inhibitor in a mass ratio of 1:3:2;

[0101] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of clay powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additive;

[0102] (5) After uniformly mixing the clay powder and the binder, an additive is added thereto, and after the three are uniformly mixed, a high-temperature clay is obtained.

[0103] Comparative Example 4: Comparative Example 4 is based on Example 1 and is adjusted as follows: The zirconia fiber is not modified, and other processes remain unchanged;

[0104] Preparation method of a high-temperature refractory mortar:

[0105] Step 1: Prepare hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite: Grind 6 parts of sodium bentonite through a 1-mm sieve, and then slowly add it to a hydroxypropyl cellulose solution (prepared by mixing 0.24 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose into 10 parts of deionized water and mixing evenly). Stir and mix at a speed of 40 r / min for 8 h, filter, dry, grind, and pass through a 1-mm sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite;

[0106] Step 2: (1) Weigh refractory mortar powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (where 78% of the lightweight mullite brick powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (where 78% of the alumina powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 9 parts of graded silicon carbide powder (where 78% of the silicon carbide powder has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 4.28 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose-modified sodium bentonite; and mix the weighed refractory mortar powder components evenly;

[0107] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix colloidal silica, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, zirconia fiber, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 2:0.8:0.3:2;

[0108] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: A mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducer: Sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Carburization inhibitor: A mixture of sodium silicate and yttrium oxide in a mass ratio of 4:1; 4) Mix the dispersant, water reducer, and carburization inhibitor evenly in a mass ratio of 1:3:2;

[0109] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of refractory mortar powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additives;

[0110] (5) After mixing the refractory mortar powder and the binder evenly, add the additives thereto, and wait until the three are mixed evenly to obtain the high-temperature refractory mortar.

[0111] Comparative Example 5: Comparative Example 5 is based on Example 1, with the adjustment that: the carburization inhibitor is not added to the additives, and other processes remain unchanged;

[0112] Preparation method of a high-temperature refractory mortar:

[0113] Step 1: Prepare hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium bentonite: Grind 6 parts of sodium bentonite through a 1 mm sieve, and then slowly add it to the hydroxypropyl cellulose solution (prepared by mixing 0.24 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose into 10 parts of deionized water evenly). Stir and mix at a speed of 40 r / min for 8 h, filter, dry, grind, and pass through a 1 mm sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium bentonite;

[0114] Step 2: Prepare polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber: (1) Add 0.1 part of vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol into the reaction vessel according to the mass ratio of 1:1:10, stir and mix, add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and continue to stir and mix for 10 min to obtain a silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse 2 parts of zirconia fiber into n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% zirconia fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the zirconia fiber dispersion to 80 °C, and slowly dropwise add the silane hydrolysis solution. After the addition is complete, continue to stir for 6 h, filter, wash, and dry to obtain vinylated zirconia fiber; (4) Add 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 3.6 parts of mercaptoacetic acid to a 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution, stir and react at 80 °C for 3 h, and purify by dialysis to obtain mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol; (5) Add 5 parts of mercapto-functionalized polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of vinylated zirconia fiber, and 0.1 part of photoinitiator to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 10 min, irradiate with ultraviolet light at 365 nm for 30 min, separate, wash, and dry to obtain polyvinyl alcohol modified zirconia fiber.

[0115] Step 3: (1) Weigh the clay powder: 35 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder (78% of which has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 26 parts of graded alumina powder (78% of which has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 9 parts of graded silicon carbide powder (78% of which has a particle size < 0.074 mm and 22% has a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm), 22 parts of Suzhou clay, 15 parts of Guangdong clay, and 4.28 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose modified sodium bentonite; and mix the weighed clay powder components evenly;

[0116] (2) Weigh the binder: Mix colloidal silica, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol modified ceramic fiber, and deionized water evenly according to the mass ratio of 2:0.8:0.3:2;

[0117] (3) Weigh the additives: 1) Dispersant: A mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 2:1; 2) Water reducing agent: Sodium tripolyphosphate; 3) Mix the dispersant and the water reducing agent evenly in a mass ratio of 1:3;

[0118] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio: 73% of clay powder, 25% of binder, and 2% of additive;

[0119] (5) After mixing the clay powder and the binder evenly, add the additive thereto. Wait until the three are mixed evenly to obtain the high-temperature clay.

[0120] Performance test: Conduct relevant performance tests on the high-temperature clay prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, specifically as follows:

[0121] (1) According to the standards of GB / T 22459.7-2008 and GB / T 7320-2018, conduct a linear expansion test and heat to 1500 °C;

[0122] (2) According to the standard of GB / T 22459.4-2022, conduct a flexural viscosity test and keep it at 1500 °C for 3 h.

