A low-leakage switch

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-leakage switch, which belongs to the technical field of switches, including a mains-powered switch and a hybrid-powered switch. The mains-powered switch and the hybrid-powered switch exchange information through optical fibers. The mains-powered switch includes mains components, and the hybrid-powered switch includes mains components and batteries. The mains-powered switch and the hybrid-powered switch form a split structure for the low-leakage switch. The mains-powered switch and the hybrid-powered switch exchange information through optical fibers. Communication signals are transmitted in the form of optical signals, and no electrical signals or radiation are generated, which interfere with darkroom environments or special environments with extremely strict requirements on electromagnetic waves and conducted noise. At the same time, the hybrid-powered switch is powered by its own battery. When placed in a darkroom or a special environment, no active power source is introduced, so there is no interference caused by conduction and emission from an external power line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of switches, and in particular to a low-leakage switch. Background Art

[0002] The equipment under test in the shielded darkroom needs to be connected to the accompanying test equipment in the control room through a switch. The shielded darkroom has extremely strict requirements on electromagnetic radiation and conducted noise. At present, the switch and the accompanying test equipment mainly exchange information through electrical signals of network cables and telephone lines. Electrical signals will bring electromagnetic radiation, thereby interfering with the test environment of the shielded darkroom. In addition, the conduction and emission of the external power cord of the switch will also interfere with the darkroom test environment, resulting in errors in the test. Therefore, it is urgent to reduce the interference of the switch on the shielded darkroom. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a low-leakage switch with a split structure. According to different power supply methods, the switch is divided into a mains power supply switch and a hybrid power supply switch. The mains power supply switch and the hybrid power supply switch exchange information through optical fibers. Communication signals are transmitted in the form of optical signals, and no electrical signals or radiation are generated, which will not cause interference to darkroom environments or special environments with extremely strict requirements on electromagnetic waves and conducted noise. At the same time, the hybrid power supply switch is powered by its own battery. When it is placed in a darkroom or special environment, no active power supply will be introduced, so there will be no interference caused by conduction and emission from an external power cord.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a low-leakage switch, including a mains power supply switch and a hybrid power supply switch, wherein information is exchanged between the mains power supply switch and the hybrid power supply switch via optical fiber, the mains power supply switch includes mains power devices, and the hybrid power supply switch includes mains power devices and a battery.

[0005] Preferably, the AC power supply switch and the hybrid power supply switch both adopt a metal chassis, and the metal chassis is provided with a network interface, a telephone interface, an optical fiber interface, a power interface and an indicator light hole, and the network interface, the telephone interface and the power interface all adopt aviation connectors, and the aviation connector and the power switch are made of metal, and the network interface, the telephone interface, the power interface and the power switch are all connected to the box wall of the corresponding mounting port on the metal chassis through a flange edge, and a conductive rubber plate is installed between the flange edge and the box wall of the mounting port, the indicator light hole has a hole depth that can cut off electromagnetic waves, and a transparent light guide column for guiding light is provided in the indicator light hole, and the overlapping gaps on the metal chassis are sealed and an electromagnetic wave shielding component is additionally provided.

[0006] Preferably, the overlapping gaps on the metal chassis are subjected to conductive overlapping treatment.

[0007] Preferably, the sealing treatment method includes setting mutually embedded sealing grooves and sealing ridges at the overlapping gap, and the sealing grooves and sealing ridges extend along the length direction of the overlapping gap. The electromagnetic wave shielding component includes a symmetrical beryllium copper spring installed by rivets between the sealing groove and the sealing ridge near the innermost side of the metal chassis.

[0008] Preferably, the power cord connected to the power interface, the network cable connected to the network interface, and the telephone line connected to the telephone interface are all shielded cables, and the connection ends of the network cable and the telephone line are provided with aviation connection plugs for cooperating with aviation connectors, and the aviation connection plug includes a plug part and a tail part, a conductive rubber gasket is provided between the plug part and the tail part, a shielded crystal head is provided in the plug part, and a shielding layer is provided between the tail part and the connection ends of the network cable and the telephone line. A grounding column and a fuse seat are also provided on the metal chassis, and the grounding column and the fuse seat are connected to the box wall of the corresponding mounting through hole on the metal chassis through a flange edge, and a conductive rubber plate is installed between the flange edge and the box wall of the mounting through hole, and the shielding layer, the working components inside the metal chassis, and the AC power components are electrically connected to the grounding column.

[0009] Preferably, the AC power devices of the AC power supply switch include a power filter, a linear voltage regulator board, and a linear power supply. The working devices of the AC power supply switch include a network / telephone exchange control board, a program-controlled exchange board, an SFP optical fiber adapter board, and an indicator light board. The power switch of the AC power supply switch includes a AC control switch. The power interface of the AC power supply switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply through the power filter. The linear power supply is electrically connected to the transformer. The transformer is electrically connected to the linear voltage regulator board. The linear voltage regulator board is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board, the program-controlled exchange board, the SFP optical fiber adapter board, and the indicator light board. The AC control switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply. The network interface is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board. The telephone interface is electrically connected to the program-controlled exchange board. The program-controlled exchange board is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board. The metal chassis of the AC power supply switch is provided with an optical fiber interface for connecting the optical fiber. The optical fiber interface is electrically connected to the SFP optical fiber adapter board. The indicator light hole corresponds to the indicator light on the indicator light board.

