A method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fiber
By preparing antibacterial polyester staple fibers with embedded antibacterial modifiers, the problems of complex synthesis, high cost, and poor washability of antibacterial agents in the existing technology are solved, achieving high efficiency in antibacterial performance and washability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SUQIAN YIDA NEW MATERIAL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the synthesis process of antibacterial agents for polyester staple fibers is complex, costly, and has poor antibacterial effect and is not washable.
Antibacterial polyester masterbatch was prepared by esterification and polycondensation reaction using ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and antibacterial modifier. It was then melt-blended and spun with polyester chips to form antibacterial polyester staple fiber. The triazole group in the antibacterial modifier was embedded in the polyester staple fiber to improve antibacterial properties and washability.
The prepared antibacterial polyester staple fiber has excellent antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with an antibacterial rate of over 99%, and maintains high antibacterial activity even after 50 washes.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of polyester fibers, and specifically relates to a method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fibers. Background Technology
[0002] Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber possesses excellent comprehensive properties: good elastic recovery, high strength modulus, good dimensional stability, and excellent abrasion resistance, making it widely used as a raw material for apparel textiles. However, the porous structure of typical PET fibers and fabrics makes them prone to microbial adhesion, leading to the spread of pathogens and causing the fibers and fabrics to become brittle and deteriorate, affecting their performance. During use, it easily absorbs sweat, sebum, and dander produced by human metabolism, providing ample nutrients for microbial growth and producing odors that affect comfort. Therefore, antibacterial modification of PET shows promising development prospects.
[0003] Currently, commonly used antibacterial agents can be classified into organic and inorganic antibacterial agents based on their chemical composition. Inorganic antibacterial agents have attracted attention due to their advantages such as high heat resistance, stability, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and low likelihood of inducing drug resistance. However, they also have disadvantages such as high cost, poor compatibility, and poor washability. Organic antibacterial agents can be further divided into natural and synthetic antibacterial agents based on their source: natural antibacterial agents were the earliest antibacterial agents used by humans, and most of them are extracted from animals and plants, such as tea polyphenols, chitin, and chitosan; while organically synthesized antibacterial agents mainly include quaternary ammonium salts, isothiazoles, and aldehyde compounds.
[0004] CN201310742904.7 discloses an anti-fouling and antibacterial polyester staple fiber and its preparation method: the anti-fouling and antibacterial polyester staple fiber obtained by esterification polymerization spinning is prepared from micron-sized heat-storing anti-fouling ceramic powder and silver-loaded nano-titanium dioxide composite antibacterial powder. The resulting anti-fouling and antibacterial polyester staple fiber has a strong antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
[0005] Patent CN201811002692.8 discloses a composite antibacterial polyester staple fiber and its preparation method: using disodium propylenediaminetetraacetate as a chelating agent, copper, zinc, and calcium ions are gradually simmered and coated to form a composite antibacterial agent. Then, a composite antibacterial polyester masterbatch primary product is prepared by melt blending. The composite antibacterial polyester masterbatch primary product is then subjected to liquid phase thickening to prepare a composite antibacterial polyester masterbatch. The composite antibacterial polyester masterbatch is melt-blended and spun with recycled polyester chips to prepare composite antibacterial polyester staple fiber with good antibacterial ability.
[0006] However, most existing technologies currently employ composite antibacterial agents, which have complex synthesis processes, high costs, and problems such as poor antibacterial effect and poor washability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a polyester staple fiber with good antibacterial properties and washability. Summary of the Invention
[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fiber, so as to solve the problems of high cost, poor antibacterial effect and poor washability in the prior art.
[0008] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0009] A method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fiber includes the following steps:
[0010] Step 1: Preparation of antibacterial polyester masterbatch
[0011] Ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, antibacterial modifier, and dispersant are added to a reaction vessel and stirred evenly. Then, a catalyst is added to obtain polyester through esterification and polycondensation reactions. The above polyester is extruded, granulated, and dried to obtain antibacterial polyester masterbatch.
[0012] Step 2: Preparation of antibacterial polyester staple fiber
[0013] Using the antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips obtained in step 1 as raw materials, a mixed spinning raw material is obtained by vacuum drying; the above mixed spinning raw material enters a twin-screw extrusion to form a melt and is uniformly extruded, and then the melt is quantitatively delivered to the spinning assembly by a metering pump, and finally extruded from the spinneret to form filaments. After cooling, the filaments are oiled by an oil roller, wound, and cut to obtain antibacterial polyester staple fibers.
