Method for positioning lightning sound source and reconstructing lightning channel based on three-dimensional sound sensor array

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightning sound source positioning and lightning channel reconstruction method based on a three-dimensional sound sensor array, and the method comprises the steps: designing and manufacturing a six-element sound sensor array and a data processing system, and carrying out the reconstruction of a three-dimensional structure of a lightning channel in cooperation with a picture of a high-speed camera; in the data processing system, sound source points are determined according to the data of the array, the fitting condition is judged according to the picture of the high-speed camera, and then the three-dimensional structure of the lightning channel is drawn according to each point; the method has the advantages that errors caused by the ToA method, the equipment sampling rate and the like can be reduced, the specific position where thunder and lightning are formed can be located more accurately, and a more accurate three-dimensional lightning channel structure can be described. According to the invention, the TGFs, the cloud layer electrification mechanism and the lightning formation reason can be better researched, and the design and research of the lightning protection system can be facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightning monitoring, and in particular to a method for lightning sound source positioning and lightning channel reconstruction based on a three-dimensional acoustic sensor array. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, some researchers have speculated that terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) are likely to be related to the lightning initiation mechanism and cloud electrification mechanism. In order to better study the lightning formation process, we want to design a three-dimensional microphone array using the time difference method ToA (Time*of Arrival) to accurately detect the thunder position and draw the lightning channel. Since 1970, Few first proposed an observation experimental device and positioning method for lightning channel reconstruction using acoustic array and ray tracing principles. He established a Y-type station network system consisting of four thunder detection stations. MacGorman further studied this sound source positioning method and analyzed in detail the influence of factors such as temperature gradient, wind speed and wind shear in the atmospheric environment during the propagation of thunder, improving the positioning results. Zhang Han et al. in China used a four-element acoustic sensor array and a portable data acquisition and storage device to form a single-station lightning channel three-dimensional thunder positioning system. Qiu Shi et al. used a self-designed three-element broadband high-sensitivity acoustic probe array to locate two negative ground-to-ground flash discharge channels in Nanjing in the summer of 2011. Different from the above, our team will make a six-element acoustic sensor array and place it on the roof of the School of Physical Science and Engineering Technology of Guangxi University, observe it during the thunderstorm period in Guangxi, and detect the source of thunder more accurately. At the same time, we will use a high-speed camera to capture the image of lightning formation, and compare it with the detected sound source position to depict a more accurate three-dimensional lightning channel structure. This project will reduce the errors caused by ToA methods, equipment sampling rates, etc., more accurately locate the specific location of lightning formation, and depict a more accurate three-dimensional lightning channel structure. This project will help to better study TGFs, cloud electrification mechanisms and the causes of lightning formation, and will also be of great significance to the design and research of lightning protection systems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to more accurately detect the lightning generation location and depict the three-dimensional lightning channel structure, the present invention provides a method for lightning sound source positioning and lightning channel reconstruction based on a three-dimensional acoustic sensor array. The present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0004] A method for lightning sound source location and lightning channel reconstruction based on a three-dimensional acoustic sensor array is proposed. A six-element acoustic sensor array and a data processing system are designed and manufactured. The three-dimensional structure of the lightning channel is reconstructed in conjunction with the image of a high-speed camera. In the data processing system, the sound source point is determined based on the array data, and the fitting condition is determined based on the image of the high-speed camera. The three-dimensional structure of the lightning channel is then drawn based on each point.

[0005] The following are the specific steps:

[0006] S1: Use acoustic sensors to design and form a six-element array, and use high-speed cameras to collect lightning in real time, and use FPGA and Raspberry Pi data acquisition, processing, and transmission systems;

[0007] S2: The array is placed on the roof of the first floor, which is located in a thunderstorm-concentrated area. During the flood season, the array detects lightning within the range to locate the lightning sound source and draw the three-dimensional lightning channel structure.

[0008] S3: Obtain the lightning position of the building during the flood season through the lightning protection center, and make improvements through comparison.

[0009] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0010] 1. The use of a six-element acoustic sensor array reduces the requirements for the device sampling rate;

[0011] 2. The geometric structure helps to reduce the error caused by environmental interference and is also easy to assemble and carry;

[0012] 3. The array is placed on the roof of the School of Physical Science and Engineering Technology of Guangxi University. Since thunderstorms in Guangxi are concentrated in places such as Se and Nanning, more than 60% of the annual lightning is concentrated in June-August, so observations can be completed inside Guangxi University;

[0013] 4. Use a high-speed camera to compare with the observed sound source points to ensure data accuracy and facilitate analysis and improvement;

[0014] 5. The array, combined with a high-speed camera, can describe and draw a more accurate three-dimensional lightning channel structure;

[0015] 6. The project is student-led and has sufficient continuity to allow for multi-faceted discussions on the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural diagram of a method for locating lightning sound sources and reconstructing lightning channels based on a three-dimensional acoustic sensor array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the invented product is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means at least 2.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Example:

[0023] In order to more accurately detect the location of lightning generation and depict the three-dimensional lightning channel structure, a method for lightning sound source positioning and lightning channel reconstruction based on a three-dimensional acoustic sensor array is provided. A six-element acoustic sensor array and a data processing system are designed and manufactured. The three-dimensional structure of the lightning channel is reconstructed in conjunction with the image of a high-speed camera. In the data processing system, the sound source point is determined according to the array data, and the fitting condition is judged according to the image of the high-speed camera, and then the three-dimensional structure of the lightning channel is drawn according to each point.

[0024] The following are the specific steps:

[0025] S1: Use acoustic sensors to design and form a six-element array, and use high-speed cameras to collect lightning in real time, and use FPGA and Raspberry Pi data acquisition, processing, and transmission systems;

[0026] S2: The array is placed on the roof of the School of Physical Science and Engineering Technology of Guangxi University. During the flood season in Guangxi, the lightning sound source is located and the three-dimensional lightning channel structure is mapped.

[0027] S3: Through cooperation with the Nanning Lightning Protection Center, the lightning position during the flood season at the location of Guangxi University in Nanning was obtained, and improvements were made through comparison.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, an established xyz axis and six microphones distributed along the xyz axis are included.

[0029] Problems to be solved:

[0030] 1. The ToA method has a large error problem in thunder location;

[0031] 2. The problem of low precision of three-dimensional lightning channel structure;

[0032] 3. The problem of low fit between the measurement points and the lightning channel image.

[0033] Expected results:

[0034] 1. Complete array assembly and system design;

[0035] 2. Measure the lightning sound source and depict the three-dimensional lightning channel structure.

[0036] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for lightning source localization and lightning channel reconstruction based on a three-dimensional acoustic sensor array, characterized in that: Design and manufacture a six-element acoustic sensor array and a data processing system, and reconstruct the three-dimensional structure of the lightning channel in conjunction with the high-speed camera image; in the data processing system, determine the sound source point based on the array data, and determine the fitting situation based on the high-speed camera image, and then draw the three-dimensional structure of the lightning channel based on each point; The following are the specific steps: S1: Use acoustic sensors to design and form a six-element array, and use high-speed cameras to collect lightning in real time, and use FPGA and Raspberry Pi data acquisition, processing, and transmission systems; S2: The array is placed on the roof of the first floor, which is located in a thunderstorm-concentrated area. During the flood season, the lightning sound source is located within the detection range and the three-dimensional lightning channel structure is drawn; S3: Obtain the lightning position of the building during the flood season through the lightning protection center, and make improvements through comparison.

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