[0010] The mains components of the hybrid power supply switch include a power filter, a linear voltage regulator board, and a linear power supply. The working components of the hybrid power supply switch include a network / telephone exchange control board, an SFP optical fiber adapter board, and an indicator light board. The power switch of the hybrid power supply switch includes a mains control switch and a battery control switch. The power interface of the hybrid power supply switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply through the power filter, the linear power supply is electrically connected to the transformer, the transformer is electrically connected to the linear voltage regulator board, the linear voltage regulator board is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board, the SFP optical fiber adapter board, and the indicator light board, the mains control switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply, the network interface and the telephone interface are both electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board, and an optical fiber interface for connecting the optical fiber is provided on the metal chassis of the hybrid power supply switch. The optical fiber interface is electrically connected to the SFP optical fiber adapter board, and the indicator light hole corresponds to the indicator light on the indicator light board.

[0011] Preferably, the SFP fiber optic adapter board is sealed in a metal packaging cavity, the metal packaging cavity has an extension opening for the fiber optic cage of the SFP fiber optic adapter board to extend out, and the metal packaging cavity is tightly fitted with the fiber optic through hole on the metal chassis where the fiber optic interface is installed.

[0012] Preferably, the components on the linear power supply, the network / telephone exchange control board, the program-controlled exchange board, the SFP optical fiber adapter board, and the indicator light board are all surface-mounted packaged components.

[0013] Preferably, the power filter uses a shielding cover to isolate input and output interference, and when the shielding cover is installed, a beryllium copper spring is used to achieve good overlap with the metal chassis and the outer shell of the power filter.

[0014] Preferably, the electrical equipment adopts EMC wiring technology. When wiring, the power line and signal line are separated. The positive and negative power lines run in parallel and as close as possible. The internal wiring inside the metal chassis is standardized to prevent crosstalk between signals. Filter components are used for external signal interfaces to reduce the intensity of the machine's external signal radiation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] The low-leakage switch of the present invention adopts a split structure. According to different power supply modes, it is divided into a mains-powered switch and a hybrid-powered switch. The hybrid-powered switch is placed inside a shielded darkroom (or other environments with high requirements for electromagnetic radiation and conducted noise) to provide signal connection for the equipment waiting to be tested in the darkroom. The mains-powered equipment is placed in a control room and connected to the accompanying electronic equipment. At this time, the mains-powered switch, the hybrid-powered switch and the accompanying test equipment together constitute an accompanying test system. The mains-powered switch and the hybrid-powered switch exchange information through optical fibers, and the communication signal is transmitted in the form of optical signals, without generating telecommunication signals. The signal will not generate radiation, nor will it transmit the interference generated by the power equipment in the control room into the darkroom. Due to the wide bandwidth and large transmission capacity of optical fiber and its strong anti-interference ability, one optical fiber cable can replace multiple network cables (telephone lines), avoiding the risk of bringing external interference into the darkroom by using electrical signal transmission cables, and ensuring the reliability and stability of the transmission signal. When used in the darkroom, the hybrid power supply switch is powered by its own battery and will not introduce active power. In this way, there will be no interference to the darkroom test environment caused by conduction and emission from the external power cord, and the noise generated by the battery is much smaller than that of the mains.

[0017] In addition to the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention also solves the following technical problems:

[0018] 1. The AC power supply switch and the hybrid power supply switch of the present invention both adopt metal chassis, and the metal characteristics can be used to shield the leakage of electromagnetic waves. The overlapping gaps of the metal chassis are sealed and electromagnetic wave shielding parts are added. The power switch and each interface use devices with shielding function, and conductive rubber plates are added between the box wall and the installation port. The depth of the indicator light hole is increased to achieve the same electromagnetic wave cutting effect as the principle of the cutoff waveguide, so that the AC power supply switch and the hybrid power supply switch each form a complete shielding body to reduce the leakage of electromagnetic and information.

[0019] 2. The overlapping gaps on the metal chassis of the present invention are subjected to conductive overlapping treatment, which can reduce or eliminate the adverse effects of complex environments on the performance of electronic devices and prevent them from being oxidized in the air and affecting the conductivity.

[0020] 3. The present invention improves the sealing effect by sealing the overlapped seams through mutually embedded sealing grooves and sealing convex strips, and the electromagnetic shielding parts are adopted to effectively shield the gaps of the metal chassis.

[0021] 4. The present invention sets the power line, network cable and telephone line as shielded cables. At the same time, the connection ends of the network cable and the telephone line adopt aviation connection plugs. A conductive rubber gasket is provided between the plug part and the tail part of the aviation connection plug. A shielded crystal head is provided in the plug part. A shielding layer is provided between the tail part and the connection ends of the network cable and the telephone line. The shielding layer, working devices and AC power devices are grounded through a grounding column, which can effectively suppress the external electromagnetic field and protect the safety of equipment and personnel. It can effectively improve the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic equipment, ensure the reliable operation of electronic equipment, prevent various circuits from interfering with each other during the operation of low-leakage switches, make them compatible with each other, and prevent information from leaking from the cables, thereby further deepening the shielding effect of the switch.

[0022] 5. The present invention seals the SFP fiber optic adapter board in a metal packaging cavity. The fiber cage of the SFP fiber optic adapter board fits tightly with the fiber optic through hole on the metal chassis where the fiber optic interface is installed. The extended opening and the box wall where the fiber optic through hole is located are sealed and overlapped, so that the metal packaging cavity forms a cutoff waveguide to prevent leakage of the fiber optic interface, and solves the problem that the fiber optic interface is directly installed to the outside, the opening is large, and there is no flange edge with the metal chassis, and shielding cannot be achieved by adding a conductive rubber plate.