[0014] The structure of the antibacterial modifier mentioned in step 1 is as follows:
[0015] In some embodiments, the dispersant in step 1 is selected from one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, white oil, zinc stearate, polyethylene wax, stearic acid, paraffin wax, and ethylene bis-stearamide.
[0016] In some embodiments, the catalyst in step 1 is selected from one or more of zinc acetate, cobalt acetate, Sb2O3, and manganese acetate.
[0017] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to ethylene glycol in step 1 is 1:(1.1-1.5); the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to antibacterial modifier is 1:(0.1-0.5); the amount of catalyst is (0.1-0.5) wt% of the mass of terephthalic acid; the esterification reaction temperature is 200-250°C, and the esterification pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa; the polycondensation reaction temperature is 200-250°C, and the polycondensation pressure is 70-120 Pa.
[0018] In some embodiments, the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips described in step 2 is 0.5 to 0.8 dL / g.
[0019] In some implementations, the mass ratio of the antibacterial polyester masterbatch to the polyester chips in step 2 is (1-10):(99-90).
[0020] In some implementations, the screw temperature in step 2 is: 250-280℃ in zone 1, 270-300℃ in zone 2, 280-290℃ in zone 3, and 280-290℃ in zone 4; the metering pump temperature is 280-290℃; the spinning box temperature is 280-290℃; and the spinning speed is 400-800m / min.
[0021] The present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:
[0022] 1) The polyester staple fiber prepared by this invention has excellent antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae can reach more than 99%.
[0023] 2) The antibacterial modifier prepared by this invention Containing triazole groups, it can exert a strong antibacterial effect. Furthermore, the two carboxyl groups in the antibacterial modifier can polymerize with ethylene glycol to embed the triazole groups into the polyester staple fiber, so that the polyester staple fiber still maintains high antibacterial activity after 50 washes and has excellent wash resistance. Detailed implementation method:
[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0025] The endpoints and any values of the ranges described in this invention are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values of the various ranges, the endpoint values of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
[0026] Preparation of antibacterial modifier:
[0027]
[0028] Compound I (11.1 g, 0.1 mol), ethyl acetoacetate (compound II, 26.0 mL, 0.2 mol), and ethanol (100 mL) were added to a reactor and mixed thoroughly. Hexahydropyridine solution (5 mL) was slowly added dropwise to the mixture at room temperature with stirring, and the reaction was continued for 12 h. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was filtered, and the filter cake was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol to obtain the intermediate compound. No further purification was required, and it was used directly in the next reaction.
[0029] The above intermediate compound was added to a 50% NaOH aqueous solution (100 mL), and the mixture was heated to 50 °C and stirred for 3 h. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the pH of the reaction solution was adjusted to 2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid under an ice-water bath, causing a solid to precipitate. The solid was filtered, and the resulting filter cake was washed with water until the pH of the washings reached 6. The obtained solid was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give 19.4 g of a white solid antibacterial modifier, with a total yield of 91.1%.
[0030] LC-MS (ESI): [M+H) + =214.1.
[0031] 1 H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm): 11.51 (s, 2H), 8.75 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 3.90-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.62 (dd, 2H), 2.81 (dd, 2H), 2.67 (dd, 2H).
[0032] Example 1
[0033] A method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fiber includes the following steps:
[0034] Step 1: Preparation of antibacterial polyester masterbatch
[0035] Ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, and antibacterial modifier Dispersant zinc stearate is added to a reaction vessel and stirred evenly. Then, zinc acetate catalyst is added to obtain polyester (intrinsic viscosity of 0.5 dL / g) through esterification and polycondensation. The above polyester is extruded, granulated and dried to obtain antibacterial polyester masterbatch.
[0036] The molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and antibacterial modifier is 1:1.3:0.3; the amount of catalyst is 0.2wt% of the mass of terephthalic acid; the esterification reaction temperature is 230℃, the esterification pressure is 0.3MPa, the polycondensation reaction temperature is 250℃, and the polycondensation pressure is a vacuum of 100Pa.
[0037] Extrusion granulation screw temperatures: Zone 1 220℃, Zone 2 230℃, Zone 3 230℃, Zone 4 250℃, Zone 5 260℃.
[0038] Step 2: Preparation of antibacterial polyester staple fiber
[0039] Using the antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips (intrinsic viscosity of 0.67 dL / g, purchased from Suzhou Baolidi New Material Technology Co., Ltd.) obtained in step 1 as raw materials, the mass parts of antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips are 10 parts and 90 parts, respectively. The mixed spinning raw materials are obtained by vacuum drying.