[0123] The test results of the above test contents are shown in Table 3 below:

[0124] Table 3

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Result analysis: It can be seen from the data in Table 3 above that the linear expansion rate of the high-temperature clay prepared by the present invention is at least 0.1% when heated to 1500 °C; the flexural viscosity after being kept at 1500 °C for 3 h is at most 10.3 MPa; it shows that the overall performance and bonding performance of the high-temperature clay prepared by the present invention are excellent, and there will be no obvious volume change and performance degradation after heating, and the product quality is excellent.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature refractory mortar, characterized in that: It comprises components with the following mass fractions: 70 - 75% of refractory mortar powder, 24 - 27% of binder, and 1 - 3% of additive; The refractory mortar powder comprises components with the following weight parts: 25 - 40 parts of graded lightweight mullite brick powder, 15 - 30 parts of graded alumina powder, 8 - 10 parts of graded silicon carbide powder, 15 - 25 parts of Suzhou clay, 10 - 20 parts of Guangdong clay, and 1.46 - 6.25 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose modified bentonite; The binder is obtained by mixing silica sol, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol modified ceramic fiber, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2:(0.5 - 1):(0.2 - 0.4):2; The additive is obtained by mixing a dispersant, a water reducing agent, and an anti-carburizing agent in a mass ratio of 1:3:2; Among them, the dispersant is obtained by mixing calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 2:1; The water reducing agent includes one or a combination of more of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, and ammonium polyacrylate; The anti-carburizing agent is obtained by mixing silicate and rare earth oxide in a mass ratio of 4:(1 - 2); The silicate is one or a combination of two of sodium silicate and potassium silicate; The rare earth oxide is one or a combination of two of yttrium oxide and cerium oxide.

2. The high-temperature mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific grading ratio relationship of the graded lightweight mullite brick powder is: 75 - 80% of lightweight mullite brick powder with a particle size < 0.074 mm, and 20 - 25% of lightweight mullite brick powder with a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm; the specific grading ratio relationship of the graded alumina powder is: 75 - 80% of alumina powder with a particle size < 0.074 mm, and 20 - 25% of alumina powder with a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm; the specific grading ratio relationship of the graded silicon carbide powder is: 75 - 80% of silicon carbide powder with a particle size < 0.074 mm, and 20 - 25% of silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 0.074 - 1 mm.

3. A high-temperature refractory mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the Suzhou clay and Guangdong clay is 3 - 5 μm.

4. A high-temperature refractory mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the hydroxypropyl cellulose modified bentonite is: grinding bentonite through a 1 mm sieve, then slowly adding it to the hydroxypropyl cellulose solution, stirring and mixing at a speed of 30 - 50 r / min for 5 - 10 h, filtering, drying, grinding, and passing through a 1 mm sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl cellulose modified bentonite.

5. A high-temperature refractory mortar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bentonite is any one of sodium bentonite or calcium bentonite; the mass ratio of the bentonite to hydroxypropyl cellulose is 1:(0.02 - 0.05).

6. A high-temperature refractory mortar according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the polyvinyl alcohol modified ceramic fiber is as follows: (1) Add vinyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and absolute ethanol into a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 1:1:10, stir and mix, add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5 - 5.5, and continue to stir and mix for 5 - 15 min to obtain a silane hydrolysis solution; (2) Disperse the ceramic fiber in n-butanol to obtain a 5 wt% ceramic fiber dispersion; (3) Heat the ceramic fiber dispersion to 70 - 90 °C, slowly dropwise add the silane hydrolysis solution, after the addition is complete, continue to stir for 2 - 8 h, filter, wash, and dry to obtain vinylated ceramic fiber; (4) Add polyvinyl alcohol and mercaptoacetic acid to a 4 - 6 wt% sulfuric acid solution, stir and react at 70 - 90 °C for 1 - 4 h, and purify by dialysis to obtain mercaptoylated polyvinyl alcohol; (5) Add mercaptoylated polyvinyl alcohol, vinylated ceramic fiber, and photoinitiator to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 5 - 15 min, irradiate with ultraviolet light for reaction for 15 - 45 min, separate, wash, and dry to obtain polyvinyl alcohol modified ceramic fiber.

7. The high-temperature refractory mortar according to claim 6, wherein: The mass ratio of the vinyltriethoxysilane to the ceramic fiber is (0.04 - 0.06):1; the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the mercaptoacetic acid is 1:(0.8 - 1); the mass ratio of the mercaptoylated polyvinyl alcohol, vinylated ceramic fiber, and photoinitiator is 1:(0.3 - 0.5):(0.01 - 0.03); the ceramic fiber includes one or a combination of more of zirconia fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, aluminosilicate fiber, and mullite fiber.

8. The preparation method of a high-temperature refractory mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: (1) Weigh the components of the clay powder, binder, and additive according to the raw material ratio, and then mix the three components evenly respectively; (2) After mixing the clay powder and the binder evenly, add the additive thereto, and wait until the three components are mixed evenly to obtain a high-temperature clay.

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