[0023] 6. The power supply used for the low-leakage switch of the present invention is a linear power supply, which has no switching components, so there is no switching noise and small external electromagnetic interference. In addition, the programmable switching board with high power consumption is arranged in the AC power supply switch, so the linear power supply working power of the hybrid power supply switch is also smaller. Unlike the AC power supply switch, there is no need to install a linear power supply with a huge transformer coil. This reduces the power equipment and transmitting units of the hybrid power supply switch, making the electromagnetic environment of the hybrid power supply switch purer, with higher shielding efficiency and less external interference.

[0024] 7. The electrical equipment of the present invention adopts EMC wiring technology. During wiring, the power line and the signal line are separated. The positive and negative power lines are parallel and as close as possible. The internal wiring inside the metal chassis is standardized to prevent crosstalk between signals. Filter components are used for the external signal interface to reduce the external signal radiation intensity of the machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deployment of a low-leakage switch in a darkroom for accompanying testing in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a front panel of a hybrid power supply switch of a low-leakage switch in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a rear panel of a hybrid power supply switch of a low-leakage switch in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure and wiring of a hybrid power supply switch of a low-leakage switch in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a hybrid power supply switch of a low-leakage switch in an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the front panel of a mains powered switch of a low leakage switch in an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the rear panel of a mains-powered switch of a low-leakage switch in an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure and wiring of the mains power supply switch of the low leakage switch in the embodiment;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a mains power supply switch of a low leakage switch in the embodiment;

[0035] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the metal chassis gap shielding structure of the low-leakage switch in the embodiment;

[0036] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the shielding structure of the metal chassis holes of the low-leakage switch in the embodiment;

[0037] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the shielding three-dimensional structure of the metal chassis holes of the low-leakage switch in the embodiment;

[0038] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the shielding structure of the optical fiber interface of the low-leakage switch in the embodiment;

[0039] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the shielding structure of the network cable and telephone line of the low-leakage switch in the embodiment.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Power filter; 2. Hybrid power supply switch linear power supply; 3. Hybrid power supply switch network / telephone exchange control board; 4. Symmetrical beryllium copper reed; 5. Hybrid power supply switch rear panel assembly; 6. SFP fiber optic adapter board; 7. Battery; 8. Linear voltage regulator board; 9. Hybrid power supply switch metal chassis; 10. Hybrid power supply switch front panel assembly; 11. Network port aviation connector; 12. Hybrid power supply switch indicator board; 13. Battery control switch; 14. Mains control switch; 15. Power supply aviation connector; 16. Fuse holder; 17. Grounding column; 18. Telephone voice aviation connector; 19 1. Linear power supply for AC power supply switch; 20. Network / telephone exchange control board for AC power supply switch; 21. Metal chassis for AC power supply switch; 22. Transformer; 23. Program-controlled exchange board; 24. Front panel assembly for AC power supply switch; 25. Indicator light board for AC power supply switch; 26. Transparent light guide column; 27. Conductive rubber gasket; 28. Metal packaging cavity; 29. ​​Shielded crystal head; 30. Plug part; 31. Tail attachment part; 32. Shielded cable; 33. Shielding layer; 34. Hybrid power supply switch; 35. AC power supply switch; 36. Optical fiber; 37. Shielded darkroom; 38. Equipment to be tested; 39. Accompanying test equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] This embodiment provides a low-leakage switch, such as Figures 1 to 14As shown, a hybrid power supply switch 34 and a mains power supply switch 35 are formed to form a split structure. The mains power supply switch 35 includes a mains power device, and the mains power device can be connected to 220V mains (or other specifications of mains) for operation. The hybrid power supply switch 34 includes a mains power device and a battery 7. The hybrid power supply switch 34 can be connected to 220V mains (or other specifications of mains) through the mains power device to work, and can also be powered by the battery 7. The battery 7 can also be charged by the mains power device. The hybrid power supply switch 34 is powered by its own battery 7 and will not introduce an active power supply. In this way, there will be no conduction and emission from the external power line to interfere with the test environment of the shielded darkroom 37, and the noise generated by the battery 7 is much smaller than that of the mains. In addition, because there is a battery 7, this low-leakage switch can be used in areas without mains power supply and in places with higher safety requirements. As a preferred battery 7, a lithium battery is used, and of course other types of batteries can be used as needed. The mains power supply switch 35 and the hybrid power supply switch 34 exchange information through optical fiber 36. The advantage of using optical fiber is that the communication signal is transmitted in the form of an optical signal, which does not generate electrical signals, does not generate or emit radiation, and is not affected by electromagnetic interference, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the transmission signal, and also ensuring that information security is not leaked, avoiding the risk of using electrical signal transmission cables to bring external interference into the shielded darkroom 37 or other special scenes with strict requirements on electromagnetic waves, and also ensuring the reliability and stability of the transmission signal. At the same time, with the addition of optical fiber 36, one optical fiber cable can replace multiple network cables (telephone lines), greatly improving communication efficiency.

[0043] Working principle (this low-leakage switch is used as an example of the electromagnetic compatibility test equipment):

[0044] The hybrid power supply switch 34 is placed inside the shielded darkroom 37 to provide signal connection for the device to be tested 38 in the shielded darkroom 37. The mains power supply switch 35 is placed in the operating room and connected to the accompanying test device 39. The system exchanges information through optical fiber, so that the external accompanying test device 39 and the internal device to be tested 38 form a complete communication system to complete signal transmission and functional testing. The hybrid power supply switch 34 placed in the shielded darkroom 37 in the system is powered by a battery 7, and will not interfere with the test environment of the shielded darkroom 37 due to conduction and emission caused by an external power cord. The use of optical fiber to transmit in the form of optical signals does not generate electrical signals, and does not generate and carry out radiation, which avoids the use of electrical signal transmission cables to bring external interference into the shielded darkroom 37, and also ensures the reliability and stability of the transmission signal.