[0040] The above-mentioned mixed spinning raw materials are fed into a twin-screw extruder to form a melt that is uniformly extruded. The melt is then quantitatively delivered to the spinning assembly by a metering pump. Finally, the melt is extruded from the spinneret to form filaments. After cooling, the filaments are oiled by an oil roller, wound, and cut to obtain antibacterial polyester staple fibers.
[0041] The vacuum dryer has a vacuum level of -0.1MPa, a rotation speed of 10r / min, a drying temperature of 100℃, and a drying time of 12h; the screw temperatures are: zone 1 270℃, zone 2 290℃, zone 3 288℃, and zone 4 285℃; the metering pump temperature is 285℃; the spinning box temperature is 288℃; the spinneret has 36 holes; and the spinning speed is 600m / min.
[0042] Example 2
[0043] A method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fiber includes the following steps:
[0044] Step 1: Preparation of antibacterial polyester masterbatch
[0045] Ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, and antibacterial modifier Sodium hexametaphosphate, a dispersant, is added to a reaction vessel and stirred until homogeneous. Then, Sb2O3, a catalyst, is added to obtain polyester (intrinsic viscosity of 0.6 dL / g) through esterification and polycondensation. The polyester is then extruded, granulated, and dried to obtain antibacterial polyester masterbatch.
[0046] The molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and antibacterial modifier is 1:1.2:0.2; the amount of catalyst is 0.15wt% of the mass of terephthalic acid; the esterification reaction temperature is 220℃, the esterification pressure is 0.4MPa, the polycondensation reaction temperature is 230℃, and the polycondensation pressure is a vacuum of 80Pa.
[0047] Extrusion granulation screw temperatures: Zone 1 220℃, Zone 2 230℃, Zone 3 230℃, Zone 4 250℃, Zone 5 260℃.
[0048] Step 2: Preparation of antibacterial polyester staple fiber
[0049] Using the antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips (intrinsic viscosity of 0.67 dL / g, purchased from Suzhou Baolidi New Material Technology Co., Ltd.) obtained in step 1 as raw materials, the mass fractions of antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips were 5 parts and 95 parts, respectively. The mixed spinning raw materials were obtained by vacuum drying.
[0050] The above-mentioned mixed spinning raw materials are fed into a twin-screw extruder to form a melt that is uniformly extruded. The melt is then quantitatively delivered to the spinning assembly by a metering pump. Finally, the melt is extruded from the spinneret to form filaments. After cooling, the filaments are oiled by an oil roller, wound, and cut to obtain antibacterial polyester staple fibers.
[0051] The vacuum dryer has a vacuum level of -0.1MPa, a rotation speed of 10r / min, a drying temperature of 100℃, and a drying time of 12h; the screw temperatures are: zone 1 270℃, zone 2 290℃, zone 3 288℃, and zone 4 285℃; the metering pump temperature is 285℃; the spinning box temperature is 288℃; the spinneret has 36 holes; and the spinning speed is 600m / min.
[0052] Example 3
[0053] A method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fiber includes the following steps:
[0054] Step 1: Preparation of antibacterial polyester masterbatch
[0055] Ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, and antibacterial modifier Dispersant white oil is added to a reaction vessel and stirred evenly. Then, cobalt acetate catalyst is added to obtain polyester (intrinsic viscosity of 0.7 dL / g) through esterification and polycondensation. The above polyester is extruded, granulated and dried to obtain antibacterial polyester masterbatch.
[0056] The molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and antibacterial modifier is 1:1.25:0.25; the amount of catalyst is 0.2wt% of the mass of terephthalic acid; the esterification reaction temperature is 220℃, the esterification pressure is 0.3MPa, the polycondensation reaction temperature is 250℃, and the polycondensation pressure is a vacuum of 100Pa.
[0057] Extrusion granulation screw temperatures: Zone 1 220℃, Zone 2 230℃, Zone 3 230℃, Zone 4 250℃, Zone 5 260℃.
[0058] Step 2: Preparation of antibacterial polyester staple fiber
[0059] Using the antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips (intrinsic viscosity of 0.67 dL / g, purchased from Suzhou Baolidi New Material Technology Co., Ltd.) obtained in step 1 as raw materials, the mass fractions of antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips were 8 parts and 92 parts, respectively. The mixed spinning raw materials were obtained by vacuum drying.