[0045] The low radiation performance of a low-leakage switch is closely related to the shielding design of its chassis, especially the gaps and holes on the chassis, which are one of the main reasons for the degradation of the chassis shielding performance. The so-called holes are mainly the installation ports and indicator holes corresponding to various interfaces and power switches, and the gaps mainly refer to the joints of the chassis. Therefore, in one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, both the city power supply switch 35 and the hybrid power supply switch 34 use metal chassis, which can shield the leakage of electromagnetic waves by using the metal characteristics, and the overlap gaps of the metal chassis are sealed and electromagnetic wave shielding parts are added to improve the shielding effect. For the power switch and each interface (network interface, telephone interface, optical fiber interface, power interface), the opening diameter of the installation port on the metal chassis for installing the power switch and the interface is generally relatively large, so to achieve its shielding, it is necessary to conduct electricity at the box wall of the through-hole device and the installation port, and select devices with shielding function, so the network interface, telephone interface, and power interface use aviation connectors, and the aviation connector and the power switch all use metal devices, and the network interface, telephone interface, power interface and power switch are connected to the box wall of the corresponding installation port on the metal chassis through the flange edge, and a conductive rubber plate is installed between the flange edge and the box wall of the installation port to play a conductive treatment role. The aperture of the indicator light hole on the metal chassis is generally small, so it is sufficient to increase the depth of the hole to make it have a sufficient shielding effect, so that the indicator light hole has a hole depth that can cut off the electromagnetic waves. Its mechanism is equivalent to the cutoff waveguide. Generally speaking, the aperture of the indicator light hole needs to be set within 3mm, and the hole depth can be set to more than 10mm. A transparent light guide column 26 for guiding light is provided in the indicator light hole, which can maintain a high brightness and a good observation effect. Preferably, the transparent light guide column 26 adopts a plexiglass rod. Of course, in another embodiment, the transparent light guide column 26 can adopt a transparent plastic rod such as acrylic. After the above-mentioned treatment of the metal chassis seams and chassis holes (including the installation port and the indicator light hole), the metal chassis becomes a complete shielding body, which greatly improves the electromagnetic wave shielding effect, prevents information leakage, and forms a low-leakage switch.

[0046] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the metal chassis can be made of highly conductive aluminum alloy material and undergo conductive oxidation treatment to prevent it from being oxidized in the air and affecting the conductivity. All joints and sealing grooves of the casing undergo conductive oxidation treatment. The aluminum alloy material is light in weight, which is conducive to lightweighting.

[0047] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the overlap gaps on the metal chassis are treated with conductive treatment to prevent oxidation in the air and affect the conductivity, so that the chassis is electrically connected to form a shielded whole. Each metal component can also be treated with conductive treatment to prevent oxidation in the air and affect the conductivity.

[0048] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the sealing treatment method includes setting mutually embedded sealing grooves and sealing ridges at the overlapping gap, and the sealing grooves and sealing ridges extend along the length direction of the overlapping gap. At least one sealing groove is set, and at least one corresponding sealing ridge is set. As a preferred method, three sealing grooves are set, and three sealing ridges are set, which can improve the sealing effect. Further, if the sealing area formed by multiple sealing grooves and sealing ridges has a sufficiently wide overlapping width to ensure the sealing effect, it is recommended to reach more than 14mm. The sealing effect can be significantly improved. The electromagnetic wave shielding part includes a symmetrical beryllium copper reed 4, which is installed on the innermost sealing groove close to the metal chassis by rivets. The symmetrical beryllium copper reed 4 is located between the installed sealing groove and its corresponding sealing ridge. The symmetrical beryllium copper reed 4 is pressed tightly in the sealing groove by the sealing ridge, so that the shielding performance of the gap is more reliable. Preferably, the symmetrical beryllium copper reed 4 used needs to have a 110dB shielding effect in the magnetic field (100kHz), a 100dB shielding effect in the electric field (10MHz), and a 90dB shielding effect in the plane wave (1GHz), that is, it has a high shielding effect in the whole band, and can effectively shield the gap of the metal chassis. Of course, it can also be adjusted according to actual needs. In addition, the metal chassis should use sufficiently dense screws to form a shielding square cabin for the entire metal chassis to achieve good electromagnetic compatibility. The symmetrical beryllium copper reed 4 can use a 55-55800 symmetrical beryllium copper reed. This model is only a preferred model and does not serve as a limitation. Other models can be used according to actual needs.

[0049] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14As shown, in addition to the above-mentioned shielding of the chassis seams, holes, etc. of the metal chassis, another item that easily causes information leakage is the cable, so the shielding treatment of the cable is crucial. Therefore, the power cord connected to the power interface, the network cable connected to the network interface, and the telephone line connected to the telephone interface are all shielded cables 32. The connection ends of the network cable and the telephone line are both provided with aviation connection plugs, and the aviation connection plugs are used to cooperate with aviation connectors. The aviation connection plug includes a plug part 30 and a tail part 31 that are connected to each other. A conductive rubber gasket 27 is provided between the plug part 30 and the tail part 31. The conductive rubber gasket 27 is preferably an aluminum silver-plated conductive rubber gasket, which can of course be adjusted according to actual needs. A shielded crystal head 29 is provided in the plug part 30, and a shielding layer 33 is provided between the tail part 31 and the connection end of the network cable and the telephone line. The shielding layer 33 is electrically connected to the grounding column 17. The shielded cable 32 can guide the common mode interference current injected into the cable to the ground through the shielding layer 33, so that the signal and cable interface in the shielding layer 33 are protected from external interference. It can be used in a strong interference environment, can effectively shield external electromagnetic interference, and maintain the stability of network transmission and telephone connection. At the same time, the shielding structure of the shielded cable 32 has an inherent advantage in reducing mutual interference between cables. The shielding system can not only shield external electromagnetic signals, but also block the electromagnetic leakage of the cable itself. The shielding layer 33 should be 360° sleeved on the cable, overlapped with the hole wall of the tail part 31 and well grounded. The shielding layer 33 can be made of metal wire mesh, and of course, a metal sleeve can be used. The metal chassis is also provided with a fuse seat 16 and a grounding column 17. The grounding column 17 and the fuse seat 16 are connected to the box wall of the corresponding installation through hole on the metal chassis through the flange edge, and a conductive rubber plate is installed between the flange edge and the box wall of the installation through hole. The shielding layer 33, the working components inside the metal chassis, and the mains components are electrically connected to the grounding column 17 for grounding. Grounding is an important part of the electromagnetic compatibility design of electronic equipment. Good grounding can effectively suppress external electromagnetic fields while protecting the safety of equipment and personnel. It can effectively improve the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic equipment and ensure the reliable operation of electronic equipment. In order to prevent various circuits from interfering with each other during the operation of low-leakage switches and make them compatible with each other,

[0050] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown:

[0051] The AC power supply components of the AC power supply switch 35 include a power filter 1, a linear voltage regulator board 8, a linear power supply 19 of the AC power supply switch, and a transformer 22. The working components of the AC power supply switch 35 include a network / telephone exchange control board 20 of the AC power supply switch, a program-controlled exchange board 23, and an indicator light board 25 of the AC power supply switch. The power switch of the AC power supply switch 35 includes a AC control switch 14. The power interface is electrically connected to the linear power supply 19 of the AC power supply switch through the power filter 1, and the linear power supply 19 of the AC power supply switch is electrically connected to the linear voltage regulator board 8 through the transformer 22. The linear voltage regulator board 8 is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board 20 of the AC power supply switch, the program-controlled exchange board 23, the SFP optical fiber adapter board 6, and the indicator light board 25 of the AC power supply switch (in addition, the linear voltage regulator board 8 may not be provided, and the linear power supply 19 of the AC power supply switch is directly powered by the transformer 22), and the AC control switch 14 is electrically connected to the linear power supply 19 of the AC power supply switch. The network interface is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board 20 of the AC power supply switch. The telephone interface is electrically connected to the program-controlled switching board 23, and the program-controlled switching board 23 is electrically connected to the network / telephone switching control board 20 of the mains-powered switch. The metal chassis 21 of the mains-powered switch is provided with an optical fiber interface for connecting the optical fiber 36, and the optical fiber interface is electrically connected to the SFP optical fiber adapter board 6. The indicator light hole corresponds to the indicator light on the indicator light board 25 of the mains-powered switch. The mains-powered switch 35 is powered by a linear power supply. The linear power supply 19 of the mains-powered switch first reduces the voltage amplitude of the AC power through the transformer 22, and then obtains a DC voltage with a small ripple voltage after rectification and filtering by the rectifier circuit, and then passes through the linear voltage regulator board 8 to obtain a high-precision DC voltage for the operation of each board and module of the mains-powered switch. The power filter 1 can significantly reduce the level of conducted interference to meet the requirements of conducted emission and sensor sensitivity indicators, and minimize the excessive conducted emission of the power line. The power supply used inside the device uses a linear power supply instead of a switching power supply. There are no switching components in the linear power supply circuit, so there is no electromagnetic signal interference caused by switching noise.

[0052] The mains components of the hybrid power switch 34 include a power filter 1, a hybrid power switch linear power supply 2, a linear voltage regulator board 8, and a transformer 22. The working components of the hybrid power switch 34 include a hybrid power switch network / telephone exchange control board 3, an SFP optical fiber adapter board 6, and a hybrid power switch indicator board 12. The power switch of the hybrid power switch 34 includes a battery control switch 13 and a mains control switch 14. The power interface is electrically connected to the hybrid power switch linear power supply 2 through the power filter 1, the hybrid power switch linear power supply 2 is electrically connected to the linear voltage regulator board 8 through the transformer 22, the linear voltage regulator board 8 is electrically connected to the hybrid power switch network / telephone exchange control board 3, the SFP optical fiber adapter board 6, and the hybrid power switch indicator board 12 (in addition, the linear voltage regulator board 8 may not be provided, and the hybrid power switch linear power supply 2 is directly powered by the transformer 22), the mains control switch 14 is electrically connected to the hybrid power switch linear power supply 2, the hybrid power switch linear power supply 2 is electrically connected to the battery 7, and the battery control switch 13 is electrically connected to the battery 7. The hybrid power switch indicator panel 12 corresponds to the indicator light on the hybrid power switch indicator panel 12. The hybrid power switch 34 provides power for the whole machine in two ways: linear power supply and battery. The battery 7 is used for power supply to ensure that the normal working time of the equipment is more than 4 hours. The built-in hybrid power switch linear power supply 2 can also convert 220V into 8.4V to charge the battery 7. The hybrid power switch linear power supply 2 can also be used directly for power supply to provide high-precision DC voltage for each board and module to work. The network interface and the telephone interface are both electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board 3 of the electric switch. The metal chassis 9 of the hybrid power switch is provided with an optical fiber interface for connecting the optical fiber 36, and the optical fiber interface is electrically connected to the SFP optical fiber adapter board 6. The indicator hole corresponds to the indicator light on the hybrid power switch indicator panel 12.