[0060] The above-mentioned mixed spinning raw materials are fed into a twin-screw extruder to form a melt that is uniformly extruded. The melt is then quantitatively delivered to the spinning assembly by a metering pump. Finally, the melt is extruded from the spinneret to form filaments. After cooling, the filaments are oiled by an oil roller, wound, and cut to obtain antibacterial polyester staple fibers.
[0061] The vacuum dryer has a vacuum level of -0.1MPa, a rotation speed of 10r / min, a drying temperature of 100℃, and a drying time of 12h; the screw temperatures are: zone 1 270℃, zone 2 290℃, zone 3 288℃, and zone 4 285℃; the metering pump temperature is 285℃; the spinning box temperature is 288℃; the spinneret has 36 holes; and the spinning speed is 600m / min.
[0062] Comparative Example 1
[0063] Based on Example 1, the antibacterial modifier was added. The replacement with the common antibacterial agent TiO2 includes the following steps:
[0064] Step 1: Preparation of antibacterial polyester masterbatch
[0065] Ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, antibacterial modifier TiO2, and dispersant zinc stearate were added to a reaction vessel and stirred evenly. Then, zinc acetate catalyst was added, and polyester (intrinsic viscosity of 0.41 dL / g) was obtained through esterification and polycondensation reactions. The above polyester was extruded, granulated, and dried to obtain antibacterial polyester masterbatch.
[0066] The molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and antibacterial modifier is 1:1.3:0.3; the amount of catalyst is 0.2wt% of the mass of terephthalic acid; the esterification reaction temperature is 230℃, the esterification pressure is 0.3MPa, the polycondensation reaction temperature is 250℃, and the polycondensation pressure is a vacuum of 100Pa.
[0067] Extrusion granulation screw temperatures: Zone 1 220℃, Zone 2 230℃, Zone 3 230℃, Zone 4 250℃, Zone 5 260℃.
[0068] Step 2: Preparation of antibacterial polyester staple fiber
[0069] Using the antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips (intrinsic viscosity of 0.67 dL / g, purchased from Suzhou Baolidi New Material Technology Co., Ltd.) obtained in step 1 as raw materials, the mass parts of antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips are 10 parts and 90 parts, respectively. The mixed spinning raw materials are obtained by vacuum drying.
[0070] The above-mentioned mixed spinning raw materials are fed into a twin-screw extruder to form a melt that is uniformly extruded. The melt is then quantitatively delivered to the spinning assembly by a metering pump. Finally, the melt is extruded from the spinneret to form filaments. After cooling, the filaments are oiled by an oil roller, wound, and cut to obtain antibacterial polyester staple fibers.
[0071] The vacuum dryer has a vacuum level of -0.1MPa, a rotation speed of 10r / min, a drying temperature of 100℃, and a drying time of 12h; the screw temperatures are: zone 1 270℃, zone 2 290℃, zone 3 288℃, and zone 4 285℃; the metering pump temperature is 285℃; the spinning box temperature is 288℃; the spinneret has 36 holes; and the spinning speed is 600m / min.
[0072] Antibacterial performance test:
[0073] According to the national standard GB / T 20944.3-2008, the polyester staple fibers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to antibacterial tests. The specific operating steps are as follows:
[0074] (1) Sample preparation: Weigh 0.5g of polyester staple fiber sample and use ultrapure water to remove the oil on the sample surface. After drying, put it into an autoclave at 120℃ and sterilize for 20min before testing.
[0075] (2) Preparation of nutrient solution: The main components of liquid nutrient solution are tryptone, beef extract and sodium chloride, with mass ratios of 1.5%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively. To prepare solid nutrient solution, 1.5% agar needs to be added, and finally, 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution is added to adjust the pH to 7.2.
[0076] (3) Preparation of sterile PBS: Weigh out 0.8g of sodium chloride, 0.2g of potassium chloride, 3.58g of disodium hydrogen phosphate and 0.24g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate respectively, and make up to 1L;
[0077] (4) High-temperature sterilization: Place the petri dishes, nutrient medium, pipettes, test tubes, etc. into an autoclave at 120°C for 20 minutes, then remove them and place them on a clean operating table.
[0078] (5) Preparation of bacterial culture: Pick one loopful of test bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538) and Escherichia coli (ATCC11229)) using an inoculation loop, add 10 ml of liquid nutrient medium, and incubate for 18 h in a constant temperature shaking incubator at 37℃ and 120 r / min. Then, dilute the bacterial culture to the appropriate concentration using the 10-fold dilution method before use;
[0079] (6) Preparation of sterile culture dishes: Use a pipette to transfer 15-20 ml of autoclaved hot nutrient solution containing agar into a sterile culture dish in a sterile operating table. After the agar solidifies, seal it with sealing glue for later use.