[0053] In summary, the power supply used inside the device is a linear power supply rather than a switching power supply. There are no switching components in the linear power supply circuit, so there is no electromagnetic signal interference caused by switching noise. At the same time, a battery 7 is configured to eliminate the electromagnetic signal interference caused by the power supply and its cables, and can be used in more harsh environments. In addition, the program-controlled switching board 23 with high power consumption is arranged in the mains power supply switch 35, so the hybrid power supply switch linear power supply 2 of the hybrid power supply switch 34 has a smaller working power, and does not need to be equipped with a large transformer coil like the mains power supply switch 35. The power equipment and transmitting unit of the hybrid power supply switch 34 are reduced, making the electromagnetic environment of the hybrid power supply switch 34 purer, with higher shielding efficiency and less external interference.

[0054] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14As shown, the hybrid power supply switch 34 and the mains power supply switch 35 each provide two independent network communication channels, two independent telephone voice communication channels and one optical fiber communication channel. Each network communication channel includes two standard RJ45 network interfaces, and each network interface can support adaptive 10 / 100 / 1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet. Each telephone voice communication channel provides two standard RJ11 telephone interfaces, and each optical fiber communication channel is provided with a standard optical fiber interface. By inserting the two ends of the optical fiber 36 into the optical fiber interfaces of the hybrid power supply switch 34 and the mains power supply switch 35, the information exchange between the hybrid power supply switch 34 and the mains power supply switch 35 can be realized. The optical fiber interface is equipped with an optoelectronic conversion module, which can support single-mode and multi-mode modes, and the optical interface rate can reach 10G. Of course, the telephone interface, network interface, and optical fiber interface provided above are only reference values ​​and can be expanded according to needs.

[0055] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, because the optical fiber interface is directly installed to the outside, the opening is relatively large, and there is no flange edge with the metal chassis, it is not possible to achieve shielding by adding a conductive rubber plate. For this reason, the SFP optical fiber adapter board 6 is sealed in the metal packaging cavity 28. The metal packaging cavity 28 has a protrusion, through which the optical fiber cage of the SFP optical fiber adapter board 6 can be extended. The optical fiber cage of the SFP optical fiber adapter board 6 is tightly fitted with the optical fiber through hole on the metal chassis where the optical fiber interface is installed. The protrusion and the box wall where the optical fiber through hole are located are sealed and overlapped, so that the metal packaging cavity 28 forms a cutoff waveguide to prevent leakage of the optical fiber interface. Preferably, the metal packaging cavity 28 is made of aluminum alloy components, and the metal packaging cavity 28 is recommended to be at least 85 mm long, which can of course be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0056] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown: the indicator light panel 25 of the mains-powered switch includes a status indicator light and a power indicator light, and the status indicator light includes a network connection indicator light, a telephone connection indicator light, and a network transmission indicator light. The indicator light panel 12 of the hybrid-powered switch includes a status indicator light, a power indicator light, a power indicator light, a battery indicator light, and an optical fiber remote indicator light, and the status indicator light includes a network connection indicator light, a telephone connection indicator light, and a network transmission indicator light. Through each indicator light, the working status of the chassis and interconnected devices can be monitored in real time, which is convenient for daily management.

[0057] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown:

[0058] The network interface of the hybrid power switch metal chassis 9, the hybrid power switch indicator panel 12, the battery control switch 13, and the mains control switch 14 are all arranged on the front panel and installed through the hybrid power switch front panel assembly 10 on the front panel. The network interface uses the network port aviation connector 11. The power interface, the fuse holder 16, the grounding column 17, the telephone interface, and the optical fiber interface of the hybrid power switch metal chassis 9 are all located on the rear panel and installed through the hybrid power switch rear panel assembly 5 on the rear panel. The power interface uses the power aviation connector 15, the telephone interface uses the telephone voice aviation connector 18, and the optical fiber interface uses the optical fiber aviation connector. The functional modules such as the linear power supply, PCB board, and the bracket for fixing are perfectly overlapped and grounded through the grounding column 17. The grounding end of the AC power supply line is grounded through the grounding column 17, and the shielding layer 33 of the shielded cable 32 is grounded through the grounding column 17.

[0059] The network interface of the metal chassis 21 of the AC power supply switch, the indicator panel 25 of the AC power supply switch, and the AC control switch 14 are all arranged on the front panel and installed through the front panel assembly 24 of the AC power supply switch. The network interface uses the network port aviation connector 11. The power interface, fuse holder 16, grounding column 17, telephone interface and optical fiber interface of the metal chassis 21 of the AC power supply switch are all located on the rear panel and installed through the rear panel assembly of the AC power supply switch on the rear panel. The power interface uses the power aviation connector 15, the telephone interface uses the telephone voice aviation connector 18, and the optical fiber interface uses the optical fiber aviation connector. The functional modules of the equipment, such as the linear power supply, PCB board and the bracket that plays a fixing role, are perfectly overlapped and grounded through the grounding column 17. The grounding end of the AC power supply line is grounded through the grounding column 17, and the shielding layer 33 of the shielded cable 32 is grounded through the grounding column 17.