[0080] (7) Sample bottle preparation: Prepare several clean 250ml Erlenmeyer flasks, inject 75mL of PBS buffer solution into each Erlenmeyer flask, add 0.5g of sterilized polyester short fiber sample to each Erlenmeyer flask except for the blank sample bottle, and finally inject 1ml of the prepared test bacterial solution into each Erlenmeyer flask.
[0081] (8) Shaking culture: Place the prepared sample bottle into a constant temperature shaking incubator and incubate at 37℃ and 120r / min for 18h. Then take it out and measure the concentration of viable bacteria in the sample bottle.
[0082] (9) Determination of viable bacterial concentration in sample bottles: Use a pipette to transfer bacterial solution from the sample bottles, dilute the bacterial solution to a suitable concentration using the tenfold dilution method, and then use a pipette to transfer 100 μL of the test bacterial solution into the above sterile culture dish. Use a spreading stick to spread it evenly from top to bottom and left to right, and then place the culture dish in a constant temperature incubator at 37°C for 18 h.
[0083] (10) Calculation of antibacterial rate and evaluation of antibacterial effect: Remove the culture dish, count the colonies in the culture dish and calculate according to the formula.
[0084] W = N × R
[0085] Calculate the inhibition rate. Where W represents the viable bacterial concentration (CFU / ml) in the sample vial, N represents the colony count, and R represents the dilution factor; W0 and W represent the viable bacterial concentrations of the blank sample and the sample, respectively, and K is the inhibition rate.
[0086] Standard washing method: The above-mentioned polyester staple fibers were washed in a household washing machine at 40℃ using a standard detergent dosage of 2g / L for 5 minutes per wash, and then dried in a 60℃ oven for a total of 50 washes. Five tests were conducted in the same group, and the average value was taken.
[0087] Table 1 Antibacterial Performance Test
[0088]
[0089] As shown in Table 1, the polyester staple fibers prepared in Examples 1-3 exhibit excellent antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with antibacterial rates exceeding 99% against both bacteria. Furthermore, after 50 washes, the antibacterial polyester fabric still maintains high antibacterial activity and demonstrates excellent wash resistance.
[0090] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing antibacterial polyester staple fiber, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of antibacterial polyester masterbatch Ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, antibacterial modifier, and dispersant are added to a reaction vessel and stirred evenly. Then, a catalyst is added to obtain polyester through esterification and polycondensation reactions. The above polyester is extruded, granulated, and dried to obtain antibacterial polyester masterbatch. Step 2: Preparation of antibacterial polyester staple fiber Using the antibacterial polyester masterbatch and polyester chips obtained in step 1 as raw materials, a mixed spinning raw material is obtained by vacuum drying; the above mixed spinning raw material enters a twin-screw extrusion to form a melt and is uniformly extruded, and then the melt is quantitatively delivered to the spinning assembly by a metering pump, and finally extruded from the spinneret to form filaments. After cooling, the filaments are oiled by an oil roller, wound, and cut to obtain antibacterial polyester staple fibers. The structure of the antibacterial modifier mentioned in step 1 is as follows: ; The dispersant in step 1 is selected from one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, white oil, zinc stearate, polyethylene wax, stearic acid, paraffin wax, and ethylene bis-stearamide; The catalyst in step 1 is selected from one or more of zinc acetate, cobalt acetate, Sb2O3 and manganese acetate.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to ethylene glycol is 1:(1.1~1.5); the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to antibacterial modifier is 1:(0.1~0.5); the amount of catalyst used is (0.1~0.5) wt% of the mass of terephthalic acid; the esterification reaction temperature is 200~250℃, and the esterification pressure is 0.1~0.5MPa; the polycondensation reaction temperature is 200~250℃, and the polycondensation pressure is 70~120 Pa.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips described in step 2 is 0.5~0.8 dL / g.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of antibacterial polyester masterbatch to polyester chips in step 2 is (1~10):(99~90).
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw temperature in step 2 is as follows: Zone 1: 250~280℃, Zone 2: 270~300℃, Zone 3: 280~290℃, Zone 4: 280~290℃; Metering pump temperature: 280~290℃; Spinning box temperature: 280~290℃; Spinning speed: 400~800 m / min.