[0060] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown,

[0061] The hybrid power supply switch 34 uses a DFM-2A-21 power filter 1, a 25W, 220V to 8.4V hybrid power supply switch linear power supply 2, a rechargeable lithium battery (7.4V / 12.8Ah) for the battery 7, four standard RJ45 network ports (aviation connector YW1-20F01S1), a lithium battery charge and discharge control switch (KN4A-403AM switch) for the battery control switch 13, a KN4A-202DM switch for the mains control switch 14, an AC 220V input power supply (aviation connector Y50X-0803Z30J) for the power supply interface, an R3-26 fuse holder 16, a JL15-01Z-4 grounding column 17, and four standard RJ11 telephone interfaces (aviation connector YW1-20F05S1). The hybrid power supply switch 34 provides two ways of powering the hybrid power supply switch 34: a linear power supply and a rechargeable lithium battery. When using a rechargeable lithium battery for power supply, turn the battery control switch 13 to the working position, and then turn the mains control switch 14 to the off position. The lithium battery can ensure a working time of more than 4 hours, and the front panel is equipped with a power indicator light. Turn the battery control switch 13 to the charging position, and then turn the mains control switch 14 to the on position, and the hybrid power supply switch linear power supply 2 can convert 220V into 8.4V to charge the battery. When using the hybrid power supply switch linear power supply 2 for power supply, turn the battery control switch 13 to the charging position, and then turn the mains control switch 14 to the on position. The hybrid power supply switch linear power supply 2 first reduces the voltage amplitude of the AC power through a transformer, and then rectifies it through a rectifier circuit to obtain pulsed DC power, and then obtains a DC voltage with a small ripple voltage through filtering, and then passes through a linear voltage regulator board 8 to obtain a high-precision DC voltage for the normal operation of each board and module of the hybrid power supply switch 34. The hybrid power supply switch linear power supply 2 outputs an average power of 25W, a standby power of 15W, and a maximum of 30W when working. Of course, the above are only preferred parameters and models, which can be modified according to actual conditions.

[0062] The mains power supply switch 35 adopts the power filter 1 of DFM-2A-21, the program-controlled switch board 23 of GW200, four standard RJ45 network ports (aviation connector YW1-20F01S1), the mains power supply equipment indicator panel 25, and the power switch (KN4A-202DM) arranged on the front panel assembly 24 of the mains power supply switch, and the rear panel assembly is exactly the same as the rear panel assembly of the hybrid power supply switch 34. The linear power supply is used for power supply. The linear power supply first reduces the voltage amplitude of the alternating current through the transformer module 22, and then rectifies it through the rectifier circuit to obtain pulse direct current, and then obtains a direct current voltage with a small ripple voltage through filtering, and then passes through the voltage stabilizing module to obtain a high-precision direct current voltage for the normal operation of each board and module of the mains power supply equipment. The power output average power is 50W, the standby power is 15W, and the maximum power can reach 60W when working. Of course, the above are only preferred parameters and models, which can be modified according to actual conditions.

[0063] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the components on the linear power supply, network / telephone exchange control board, program-controlled exchange board 23, SFP optical fiber adapter board 6, and indicator light board are all SMD packaged components. In the design of the mainboard, the core module and power module used are used as much as possible to reduce the "antenna effect" generated by the pins of the plug-in components, suppress the radiation of the signal, and reduce the loop area of ​​the sensitive circuit and the source circuit, that is, the signal line or current-carrying line is close to or twisted with its return line, increase the distance between the two types of circuits, make the sensitive circuit and the source circuit plane or nearly orthogonal, so as to reduce the mutual inductance between the lines to reduce the coupling amount.

[0064] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, in order to give full play to the high performance of the filter, the switch should adhere to the following measures when installing the power filter 1:

[0065] (1) The power filter 1 should be as close as possible to the power interface of the metal chassis, that is, the power input line in the metal chassis should be as short as possible;

[0066] (2) The metal shell of the power filter 1 must ensure good "surface contact" with the chassis wall. The power filter 1 is prohibited from being installed in the air, and the lap impedance should not be greater than 2.5 milliohms;

[0067] (3) Keep the input / output wires of the power filter 1 as far away as possible to prevent the input and output from coupling the power filter 1.

[0068] (4) The power filter 1 uses a shielding cover to isolate the input and output interference. When installing the shielding cover, a beryllium copper spring is used to achieve good overlap with the metal chassis and the shell of the power filter 1.

[0069] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14As shown, the electric system adopts EMC wiring technology. When wiring, the power line and signal line are separated. The positive and negative power lines are parallel and as close as possible. The internal wiring inside the metal chassis is standardized to prevent crosstalk between signals. Filter components are used for external signal interfaces to reduce the intensity of external signal radiation of the machine.

[0070] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the radiation level of the transmitter is an important factor affecting the low-leakage performance of the equipment. Therefore, before the design begins, the radiation mechanism of the operating frequency band of the equipment is studied for each PCB board of the switch system. In the frequency range of 10kHz to 18GHz, by analyzing the electromagnetic radiation mechanism and intensity of the equipment, corresponding measures are formulated for electromagnetic radiation leakage and power line conduction leakage. When the telephone network switch board and the program-controlled switch board 23 are under load operation, according to the working characteristics of the transmitter, the measurement amplitude is recorded and the transmitter is processed. For example, for conducted interference, a special filter is designed according to the test spectrum. For the clock source, the clock source should be kept as far away from the external interface and structural openings as possible during design.

[0071] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the low-leakage switch adopts all the above measures, so that the low-leakage switch has multiple functions such as network switching, telephone switching, and optical fiber switching. It solves the electromagnetic leakage problem of the entire link of the device signal source, signal transmission channel, and signal receiving end, solves the leakage problem of chassis gaps and holes, solves the grounding problem of the equipment, solves the shielding problem of input and output signals, solves the problem of external cable conduction and radiation, solves the shielding and filtering problem of the intermediate transmission line of the switching equipment, solves the interconnection, shielding and filtering problem of cables, and provides electromagnetic protection for the whole machine and each link of the signal transmission link, so that the low-leakage switch has excellent electromagnetic information security performance in the whole link and all bands, can effectively prevent information leakage, and ensure the security of confidential information.

[0072] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-leakage switch, characterized in that: It comprises a mains power supply switch and a hybrid power supply switch, wherein information is exchanged between the mains power supply switch and the hybrid power supply switch via optical fiber, the mains power supply switch comprises a mains power device, the hybrid power supply switch comprises a mains power device and a battery, the mains power supply switch and the hybrid power supply switch both adopt a metal chassis, the metal chassis is provided with a network interface, a telephone interface, an optical fiber interface, a power interface and an indicator light hole, the network interface, the telephone interface and the power interface all adopt an aviation connector, the aviation connector and the power switch are made of metal, the network interface, the telephone interface, the power interface and the power switch are all connected to the box wall of the corresponding installation port on the metal chassis through a flange edge, a conductive rubber plate is additionally installed between the flange edge and the box wall of the installation port, the indicator light hole has a hole depth capable of cutting off electromagnetic waves, a transparent light guide column for guiding light is provided in the indicator light hole, the overlapping gap on the metal chassis is sealed and an electromagnetic wave shielding member is additionally provided; The power line connected to the power interface, the network cable connected to the network interface, and the telephone line connected to the telephone interface are all shielded cables. The connection ends of the network cable and the telephone line are both provided with aviation connection plugs for cooperating with aviation connectors. The aviation connection plug includes a plug part and a tail part. A conductive rubber gasket is provided between the plug part and the tail part. A shielded crystal head is provided in the plug part. A shielding layer is provided between the tail part and the connection ends of the network cable and the telephone line. A grounding column and a fuse seat are also provided on the metal chassis. The grounding column and the fuse seat are both connected to the box wall of the corresponding mounting hole on the metal chassis through a flange edge. A conductive rubber plate is installed between the flange edge and the box wall of the mounting through hole. The shielding layer, the working components inside the metal chassis, and the AC components are electrically connected to the grounding column. The mains components of the mains power supply switch include a power filter, a linear voltage regulator board, and a linear power supply. The working components of the mains power supply switch include a network / telephone exchange control board, a program-controlled exchange board, an SFP optical fiber adapter board, and an indicator light board. The power switch of the mains power supply switch includes a mains control switch. The power interface of the mains power supply switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply through the power filter. The linear power supply is electrically connected to the transformer. The transformer is electrically connected to the linear voltage regulator board. The linear voltage regulator board is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board, the program-controlled exchange board, the SFP optical fiber adapter board, and the indicator light board. The mains control switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply. The network interface is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board. The telephone interface is electrically connected to the program-controlled exchange board. The program-controlled exchange board is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board. The metal chassis of the mains power supply switch is provided with an optical fiber interface for connecting the optical fiber. The optical fiber interface is electrically connected to the SFP optical fiber adapter board. The indicator light hole corresponds to the indicator light on the indicator light board. The mains components of the hybrid power supply switch include a power filter, a linear voltage regulator board, and a linear power supply. The working components of the hybrid power supply switch include a network / telephone exchange control board, an SFP optical fiber adapter board, and an indicator light board. The power switch of the hybrid power supply switch includes a mains control switch and a battery control switch. The power interface of the hybrid power supply switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply through the power filter, the linear power supply is electrically connected to the transformer, the transformer is electrically connected to the linear voltage regulator board, the linear voltage regulator board is electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board, the SFP optical fiber adapter board, and the indicator light board, the mains control switch is electrically connected to the linear power supply, the network interface and the telephone interface are both electrically connected to the network / telephone exchange control board, and an optical fiber interface for connecting the optical fiber is provided on the metal chassis of the hybrid power supply switch. The optical fiber interface is electrically connected to the SFP optical fiber adapter board, and the indicator light hole corresponds to the indicator light on the indicator light board.

2. A low-leakage switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overlapping gaps on the metal chassis are subjected to conductive overlapping treatment.

3. A low-leakage switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing treatment method includes setting mutually embedded sealing grooves and sealing ridges at the overlapping gap, and the sealing grooves and sealing ridges extend along the length direction of the overlapping gap. The electromagnetic wave shielding component includes a symmetrical beryllium copper spring installed by rivets between the sealing groove and the sealing ridge near the innermost side of the metal chassis.

4. A low-leakage switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SFP fiber adapter plate is sealed in a metal packaging cavity, which has an extension opening for the fiber cage of the SFP fiber adapter plate to extend out, and the metal packaging cavity is tightly fitted with the fiber through hole on the metal chassis where the fiber interface is installed.

5. A low-leakage switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The components on the linear power supply, network / telephone exchange control board, program-controlled exchange board, SFP fiber optic adapter board, and indicator light board are all surface-mounted components.

6. A low-leakage switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power filter uses a shielding cover to isolate input and output interference. When the shielding cover is installed, a beryllium copper spring is used to achieve good overlap with the metal chassis and the shell of the power filter.

7. A low-leakage switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electric system adopts EMC wiring technology. When wiring, the power line and signal line are separated. The positive and negative power lines are parallel and as close as possible. The internal wiring inside the metal chassis is standardized to prevent crosstalk between signals. Filter components are used for external signal interfaces to reduce the intensity of external signal radiation of the machine.

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